View source for Malibu languages

{{Short description|Extinct language group of Colombia}}
{{Infobox language family
| name          = Malibu
| region        = [[Department of Magdalena]], [[Colombia]]
| familycolor   = American
| family        = unclassified
| child1        = ''[[Malibú language|Malibú]]'' {{extinct}}
| child2        = ''Mocana'' {{extinct}}
| glotto        = NA
| glotto2       = mali1242
| glottoname2   = Malibu proper
| glottorefname2 = Malibu
| map           = MalibuLx.png
| mapcaption    = Pre-contact distribution of the Malibu languages
| child3        = ''Mompox'' {{extinct}} <!--petit poisson qui chasse le crocodile small fish which hunts crocodiles cacarracacá-->
}}

The '''Malibu languages''' are a poorly attested group of extinct languages once spoken along the [[Magdalena River]] in Colombia. Material exists only for two of the numerous languages mentioned in the literature: [[Malibú language|Malibú]] and [[Mocana language|Mocana]].

==Classification==
The Malibu languages have previously been grouped with the [[Chimila language]].<ref name="Loukotka">{{cite book
  | last = Loukotka
  | first = Čestmír
  | authorlink = Čestmír Loukotka
  | title = Classification of South American Indian Languages
  | url = https://archive.org/details/classificationof0007louk
  | url-access = registration
  | publisher = UCLA Latin American Center
  | year = 1968
  | location = Los Angeles
  | pages = [https://archive.org/details/classificationof0007louk/page/244 244–5]}}</ref>  However, Chimila is now known to be a [[Chibchan language]],<ref>{{Cite book
 | year = 2005
 | title = Ethnologue: Languages of the World
 | edition =15th
 | editor-last =Gordon
 | editor-first =Raymond G.
 | publisher = SIL International
 | url =http://www.ethnologue.com
 }}</ref> and Adelaar & Muysken regard the grouping of Chimila with the Malibu languages as "without any factual basis".<ref>{{cite book
|last=Adelaar
|first=Willem F. H.
|author2=Pieter C. Muysken
|title=The Languages of the Andes
|url=https://archive.org/details/languagesandesca00adel
|url-access=limited
|year=2004
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|location=Cambridge
|isbn=978-0-521-36275-7
|pages=[https://archive.org/details/languagesandesca00adel/page/n78 52]
}}</ref>

==Family division==
Rivet listed three Malibu tribes, each with its own language:<ref name = "Rivet">{{cite journal
  | last = Rivet
  | first = Paul
  | title = Les indiens Malibú
  | journal = Journal de la Société des Américanistes de Paris
  | volume = 36
  | pages = 139–144
  | doi = 10.3406/jsa.1947.2360
  | year = 1947}}</ref>
*'''[[Malibú language|Malibú]]''',<ref>{{glottolog|mali1242|Malibu}}</ref> spoken near the [[Magdalena River]] from [[Tamalameque]] to [[Tenerife, Magdalena|Tenerife]]
*'''Mocaná''', spoken by the [[Mokaná]] people in the region east of [[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]] (Rivet 1947b; Simón 1882-1892, vol. 4, p. 298, only two words.)
*'''Pacabuey''', also known as '''Sompallón''' or '''Laguna Malibu''', spoken near the Zapatoza lagoon (Unattested.)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lascarro |first=Luis Carlos Ramirez |title=Los Pacabuyes: ¿un pueblo Chimila o Malibú? |url=https://panoramacultural.com.co/pueblos/8196/los-pacabuyes-un-pueblo-chimila-o-malibu |access-date=2025-04-27 |website=PanoramaCultural.com.co |language=en}}</ref>

To this list, Loukotka adds six more languages, all of which are unattested (excluding Chimila):<ref name="Loukotka"/>
*'''Papale''', spoken on the [[Fundación River]]
*'''Coanoa''' or '''Guanoa''', spoken on the [[Cesar River]]
*'''Zamirua''', spoken on the [[Ariguaní River]]
*'''Cospique''', spoken somewhere in the [[Department of Magdalena]]
*'''Mompox''', spoken near the city of [[Santa Cruz de Mompox]] (attested per Rivet 1947)<ref name="Rivet" />
*'''Calamari''', spoken along the coast south of [[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]] to [[Coveñas]]

==Vocabulary==
Rivet gives a brief list of words from Malibú and Mocana.<ref name="Rivet"/>  A selection of these is provided below:

*''tahana'' – [[Manchineel tree|manzanilla tree]]
*''malibu'' – chief
*''man'' – small boat
*''ytaylaco'' / ''yteylaco'' / ''yntelas'' / ''ytaylas'' – devil, deity
*''entaha'' / ''enbutac'' – [[cassava]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}{{Languages of Colombia}}{{South American languages}}
[[Category:Malibu languages| ]]
[[Category:Languages of Colombia]]
[[Category:Language families]]
[[Category:Unclassified languages of South America]]
[[Category:Extinct languages of South America]]