View source for Luke 24

{{New Testament chapter short description}}
{{Bible chapter|letname=Luke 24|previouslink= Luke 23 |previousletter= chapter 23 |nextlink= John 1 |nextletter= John 1|book= [[Gospel of Luke]] |biblepart=[[New Testament]] | booknum= 3 |category= [[Gospel]] | filename= Papyrus 75a.gif |size=250px | name=Papyrus 75, 175-225 CE |caption=<div style="width: 250px; text-align: center; line-height: 1em">Luke 24:51–53, continued with John 1:1–16, on [[Papyrus 75]], written about AD 175–225</div>}}
'''Luke 24''' is the twenty-fourth and final chapter of the [[Gospel of Luke]] in the [[New Testament]] of the [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Bible]]. The book containing this chapter is [[Anonymity|anonymous]], but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that [[Luke the Evangelist]] composed this [[Gospel]] as well as the [[Acts of the Apostles]].<ref name=Holman>Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.</ref> This chapter records the discovery of the [[Resurrection of Jesus|resurrection]] of [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], his appearances to his [[Disciple (Christianity)|disciples]] and his [[Ascension of Jesus|ascension]] into [[heaven]].<ref name=Halley>Halley, Henry H. ''Halley's Bible Handbook'': an Abbreviated Bible Commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1962.</ref>

==Text==
{{multiple image
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 | image1 = Codex bezae greek.jpg
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 | caption1 = Greek text
 | image2 = Codex Bezae - Latin Luke 23-47-24-1 (The S.S. Teacher's Edition-The Holy Bible - Plate XXVI).jpg
 | caption2 = Latin text
 | footer = Luke 23:47–24:1 in [[Codex Bezae]] (Cambridge University Library MS. Nn.2.41; AD ~400)
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The original text was written in [[Koine Greek]]. Some early [[Biblical manuscript|manuscripts]] containing the text of this chapter are:
*[[Papyrus 75]] (AD 175–225)
*[[Codex Vaticanus]] (325–350)
*[[Codex Sinaiticus]] (330–360)
*[[Codex Bezae]] (~400)
*[[Codex Washingtonianus]] (~400)
*[[Codex Alexandrinus]] (400–440)
*[[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus]] (~450; extant verses 1–6, 46–53).

[[Chapters and verses of the Bible|This chapter is divided into]] 53 verses.

=={{Anchor|Verses 1–12}}Resurrection morning (verses 1–12)==
===Context===
The narrative in chapter 24 continues the events concluding chapter 23 without a break:<ref name=nicoll>[[William Robertson Nicoll|Nicoll, W. R.]], [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/egt/luke/24.htm The Expositor's Greek Testament] on Luke 24, accessed on 7 November 2023</ref>{{quote|It was the day of Preparation, and the sabbath was beginning. The women who had come with him from Galilee followed, and they saw the tomb and how his body was laid. Then they returned, and prepared spices and ointments ... But on the first day of the week, at early dawn, they came to the tomb, taking the spices that they had prepared. They found the stone rolled away from the tomb|{{bibleverse|Luke|23:54-24:2}} ([[New Revised Standard Version]])}}

===Verse 1===
:''Now upon the first day of the week, very early in the morning, they came unto the sepulchre, bringing the spices which they had prepared, and certain others with them.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:1|KJV}}: King James Version</ref>
[[Frederic Farrar]], in the [[Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges]], suggests that the words "certain others" are "probably spurious", not being part of the text in the [[Codex Sinaiticus]], [[Codex Vaticanus]], [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus]] or [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|Codex Regius]] manuscripts.<ref>Farrar, F. W. (1891), [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/cambridge/luke/24.htm Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges] on Luke 24, accessed 27 July 2018</ref>
{{multiple image
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 | header            = Traditional sites of [[Empty tomb|Jesus' tomb]]
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 | image1            = The Garden Tomb 2008.jpg
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 | footer            = Left: outside of [[Garden Tomb]]; right: inside of the [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre]]
}}

===Verse 2===
:''They found the stone rolled away from the tomb,''<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:2|ESV}}: [[English Standard Version]]</ref>
The positioning of a stone outside the tomb is mentioned in the accounts of Jesus' burial in [[Matthew's Gospel|Matthew]] and [[Mark's Gospel|Mark]], but not in Luke.<ref name=nicoll />

===Verse 3===
:''but when they went in they did not find the body.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:3|RSV}}: Revised Standard Version</ref>
Some ancient authorities add "of the Lord Jesus"; these words are included in many English translations.<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:3|NKJV}}: New King James Version</ref>

===Verse 10===
[[File:Codex Vaticanus end or Luke.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Ending of [[Gospel of Luke|Luke]] and Beginning of [[Gospel of John|John]] on the same page of [[Codex Vaticanus]] ({{circa}} 300–325)]]
[[File:Codex Alexandrinus f41v - Luke.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Folio 41v of [[Codex Alexandrinus]] ({{circa}} 400–440) containing the ending of the [[Gospel of Luke]]]]
:''Now it was Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and the other women with them, who told these things to the apostles''.<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:10|ESV}}: ESV</ref>
The women who had come with Jesus from Galilee, as listed in [[Luke 8#The women who sustained Jesus (verses 1–3)|Luke 8:2-3]], included "Mary Magdalene, [[Joanna, wife of Chuza|Joanna]], [[Mary, mother of James|Mary the mother of James]], and many others:<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|8:2-3|ESV}}: ESV</ref> these who provided material sustenance to Jesus during his travels. The names of some women are mentioned in the other gospels, but only Luke's gospel mentions Joanna, implying that Luke receives his special information from "one (most likely Joanna) or more than one of" the women.{{sfn|Bauckham|2017|p=131}} In [[Luke 8:1–3]] Mary called Magdalene, Joanna the wife of Chuza, and [[Susanna (disciple)|Susanna]] are named as women , along with other unnamed women.

While [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]], [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] and [[Gospel of John|John]] mentioned the names of the women present at the cross, Luke only refers them as "the women who had followed him from Galilee" ({{bibleverse|Luke|23:49}}), but he names the women at the end in the story of the women's visit to the [[empty tomb]] (Luke 24:10).{{sfn|Bauckham|2017|p=131}} The two passages with the names of some women alongside the mention of the [[Apostles in the New Testament|"twelve" and "apostles"]], respectively ([[Luke 8:1–3]] and Luke 24:10), "form a literary ''inclusio''" which brackets the major part of Jesus' ministry (leaving out only the earliest part of it).{{sfn|Bauckham|2017|p=131}}{{efn|Luke has another bigger ''inclusio'' using Simon Peter as "both the first and the last disciple to be named in his Gospel" ({{bibleverse|Luke|4:38}}; {{bibleverse|Luke|24:34}}), similar to Mark.{{sfn|Bauckham|2017|p=131}}}}

===Verse 12===
:''But Peter arose and ran to the tomb; and stooping down, he saw the linen cloths lying by themselves; and he departed, marveling to himself at what had happened.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:12|NKJV}} NKJV</ref>
This verse and verse 34, ''"The Lord is risen indeed, and has appeared to Simon!"'', suggest that [[Saint Peter|Peter]] (alone) went to the tomb, whereas verse 24, ''And certain of those who were with us went to the tomb and found it just as the women had said'', implies more than one person.<ref name=meyer />

American biblical scholar Kim Dreisbach states that {{langx|el|οθονια}} (''othonia''), translated here as "linen cloths", is "a word of uncertain meaning ... probably best translated as a generic plural for grave clothes". The same word is used in {{bibleverse|John|19:40|9}}.<ref>[http://greatshroudofturinfaq.com/Definitions/Othonia.html The Definitive Shroud of Turin FAQ], accessed 27 July 2018</ref>

=={{Anchor|Verses 13–35}}The road to Emmaus (verses 13–35)==
{{Main|Road to Emmaus appearance}}
{{bibleverse|Luke|24:13-35|9}} describes Jesus' appearance to two disciples who are walking from Jerusalem to Emmaus, which is said to be 60 [[Stadion (unit)|stadia]] (10.4 to 12&nbsp;km, depending on the definition of ''stadion'' is used) from Jerusalem. One of the disciples is named [[Cleopas]] (verse 18), while his companion remains unnamed.

=={{Anchor|Verses 36–49}}Jesus appears to the apostles (verses 36–49)==
===Verse 36===
:''Now as they said these things, Jesus Himself stood in the midst of them, and said to them, "Peace to you."''<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:36|NKJV}}: [[New King James Version|NKJV]]</ref>
*"Peace to you" ([[King James Version|KJV]]: "Peace be unto you"): rendering the Greek phrase {{lang|grc|εἰρήνη ὑμῖν}}, ''{{Strong-number|eirēnē|G|1515}} {{Strong-number|hymin|G|4771}}'',<ref>[https://biblehub.com/text/luke/24-36.htm Luke 24:36 Greek text analysis]. Biblehub.</ref> which is a literal translation of the customary Jewish salutation {{lang|he|שָׁלוֹם לָכֶם}}, ''shalom lekom'' (cf. {{Bibleverse|Matthew|10:12|9}}; [[Luke 10]]{{bibleverse|Luke|10:5|9|:5}}).<ref name=meyer>Meyer, Heinrich August Wilhelm (1880). [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/meyer/luke/24.htm ''Commentary on the New Testament.'' Luke 24]. Translation by Peter Christie from Meyer's sixth edition. Accessed February 14, 2019.</ref><ref name="ellicott">[[Charles Ellicott|Ellicott, C. J.]] (Ed.) (1905). [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/ellicott/luke/24.htm ''Ellicott's Bible Commentary for English Readers''. Luke 24.] London : Cassell and Company, Limited, [1905–1906] Online version: (OCoLC) 929526708. Accessed 28 April 2019.</ref> This account agrees with [[John 20:19]], which notes that "the doors of the room had been closed for fear of the Jews".<ref name=meyer/><ref name=ellicott/>

<!--===Verse 37===
:''They were fearful and terrified and thought they were seeing a ghost.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:37|NCV}}: [[New Century Version|NCV]]</ref>

-->=={{Anchor|Verses 50–53}}The ascension of Jesus (verses 50–53)==
{{main|Ascension of Jesus}}
===Verse 51===
:''Now it came to pass, while He blessed them, that He was parted from them and carried up into heaven.''<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:51|NKJV}}: NKJV</ref>
The words "and carried up into [[heaven]]" are not included in some ancient texts of the gospel.<ref>Footnote ''g'' in the [[New Revised Standard Version]] at Luke 24:51</ref>

===Verse 53===
[[File:CodexBrixianusExplicitLuke.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The end (explicit) of the [[Gospel of Luke]] in [[Codex Brixianus]] from 6th century]] 
:''and were continually in the temple praising and blessing God. Amen.'' <ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|24:53|KJV}}: KJV</ref>
Luke's gospel ends where it [[Luke 1|began]],<ref>{{bibleverse|Luke|1:9|KJV}}</ref> in the [[Second Temple|temple]].<ref>[[Jerusalem Bible]] (1966), footnote at Luke 24:53</ref>

The [[King James Version]] ends with the word "[[Amen]]", following the [[Textus Receptus]], but modern critical editions of the New Testament exclude this word, as do many modern English translations.<ref>[[BibleGateway.com]], [https://www.biblegateway.com/verse/en/Luke%2024:53 Translations of Luke 24:53]</ref> In a [[Codex Bezae|manuscript copy]] of [[Theodore Beza|Beza]]'s, there are the added words:
:''The Gospel according to Saint Luke was published fifteen years after the ascension of Christ''.<ref>Gill, J., [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/gill/luke/24.htm Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible] on Luke 24, accessed 28 July 2018</ref>

This tradition also known to the 11th-century [[Byzantine]] bishop [[Theophylact of Ohrid]].<ref>Theophylact of Ohrid, [https://www.chrysostompress.org/explanation_matthew_preface.html Preface to the Gospel of Matthew] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728101316/https://www.chrysostompress.org/explanation_matthew_preface.html |date=2018-07-28 }}, accessed 28 July 2018</ref>

==See also==
* [[Ascension of Jesus]]
* [[Emmaus]]
* [[Holy Week]]
* [[Jerusalem]]
* [[Ministry of Jesus]]
* [[Overview of resurrection appearances in the Gospels and Paul]]
* [[Relics associated with Jesus]]
* [[Shroud of Turin]]
* [[Sudarium of Oviedo]]
* Related [[Bible]] parts: [[Matthew 28]], [[Mark 16]], [[Luke 8]], [[Luke 23]], [[John 20]], [[Acts 1]], [[Acts 2]], [[1 Corinthians 15]]

{{Chapters in the Gospel of Luke}}
==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book| last=Bauckham| first= Richard | author-link= Richard Bauckham |title =Jesus and the Eyewitnesses | edition = 2nd | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing | year = 2017 | isbn = 9780802874313 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=J2lAvgAACAAJ}}

== External links ==
*{{bibleverse|Luke|24|KJV}} King James Bible - Wikisource
*[http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=1&b=3&c=24 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617094053/http://latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=1&b=3&c=24 |date=2019-06-17 }}
*[http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=Luke+24 ''Online Bible'' at GospelHall.org] (ESV, KJV, Darby, [[American Standard Version]], [[Bible in Basic English]])
*[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=49&chapter=24 Multiple bible versions at ''Bible Gateway''] (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)

{{sequence
| prev = [[Luke 23]]
| list = Chapters of the Bible<br />[[Gospel of Luke]]
| next = [[John 1]]
}}
{{Gospel of Luke}}

[[Category:Gospel of Luke chapters]]
[[Category:Resurrection of Jesus in the New Testament]]
[[Category:Post-resurrection appearances of Jesus]]
[[Category:Ascension of Jesus]]