View source for MTR Bus

{{short description|Public bus service operated by the MTR corporation}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Use Hong Kong English|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox Bus transit
|name            = MTR Bus
|logo           = HK MTR logo.svg
|logo_size      = 100px
|image          = MTRBus513_506.jpg
|image_size     = 300
|image_caption  = An [[Alexander Dennis Enviro500 MMC]] serving on MTR Bus route 506
|parent                   = [[MTR Corporation]]
|founded                = {{Start date|2007|12|2|df=yes}}
|headquarters        = 
|locale                    =
|service_area         = [[Tuen Mun District]]<br>[[Yuen Long District]]
|service_type   = [[Bus services in Hong Kong#Non-franchised buses|Non-franchised]] bus service
|alliance           =
|routes = 22
|destinations    = 
|stops               = 
|hubs               =
|stations          =
|lounge            =
|fleet                = 165 (December 2020)
|ridership         = 51 million annually (2019)
|fuel_type        = [[Diesel fuel|Diesel]]
|operators   = 
|ceo             =
|website      = www.mtr.com.hk
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| title = MTR Bus
| order = ts
| t = 港鐵巴士
| s = 港铁巴士
| y = 
| j = gong<sup>2</sup> tit<sup>3</sup> baa<sup>1</sup> si<sup>2</sup>
| p = Gǎngtiě bāshì
| hide = yes
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| title = MTR Feeder Bus
| order = ts
| t = 港鐵接駁巴士
| s = 港铁接驳巴士
| y = 
| j = gong<sup>2</sup> tit<sup>3</sup> zip<sup>3</sup> bok<sup>3</sup> baa<sup>1</sup> si<sup>2</sup>
| p = Gǎngtiě jiēbó bāshì
| hide = yes
}}

'''MTR Bus''' (legally '''Northwest Transit Service Area Bus Service''') is a [[public transport|public]] [[Bus services in Hong Kong#Non-franchised buses|non-franchised]] bus service in [[Hong Kong]] operated by the [[MTR Corporation]], serving the northwestern part of the [[New Territories]]. It comprises a network of 22 [[feeder bus]] routes for the convenience of passengers using the [[MTR]] [[rapid transit]] network, providing access to and between many MTR stations on the [[Tuen Ma line]] and [[Light Rail (MTR)|Light Rail]].<ref name=ltbus/>

The service carried approximately 51 million passengers in 2019<ref name=TDannual>{{cite web|title=2021 Annual Transport Digest|url=https://www.td.gov.hk/mini_site/atd/2021/en/section5_12.html|publisher=Transport Department|date=2021}}</ref>  and is integrated with MTR's fare system to allow Tuen Ma line and Light Rail passengers who use [[Octopus card]]s to enjoy the free feeder bus services that link many housing estates along these lines. Along with the Light Rail, the MTR Bus service also plays an important role in the internal transport network of [[Tuen Mun]], [[Yuen Long]] and [[Tin Shui Wai]]. 

The similarly named '''MTR Feeder Bus''' refers to feeder bus routes connecting to [[East Rail line]]. Currently only 4 MTR Feeder Bus routes serving [[Tai Po Market station]] are in operation. While also managed by MTR Corporation's Bus Operations division, the MTR Feeder Bus routes are [[Bus services in Hong Kong#Franchised bus|franchised bus]] routes under [[Kowloon Motor Bus]]'s franchise.

==History==
In the 1980s, the [[Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation]] (KCRC) undertook the construction of operation of a [[Light Rail (MTR)|Light Rail Transit]] (LRT) system in Northwest New Territories. To ensure the financial viability of the LRT system as much as possible, the Hong Kong government established the Northwest Transit Service Area (TSA; 西北鐵路服務範圍, commonly known as 輕鐵專區) within which the KCRC would monopolise all internal public transport services. Upon the commissioning of the LRT system, the incumbent operator [[Kowloon Motor Bus]] (KMB) had to withdraw from all internal routes it was operating in the area, and external routes could not carry passengers travelling solely within the area. 

As the TSA also covers housing estates and remote settlements not directly served by the LRT network, the KCRC believed that it was advantageous for the Corporation itself to have full control of the bus operations that would perform feeder functions to its railways. It was against this backdrop that the KCRC established a Bus Division in 1986, and placed an order for 31 [[MCW Metrobus]] double deckers with [[Metro Cammell Weymann]].<ref name=KCRNews27>{{cite magazine |date=August 1987 |title=KCRC buses to serve the public |magazine=KCR News |location=Hong Kong |publisher=Public Relations Department, Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation}}</ref> The KCR Bus service started operation on 6 September 1987 when it took over route 59B ([[Siu Hong Court]] to [[Butterfly Estate]]) from KMB. The KCRC gradually built up its own bus fleet, and as the LRT service came into operation on 18 September 1988, more of KMB's Tuen Mun and Yuen Long routes were transferred to the KCRC.<ref>{{cite news |date=31 July 1988 |title=屯門輕便鐵路延期通車　八月八日至二十日維持現時巴士服務　九廣鐵路公司派車行走六條線|work=Wah Kiu Yat Po}}</ref>

[[File:MTR e200dart A73.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Alexander Dennis Enviro200]] on MTR Feeder Bus route A73]]
Since the commencement of LRT service, the KCR Bus service had primarily played the role of linking remote housing estates and rural settlements such as [[Tai Lam]] and [[Tai Tong]] to the LRT network. Free interchange was offered to LRT passengers transferring to feeder bus routes, and vice versa. The KCRC Bus Division also operated auxiliary routes that supplements the inadequacies of the LRT service. These A-prefixed routes did not offer interchange concession to LRT passengers. By the mid-1990s, two express bus routes (K1X, K2X) connecting Yuen Long and Tin Shui Wai to the [[Tuen Mun Ferry Pier]] were established to encourage residents to make use of the [[hovercraft]] service to [[Central, Hong Kong|Central]],<ref>{{cite news |date=28 January 1994 |title=New KCRC Bus Routes|work=Daily Information Bulletin|location=Hong Kong|publisher=Government Information Services}}</ref> in order to alleviate the traffic conditions along the heavily overloaded [[Tuen Mun Road]].{{fact|date=July 2023}}

When the [[West Rail line|KCR West Rail]] (later MTR West Rail line and now part of [[Tuen Ma line]]) commenced service in 2003, the KCR Bus service took up the new role of being the feeder transport of the new rail link. The existing feeder and auxiliary bus network were reorganised.{{fact|date=July 2023}}

On 2 December 2007, [[MTR#Partial privatisation and merger|the transport operations of the MTR Corporation and the KCRC were merged]]. The MTRC took over the KCR Bus service and renamed it "MTR Bus".<ref>{{Cite web |title=港鐵巴士部 MTR Bus Division |url=https://qbusfile.com/kcr/kcr.htm |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=qbusfile.com}}</ref>

===MTR Feeder Bus===

==Legal status==
The Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation (KCRC) is, according to the provisions of the ''Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation Ordinance'' (Cap. 372), authorised to operate bus services within the North-west Transit Service Area (TSA),<ref>[https://www.elegislation.gov.hk/hk/cap372 Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation Ordinance (Cap. 372), Section 4(1)(d)]</ref> and is also allowed to charge fares from passengers of such service.<ref>[https://www.elegislation.gov.hk/hk/cap372 Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation Ordinance (Cap. 372), Section 4(2)(e)]</ref> Under the Service Concession Agreement entered into between KCRC and the MTR Corporation (MTRC), the former's rights to operate bus services within the TSA has been granted to the MTRC, as an arrangement enshrined in the ''Mass Transit Railway Ordinance'' (Cap. 556).

==Network==
===MTR Bus===
[[File:MTR Volvo B9TL 11.3m (Wright Gemini Eclipse 2 bodywork) (51702919884).jpg|thumb|The "T Chai Red Leaves Bus" special livery promoting the special routes for Tai Tong [[Liquidambar formosana|Sweet Gum]] Woods]]
{{main|List of bus routes in Hong Kong#MTR Bus (Northwest New Territories)}}

As of January 2023, MTR Bus operates a total of 20 regular routes, including 9 serving [[Tuen Mun District]] and another 11 serving [[Yuen Long District]]. All existing MTR Bus routes are prefixed with K (e.g. K51, K75A) with the sole exception of route 506, which was once a [[Light Rail (MTR)|Light Rail]] route and retained its original numbering after its [[Rail replacement bus service|conversion into a bus service]].<ref name=routelist>{{cite web|url=https://www.mtr.com.hk/en/customer/services/bus_finder_search_box.html|title=Service and Facilities - Bus Info|website=MTR|access-date=30 January 2023}}</ref>

These routes all serve at least one of the following [[Tuen Ma line]] stations: [[Tuen Mun station|Tuen Mun]], [[Siu Hong station|Siu Hong]], [[Tin Shui Wai station|Tin Shui Wai]], [[Long Ping station|Long Ping]] and [[Yuen Long station|Yuen Long]], as well as several Light Rail stops. Passengers may enjoy free travel on MTR Bus routes (except K52A{{refn|group=note|Due to its length, route K52A running between Tuen Mun Station and Tsang Tsui Columbarium charges double the fare of all other MTR Bus routes. Passengers transferring between railway and route K52A buses could only enjoy interchange discount equivalent to half-fare.<ref>{{cite press release |title=MTR Launches New Bus Route K52A Connecting Tuen Mun and Tsang Tsui Columbarium |url=https://www.mtr.com.hk/archive/corporate/en/press_release/PR-21-059-E.pdf |location=Hong Kong |publisher=MTR Corporation Limited |date=10 September 2021 |access-date=2023-01-30}}</ref>}}) if they transfer to or from Tuen Ma line or Light Rail using the same [[Octopus card]].<ref name=ltbus>{{cite web|url=https://www.mtr.com.hk/en/customer/services/lt_bus_index.html|title=Service and Facilities - Light Rail & Bus Services|website=MTR|access-date=30 January 2023}}</ref>

Special routes are also operated in winter for those flocking to the [[Liquidambar formosana|sweet gum]] woods in [[Tai Tong]], when the leaves there turn red.{{fact|date=July 2023}}

===MTR Feeder Bus===
{{main|List of bus routes in Hong Kong#MTR East Rail line Feeder Bus routes}}

The MTR Feeder Bus service currently comprises 4 routes. All existing routes connect to [[Tai Po Market Station]] and are confined to serving within [[Tai Po District]].

==Fleet==
As of December 2020, the MTR Bus fleet is composed of 165 buses.<ref name=TDannual/> The majority of the fleet are diesel-powered double deckers, consisting of the following models:
* [[Alexander Dennis Enviro400]]
* [[Alexander Dennis Enviro500]]
* [[Alexander Dennis Enviro500 MMC]]
* [[Volvo B9TL]]

== Explanatory notes ==
{{NoteFoot}}
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|KCR Bus/MTR Bus|MTR Bus}}
*[http://www.mtr.com.hk/eng/lr_bus/bus_rf_index.html MTR Bus Routes and Fares]
*[http://www.mtr.com.hk/chi/whatsnew/images/MTR_Bus_all_1005.pdf MTR Bus and Feeder Bus Guide]

{{Bus companies of Hong Kong}}
{{MTR}}

[[Category:Bus companies of Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Bus transport in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:MTR|Feeder Bus]]