View source for London station group

{{Short description|Station group}}
{{redirect|London railway station|the station in Canada|London station (Ontario)|other stations|List of London railway stations}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2012}}
{{image frame
|content={{Photomontage
| photo1a = Euston Station London - geograph.org.uk - 1309275.jpg{{!}}Euston
| photo1b = King's Cross station, August 2014.jpg{{!}}King's Cross
| photo2a = Paddington Station-4269161-by-Oast-House-Archive.jpg{{!}}Paddington
| photo2b = Liverpool Street Station Concourse, London, UK - Diliff.jpg{{!}}Liverpool Street
| photo3a = Waterloo Station Victory Arch.jpg{{!}}Waterloo
| photo3b = London January 5 2018 (47) London Bridge Station (38813334494).jpg{{!}}London Bridge
| size = 250
| spacing = 8
| color = #f9f9f9
| color_border = #252525
| border = 0
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| width = 266
| caption = Six terminal stations in London. Clockwise from top left: {{rws|Euston}}, [[London King's Cross railway station|King's Cross]], {{stn|Liverpool Street}}, {{stn|London Bridge}}, [[London Waterloo station|Waterloo]] and [[London Paddington station|Paddington]].
}}

The '''London station group''' is a [[Station group (railway)|group]] of 18 railway stations served by the [[National Rail]] network in [[central London]], England. The group contains all 14 [[Train station#Terminus|terminal stations]] in central London, either serving major national services or local commuter routes, and 4 other through-stations that are considered terminals for ticketing purposes. All current stations in the group fall within [[List of stations in London fare zone 1|London fare zone 1]]. A ticket marked "London Terminals" allows travel to any station in the group via any permitted route, as determined by the [[National Routeing Guide]].

Most London terminal stations were developed in the mid-19th century during the initial boom of rail transport. Many stations were built around the edge of central London, stopping at what is now the [[London Inner Ring Road]], because it was prohibitively expensive to build right into the centre, and because each railway was owned by a private company competing with the others. The creation of the [[London Underground]] provided a practical connection to the various terminals, which continues to be the case as of the 21st century. Many of the stations have been upgraded and modernised to provide a greater capacity and connections to the network; the first London terminal, [[London Bridge railway station|London Bridge]] has been rebuilt and expanded on numerous occasions, and of the major 19th century terminals, only [[Broad Street railway station (England)|Broad Street]] and [[Holborn Viaduct railway station|Holborn Viaduct]] have closed. The latter was replaced by the nearby [[City Thameslink railway station|City Thameslink]].

The London terminals had a significant impact on the local area. Originally, the demolition of poor properties, particularly south of the [[River Thames]], caused blight and deprived areas around the station. This has changed in the 21st century, where development around the main terminals has been well-received and attracted occupants and businesses.

==Definition==
[[File:Major railway stations of London map.svg|thumb|350px|Map showing the thirteen major railway stations and termini of central London]]
Until 1970, railway tickets to London were issued to a specific named terminal. From April of that year, [[British Rail Southern Region|Southern Region]] terminals were grouped together as a "notional common station" called "LONDON S.R.";<ref name=JTTS-565-63>{{cite journal|title=Season and associated tickets from 40 years of commuting|date=February 2011|journal=Journal of the Transport Ticket Society|issue=565|page= 63|issn=0144-347X}}</ref> tickets issued to this destination were valid to Blackfriars, Cannon Street, Charing Cross, Holborn Viaduct, London Bridge, Vauxhall, Victoria, Waterloo and Waterloo East.<ref name=SPM28>{{cite book|title=Selective Prices Manual Number 28|publisher=[[British Railways Board]]|location=London|chapter=2.2: Journeys from or to London|page=A2}}</ref> <!-- LONDON S.R. and LONDON BR (see next sentence) coexisted in 1984, presumably for legacy reasons (using up old ticket stock); the next fares manual in January 1985 had no mention of LONDON S.R. -->  The concept was extended to the rest of London's terminals with effect from [[British Rail]]'s fares update of May 1983, when the London station group was created: "as part of the progress towards simplification of routes and a reduction of [separate fares] ... a common origin/destination of LONDON BR has been adopted for most London fares".<ref name=SPM27>{{cite book|title=Selective Prices Manual Number 27|date=22 May 1983|publisher=[[British Railways Board]]|location=London|chapter=1.5: Routeing of Tickets|page=A3}}</ref> Tickets to the London station group were issued to "LONDON BR" until January 1989, when the name "LONDON BRIT RAIL" was adopted.<ref name="BRSC124-7">{{cite journal|date=21 January 1989|title=Section 4.1: "London Brit Rail"|journal=British Rail Sales Circular|location=Swindon|publisher=[[British Rail]] Sales Communications Unit|publication-date=15 June 1989|issue=124|pages= 7}}</ref> After the [[privatisation of British Rail]], the name "LONDON" on its own was used from the end of 1997<ref name=JTTS-409-59>{{cite journal|title=Station Groups|date=February 1998|journal=Journal of the Transport Ticket Society|issue=409|page= 59|issn=0144-347X}}</ref> until April 1998, when the present designation "LONDON TERMINALS" was introduced.<ref name=JTTS-413-218>{{cite journal|title=Station Groups|date=June 1998|journal=Journal of the Transport Ticket Society|issue=413|page= 218|issn=0144-347X}}</ref>

All stations in the London group are in [[List of stations in London fare zone 1|London fare zone 1]] and most are at the end of a railway line. This includes major national terminals such as {{rws|Waterloo}}, {{rws|Paddington}}, {{rws|Euston}} and [[London King's Cross railway station|King's Cross]], and local commuter terminals such as {{rws|Cannon Street}} and {{rws|Moorgate}}. In addition, the group includes four stations ({{rws|City Thameslink}}, {{rws|Old Street}}, {{rws|Vauxhall}} and {{rws|Waterloo East}}) that are not technically terminals but are used enough as a destination by National Rail to be considered appropriate as a "London Terminal" for ticketing purposes.<ref name=nr/><ref name="managed stations">{{Cite web|url=http://www.networkrail.co.uk/aspx/765.aspx|title=Stations Run by Network Rail|publisher=[[Network Rail]]|year=2011|access-date=23 August 2011}}</ref>{{efn|Although {{rws|Farringdon}} is permitted as a stop on a ticket for a journey on any [[Thameslink]] service, it is not valid on any "London Terminals" ticket unlike the neighbouring stations on that route.<ref name=nr/>}}  The composition of the group has changed several times since 1983, when 18 stations were included: Blackfriars, Broad Street, Cannon Street, Charing Cross, Euston, Fenchurch Street, Holborn Viaduct, Kings Cross, Kings Cross Midland City, Liverpool Street, London Bridge, Marylebone, Moorgate, Paddington, St Pancras, Vauxhall, Victoria and Waterloo.<ref name=SPM27/> Waterloo East was included separately from January 1984.<ref name=SPM28/> Two years later, Moorgate was dropped from the group in favour of Old Street, and Kensington Olympia was included;<ref name=NRM32>{{cite book|title=National Fares Manual Number 32|date=12 January 1986|publisher=[[British Railways Board]]|location=London|chapter=2.12: Common "BR" Stations|page=A3}}</ref> this was in connection with its upgrade in early 1986 to an [[InterCity]] station with regular British Rail services from northwest England to the south coast.<ref name=JTTS-266-78>{{cite journal|title=Kensington Olympia|date=February 1986|journal=Journal of the Transport Ticket Society|issue=266|page= 78|issn=0144-347X}}</ref><ref name=JTTS-271-291>{{cite journal|title=Kensington Olympia Returns to the InterCity Network|date=July 1986|journal=Journal of the Transport Ticket Society|issue=271|page= 291|issn=0144-347X}}</ref> Moorgate was reinstated as a member of the group in May 1988,<ref name=NRM39>{{cite book|title=National Fares Manual Number 39|date=15 May 1988|publisher=[[British Railways Board]]|location=London|chapter=A: Using the National Fares Manual|page=A5}}</ref> and Kensington Olympia was removed from the list in May 1994 as British Rail decided to make fares to and from the station identical to those of neighbouring station {{stnlnk|Willesden Junction}}.<ref name=NRM57>{{cite book|title=National Fares Manual Number 57|date=29 May 1994|publisher=[[British Railways Board]]|location=London|chapter=General Notes|at=Unpaginated}}</ref>

Tickets issued to "LONDON TERMINALS" can be used to travel from the station of origin to any London terminal that can be reached via a permitted route as defined by the [[National Routeing Guide]].  For example, a journey from {{rws|Brighton}} can use such a ticket to take a train to several different London terminals, including {{rws|London Bridge}}, {{rws|London Charing Cross}}, {{rws|London Cannon Street}}, [[London Victoria station|Victoria]], {{rws|Blackfriars}}, City Thameslink or Waterloo via {{rws|Clapham Junction}}.<ref name=nr>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308032631/https://www.nationalrail.co.uk/times_fares/ticket_types/Travelling-to-london.aspx#Terminals|archive-date=8 March 2023|url-status=dead|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/times_fares/ticket_types/46587.aspx#terminals|title='London Terminal' stations|publisher=Network Rail|access-date=12 September 2017}}</ref> The ticket cannot be used to travel to any station using any non-National Rail modes of transport, including the [[London Underground]], [[Docklands Light Railway]] or [[London Buses]]. Therefore, a journey from Brighton cannot use a "London Terminals" ticket to travel to Euston or Paddington, as there is no permitted route to them using National Rail services alone.<ref name=nr/><ref name=NE319>{{cite journal|title=Travel to/from London Terminals & London Thameslink and tickets with "Cross-London" validity|url=http://www.atoctravelagents.org/clientfiles/File/NRE/NE_319.pdf|journal=Newsrail Express|issue=319|pages= 3–4|date=22 July 2006|publication-date=16 July 2006|publisher=[[Rail Delivery Group|Association of Train Operating Companies]]|location=London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228152721/https://www.atoctravelagents.org/clientfiles/File/NRE/NE_319.pdf|archive-date=28 February 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> The concept of permitted routes did not exist until the National Routeing Guide was introduced in 1996:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/ConWebDoc.5492 |year=1996 |title=Routeing Guide defines "reasonable" rail routes for the first time |publisher=Office of Rail Regulation |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041029045405/http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/ConWebDoc.5492 |archivedate=29 October 2004 }}</ref> British Rail used the term "reasonable route", and in respect of the London station group merely stated that journeys between the origin station and London were "subject to normal route availabilities".<ref name=SPM28/>

==Background==
[[File:London bridge viaduct.JPG|thumb|left|The first London terminal station, {{rws|London Bridge}}, in 1836]]
The first London terminal stations were built in the late 1830s (starting with London Bridge in 1836) and the early to mid 1840s. Those north of the Thames came up to the edge of richly-developed property that was too expensive to demolish, while property south of the river contained slums and cheap property, making it easier to have terminal stations close to the City and West End, both the main desired areas.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=17}} The solicitor and railway planner [[Charles Pearson]] proposed a main central station at {{stn|Farringdon}}, which would connect out to all branch lines.{{sfn|Martin|2013|p=22}} In 1846, the [[Royal Commission on Metropolitan Railway Termini]] was established to see if it was appropriate to bring the terminal stations any further and possibly connect with each other, as per Pearson's plans. The report concluded this was unnecessary, a single terminal was undesirable as it would create too much congestion and it was too expensive to demolish remaining property in the way.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|pp=16–17}}{{sfn|Martin|2013|p=24}}

The Royal Commission recommended that no new stations should be built in the [[West End of London]] or the city, and that the [[New Road, London|New Road]] should be the northern boundary of railway development.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=17}}{{sfn|Martin|2013|p=24}} This created competition between the individual railway companies, who could promote new terminals with individual financial backers.{{sfn|Ball|Sunderland|2002|p=213}} Exemptions were made for the [[Great Eastern Railway]] and [[North London Railway]] with {{stn|Liverpool Street}} and {{rws|Broad Street|England}} respectively.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=19}} The only main railway line built across Central London was the [[London, Chatham and Dover Railway]] (LCDR) line connecting Blackfriars to Farringdon via [[Snow Hill Tunnel (London)|Snow Hill Tunnel]] in 1866.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=23}}

[[File:20110602 London 11.JPG|thumb|The distinctive Gothic architecture of [[St Pancras railway station]] survived demolition, unlike neighbouring {{rws|Euston}}.]]
Railway construction in London reached a peak between the mid-1850s and 1870s, where an estimated £40 million (£{{inflation|UK|40|1874|fmt=c}} million as of {{inflation-year|UK}}) was spent constructing routes around the capital. The competition between terminals led to increased costs and financial overruns. Around £2 million (£{{inflation|UK|2|1874}} million as of {{inflation-year|UK}}) was spent constructing the final approach of the GER main line from the original terminal at {{rws|Bishopsgate}} to Liverpool Street, while the extension from London Bridge to Cannon Street and {{rws|Charing Cross}} cost £4 million (£{{inflation|UK|4|1874}} million as of {{inflation-year|UK}}). The construction of the LCDR's line via Blackfriars and Farringdon almost bankrupted the company and left it in financial ruin for the rest of its existence.{{sfn|Ball|Sunderland|2002|pp=213–214}} The 1864 [[Joint committee (legislative)|Joint Committee]] on Railway Schemes (Metropolis) decided that, following the success of the underground [[Metropolitan Railway]], that a circular railway should be built to connect the terminals, which eventually became the [[Circle line (London Underground)|Circle line]], though it was not completed until 1884.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|pp=19,21}}

By 1870, the boom in building London terminals had finished.{{sfn|Ball|Sunderland|2002|p=215}} The final one to open was the [[Great Central Railway]]'s {{rws|Marylebone}}, in 1899.{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=36}} By this time, around {{convert|776|acre|sqmi km2|2|abbr=in}}, or 5.4% of land in the central zone of London was owned by railway companies, more than the [[Corporation of London]].{{sfn|Ball|Sunderland|2002|p=214}}<ref>{{cite book|title=What Price the Poor?: William Booth, Karl Marx and the London Residuum|first=Ann|last=Woodall|date=15 May 2017|publisher=Routledge|page=132|isbn=978-1-351-87316-1}}</ref>

[[File:Broad Street station exterior geograph-3270123-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg|thumb|left|[[Broad Street railway station (England)|Broad Street station]] was one of the few in the London station group to be closed and demolished.]]
The problem of connecting the various London terminals was ultimately resolved by the development of the Underground. The Metropolitan Railway, which opened in 1863, was designed to connect Paddington with King's Cross.{{sfn|Wolmar|2012|p=30}} The Circle Line was designed specifically to connect the London terminals together.{{sfn|Wolmar|2012|pp=69–70}} All terminal stations had at least one underground connection by 1913, except {{rws|Fenchurch Street}}, {{rws|Ludgate Hill}} and {{rws|Holborn Viaduct}}.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=21}} As an alternative to the tube, buses have connected the various terminals. In 1928, the [[Southern Railway (UK)|Southern Railway]], [[London and North Eastern Railway]] and [[Great Western Railway]] began to provide dedicated buses between their terminals for [[Pullman train (UK)|Pullman]] and Continental trains. These were taken over by the [[London Passenger Transport Board]] (LPTB) upon its formation in 1933, and replaced with regular bus services. From 1936, the LPTB supplied purpose-build 20-seater coaches for this services, with large luggage boots and a flat fare of 1/- (£{{inflation|UK|0.05|1936|r=2}} as of {{inflation-year|UK}}). These were suspended during [[World War II]]. All stations except Fenchurch Street and Blackfriars provided integrated taxi services on opening. These originally had dedicated access roads to the station platforms when cabs were horse-drawn, while later purpose-built roads were built for road traffic.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=22}}

In the early 20th century, stations were expanded and upgraded to fit demand.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=26}} Six terminal stations (Victoria, Waterloo, Euston, Cannon Street, Blackfriars and London Bridge) have been completely rebuilt and London Bridge has seen multiple rebuilds.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=27}} Although the modern concept of [[listed buildings]] had been introduced with the 1947 [[Town and Country Planning Act 1947]], stations were not high priority to be listed.{{sfn|Minnis|2011|p=27}} While some had impressive facades and entrances, Victorian stations were not looked upon favourably in the 1960s and had become gradually neglected.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=27}}{{sfn|Minnis|2011|p=13}} One of the most significant examples was the demolition of the [[Euston Arch]] in 1962 as part of modernisation works to the station, while the area around Kings Cross became run-down. An important exception was the Victorian Gothic structure of {{rws|St Pancras}}, which became a Grade I [[listed building]] in 1967 after being threatened with demolition.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=29}}<ref>{{NHLE|num=1342037|desc=St Pancras Station and Former Midland Grand Hotel, Euston Road|access-date=2 March 2018}}</ref> Similarly, King's Cross and Paddington became Grade I listed in 1954 and 1961 respectively.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1078328|desc=King's Cross Station|access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{NHLE|num=1066881|desc=Paddington Station|access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref>

In 1986, Broad Street, which had been a major London terminal for local and commuter services, closed.{{sfn|Butt|1995|p=191}} It was feared that Marylebone and St Pancras would follow, but both have been revitalised; the former became an alternative terminal for services to [[Oxford]] and [[Birmingham]]{{sfn|Simmons|Biddle|1997|p=33}} while the latter is now the main entry point for [[Eurostar]] services via the [[Channel Tunnel]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/gallery/2007/nov/07/transportintheuk|title=The opening of St Pancras International Station|newspaper=The Guardian|date=7 November 2007|access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref>

==Cultural impact==
[[File:Great Suffolk Street, SE1 (3) - geograph.org.uk - 470890.jpg|thumb|The building of railway lines into London took up a substantial amount of land, particularly south of the Thames.]]
The various terminal stations began to affect their surrounding area once built. Those displaced by the railways crammed into whatever existing accommodation was available, creating slums, and the immediate area around the stations were filled with cheap souvenir shops and prostitutes. Conversely, the middle class moved out into suburbs which now had easy access to Central London via train, and railway traffic increased.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=24}} Around 76,000 people lost their homes between 1853 and 1901 as a direct result of rail expansion.<ref>{{cite book|title=Railways and the Western European Capitals: Studies of Implantation in London, Paris, Berlin, and Brussels|first=M|last=Nilsen|publisher=Springer|year=2008|page=29|isbn=978-0-230-61577-9}}</ref> The area around Waterloo had already become notorious for prostitution by the time the station was built, which was eventually cleared away in 1867 when the [[London and South Western Railway]] made a [[compulsory purchase order]] for the properties and demolished them, to accommodate an expanded station.<ref>{{cite book|title=London in the Nineteenth Century: 'a Human Awful Wonder of God'|first=Jerry|last=White|page=296|publisher=Random House|year=2006|isbn=978-1-84-792447-6}}</ref> A significant exception was the later-constructed Marylebone, while Charing Cross was less affected by slum building than neighbouring stations.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=24}}

Around [[Battersea]] and [[New Cross]], railway lines and interchanges occupied about {{convert|300|acres|ha}} of available space. The low-income property that was destroyed by building the stations was generally not replaced, and consequently the remaining accommodation became overcrowded.{{sfn|Ball|Sunderland|2002|p=215}} The proliferation of railway lines south of the Thames is why the Underground has more lines north of the river, as it did not have alternative overground services.{{sfn|Wolmar|2012|p=14}}

In contrast to the 19th century impact of stations, newer developments have seen [[gentrification]] of the areas around them. Both Kings Cross and St Pancras stations have been modernised in the 21st century, and are now better regarded. Many goods sheds have been removed, and the area surrounding the stations includes a natural swimming pool, and numerous new apartments.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/kings-cross-london-center-of-cool/index.html|title=Why King's Cross is London's new center of cool|first=Will|last=Self|author-link=Will Self|publisher=CNN|date=4 October 2016|access-date=11 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/feb/06/luxury-flats-birdsong-regeneration-green-space-labour-council-st-pancras|title=Luxury flats instead of birdsong: can regeneration ever be the right thing?|first=Patrick|last=Barkham|newspaper=The Guardian|date=6 February 2017|access-date=11 February 2018}}</ref>

The four former London and North Eastern Railway terminals (King's Cross, Marylebone, Fenchurch Street and Liverpool Street) are the stations on a standard British ''[[Monopoly (game)|Monopoly]]'' board.{{sfn|Moore|2003|p=159}}

==Group members==
{{GeoGroup}}

===Current stations===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style=font-size:85%;
! rowspan=2 scope="col"|Station
! rowspan=2 class="unsortable" scope="col"|Image
! rowspan=2 scope="col"|Location
! rowspan=2 scope="col"|Coordinates
! rowspan=2 scope="col"|Original owner
! rowspan=2 scope="col"|Managed <br />by
! rowspan=2 scope="col"|London <br />services
! rowspan=2|National services
! rowspan=2 scope="col" data-sort-type="number"|Annual entry/exit (millions) <small>(as of 2023/24)</small><ref name="stats">{{cite web | url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/statistics/usage/estimates-of-station-usage | title=Station usage | publisher=[[Office of Rail and Road]] | access-date=18 December 2017 }}</ref>{{efn|The figure shows a green "up" arrow for an increase from the previous year, and a red "down" arrow for a decrease.}}
! rowspan=2 scope="col"|Opening<br />date
! colspan=2 scope="col"|Platforms{{efn|Not including London Underground}}
! rowspan=2 scope="col"|[[United Kingdom railway station categories|Category]]{{efn|The category is set by the [[Department for Transport]] and runs in decreasing order of importance from A (national hub) to F (unstaffed).<ref name="better dft">{{cite report
|url=http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/passenger/stations/betterrailstations/pdf/parta.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606011046/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/passenger/stations/betterrailstations/pdf/parta.pdf|title=Part A: Consistent Standards|page=15|year=2009|publisher=Department for Transport|work=Better Rail Stations|archive-date=6 June 2011|access-date=3 April 2014}}</ref>}}
|-
! scope="col" | Terminal
! scope="col" | Through
|-
! scope="row"| [[Blackfriars station|Blackfriars]]
| [[File:Blackfriars station main entrance.JPG|75px]]
| [[City of London]]
| {{coord|51.511|-0.103|type:railwaystation|name=Blackfriars}}
| [[London, Chatham and Dover Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Thameslink and Great Northern|Thameslink]]
| NW, N, S, SE
| [[Thameslink]], [[Gatwick Airport]], [[Luton Airport]]
| 13.946 {{increase}}
| {{dts|10 May 1886}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|2}}<ref name=blackfriars>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-blackfriars-station-plan?rtnloc=bfr|title=Blackfriars|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|2}}<ref name=blackfriars/>
| A<ref name=catas>{{cite web|url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/6fdea5fc-b5f7-4369-8270-c2efffb8523f|archive-url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20141106181459mp_/http://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/6fdea5fc%2Db5f7%2D4369%2D8270%2Dc2efffb8523f|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2014|title=Station stewardship measure for category A stations|publisher=Office of Rail and Road|access-date=22 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cannon Street station|Cannon Street]]
| [[File:Cannon Street station.jpg|75px]]
| [[City of London]]
| {{coord|51.510|-0.090|type:railwaystation|name=Cannon Street}}
| [[South Eastern Railway, UK|South Eastern Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| SE
| [[Kent]], [[East Sussex]]
| 7.102 {{increase}}
| {{dts|1 September 1866}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|7}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-cannon-street-station-plan|title=London Cannon Street|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Charing Cross railway station|Charing Cross]]
| [[File:Charing Cross stn building from platforms.JPG|75px]]
| [[City of Westminster|Westminster]]
| {{coord|51.507|-0.123|type:railwaystation|name=Charing Cross}}
| [[South Eastern Railway, UK|South Eastern Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| SE
| [[Kent]], [[East Sussex]]
| 17.701 {{increase}}
| {{dts|11 January 1864}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|6}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-charing-cross-station-plan|title=London Charing Cross|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[City Thameslink railway station|City Thameslink]]
| [[File:City Thameslink stn Ludgate Hill entrance.JPG|75px]]
| [[City of London]]
| {{coord|51.516|-0.103|type:railwaystation|name=City Thameslink}}
| [[British Rail]] ([[Network SouthEast]])
| [[Thameslink and Great Northern|Thameslink]]
| NW, N, S, SE
| [[Thameslink]], [[Gatwick Airport]], [[Luton Airport]]
| 7.040 {{increase}}
| {{dts|30 May 1990}}<ref>{{cite news|title=City rail link inaugurated|newspaper=The Times|location=London, England|date=31 May 1990|page=25|access-date=14 August 2017|url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=kccl&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=BasicSearchForm&docId=IF500294463&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| {{nts|2}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/city-thameslink-station-plan?rtnloc=ctk|title=City Thameslink|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| D<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/c75f8e98-c1a9-4c1b-b179-b4bb2e56af32|archive-url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20141106181633mp_/http://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/c75f8e98%2Dc1a9%2D4c1b%2Db179%2Db4bb2e56af32|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2014|title=Station stewardship measure for category D stations|publisher=Office of Rail and Road|access-date=22 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Euston railway station|Euston]]
| [[File:Euston station facade.jpg|75px]]
| [[London Borough of Camden|Camden]]
| {{coord|51.528|-0.133|type:railwaystation|name=Euston}}
| [[London and Birmingham Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| NW
| [[West Coast Main Line]]
| 36.185 {{increase}}
| {{dts|20 July 1837}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|18}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-euston-station-plan|title=London Euston|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fenchurch Street railway station|Fenchurch Street]]
| [[File:Fenchurch street station.jpg|75px]]
| [[City of London]]
| {{coord|51.511|-0.078|type:railwaystation|name=Fenchurch Street}}
| [[London and Blackwall Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[c2c]]
| E
| [[Southend-on-Sea]]
| 10.447 {{increase}}
| {{dts|2 August 1841}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|4}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations_destinations/stations-made-easy/london-fenchurch-street-station-plan|title=London Fenchurch Street|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[London King's Cross railway station|Kings Cross]]
| [[File:King's Cross stn building.JPG|75px]]
| [[London Borough of Camden|Camden]]
| {{coord|51.532|-0.123|type:railwaystation|name=Kings Cross}}
| [[Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)|Great Northern Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| N
| [[East Coast Main Line]]
| 24.484 {{increase}}
| {{dts|14 October 1852}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|12}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-kings-cross-station-plan|title=London King's Cross|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Liverpool Street station|Liverpool Street]]
| [[File:Liverpool Street station entrance Bishopsgate.JPG|75px]]
| [[City of London]]
| {{coord|51.518|-0.081|type:railwaystation|name=Liverpool Street station}}
| [[Great Eastern Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| E, NE
| [[East of England]], [[Elizabeth line]], [[London Stansted Airport|Stansted Airport]],
| 94.500 {{increase}}
| {{dts|2 February 1874}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|17}}<ref>https://www.networkrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Liverpool-Street-Map.pdf{{dead link|date=May 2025}} {{Bare URL PDF|date=May 2025}}</ref>
| {{nts|2}}{{efn|Elizabeth Line}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[London Bridge station|London Bridge]]
| [[File:London Bridge mainline stn Tooley Street entrance.JPG|75px]]
| [[London Borough of Southwark|Southwark]]
| {{coord|51.505|-0.086|type:railwaystation|name=London Bridge}}
| [[London and Greenwich Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| S, SE, N, NW
| [[Kent]], [[East Sussex]], [[Gatwick Airport]]
| 50.045 {{increase}}
| {{dts|14 December 1836}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|6}}<ref name=londonbridge>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-bridge-station-plan|title=London Bridge|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|9}}<ref name=londonbridge/>
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Marylebone station|Marylebone]]
| [[File:Marylebone station entrance.JPG|75px]]
| [[City of Westminster|Westminster]]
| {{coord|51.522|-0.163|type:railwaystation|name=Marylebone}}
| [[Great Central Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Chiltern Railways]]
| NW
| [[Birmingham]], [[Chiltern Main Line]]
| 10.966 {{increase}}
| {{dts|15 March 1899}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|6}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-marylebone-station-plan|title=London Marylebone|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Moorgate station|Moorgate]]
| [[File:Moorgate entrance Mfields.JPG|75px]]
| [[City of London]]
| {{coord|51.518|-0.088|type:railwaystation|name=Moorgate}}
| [[Metropolitan Railway]]{{sfn|Day|1979|p=14}}
| [[London Underground]]
| N
| [[Hertfordshire]]
| 8.229 {{increase}}
| {{dts|23 December 1865}}{{sfn|Day|1979|p=14}}
| {{nts|2}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/moorgate/|title=Moorgate|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| E<ref name=cates>{{cite web|url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/996e14ff-d329-4f8c-856b-84a2cdac005d|archive-url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20141106181710mp_/http://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/996e14ff%2Dd329%2D4f8c%2D856b%2D84a2cdac005d|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2014|title=Station stewardship measure for category E stations|publisher=Office of Rail and Road|access-date=22 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Old Street station|Old Street]]
| [[File:Old Street stn northwest entrance.JPG|75px]]
| [[London Borough of Islington|Islington]]
| {{coord|51.525|-0.087|type:railwaystation|name=Old Street}}
| [[City and South London Railway]]{{sfn|Day|1979|p=47}}
| [[London Underground]]
| N
| [[Hertfordshire]]
| 6.381 {{increase}}
| {{dts|17 November 1901}}{{sfn|Day|1979|p=47}}
| {{nts|0}}
| {{nts|2}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/old-street-station-plan|title=Old Street|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| E<ref name=cates/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[London Paddington station|Paddington]]
| [[File:Paddington Station 01.jpg|75px]]
| [[City of Westminster|Westminster]]
| {{coord|51.517|-0.177|type:railwaystation|name=Paddington}}
| [[Great Western Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| W
| [[Great Western Main Line]], [[Elizabeth line]], [[Heathrow Airport]]
| 66.859 {{increase}}
| {{dts|16 January 1854}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|14}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-paddington-station-plan|title=London Paddington|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|2}}{{efn|Elizabeth Line}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[St Pancras railway station|St Pancras]]
| [[File:St Pancras International stn east entrance.JPG|75px]]
| [[London Borough of Camden|Camden]]
| {{coord|51.530|-0.125|type:railwaystation|name=St Pancras}}
| [[Midland Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]],<ref name="managed stations"/> [[High Speed 1|HS1 Ltd.]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://highspeed1.co.uk/media/1675/new_operator_guide_february_2013_final_version.docx|title=St Pancras International station – High Speed 1|date=February 2013|access-date=12 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623102417/http://highspeed1.co.uk/media/1675/new_operator_guide_february_2013_final_version.docx|archive-date=23 June 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Eurostar International Limited]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eurostar.com/uk-en/travel-info/stations/london-st-pancras-international|title=St Pancras Station|publisher=Eurostar International Ltd|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| N, NW, S, SE
| [[Midland Main Line]], [[Thameslink]], [[Gatwick Airport]], [[Luton Airport]], [[High Speed 1]] (Kent), [[Eurostar]] (Belgium, France, Netherlands)
| 35.960 {{increase}}
| {{dts|1 October 1868}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|13}}<ref name=stpancras>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-st-pancras-international-station-plan|title=London St Pancras|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|2}}<ref name=stpancras/>
| A/C{{efn|International and domestic category A; Thameslink category C<ref name="annex">{{cite web|url=http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/passenger/stations/betterrailstations/pdf/partd.pdf |title=Part D: Annexes |year=2009 |publisher=Department for Transport |work=Better Rail Stations |page=100| access-date=2 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606011458/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/passenger/stations/betterrailstations/pdf/partd.pdf |archive-date=6 June 2011 }}</ref>}}<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Vauxhall station|Vauxhall]]
| [[File:Vauxhall mainline stn north building.JPG|75px]]
| [[London Borough of Lambeth|Lambeth]]
| {{coord|51.485|-0.122|type:railwaystation|name=Vauxhall}}
| [[London and South Western Railway]]{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=213}}
| [[South Western Railway (train operating company)|South Western Railway]]
| SW
| [[Surrey]]
| 13.932 {{increase}}
| {{dts|11 July 1848}}{{sfn|Jackson|1984|pp=213, 215}}
| {{nts|0}}
| {{nts|8}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/vauxhall-station-plan|title=Vauxhall|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| B<ref name=catbs>{{cite web|url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/5bacf6bb-61b8-425b-ab0e-e8ad341da834|archive-url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20141106181528mp_/http://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/html/5bacf6bb%2D61b8%2D425b%2Dab0e%2De8ad341da834|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2014|title=Station stewardship measure for category B stations|publisher=Office of Rail and Road|access-date=22 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[London Victoria station|Victoria]]
| [[File:London Victoria Station frontage.jpg|75px]]
| [[City of Westminster|Westminster]]
| {{coord|51.496|-0.144|type:railwaystation|name=Victoria}}
| [[Victoria Station and Pimlico Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| S, SE
| [[Kent]], [[Sussex]], [[Gatwick Airport]], [[Surrey]], [[Hampshire]]
| 50.830 {{increase}}
| {{dts|10 October 1860}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|19}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-victoria-station-plan|title=London Victoria|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[London Waterloo station|Waterloo]]
| [[File:Waterloo station.JPG|75px]]
| [[London Borough of Lambeth|Lambeth]]
| {{coord|51.503|-0.113|type:railwaystation|name=Waterloo}}
| [[London and South Western Railway]]{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| [[Network Rail]]<ref name="managed stations"/>
| SW
| [[South West England]], [[Surrey]], [[Hampshire]]
| 62.525 {{increase}}
| {{dts|11 July 1848}}{{sfn|Davies|Grant|1983|p=51}}
| {{nts|24}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-waterloo-station-plan|title=London Waterloo|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| {{nts|0}}
| A<ref name=catas/>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Waterloo East railway station|Waterloo East]]
| [[File:Waterloo East stn entrance Waterloo concourse.JPG|75px]]
| [[London Borough of Lambeth|Lambeth]]
| {{coord|51.504|-0.110|type:railwaystation|name=Waterloo East}}
| [[South Eastern Railway, UK|South Eastern Railway]]{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=217}}
| [[Southeastern (train operating company)|Southeastern]]
| SE
| [[Kent]], [[East Sussex]]
| 5.676 {{increase}}
| {{dts|1 January 1869}}{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=217}}
| {{nts|0}}
| {{nts|4}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations-and-destinations/stations-made-easy/london-waterloo-east-station-plan|title=London Waterloo East|publisher=National Rail Enquiries|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>
| B<ref name=catbs/>
|}

===Former stations===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style=font-size:85%;
! rowspan=1 scope="col"|Station
! rowspan=1 class="unsortable" scope="col"|Image
! rowspan=1 scope="col"|Location
! rowspan=1 scope="col"|Coordinates
! rowspan=1 scope="col"|Original owner
! rowspan=1 scope="col"|Opening<br />date
! rowspan=1 scope="col"|Ending<br />date
! rowspan=1 scope="col"|Fate
|-
|[[Broad Street railway station (England)|Broad Street]]
|[[File:Broad Street station 1983.jpg|75px]]
|[[City of London]]
|{{coord|51.519|-0.0833|type:railwaystation|name=Broad Street}}
|[[North London Railway]]
|{{Dts|1 November 1865}}{{sfn|Jackson|1984|pp=95–97}}
|{{Dts|30 June 1986}}{{sfn|Holland|2013|p=61}}
|Closed
|-
|[[Holborn Viaduct railway station|Holborn Viaduct]]
|[[File:Holborn Viaduct 8 77.jpg|75px]]
|[[City of London]]
|{{Coord|51.5162|-0.1036|type:railwaystation_region:GB|name=Holborn Viaduct}}
|[[London, Chatham and Dover Railway]]
|{{Dts|2 March 1874}}{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=196}}
|{{Dts|26 January 1990}}{{sfn|Mogridge|1990|p=239}}
|Closed<ref>replaced by {{stnlink|City Thameslink}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kensington (Olympia) station|Kensington (Olympia)]]
|[[File:Kensington Olympia stn Overground look south.JPG|75px]]
|[[London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham|Hammersmith and Fulham]]{{efn|While the majority of the station is in Hammersmith and Fulham, the eastern part is in the [[Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rbkc.gov.uk/wamdocs/Royal%20Borough%20map.pdf|title=Royal Borough Map|publisher=Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea|access-date=2 March 2018}}</ref>}}
|{{coord|51.4986|-0.2108|type:railwaystation_region:GB|name=Kensington (Olympia)}}
|[[West London Railway]]
|{{Dts|27 May 1844}}<ref>{{cite journal|title=Survey of London|volume=42|page=325|year=1986}}</ref>
|{{Dts|1994}}<ref name="NFM57-A">{{Cite book|title=NFM 57|series=National Fares Manuals|publisher=[[British Railways Board]]|location=London|date=May 1994|at=Section A}}</ref>
|Still open
|-
|[[King's Cross Thameslink railway station|Kings Cross Thameslink]]
|[[Image:20040910-005-kings-cross-thameslink.jpg|75px]]
|[[London Borough of Camden|Camden]]
|{{coord|51.5308|-0.1202|type:railwaystation_region:GB|name=Kings Cross Thameslink}}
|[[Metropolitan Railway]]
|{{Dts|10 January 1863}}{{sfn|Day|Reed|2010|p=8}}
|{{Dts|9 December 2007}}<ref name="fcc_77">{{cite web | url=http://www.firstcapitalconnect.co.uk/Main.php?iCmsPageId=77 | title=St Pancras International | publisher=First Capital Connect | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070517234604/http://www.firstcapitalconnect.co.uk/Main.php?iCmsPageId=77 | archive-date=17 May 2007 | url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="NFM97-A">{{Cite book|title=NFM 97|series=National Fares Manuals|publisher=Association of Train Operating Companies (ATOC Ltd)|location=London|date=May 2007|at=Section A}}</ref>
|Closed<ref>replaced by {{stnlink|St Pancras}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|London transport}}
* [[List of London railway stations]]
* [[List of London Underground stations]]
* [[List of Docklands Light Railway stations]]

==References==
'''Notes'''
{{notelist|30em}}

'''Citations'''
{{reflist|30em}}

'''Sources'''
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last1=Ball|first1=Michael|last2=Sunderland|first2=David T.|title=An Economic History of London 1800–1914|publisher=Routledge|year=2002|isbn=978-1-134-54030-3}}
* {{Butt-Stations}}
* {{cite book |last1=Davies|first1=R.|last2=Grant|first2=M.D.|title=London and its Railways|publisher=David & Charles|year=1983|isbn=0-7153-8107-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Day|first=John R|year=1979|orig-year=1963|title=The story of London's Underground|edition= 6th|publisher=London Transport|isbn=0-85329-094-6}}
* {{cite book |last1=Day|first1=John R.|last2=Reed|first2=John|title=The Story of London's Underground|edition= 11th|year=2010|orig-year=1963|publisher=Capital Transport|isbn=978-1-85414-341-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Holland|first=Julian|title=Dr Beeching's Axe: 50 Years on : Illustrated Memories of Britain's Lost Railways|publisher=David & Charles|year=2013|isbn=978-1-446-30267-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Jackson|first=Alan| year = 1984 |orig-year=1969 | title = London's Termini | publisher = David & Charles | edition= New Revised| isbn = 0-330-02747-6|location=London}}
* {{cite book|last=Martin|first=Andrew|year=2013|title=Underground Overground: A Passenger's History of the Tube|publisher=Profile books|isbn=978-1-846-684784}}
* {{cite book|last=Minnis|first=John|year=2011|title=Britain's Lost Railways|publisher=Arum Press|isbn=978-0-7112-6162-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Mogridge|first=Martin J.H.|title=Travel in Towns: Jam yesterday, jam today and jam tomorrow?|publisher=Springer|year=1990|isbn=978-1-349-11798-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Moore|first=Tim|title=Do Not Pass Go|publisher=Vintage|year=2003|isbn=978-0-09-943386-6}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|last1=Simmons|first1=Jack|last2=Biddle|first2=Gordon|title=The Oxford Companion to British Railway History|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1997|isbn=978-019-211697-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Wolmar|first=Christian|author-link=Christian Wolmar |title=The Subterranean Railway|year=2012|orig-year=2004|edition= 2nd|publisher=Atlantic Books|isbn=978-0-857-89069-6}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [http://londonist.com/2014/09/how-londons-terminal-stations-got-their-names How London's Terminal Stations Got Their Names] – Londonist
* [http://www.citymetric.com/transport/how-many-railway-terminals-does-london-have-3107 How many railway terminals does London have?] – City Metric

{{Transport in London}}
{{Major railway stations in Great Britain}}

{{featured list}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:London Station Group}}
[[Category:London station group| ]]
[[Category:Railway termini in London| ]]
[[Category:Rail transport stations in London fare zone 1]]
[[Category:Rail infrastructure in London]]