View source for Main Missile and Artillery Directorate

{{short description|Department of the Russian Ministry of Defence}}
{{Redirect|GRAU|text=For other uses, see [[Grau (disambiguation)]]}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name                     = Main Missile and Artillery Directorate of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (GRAU)
| native_name                   = Гла́вное раке́тно-артиллери́йское управле́ние Министе́рства оборо́ны Росси́йской Федера́ции (ГРАУ Минобороны России)
| image                         = Great emblem of the Main Missile and Artillery Directorate.svg
| image_size                    = 180
| caption                       = GRAU emblem
| dates                         = 1862–present<br />Current title from 1960
| country                       = {{flag|Russia}}
| type                          = Central Military Authority
| command_structure             = [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defense]]
| nickname                      = 
| commander1                    = ''General-mayor'' Aleksey Volkov{{cn|date=April 2025}}
}}
The '''Main Missile and Artillery Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation''' ({{Langx|ru|Гла́вное раке́тно-артиллери́йское управле́ние Министе́рства оборо́ны Росси́йской Федера́ции, {{small|abbr.}} ГРАУ Миноборо́ны Росси́и|Glavnoye raketno-artilleriyskoye upravleniye Ministerstva oborony Rossiyskoy Federatsii, {{small|abbr.}} GRAU Minoborony Rossíi}}), commonly referred to by its transliterated acronym '''GRAU''' ({{Lang|ru|ГРАУ}}), is a department of the [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Russian Ministry of Defense]]. It is subordinate to the Chief of Armament and Munition of the [[Russian Armed Forces]], a vice-minister of defense.

The organization dates back to 1862 when it was established under the name '''Main Artillery Directorate''' ({{langx|ru|Главное артиллерийское управление, ГАУ|label=none}}, '''GAU'''). The "R" from "rockets" was added to the title from 19 November 1960.

The GRAU is responsible for assigning '''GRAU indices''' to [[Russian army]] [[ammunition]]s and [[Materiel|equipment]].

As of April 2025, the Chief of the GRAU was [[Army ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation|''General mayor'']] Aleksey Volkov.{{cn|date=April 2025}} He was appointed in May 2024 and succeeded General-Lieutenant Nikolai Parshin ([[:ru:Паршин, Николай Михайлович]]) who took office in mid-2012.

== Arsenals ==
[[File:NASA FIRMS 2024-10-19 Lipetsk.png|thumb|Satellite imagery of the Lipetsk arsenal]]
Arsenals of the GRAU, according to [[Kommersant]]-Vlast in 2005, included the 53rd at [[Dzerzhinsk, Russia|Dzerzhinsk, Nizhniy Novogorod Oblast]], the 55th in the [[Sklad-40]] microraion at [[Rzhev]], the 60th at [[Kaluga]], the 63rd at [[Lipetsk]], the 75th at [[Serpukhov]] south of Moscow, and the 97th at Skolin (all five in the [[Moscow Military District]]). An additional possibly disused arsenal in the Moscow Military District is the 107th at [[Toropets]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://wikimapia.org/20219627/107th-arsenal-GRAU | title=107th arsenal GRAU }}</ref> The 5th at [[Alatyr, Chuvash Republic]], the 80th Arsenal at Gagarskiy, the 103rd Arsenal at [[Saransk]], [[Mordovia]],<ref>{{cite web |url= http://103arsenal.ru/istoriya | title=История | date=21 May 2018 }}</ref> and the 116th at Krasno-Oktyabrskiy were all in the [[Volga–Urals Military District]].{{sfn|Kommersant|2005}}

===Fires and explosions ===
Since 2009, there have been a number of fires and explosions at GRAU ammunition storage depots.
* A major series of explosions occurred at an arms depot of the 31st Arsenal of the [[Caspian Flotilla]] near [[Ulyanovsk]] on 13 November 2009. At least two people were killed in the explosion and 43 were rescued from a bomb shelter where they had taken refuge.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8359359.stm | title=Major fire at Russia arms depot | date=13 November 2009 }}</ref> 

* There were fires and explosions at the 102nd Arsenal GRAU at [[Pugachevo]] ([[Malaya Purga]]) in [[Udmurtia]] ([[Volga-Urals Military District]]) in 2011, 2013, 2015, 2016, and 2018,<ref>Russian Defense Policy, “The Latest Arsenal Fire,” https://russiandefpolicy.com/2020/10/13/the-latest-arsenal-fire/ (2020-10-13);  https://russiandefpolicy.com/2011/06/26/arsenal-explosion-blows-up-a-couple-careers/</ref> and two other incidents in 2011 at the 99th Arsenal in Bashkiria and at [[Ashuluk]]. There were three more fires in 2012.

* On December 26, 2013, an [[Antonov An-12]]B transport aircraft of the Irkut company was flying along the route Novosibirsk - Irkutsk, but when landing, it crashed onto a warehouse of the 109th Arsenal GRAU located near the [[Irkutsk Northwest Airport]] ([[Siberian Military District]]).<ref>[https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20131226-0 Описание катастрофы на Aviation Safety Network]; [http://www.airdisaster.ru/database.php?id=1600 Катастрофа Ан-12 Корпорации ''Иркут'' в районе а/п Иркутск-2 (борт 12162), 26 декабря 2013 года].</ref> All nine people on board were killed - six crew members and three passengers.

* On 7 October 2020, a grass fire reached ammunition in open storage at [[Military Unit Number]] 55443 (once maybe the GRAU's 97th Arsenal) near Zheltukhino ([[:ru:Желтухино (деревня, Рязанская область)]]) in [[Skopinsky District]], [[Ryazan Oblast]], igniting munitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Минобороны РФ окажет помощь в ремонте жилых домов и инфраструктуры в военном городке, пострадавшем при пожаре на арсенале в Рязанской области - |url=https://www.militarynews.ru/story.asp?rid=1&nid=539572&lang=RU |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=www.militarynews.ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-13 |title=The Latest Arsenal Fire |url=https://russiandefpolicy.com/2020/10/13/the-latest-arsenal-fire/ |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=Russian Defense Policy |language=en}}</ref> Whether GRAU or the [[Western Military District]] was responsible for the depot was unclear. [[Interfaks]]-AVN wrote that there were 113 warehouses and bunkers with 75,000 tons of missiles, rockets, and artillery shells (including 152-mm) at the site. A woman died from injuries and there were at least another 15 victims in stable condition; the fire and explosions "damaged 430 structures, public facilities, apartment buildings, and private homes."

* On 28 June 2022 the cell "[[Combat Organization of Anarcho-Communists|BOAK]]-Vladimir" published a [[press release]] claiming sabotage action on railway of [[Military Unit Number]] 55443 VD Barsovo (51st Arsenal of the GRAU) near [[Kirzhach]] in [[Vladimir Oblast]]. The rails were damaged. BOAK's press release stated, "Every stopped train helps to get rid of missiles and rockets, which could hit peaceful Ukrainian cities!"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://boakeng.noblogs.org/post/2022/07/04/sabotage-action-on-the-railway-of-military-unit-55443-vd-barsovo-51th-arsenal-of-the-main-rocket-artillery-department-of-russian-defense-ministry/|title=Sabotage action on the railway of military unit 55443 VD Barsovo (51th Arsenal of the Main rocket-artillery department of Russian Defense ministry) &#124; Anarcho-Communists Combat Organization}}</ref>

* On 4 September 2024 the railroad tracks at the entrance to the 93rd GRAU arsenal of military unit [[1060th Centre for Material-Technical Support|55443-TD]] near [[Kuzhenkino (urban-type settlement)|Kuzhenkino]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://wikimapia.org/3186226/uk/93-%D0%B9-%D0%90%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B2-%D1%87-55443-%D0%A2%D0%94 |website= [[wikimapia.org]] |title= 93-й Арсенал, в\ч 55443-ТД |access-date= 2024-10-19 |lang=uk |trans-title= 93rd Arsenal, military unit 55443-TD}}</ref> and 7&nbsp;km West-northwest of [[Borisovsky Khotilovo air base]] saw an extensive fire detected by [[NASA]]'s [[Fire Information for Resource Management System|FIRMS]].

* [[Toropets depot explosions]] – On the night of 17–18 September 2024, during the [[Russo-Ukrainian War]], [[Ukraine]] launched a drone attack on the GRAU ammunition depot in [[Toropets]], causing a massive series of explosions and fires while damaging much of the town.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lukiv |first=Jaroslav |title=Russia Tver region orders evacuation after Ukrainian drone attack |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c30lp1qq6pzo |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=BBC |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last= |first= |title=Drone Attack On Arms Depot Forces Evacuations In Russia's Tver Region |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-ukraine-drone-evacuation-tver/33124415.html |access-date=2024-09-18 |work=Radio Free Europe |language=en}}</ref> The attack resulted in an earthquake-magnitude blast, and NASA satellites detected the resulting fires over an area of approximately {{cvt|5|sqmi|disp=flip}}.<ref name=newsweek20240919>{{cite news |title=Russian Ammo Depot 1.8 Kiloton Blast May Be 'Biggest Single Event' in War |url=https://www.newsweek.com/russia-tver-ukraine-drones-1955582 |last=Cole|first=Brendan |work=[[Newsweek]] |date=19 September 2024 |access-date=19 September 2024 }}</ref>  The blast wave spread up to {{cvt|200|mi}} and was estimated to be consistent with {{cvt|200|-|240|tTNT}} of high-explosives detonating.<ref name=reuters20240918>{{Cite web |date=18 September 2024 |title= Ukrainian drone attack triggersi earthquake-sized blast at arsenal in Russia's Tver region |url= https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-targets-western-russian-regions-with-drones-russian-officials-says-2024-09-18/ |author=Lidia Kelly|author2= Lucy Papachristou |website=Reuters}}</ref><ref name=newsweek20240919/><ref name=nbc20240918>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Alexander |date=2024-09-18 |title=Ukrainian drone attack triggers huge blasts at Russian ammo depot |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/ukraine-drone-attack-russia-ammo-depot-toropets-tver-blasts-quake-fire-rcna171601 |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref>  The [[Security Service of Ukraine]] claimed that "[[9K720 Iskander|Iskander]], [[OTR-21 Tochka|Tochka]] and KAB missiles" were stored at the facility.<ref name=nbc20240918/>  Russian officials reported that 13 people had been injured and that an evacuation of the area had been ordered.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c30lp1qq6pzo Ukraine drone attack in Russia sparks fire]. BBC, 18 September 2024</ref>

* On 21 September 2024 both the 719th GRAU arsenal near [[Tikhoretsk]] and the 23rd GRAU arsenal near Oktyabrsky burned due to drone attacks. The 23rd arsenal is located 16&nbsp;km south of Toropets, where the GRAU arsenal was still on fire from the attack three days prior.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://en.defence-ua.com/news/another_grau_arsenal_covering_a_huge_area_and_ammunition_base_with_north_korean_shells_destroyed-11929.html |website= en.defence-ua.com |title= Another GRAU Arsenal Covering a Huge Area and Ammunition Base with North Korean Shells Destroyed |date=2024-09-21 |access-date=2025-04-27}}</ref>

*On 9 October 2024 the Karachev ammunition storage depot was attacked by Ukrainian drones.  The depot is controlled by the 67th GRAU near [[Karachev]], located in [[Bryansk Oblast|Bryansk]] region, approximately 114&nbsp;km from the Ukrainian border.  Fires, explosions and continuous detonations for hours resulted, but initial battle damage assessment has not yet been made by independent military analysts.<ref>[https://www.newsweek.com/ukraine-north-korea-ammunition-depot-karachev-bryansk-russia-1966210 Ukraine Goes After Russia's North Korean Arms Stockpiles], [[Newsweek]], 9 October 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.kyivpost.com/post/40216 Ukrainian Drone Strike Reportedly Hits Bryansk Ammo Depot Storing N. Korean Weapons], [[Kyiv Post]], 9 October 2024.</ref> Two ammunition depot storage warehouses were destroyed.<ref>[https://x.com/kromark/status/1847182549044678925 high-resolution @planet satellite image taken on Oct. 17th arrived, confirming that two ammunition storage buildings were destroyed as a result of the strike], 18 October 2024.</ref>

*On 20 November 2024 the 13th arsenal located at [[Kotovo#Novgorod_Oblast|Kotovo]], [[Novgorod Oblast]] was attacked by Ukrainian drones and Kotovo residents were evacuated to nearby [[Okulovka (town), Novgorod Oblast|Okulovka]] as a precaution.<ref>{{cite news |title= Village in Northwestern Russia Evacuated After Ukrainian Drones Attack Missile Depot |url= https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2024/11/20/village-in-northwestern-russia-evacuated-after-ukrainian-drones-attack-missile-depot-a87073 |date=20 November 2024 |access-date=20 November 2024 |language=en |work=[[The Moscow Times]]}}</ref>

*On 22nd April 2025, the 51st arsenal located at [[Barsovo, Vladimir Oblast|Barsovo]], [[Vladimir Oblast]] suffered an explosion followed by fires<ref>https://www.lindependant.fr/2025/04/22/il-abritait-des-obus-dartillerie-des-roquettes-pour-mlrs-ou-encore-des-missiles-tactiques-importante-explosion-dans-lun-des-plus-grands-depots-de-12651892.php</ref> and 450 residents<ref>{{cite web|author=Léo Pierre |date=24 April 2025 |title=Vidéo: plusieurs explosions massives détruisent un entrepôt de munitions russe, Moscou évoque un accident |url=https://www.slate.fr/monde/explosions-massives-destruction-incendie-entrepot-munitions-russe-moscou-guerre-ukraine-accident |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]}}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> were evacuated from nearby towns.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russian ammo depot, reportedly holding 264,000 tons of munitions, obliterated near Moscow |url= https://euromaidanpress.com/2025/04/22/russian-ammo-depot-reportedly-holding-264000-tons-of-munitions-obliterated-near-moscow/ |date=22 April 2025 |access-date=23 April 2025 |language=en |work=[[Euromaidan Press]]}}</ref>

<div align="center"><gallery>
File:NASA FIRMS 2018-05-16 Pugachevo.png|Extensive fire in and near the 102nd GRAU Arsenal at Pugachevo on 16 May 2018
File:NASA FIRMS 2020-10-07 Zheltukhino.png|[[Wildfire]] enveloping open storage at [[Military Unit Number]] 55443 near Zheltukhino on 7 October 2020
File:NASA FIRMS 2024-09-04 Kuzhenkino.png|Fire around the railroad tracks at the entrance to the 93rd GRAU arsenal near [[Kuzhenkino (urban-type settlement)|Kuzhenkino]] on 4 September 2024
File:NASA FIRMS 2024-09-21 Toropets dual.png|Extensive fire in 23rd arsenal south of [[Toropets]] with still ongoing fire at 107th arsenal on 21 September 2024
File:NASA FIRMS 2024-09-21 Tikhoretsk.png|Extensive fire in 719th arsenal northwest of [[Tikhoretsk]], along with fires at the [[Tikhoretsk (air base)|Tikhoretsk air base]] and rail yard on 21 September 2024
File:NASA FIRMS 2025-04-22 Barsovo.png|Extensive fire in the 51st arsenal near [[Barsovo, Vladimir Oblast|Barsovo]] on 22 April 2025
</gallery></div>

== Chiefs of the GRAU, 1984-present ==
* Colonel General Yu. M. Andrianov (May 1984 - September 1986)([[:ru:Андрианов,_Юрий_Михайлович]])
* Colonel General M. E. Penkin (September 1986 - October 1991)
* General Colonel [[A. P. Sitnov]] (October 1991 - March 1994)
* General Colonel [[N. I. Karaulov]] (April 1994 - August 2000)
* General Colonel [[N. I. Svertilov]] (October 2000 - 2007)
* General Major [[O. S. Chikirev]] (2007 — 2009) (dismissed in 2009 in connection with explosions at ammunition depots in Ulyanovsk)
* General Major [[A. L. Romanovsky]] (2009 — 2012)
* General Lieutenant [[Nikolai Parshin]] (July 2012 — May 2024)
* General Major Aleksey Volkov (May 2024 - present)

==Current GRAU indices==
{{Russian military}}
GRAU indices are of the form ''{{angbr|number}} {{angbr|letter}} {{angbr|number}}'', sometimes with a further suffix ''{{angbr|letter}} {{angbr|number}}''.  They may be followed by a specially assigned codename.  For example "'''2&nbsp;S&nbsp;19&nbsp;&nbsp;''Msta-S'''''", the [[2S19 Msta]] self-propelled howitzer, has the index ''2S19'', without suffix; ''Msta-S'' is the codename.

===Misconceptions===
Several common misconceptions surround the scope and originating body of these indices. The GRAU designation is not an industrial designation, nor is it assigned by the design bureau. In addition to its GRAU designation, a given piece of equipment could have a design name, an industrial name and a service designation.

For example, one of the [[surface-to-air missile]]s in the [[SA-1 Guild|S-25 Berkut]] air defense system had at least four domestic designations:
* design name: La-205
* GRAU index: 5V7
* industry name: Product 205 ({{lang|ru-Latn|Izdeliye 205}})
* Soviet military designation: V-300

Some Soviet [[general-purpose bomb]]s bore a designation that looked confusingly similar to GRAU.<ref group=note>For example, the FAB-250sch entered service in 1944 with the designation ''7-F-334'', which was not assigned by GRAU.</ref>

===Designation scheme===
The first part of a GRAU index is a number indicating which of the several main categories of equipment a given item belongs to.  The second part, a [[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]] character, indicates the subcategory. The third part, a number, indicates the specific model.  The optional suffix can be used to differentiate variants of the same model.

====1 (Radio and electronics equipment)====
* 1K: ''[[Buran (spacecraft)|Buran]]'' (the first [[Buran programme|''Buran''-class orbiter]]; see also "[[#11 (Rocketry and associated equipment)]]")
* 1L: 1L14, the [[Identification Friend or Foe|IFF]] detector for the 9K310 ([[SA-16 Gimlet|Igla]]) [[air defense]] system
* 1S: [[Radar]] (1S11, target detecting [[radar]] of 1S91 command and control [[vehicle]] of [[2K12 Kub]] [[air defense]] system)
* 1V: Artillery command vehicles (1V18/19 on [[BTR-60]] chassis, 1V13/16 on [[MT-LBu]] chassis)
* 1P: Firearms [[Rifle scope|optic]] (1P87 optic on [[AK-12]], 1P70 optic on [[SVDK]]). 1PN designates the firearms optic as a [[night vision device]], e.g. [[1PN51]].

====2 (Artillery systems)====
* 2A: [[Towed artillery]] systems ([[152 mm howitzer 2A65|2A65 Msta-B]])
* 2B: [[Mortar (weapon)|Mortar]] Systems ([[2B9 Vasilek]], [[2B14 Podnos]])
* 2K: Air Defence Systems (2K11, [[2K11 Krug|Krug]] [[Surface-to-air missile|surface-to-air missile system]]; 2К12, [[2К12 Kub|Kub]] surface-to-air missile system, 2K22, [[9K22 Tunguska|Tunguska]] surface-to-air gun-missile system)
* 2S: [[Self-propelled gun|Self-propelled]] [[artillery]] systems ([[2S1 Gvozdika]], [[2S19 Msta|2S19 Msta-S]])
* 2U: Training equipment

====3 (Army and naval missiles)====
* 3M: Various missiles ([[P-270 Moskit|3M80 Moskit]], [[P-700 Granit|3M45 Granit]])

====4 (Naval missiles and army equipment (munitions, reactive armour, etc.))====
* 4G: [[Warhead]]s (4G15, the [[high explosive]]/[[HEAT]] warhead for the [[P-15 Termit]] [[anti-ship missile]])
* 4K: Naval missiles (4K10, the [[submarine-launched ballistic missile]] [[R-27 (missile)|R-27 (RSM-25)]] for D-5 "Zyb" system; 4K40, [[P-15 Termit]] missile)
* 4P: Launchers
* 4S: Launchers (4S95, the launcher of "Kinzhal/Klinok" ([[SA-15 Gauntlet]]) air defense complex)

====5 (Air defense equipment)====
* 5Ae: [[Computer]]s (5Ae26, a specialized multi-[[Central processing unit|CPU]] computer with a performance of 1.5 [[Million instructions per second|MIPS]])
* 5B: [[Surface-to-air missile]] warheads (5B18, the warhead for the [[SA-3 Goa|S-125]]'s V-601 missile)
* 5P: Surface-to-air missile launchers (5P75, the four-missile launcher for the [[S-125 Neva/Pechora|S-125]] air defense system)
* 5V: [[Surface-to-air missile]]s (5V55, [[Surface-to-air missile|SAM]] for [[S-300 missile system|S-300]] air defense system)
* 5Ya: Surface-to-air missiles (5Ya23, a SAM for the [[SA-2 Guideline|S-75]] air defense system)
* 5#
: * 51T6 (SH-11/[[ABM-4 Gorgon|ABM-4]] Gorgone), an [[exoatmospheric]] [[anti-ballistic missile]] interceptor for the [[A-135 anti-ballistic missile system|A-135]] [[air defense system]]
: * [[53T6]] (SH-08/[[ABM-3]] Gazelle), an endoatmospheric interceptor for A-135 [[air defense system]]

====6 (Firearms, air defense equipment)====
* 6B: [[Body armor]] ([[6B1 ballistic vest|6B1]]; 6B13, for mountain troops; [[6B23 ballistic vest|6B23]], [[MOLLE]]; [[6B45 ballistic vest|6B43]], MOLLE for airborne, naval and special troops), [[helmet]]s ([[6B6 helmet|6B6]])
* 6Ch: Firearm equipment ([[PBS-1 silencer|6Ch12]], the [[PBS-1 silencer|PBS-1]] [[flash suppressor]] and [[suppressor|silencer]]; 6Ch63, AK modernize kit; 6Ch64, front grip)
* 6E: Firearm equipment (6E7, flashlight)
* 6G: Grenade or rocket launchers (6G3, the [[RPG-7]] man-portable, [[rocket-propelled grenade]] [[Rocket launcher|launcher]]; 6G17, the [[GP-25#Grenades (shells)|VOG-25]] 40&nbsp;mm grenade cartridge)
* 6Kh: [[Knives]] and [[bayonet]]s (6Kh3, a [[Sword bayonet|sword-bayonet]] for the [[AKM]])
* 6P: Firearms (6P1, the 7.62&nbsp;mm [[AKM]], and 6P41/6P41M, [[PKP Pecheneg machine gun|PKP]])
* 6Sh: Firearm equipment (6Sh5, a rifle sling; 6Sh92, tactical vest; 6Sh104, [[SVD-63|SVD]]/[[VSS Vintorez and AS Val|VSS]] vest for sniper and backpack with rain cover and 2 side MOLLE pouches; 6Sh105, normal or digital tactical vest; 6Sh112, [[MOLLE]] tactical vest for [[PK machine gun|PKM]]/[[PKP Pecheneg machine gun|PKP]] machine-gunner)
* 6T: Firearm equipment (6T2, Samozhenkov's carriage for [[PK machine gun|PKS machine gun]])
* 6Ts: [[Sight (device)|Sights]] (6Ts1, the PSO-1 sight for the [[Dragunov SVU|Dragunov]] sniper rifle)
* 6U: Firearm equipment (6U1, personnel carrier vehicle carriage for PKB/PKBM machine gun)
* 6V: [[Firearm]]s (6V1, the [[Dragunov sniper rifle]])
* 6Yu: Firearm accessories kit (6Yu4, accessories kit for the [[AKM]])
* 6Zh: Firearm equipment (6Zh1M, a 100-round belt-box for the [[PK machine gun|PKM machine gun]])
* 6L: Magazine (6L20, bakelite plastic [[5.45×39mm]] [[Magazine (firearms)|magazine]] for the [[AK-74]])

====7 (Firearm munitions)====
* 7B: Ammunition (7B33, the [[7.62×54mmR]] [[Armour-piercing ammunition|armour-piercing]]/[[Incendiary ammunition|incendiary round]])
* 7G: [[Grenades]] (7G1, the [[RKG-3 anti-tank grenade|RKG-3]] handheld [[High-explosive anti-tank|HEAT]] grenade)
* 7Kh: Training ammunition (7Kh1, the [[12.7×108mm]] blank cartridge)
* 7N: Ammunition (7N1, the [[7.62×54mmR]] round for [[sniper rifle]]s)
* 7P: [[Rocket-propelled grenade]]s (7P1, a 40&nbsp;mm [[RPG-7]] round)
* 7S: Misc. ammunition (7S1, a signal false-fire of orange smoke)
* 7T: Ammunition (7T2, the 7.62×54mmR tracer round)
* 7U: Ammunition (7U1, the 5.45×39mm low speed ([[Speed of sound|subsonic]]) US (Umenshennoy Skorosti; "Reduced Speed") cartridge)
* 7Z: Ammunition (7Z1, the 14.5×115mm incendiary round)

=====Exceptions=====
* 71Kh6: the US-KMO Prognoz-2 early warning system [[satellite]]
* 73N6 ''Baikal-1'': an automated air defense command and control system
* 75E6 ''Parol-3'': the IFF interrogator for the S-75M and S-125
* 76N6: a low-altitude target detector [[radar]]

====8 (Army missiles and rocketry)====
* 8A: [[Ballistic missile]]s
* 8D: [[Rocket engine]]s (mostly)
* 8F: Warheads
* 8K: [[Missile]]s ([[R-5 missile|8K51]], [[R-12 Dvina|8K63 Dvina]], [[R-16 (missile)|8K64]], [[R-36 (missile)|8K67]], [[R-7 Semyorka|8K71]], [[UR-200|8K81]], [[UR-100|8K84]])
* 8P: [[Expendable launch system]]s
* 8S: Missile propulsion [[Rocket stage|stages]]

====9 (Army missiles, UAVs)====
* 9A: [[Multiple rocket launcher|Launchers]] (9A52, the chassis of the [[BM-30 Smerch]] [[Multiple rocket launcher|MLRS]])
* 9F: Training and equipment systems (9F827 of the [[BM-30 Smerch]] system)
* 9K: Systems ([[9K33 Osa|9К33 Osa]] surface-to-air missile system; [[9K115-2 Metis-M]] anti-tank missile system; [[9K38 Igla|9K310 Igla]] air defense system)
* 9M: [[Missile]]s ([[9M133 Kornet]], [[9M123 Khrizantema]], [[9M120 Ataka]] ATGM)
* 9P: [[Multiple rocket launcher|Launchers]] (9P140, the chassis of the [[BM-27 Uragan]] [[Multiple rocket launcher|MLRS]])
* 9S: 9S737, [[Ranzhir-M|Ranzhir]] mobile command center
* 9T: Transporter-loaders and re-supply vehicles (9T234 of the [[BM-30 Smerch]] system, 9T244 of the [[Tor missile system|9K331 Tor]] system)

====10 (Equipment)====
* 10P: [[Sight (device)|Sights]] (10P19, the PGO-7V sight for RPG-7V grenade launcher)
* 10R: [[Receiver (radio)|Radios]] (10R30 ''Karat-2'', a radio transmitter)

====11 (Rocketry and associated equipment)====
* 11A: Rocketry (11A51, the Korolev [[N1 rocket|N1]] heavy-lift launcher, 11A511, the [[Soyuz rocket|Soyuz]] launcher)
* 11B: Nuclear thermal rocket engines ([[RD-0410|11B91 (RD0410)]]; 11B97)
* 11D: [[Rocket engine]]s (11D43, the RD-253 liquid fuel rocket engine (First stage of [[Proton rocket|Proton space launcher]]))
* 11F: [[Satellite]]s (11F67 ''Molniya-1'', a telecom satellite; 11F35 K1 ''Buran'' (the first ''Buran''-class shuttle; see also "[[#1 (Radio and electronics equipment)]]"); 11F654 [[GLONASS]] [[satellites]]; 11F94 [[LK (spacecraft)|LK]], a lunar lander; 11F732 [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz]] spacecraft )
* 11G: Equipment (11G12, a refuelling station)
* 11K: Rocketry (11K25 ''[[Energia (rocket)|Energia]]'', a heavy-lift rocket for the ''[[Buran (spacecraft)|Buran]]''–class shuttle)
* 11M: Onboard equipment (11M243, [[solar array]] actuators for the 11F624 ''Yantar-2K'' satellite)
* 11P: Ground equipment (11P825, the launch complex for the 11K25)
* 11S: [[Rocket stage]]s (11S59, the 1st and 2nd stages ("unit A") of the [[Soyuz (rocket family)|Soyuz rocket]])

====14 (Rocketry and associated equipment)====
* 14A: Rockets (14A15, is the "[[Soyuz-2-1v]]")
* 14D: [[Rocket engine]]s (14D30, the "Briz" booster's S5.98M liquid fuel engine)
* 14F: [[Satellite]]s (14F10, the IS-MU ''Naryad'' [[anti-satellite weapon]])
* 14I: Ground equipment (14I02, the ground equipment for the "Briz" booster's 8P882 system)
* 14P: Ground equipment (14P72, the service system for the "Briz" booster)
* 14S: [[Booster rocket|Boosters]] (14S12, the "Briz" booster)
* 14T: Ground equipment (14T81, the storage equipment for the "Briz" booster)

====15 (Strategic Missile Forces equipment)====
* 15A: [[Intercontinental ballistic missile]]s (15A14 and 15A18, the [[R-36 (missile)|R-36M]] (SS-18 Satan) ICBM; 15A15, the [[MR-UR-100 Sotka|UR-100MR]] (SS-17 Spanker) ICBM)
* 15B: Warheads
* 15D: Rocket engines (mostly)
* 15F: Warheads
* 15N: [[Command and Control Vehicle|Command and control vehicles]]
* 15P: [[Missile silo|Silo-based launchers]] (mostly)
* 15U: [[ICBM]] ground equipment
* 15Zh: [[ICBM]]s and [[tactical ballistic missile]]s (15Zh45, the [[RT-21M Pioneer]] (SS-20 Saber) TBM)

====17 (Rocketry and associated equipment)====
* 17D: Misc. [[rocket engine]]s (17D58Ae, the stabilization and orientation engine of the "Briz-M" booster)
* 17F: [[Satellite]]s (17F15 ''Raduga-1'', a telecommunications satellite)
* 17K: Space-based systems (17K114, a space-based reconnaissance and targeting system)
* 17P: Ground equipment (17P31, the start system for 11K25)
* 17S: [[Rocket stage]]s (17S40, Unit D of the Proton launcher)
* 17U: Ground equipment (17U551, the "Briz-M" booster testing system)

==See also==
* [[Designations of Russian towed artillery]]
* [[NATO Reporting Name]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
* {{aviation.ru}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060424114218/http://www.aviation.ru/GRAU/ Dictionary of GRAU designations at {{mono|aviation.ru}}]
*{{cite journal|script-title=ru:Что такое современная армия России|trans-title=What is the modern army of Russia|language=ru|journal=Vlast|issue=610|author=[[Kommersant]]|url=http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=548978|date=21 February 2005|volume=7|access-date=20 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114072034/http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=548978|archive-date=2007-11-14}}

==Further reading==
* Lennox, Duncan (March 1993). "Russian Missile Designators". ''[[Jane's Intelligence Review]]'', p.&nbsp;120.
* Zaloga, Steven (August 1994). "Russian Missile Designations". ''[[Jane's Intelligence Review]]'', p.&nbsp;342–349.

==External links==
* [http://www.soldiering.ru/army/artillery/grau.php History of the GRAU] {{in lang|ru}}
* https://russiandefpolicy.com/2020/10/13/the-latest-arsenal-fire/ - arsenal fires, 2020

{{Armed Forces of the Russian Federation}}

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[[Category:Defence agencies of Russia]]
[[Category:Ministry of Defense (Soviet Union)]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1960]]
[[Category:Departments of the Ministry of Defence (Russia)]]