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{{Short description|Town in Harju County, Estonia}}
{{About|the town|village in Jõelähtme Parish|Maardu (village)}}
{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=et|otherarticle=Maardu|date=February 2025}}
{{More citations needed|date=June 2013}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Maardu
| settlement_type         = [[List of cities and towns in Estonia|Town]] 
| image_skyline           = Muuga.jpg
| imagesize               =
| image_caption           = Panorama of Maardu, [[Port of Muuga]] in the background. The [[Iru Power Plant]] is in the foreground.
| image_flag              = Flag of et-Maardu.svg
| flag_size               = 125px
| image_seal              =
| seal_size               =
| image_shield            = Maardu vapp.svg
| shield_size             = 75px
| image_blank_emblem      =
| blank_emblem_type       = <!-- defaults to Logo -->
| blank_emblem_size       =
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
| pushpin_map             = Estonia
| pushpin_label_position  = bottom
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Estonia
| coordinates             = {{coord|59|28|41|N|25|00|58|E|region:EE|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Estonia}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Counties of Estonia|County]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[File:Flag of et-Harju maakond.svg|24px]] [[Harju County]]
| established_title       = <!-- First settled -->
| established_date        = 
| established_title1      = First mentioned
| established_date1       = 1241
| established_title2      = Borough rights
| established_date2       = 1951
| established_title3      = Town rights
| established_date3       = 1980<ref name="about"/>
| government_type         =
| leader_party            = [[Estonian Centre Party]]
| leader_title            = Mayor
| leader_name             = Vladimir Arhipov
| area_total_km2          = 22.76
| elevation_m             = 20
| population_total        = 17,017<ref name="population">{{cite web|url=https://andmed.stat.ee/et/stat/rahvaloendus__rel2021__rahvastiku_paiknemine__elukoht-ja-soo-vanusjaotus/RL21003/table/tableViewLayout2|title=Maardu linn, valik andmeid}}</ref>
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_as_of        = 2024
|population_rank          = [[List of cities and towns in Estonia|8th]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| postal_code_type        = Postal code
| postal_code             = 74111
| website                 = [http://www.maardu.ee www.maardu.ee]
| iso_code                = EE-446
}}

'''Maardu''' ({{IPA|et|ˈmɑːrd̥u|lang}}, {{langx|de|Maart}}) is a [[Populated places in Estonia|town]] and a [[Municipalities of Estonia|municipality]] in [[Harju County]], [[Estonia]]. It is part of [[Tallinn]] [[metropolitan area]], located about {{convert|15|km}} east of the capital city.<ref name="about">{{cite web|url=https://maardu.ee/en/web/eng/anbout-maardu|title=About Maardu|publisher=Maardu Linnavalitsus|access-date=1 February 2023}}</ref> The town covers an area of 22.76&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and has a population of 16,170 (as of 1 January 2021).<ref name=population />

The [[Port of Muuga]], the largest cargo port in Estonia, is partly located in Maardu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ts.ee/en/muuga-harbour/|title=Muuga Harbour|publisher=[[Port of Tallinn]]|access-date=25 September 2022}}</ref>

According to the 2000 Census, the population was 16,738. 61.7% were [[Russians]], 19.9% [[Estonians]], 6.6% [[Ukrainians]], 5.7% [[Belarusians]], 1.5% [[Tatars]]. The proportion of Estonians was one of the lowest (if not the lowest) in Central and Western Estonia.

Outside the town (in the village of [[Maardu (village)|Maardu]]), south of the road to Narva lies [[Maardu manor]], one of the oldest preserved [[Baroque architecture|baroque]] manor houses in Estonia. It traces its origins to 1389, but the current building dates from the 1660s with additions made in the 19th century. The landlord of the manor Herman Jensen Bohn in 1739 funded the printing of the first bible printed in Estonian.<ref>{{cite book | last = Sakk | first = Ivar | title = Estonian Manors - A Travelogue | publisher = Sakk & Sakk OÜ | year = 2004 | location = Tallinn | page = 50 | isbn = 9949-10-117-4 }}</ref>

==Maardu neighborhoods==
Maardu may be divided into six parts:
*[[Kallavere, Maardu|Kallavere]] (the centre of the city where most of the public institutions are located)
*[[Muuga Harbour]]
*[[Muuga aedlinn]] (former garden city, now a light residential suburb more connected to [[Tallinn]] than Kallavere)
*[[Kärmu, Maardu|Kärmu]] (industrial area)
*[[Kroodi]] (industrial area)
*[[Lake Maardu]]

== Demographics ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Ethnic composition 1959-2021
! rowspan="2" |Ethnicity
! colspan="2" |[[Soviet Census (1959)|1959]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Katus |first=Kalev |url=https://www.ester.ee/record=b1836101*est |title=Rahvastiku ühtlusarvutatud sündmus- ja loendusstatistika: Harjumaa 1965-1990 |last2=Puur |first2=Allan |last3=Põldma |first3=Asta |date= |publisher=Eesti Kõrgkoolidevaheline Demouuringute Keskus |others= |year=2004 |isbn=978-9985-820-77-3 |series=Sari C |location=Tallinn |pages=31-32}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |[[Soviet Census (1970)|1970]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.ester.ee/record=b1655518*est |title=Население районов, городов и поселков городского типа Эстонской ССР : по данным Всесоюзной переписи населения на 15 января 1970 года |publisher=Eesti NSV Statistika Keskvalitsus |year=1972 |location=Tallinn |page=75 |language=ru}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |[[Soviet Census (1979)|1979]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=http://www.digar.ee/id/nlib-digar:375699 |title=Eesti Vabariigi maakondade, linnade ja alevite rahvastik: 1989. a. rahvaloenduse andmed: statistikakogumik. 1. osa: Rahvaarv rahvuse, perekonnaseisu, hariduse ja elatusallikate järgi |date=1990 |publisher=Statistikaamet |isbn=978-9949-71-932-7 |editor-last= |location=Tallinn |pages=27, 32 |language=et}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |[[Soviet Census (1989)|1989]]<ref name=":0" />
! colspan="2" |[[2000 Estonia Census|2000]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=RL222: RAHVASTIK ELUKOHA JA RAHVUSE JÄRGI |url=https://andmed.stat.ee:443/pxweb/et/stat/stat__rahvaloendus__rel2000__rahvus-emakeel-veerkeelte-oskus/RL222.px/ |access-date= |website=Estonian Statistical Database |language=et}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |[[2011 Estonian census|2011]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=RL0429: RAHVASTIK RAHVUSE, SOO, VANUSERÜHMA JA ELUKOHA JÄRGI, 31. DETSEMBER 2011 |url=https://andmed.stat.ee:443/pxweb/et/stat/stat__rahvaloendus__rel2011__rahvastiku-demograafilised-ja-etno-kultuurilised-naitajad__rahvus-emakeel-ja-keelteoskus-murded/RL0429.px/ |access-date= |website=Estonian Statistical Database |language=et}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |[[2021 Estonian census|2021]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=RL21429: RAHVASTIK RAHVUSE, SOO, VANUSERÜHMA JA ELUKOHA (HALDUSÜKSUS) JÄRGI, 31. DETSEMBER 2021 |url=https://andmed.stat.ee:443/pxweb/et/stat/stat__rahvaloendus__rel2021__rahvastiku-demograafilised-ja-etno-kultuurilised-naitajad__rahvus-emakeel/RL21429.px/ |access-date= |website=Estonian Statistical Database |language=et}}</ref>
|-
!amount
!%
!amount
!%
!amount
!%
!amount
!%
!amount
!%
!amount
!%
!amount
!%
|-
|[[Estonians]]
|1475
|34.9
|2110
|30.7
|2167
|21.7
|2479
|15.4
|3331
|19.9
|4347
|24.8
|3746
|23.2
|-
|[[Russians]]
| -
| -
|3254
|47.3
|5656
|56.7
|10024
|62.4
|10331
|61.7
|10845
|61.9
|10037
|62.1
|-
|[[Ukrainians]]
| -
| -
|298
|4.33
|584
|5.86
|1269
|7.91
|1101
|6.58
|861
|4.91
|957
|5.92
|-
|[[Belarusians]]
| -
| -
|763
|11.1
|942
|9.45
|1281
|7.98
|949
|5.67
|660
|3.77
|536
|3.31
|-
|[[Finns]]
| -
| -
|144
|2.09
|139
|1.39
|133
|0.83
|144
|0.86
|88
|0.50
|62
|0.38
|-
|[[Jews]]
| -
| -
|19
|0.28
|28
|0.28
|24
|0.15
|19
|0.11
|20
|0.11
|13
|0.08
|-
|[[Latvians]]
| -
| -
|19
|0.28
|27
|0.27
|37
|0.23
|36
|0.22
|34
|0.19
|42
|0.26
|-
|[[Germans]]
| -
| -
| -
| -
|27
|0.27
|42
|0.26
|31
|0.19
|27
|0.15
|25
|0.15
|-
|[[Tatars]]
| -
| -
| -
| -
|169
|1.70
|267
|1.66
|245
|1.46
|168
|0.96
|156
|0.96
|-
|[[Polish people|Poles]]
| -
| -
| -
| -
|73
|0.73
|86
|0.54
|93
|0.56
|86
|0.49
|85
|0.53
|-
|[[Lithuanians]]
| -
| -
|24
|0.35
|36
|0.36
|51
|0.32
|79
|0.47
|82
|0.47
|78
|0.48
|-
|unknown
|0
|0.00
|0
|0.00
|0
|0.00
|0
|0.00
|93
|0.56
|14
|0.08
|80
|0.49
|-
|other
|2748
|65.1
|246
|3.58
|122
|1.22
|359
|2.24
|286
|1.71
|292
|1.67
|353
|2.18
|-
!Total
!4223
!100
!6877
!100
!9970
!100
!16052
!100
!16738
!100
!17524
!100
!16170
!100
|}
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in  Maardu (2021) [https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat/rahvaloendus__rel2021__rahvastiku-demograafilised-ja-etno-kultuurilised-naitajad__usk/RL21452]
|label1 = Unaffiliated 
|value1 = 53.2
|color1 = White 
|label2 = Orthodox 
|value2 = 35.7
|color2 = Pink 
|label3 = Lutheran 
|value3 = 4.4
|color3 = DodgerBlue 
|label4 = Others Christians 
|value4 = 3.7
|color4 = LightBlue 
|label5 = Others Religions or Unknown 
|value5 = 2.5
|color5 = Yellow 
|label6 =
|value6 =
|color6 =
}}

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Maarduveneoigeusukirik100906.jpg|Maardu Archangel Michael Church
File:Iru power plant.jpg|[[Iru thermal power plant]]
File:Maardu jarv.jpg|[[Lake Maardu]]
File:Maardu manor.jpg|Maardu manor house
File:Maardu sunset.jpg|Apartment buildings at sunset
File:Veeru street.jpg|Soviet-era apartment buildings
File:Kroodi, Maardu1.jpg|Abandoned factory building in Maardu
File:Kroodi creek.jpg|Kroodi creek
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Maardu Linnameeskond]]
*[[Maardu United]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website}} {{in lang|et}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline}}

{{Cities of Estonia}}
{{Harjumaa}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Estonia]]
[[Category:Populated places in Harju County]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Estonia]]
[[Category:Russian communities]]