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{{Short description|Anglican cathedral in Liverpool, England}}
{{For|the Roman Catholic cathedral in the same city|Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox church
| name             = Liverpool Cathedral
| fullname         = Cathedral Church of Christ in Liverpool
| image            = LIVERPOOL ANGLICAN CATHEDRAL SEP2012 (7916053494).jpg
| imagesize        = 
| imagealt         = 
| landscape        = 
| caption          = Liverpool Anglican Cathedral, St James's Mount
| pushpin map      = United Kingdom Liverpool Central
| pushpin label position = 
| pushpin map alt  = 
| pushpin mapsize  = 
| map caption      = Shown within Liverpool
| coordinates      = {{coord|53|23|51|N|2|58|23|W|region:GB|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| osgraw           = <!-- TEXT -->
| osgridref        = <!-- {{gbmappingsmall|TEXT}} -->
| location         = [[Liverpool]]
| country          = United Kingdom
| denomination     = [[Church of England]]
| tradition        = [[Central churchmanship]]
| membership       = 
| website          = {{URL|www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk}}
| former name      = 
| bull date        = 
| dedication       = [[Jesus|Christ]]
| consecrated date = 
| people           = 
| status           = 
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| heritage designation = 
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| previous cathedrals = 
| architect        = [[Sir Giles Gilbert Scott]]
| architectural type = 
| style            = [[Gothic Revival]]
| years built      = 1904–1978
| groundbreaking   = 
| completed date   = 
| construction cost = 
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| demolished date  = 
| capacity         = 
| length           = {{convert|188.67|m|abbr=on}}
| length nave      = 
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| height nave      = {{convert|35.3|m|abbr=on}}
| height choir     = {{convert|35.3|m|abbr=on}}
| dome quantity    = 
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| dome dia outer   = 
| dome dia inner   = 
| tower quantity   = 1
| tower height     = {{convert|100.8|m|abbr=on}}1
| spire quantity   = 
| spire height     = 
| bells            = 14
| bell weight      = 82-0-11 (4171kg) in A♭
| archdiocese      = 
| metropolis       = 
| diocese          = [[Anglican Diocese of Liverpool|Liverpool]]
| diocese start    = 1880
| province         = [[Province of York|York]]
| archbishop       = 
| bishop           = John 
Perumbalath
| dean             = [[Sue Jones (priest)|Sue Jones]]
| provost          = 
| canon            = Mike&nbsp;Kirby (Scientist)
| precentor        = Philip Anderson
| canonmissioner   = Neal&nbsp;Barnes
| canonchancellor  = Ellen&nbsp;Loudon (Dir. Social&nbsp;Justice)
| archdeacon       = 
| reader           = 
| director         = Stephen Mannings
| organist         = [[Ian Tracey (Organist)|Ian&nbsp;Tracey]]
| logo             = 
| logosize         = 
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}}
'''Liverpool Cathedral''' is a [[Church of England]] cathedral in the city of [[Liverpool]], England. It is the seat of the [[bishop of Liverpool]] and is the mother church of the [[Anglican Diocese of Liverpool|diocese of Liverpool]]. The church may be formally referred to as the '''Cathedral Church of Christ in Liverpool'''.<ref>The Form and Order of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Christ in Liverpool, 19 July 1924</ref> It is the largest cathedral and religious building in Britain,<ref>[http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/home/about-us/about-the-cathedral.aspx Liverpool Cathedral] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009041703/http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/home/about-us/about-the-cathedral.aspx |date=9 October 2017 }}, accessed 8 October 2017</ref> and the [[List of largest church buildings|seventh largest church in the world]].

The cathedral is based on a design by [[Giles Gilbert Scott]] and was constructed between 1904 and 1978. It is the longest cathedral in the world;<ref name=McGrath>{{cite web |author1=Tom W. McGrath |title=Hope Street: A Tale of Two Cathedrals |url=https://cherwell.org/2022/02/28/hope-street-a-tale-of-two-cathedrals/ |website=[[Cherwell (newspaper)|Cherwell]] |access-date=23 December 2023 |date=28 February 2022}}</ref> the total external length of the building, including the [[Lady Chapel of Liverpool Cathedral|Lady Chapel]] (dedicated to the [[Mary (mother of Jesus)|Blessed Virgin]]), is {{convert|207|yd|m}}, its internal length is {{convert|160|yd|m}}. In terms of overall volume, Liverpool Cathedral ranks as the fifth-largest cathedral in the world<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/architecture_cathedral_01.shtml |title=The Cathedrals of Britain |access-date=30 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105174526/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/architecture_cathedral_01.shtml |archive-date=5 January 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> and contests with the incomplete [[Cathedral of St. John the Divine]] in New York City for the title of largest Anglican church building.<ref>The title depends on which dimensions are counted. For a discussion on the matter of size, see Quirk, Howard E., ''The Living Cathedral: St. John the Divine: A History and Guide'' (New York: The Crossroad Publishing Co., 1993), pp. 15–16.</ref> With a height of {{convert|331|ft|m}} it is also one of the world's tallest non-spired church buildings and the [[List of tallest buildings and structures in Liverpool|fourth-tallest structure in the city of Liverpool]]. The cathedral is recorded in the [[National Heritage List for England]] as a designated Grade&nbsp;I [[Grade II-listed|listed building]].<ref>{{NHLE |num= 1361681|desc= Anglican Cathedral Church of Christ |access-date= 19 August 2012|mode=cs2|postscript=none}}</ref>

The [[Anglicanism|Anglican]] cathedral is one of two cathedrals in the city. The Roman Catholic [[Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral|Metropolitan Cathedral of Christ the King]] is situated approximately {{convert|0.5|mi|km|1}} to the north. The cathedrals are linked by [[Hope Street, Liverpool|Hope Street]], which takes its name from William Hope, a local merchant whose house stood on the site now occupied by the [[Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool|Philharmonic Hall]], and was named long before either cathedral was built.

==History==

===Background===
{{multiple image
| align         = left
| caption_align = center
| image1        = Bishop-Ryle.jpg
| width1        = 103
| caption1      = [[J.C. Ryle]], first Bishop of Liverpool
| alt1          =
| image2        = Bishop-Chavasse-cropped.jpg
| width2        = 100
| alt2          =
| caption2      = [[Francis Chavasse]], second Bishop
}}
[[J. C. Ryle]] was installed as the first Bishop of Liverpool in 1880, but the new [[diocese]] had no cathedral, merely a "[[pro-cathedral]]", the [[St Peter's Church, Liverpool|parish church of St Peter]] in [[Church Street, Liverpool|Church Street]]. St Peter's was unsatisfactory; it was too small for major church events, and moreover was, in the words of the [[Rector (ecclesiastical)|Rector]] of Liverpool, "ugly & hideous".<ref name=history>[http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/about/history.aspx "History"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007012318/http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/about/history.aspx |date=7 October 2011 }}, Liverpool Cathedral, accessed 2 October 2011</ref> In 1885 an [[Act of Parliament]] authorised the building of a cathedral on the site of the existing St John's Church, adjacent to [[St George's Hall, Liverpool|St George's Hall]].<ref name=c1>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=1}}</ref> A competition was held for the design, and won by [[William Emerson (British architect)|William Emerson]]. The site proved unsuitable for the erection of a building on the scale proposed, and the scheme was abandoned.<ref name=c1/>

In 1900 [[Francis Chavasse]] succeeded Ryle as Bishop, and immediately revived the project to build a cathedral.<ref>{{harvnb|Bailey|Millington|1957|p=48}}</ref> There was some opposition from among members of Chavasse's diocesan clergy, who maintained that there was no need for an expensive new cathedral. The architectural historian John Thomas argues that this reflected "a measure of factional strife between Liverpool Anglicanism's very [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical]] or Low Church tradition, and other forces detectable within the religious complexion of the new diocese."<ref name=thomas/> Bishop Chavasse, though himself an Evangelical, regarded the building of a great church as "a visible witness to God in the midst of a great city".<ref name=thomas/> He pressed ahead, and appointed a committee under [[William Bower Forwood|William Forwood]] to consider all possible sites. The St John's site being ruled out, Forwood's committee identified four locations: St Peter's and [[Church of St Luke, Liverpool|St Luke's]], which were, like St John's, found to be too restricted; a triangular site at the junction of London Road and Monument Place;{{refn|Monument Place was later renamed Pembroke Place.<ref name=c2>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=2}}</ref>|group= n}} and St James's Mount.<ref name=c2/> There was considerable debate about the competing merits of the two possible sites, and Forwood's committee was inclined to favour the London Road triangle. However, the cost of acquiring it was too great, and the St James's Mount site was recommended.<ref name=c2/> An historian of the cathedral, Vere Cotton, wrote in 1964:

{{blockquote|Looking back after an interval of sixty years, it is difficult to realise that any other decision was even possible. With the exception of [[Durham Cathedral|Durham]], no English cathedral is so well placed to be seen to advantage both from a distance and from its immediate vicinity. That such a site, convenient to yet withdrawn from the centre of the city … dominating the city and clearly visible from the river, should have been available is not the least of the many strokes of good fortune which have marked the history of the cathedral.<ref name=c2/>|}}

Fund-raising began, and new enabling legislation was passed by Parliament. The Liverpool Cathedral Act 1902 authorised the purchase of the site and the building of a cathedral, with the proviso that as soon as any part of it opened for public worship, St Peter's Church should be demolished and its site sold to provide the endowment of the new cathedral's [[Chapter (religion)|chapter]]. St Peter's place as Parish Church of Liverpool would be taken by the existing church of [[Church of Our Lady and Saint Nicholas, Liverpool|St Nicholas]] near the [[Pier Head]].<ref name=c2/> St Peter's Church closed in 1919, and was finally demolished in 1922.<ref>{{cite web|title=St Peter's Church, Church St, Liverpool|url=http://www.lan-opc.org.uk/Liverpool/Liverpool-Central/stpeter/stpeter.html|website=Lancashire OnLine Parish Clerks|access-date=12 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121127021653/http://www.lan-opc.org.uk/Liverpool/Liverpool-Central/stpeter/stpeter.html|archive-date=27 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

===1901 competition===
In late 1901, two well-known architects were appointed as assessors for an open competition for architects wishing to be considered for the design of the cathedral.<ref name=c3>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=3}}</ref> [[George Frederick Bodley]] was a leading exponent of the [[Gothic revival]] style, and a former pupil and relative by marriage of Sir [[George Gilbert Scott]].<ref name=bodley>Hall, Michael. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/31944 "Bodley, George Frederick (1827–1907)"], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502185901/http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/31944 |date=2 May 2013 }} ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 2 October 2011 {{subscription required}}</ref> [[Richard Norman Shaw]] was an eclectic architect, having begun in the Gothic style, and later favouring what his biographer Andrew Saint calls "full-blooded classical or imperial architecture".<ref name=shaw>Saint, Andrew. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/36050 "Shaw, Richard Norman (1831–1912)"], ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; accessed 2 October 2011 {{subscription required}}</ref>
[[File:Scott-Liverpool-ILN-June-6-1903-p864.jpg|thumb|[[Giles Gilbert Scott]]'s winning design, with twin towers]]

Architects were invited by public advertisement to submit portfolios of their work for consideration by Bodley and Shaw. From these, the two assessors selected a first shortlist of architects to be invited to prepare drawings for the new building. It was stipulated that the designs were to be in the Gothic style.<ref>Shallcross, T Myddelton. "The Proposed New Liverpool Cathedral", ''The Times'', 8 October 1901, p. 13</ref> Robert Gladstone, a member of the committee to which the assessors were to report said, "There could be no question that Gothic architecture produced a more devotional effect upon the mind than any other which human skill had invented."<ref>"Ecclesiastical Intelligence", ''The Times'', 8 October 1901, p. 8</ref> This condition caused controversy. [[Reginald Blomfield]] and others protested at the insistence on a Gothic style, a "worn-out flirtation in antiquarianism, now relegated to the limbo of art delusions."<ref>"Concordia", "Liverpool Cathedral", ''The Times'', 19 October 1901, p. 11</ref> An editorial in ''[[The Times]]'' observed, "To impose a preliminary restriction is unwise and impolitic … the committee must not hamper itself at starting with a condition which is certain to exclude many of the best men."<ref>"The Liverpool Cathedral Controversy", ''The Times'', 23 October 1901, p. 7</ref> Eventually it was agreed that the assessors would also consider "designs of a Renaissance or Classical character".<ref name=t1902>"Liverpool Cathedral", ''The Times'', 25 September 1902, p. 8</ref>

For architects, the competition was an important event; not only was it for one of the largest building projects of its time, but it was only the third opportunity to build an Anglican cathedral in England since the [[English Reformation|Reformation]] in the 16th century ([[St Paul's Cathedral]] being the first, rebuilt from scratch after the [[Great Fire of London]] in 1666, and [[Truro Cathedral]] being the second, begun in the 19th century).<ref name=t1902/> The competition attracted 103 entries,<ref name=t1902/> from architects including [[Temple Lushington Moore|Temple Moore]], [[Charles Rennie Mackintosh]],<ref>[http://www.huntsearch.gla.ac.uk/cgi-bin/foxweb/huntsearch_Mackintosh/LargeImage.fwx?catno=41153&filename=crm/41153.jpg "Design for Liverpool Anglican Cathedral competition: south elevation 1903"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402212739/http://www.huntsearch.gla.ac.uk/cgi-bin/foxweb/huntsearch_Mackintosh/LargeImage.fwx?catno=41153&filename=crm%2F41153.jpg |date=2 April 2012 }} Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery, accessed 2 October 2011</ref> [[Charles Herbert Reilly|Charles Reilly]],<ref>{{harvnb|Powers|1996|p=2}}</ref> and [[Austin and Paley]].<ref>{{harvnb|Brandwood|Austin|Hughes|Price|2012|pp=162–164}}</ref>

In 1903, the assessors recommended a proposal submitted by the 22-year-old [[Giles Gilbert Scott]], who was still an articled pupil working in Temple Moore's practice,<ref name=scott/> and had no existing buildings to his credit. He told the assessors that so far his only major work had been to design a pipe-rack.<ref>"Liverpool's 75-year-old infant", ''The Guardian'', 21 October 1978, p. 9</ref> The choice of winner was even more contentious with the Cathedral Committee when it was discovered that Scott was a Roman Catholic,{{refn|At this time it was customary for architects to undertake ecclesiastical work only for the denomination to which they belonged. When Bodley's partner [[Thomas Garner]] became a Roman Catholic in 1897, the partnership was dissolved and Garner's church work was thereafter exclusively for the Roman Catholic church while Bodley worked solely on Anglican churches.<ref name=thomas/>|group= n}} but the decision stood.<ref name=scott>Stamp. Gavin. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35987 "Scott, Sir Giles Gilbert (1880–1960)"], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502203835/http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35987 |date=2 May 2013 }} ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 2 October 2011 {{subscription required}}</ref>

===Scott's first design===
Although young, Scott was steeped in ecclesiastical design and well versed in the Gothic revival style, his grandfather, [[Sir Gilbert Scott]], and father, [[George Gilbert Scott, Jr.]], having designed numerous churches.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=25}}</ref> George Bradbury, the surveyor to the Cathedral Committee, reported, "Mr. Scott seems to have inherited the architectural genius so marked in the Scott family for the last three or four generations ... He is very pleasant, agreeable, enthusiastic, tall and looks considerably older than he actually is."<ref name="thomas">{{cite journal| last=Thomas | first=John | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40033841 | jstor=40033841 | title=The 'Beginnings of a Noble Pile': Liverpool Cathedral's Lady Chapel (1904–10) | journal=[[Architectural History]] | volume=48 | year=2005 | pages=257–290 | publisher=[[SAHGB Publications]] | doi=10.1017/S0066622X00003804 | url-access=subscription }}</ref> Appearances notwithstanding, Scott's inexperience prompted the Cathedral Committee to appoint Bodley to oversee the detailed architectural design and building work. Work began without delay. The foundation stone was laid by [[King Edward VII]] in 1904.<ref name=history/>

Cotton observes that it was generous of Bodley to enter into a working relationship with a young and untried student.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=24}}</ref> Bodley had been a close friend of Scott's father, but his collaboration with the young Scott was fractious, especially after Bodley accepted commissions to design two cathedrals in the US,{{refn|These were for Washington, D.C. (for American Episcopal church) and San Francisco. The latter was not built.<ref name=bodley/>|group= n}} necessitating frequent absences from Liverpool.<ref name=scott/> Scott complained that this "has made the working partnership agreement more of a farce than ever, and to tell the truth my patience with the existing state of affairs is about exhausted".<ref name=scott/> Scott was on the point of resigning when Bodley died suddenly in 1907, leaving him in charge.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=22}}</ref> The Cathedral Committee appointed Scott sole architect, and though it reserved the right to appoint another co-architect, it never seriously considered doing so.<ref name=thomas/>

===Scott's 1910 redesign===
[[File:Liverpool Anglican Cathedral - Lady Chapel.jpg|thumb|The Lady Chapel, the first part of the cathedral to be completed.]]
[[File:Scott-Liverpool-ILN-7-January-1911-p17.jpg|thumb|upright|Scott's 1910 redesign, with central tower]]
In 1909, free of Bodley and growing in confidence, Scott submitted an entirely new design for the main body of the cathedral.<ref name="cotton28" /> His original design had two towers at the west end{{refn|Because of the shape of the St James's Mount site, the cathedral is oriented nearly north to south rather than, as is traditional, west to east. Cotton and other writers use the points of the compass in their liturgical sense: thus the high altar is at the "east end", and the main entrance at the "west end."<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|loc=xvi}}</ref>|group= n}} and a single [[transept]]; the revised plan called for a single central tower {{convert| 85.344|m|ft}} high, topped with a lantern and flanked by twin transepts.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=31}}</ref>{{refn|In an article in 1977, Paul Barker suggests that Scott altered his design "to come closer to Mackintosh's plans".<ref>Barker, Paul. "The might have been – Charles Rennie, Mackintosh and the Modern Movement", ''The Times'', 14 July 1977, p. 8</ref>|group= n}} The Cathedral Committee, shaken by such radical changes to the design they had approved, asked Scott to work his ideas out in fine detail and submit them for consideration.<ref name=cotton28>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=28}}</ref> He worked on the plans for more than a year, and in November 1910, the committee approved them.<ref name="cotton28"/> In addition to the change in the exterior, Scott's new plans provided more interior space.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|pp=28, 30 and 32}}</ref> At the same time Scott modified the decorative style, losing much of the Gothic detailing and introducing a more modern, monumental style.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|pp=29–30}}</ref>

====The Lady Chapel====
The [[lady chapel|Lady Chapel]] (originally intended to be called the Morning Chapel),<ref name=thomas /> the first part of the building to be completed, was consecrated in 1910 by Bishop Chavasse in the presence of two Archbishops and 24 other Bishops.<ref>Forwood, William. "Liverpool Cathedral — Consecration of the Lady Chapel", ''The Times'', 30 June 1910, p. 9</ref> The date, 29 June—[[Feast of Saints Peter and Paul|St Peter's Day]]—was chosen to honour the pro-cathedral, now due to be demolished.<ref>"Liverpool Cathedral", ''The Times'', 30 June 1910, p. 11</ref> ''[[The Manchester Guardian]]'' described the ceremony:

{{blockquote|The Bishop of Liverpool knocked on the door with his pastoral staff, saying in a loud voice, "Open ye the gates." The doors having been flung open, the Earl of Derby, resplendent in the golden robes of the Chancellor of Liverpool University, presented Dr. Chavasse with the petition for consecration. … The Archbishop of York, whose cross was carried before him and who was followed by two train-bearers clad in scarlet cassocks, was conducted to the sedilla and the rest of the Bishops, with the exception of Dr. Chavasse, who knelt before his episcopal chair in the sanctuary, found accommodation in the choir stalls.<ref>"Liverpool Cathedral — Consecration of the Lady Chapel", ''The Manchester Guardian'', 30 June 1910, p. 7</ref>|}}

[[File:Anna Hinderer Stained Glass at Liverpool Cathedral.jpg|thumb|upright|The missionary [[Anna Hinderer]] is in one of the Lady Chapel windows]]
The richness of the décor of the Lady Chapel may have dismayed some of Liverpool's Evangelical clergy. Thomas suggests that they were confronted with "a feminised building which lacked reference to the 'manly' and 'muscular Christian' thinking which had emerged in reaction to the earlier feminisation of religion."<ref name=thomas /> He adds that the building would have seemed to many to be designed for [[Anglo-Catholic]] worship.<ref name=thomas />

The décor includes a stained glass featuring women of various backgrounds and professions, who are considered to have contributed significantly to society. These include:<ref>{{cite book |last1=Liverpool Cathedral Staff |title=Noble Women – Of Liverpool Cathedral : Windows |date=1951 |publisher=Liverpool Cathedral |asin=B009PBBYUK }}</ref>
* Theologian [[Julian of Norwich]] (1343–1416)
* Mother of [[Methodism]] [[Susanna Wesley]] (1669–1742)
* Social reformer [[Elizabeth Fry]] (1780–1845)
* [[Feminist]] and social reformer [[Josephine Butler]] (1828–1906)
* [[Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby]], who led a siege during the [[First English Civil War]] (1599–1664)
* English poet [[Christina Rossetti]] (1830–1894)
* [[Queen Victoria]] (1819–1901)
* [[Catherine Gladstone]], wife of [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[William Ewart Gladstone]], known for founding orphanages and her wit (1812–1900)
* Philanthropist and the wealthiest woman in England in 1837, [[Angela Burdett-Coutts, 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts|the 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts]] (1814–1906)
* Prominent figure in the [[Wars of the Roses]] and founder of two [[University of Cambridge]] colleges, [[Lady Margaret Beaufort]] (1441/3 – 1509)
* English poet [[Elizabeth Barrett Browning]] (1806–1861)
* [[Suffragist]] and first principal of [[Newnham College]], [[Anne Jemima Clough]] (1820–1892)
* Courtier [[Margaret Godolphin]] (1652–1678)
* Anglican nun [[Annie Isherwood|Mother Cecile]] (1862–1906)
* The [[lightkeeper]]'s daughter who participated in the rescue of the shipwrecked [[Forfarshire (ship)|''Forfarshire'']], [[Grace Darling]] (1815–1842)
* [[Kitty Wilkinson]] (1786–1860), who opened the first public washhouse in Liverpool during a cholera epidemic
* Martyr and missionary Louisa Stewart (1852–1895)
* Doctor and missionary [[Alice Marval]] (1865–1904)
* First trained Nursing Superintendent of Liverpool [[Workhouse]] Infirmary [[Agnes Jones]] (1832–1868)
* Missionary [[Anna Hinderer]] (1827–1870)
* Mary Ann Rogers (1855–1899), Stewardess of the [[SS Stella (1890)|''Stella'']] passenger steamboat, who gave her life to save passengers when the boat sank in 1899.

===Second phase===
Work was severely limited during the [[First World War]], with a shortage of manpower, materials and donations.<ref name=c6>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=6}}</ref> By 1920, the workforce had been brought back up to strength and the stone quarries at [[Woolton]], source of the pinkish-red sandstone for most of the building, reopened.<ref name=c6/> The first section of the main body of the cathedral was complete by 1924. It comprised the [[chancel]], an [[ambulatory]], [[chapter house]] and [[vestry|vestries]].<ref>"Liverpool Cathedral", ''The Times'', 19 June 1924, p. 13</ref> The section was closed with a temporary wall, and on 19 July 1924, the 20th anniversary of the laying of the foundation stone, the cathedral was consecrated in the presence of [[King George V]] and [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary]], and Archbishops and Bishops from around the globe.<ref name=c6/> Major works ceased for a year while Scott once again revised his plans for the next section of the building: the tower, the under-tower and the central transept.<ref name=c7>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=7}}</ref> The tower in his final design was higher and narrower than his 1910 conception.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=32}}</ref>

From July 1925 work continued steadily, and it was hoped to complete the whole section by 1940.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=8}}</ref> The outbreak of the [[Second World War]] in 1939 caused similar problems to those of the earlier war. The workforce dwindled from 266 to 35; moreover, the building was damaged by German bombs during the [[May Blitz, Liverpool|May Blitz]].<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|pp=9–10}}</ref> Despite these vicissitudes, the central section was complete enough by July 1941 to be handed over to the Dean and Chapter. Scott laid the last stone of the last pinnacle on the tower on 20 February 1942.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=10}}</ref> No further major works were undertaken during the rest of the war. Scott produced his plans for the [[nave]] in 1942, but work on it did not begin until 1948.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|pp=10–11}}</ref> The bomb damage, particularly to the Lady Chapel, was not fully repaired until 1955.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=11}}</ref>

===Completion===
Scott died in 1960. The first bay of the nave was then nearly complete, and was handed over to the Dean and Chapter in April 1961. Scott was succeeded as architect by Frederick Thomas.<ref>McNay, Thomas. "Liverpool's Anglican Cathedral", ''The Guardian'', 24 October 1978, p. 8</ref> Thomas, who had worked with Scott for many years, drew up a new design for the west front of the cathedral. ''The Guardian'' commented, "It was an inflation beater, but totally in keeping with the spirit of the earlier work, and its crowning glory is the Benedicite Window designed by [[Carl Johannes Edwards|Carl Edwards]] and covering 1,600 sq. ft."<ref>{{cite news| last=Riley | first=Joe | title=Finished — but for the way in to the nave | newspaper=[[The Guardian]] | date=25 October 1978 | page=8 }}</ref>

The version recorded in [[Gavin Stamp]]'s obituary of Richard Gilbert Scott, which appeared in ''[[The Guardian]]'' on 15 July 2017, differs slightly: "When his father died the following year (1960), Richard inherited the practice and was left to complete several jobs. He continued with the great work of building Liverpool Cathedral but, after adding two bays of the nave (using cheaper materials: concrete and fibreglass), he resigned when it was proposed drastically to alter his father's design. The cathedral was eventually completed with a much simplified and diminished west end drawn out by his father's former assistant, Roger Pinckney".<ref>{{cite news |author=Gavin Stamp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/jul/12/richard-gilbert-scott-obituary |title=Richard Gilbert Scott obituary |work=The Guardian |access-date=17 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017082116/https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/jul/12/richard-gilbert-scott-obituary |archive-date=17 October 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The completion of the building was marked by a service of thanksgiving and dedication in October 1978, attended by [[Queen Elizabeth II]]. In the spirit of [[ecumenism]] that had been fostered in Liverpool, [[The Most Reverend|The Most Rev.]] [[Derek Worlock]], [[Roman Catholic Archbishop of Liverpool]], played a major part in the ceremony.<ref>{{cite news| last=Chartres | first=John | title=New Liverpool Anglican cathedral dedicated | newspaper=[[The Times]] | date=26 October 1978 | page=2 }}</ref>

====Funding====
In October 2021, the building was one of 142 sites across England to receive part of a £35-million injection into the government's [[Culture Recovery Fund]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://historicengland.org.uk/whats-new/news/heritage-and-craft-workers-across-england-given-a-helping-hand/ | title=Heritage and Craft Workers Across England Given a Helping Hand | publisher=[[Historic England]] | location=UK | date=22 October 2021 }}</ref>

==Dean and chapter==
As of 8 December 2020:<ref>[http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/home/about-us/cathedral-people.aspx Liverpool Cathedral — Cathedral People] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123072101/http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/home/about-us/cathedral-people.aspx |date=23 January 2018 }} (Accessed 8 December 2020)</ref>
* [[Dean of Liverpool|Dean]] – [[Sue Jones (priest)|Sue Jones]] (since 5 May 2018 institution)<ref>{{cite web|title=Invitation to the Installation of 8th Dean of Liverpool|url=http://www.liverpool.anglican.org/Invitation-to-the-Installation-of-8th-Dean-of-Liverpool-Cathedral---May-5th-2018|website=Diocese of Liverpool|access-date=5 May 2018|date=5 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506104251/http://www.liverpool.anglican.org/Invitation-to-the-Installation-of-8th-Dean-of-Liverpool-Cathedral---May-5th-2018|archive-date=6 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Canon Precentor – Philip Anderson
* Canon Chancellor and Diocesan Director of Social Justice – Ellen Loudon (since 5 June 2016 installation)<ref>[http://www.liverpool.anglican.org/Clergy-Moves-11th-April-2016 Diocese of Liverpool — Clergy Moves, 11 April 2016] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122235119/http://www.liverpool.anglican.org/Clergy-Moves-11th-April-2016 |date=22 January 2018 }} (Accessed 22 January 2018)</ref>
* Vice Dean and Canon for Mission and Faith Development – Neal Barnes (since 13 July 2019 installation)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/114/section.aspx/108/choral_evensong_and_installation_of_canon_neal_barnes_13_07_2019|title=The Installation of Canon Neal Barnes|website=Liverpool Cathedral|access-date=18 October 2021|date=2019}}</ref>
* Canon Scientist – Mike Kirby ([[self-supporting minister|SSM]]; since 9 February 2020 installation)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/43/section.aspx/37/liverpool_cathedral_install_rev_dr_mike_kirby_as_canon_scientist|title=Liverpool Cathedral install Rev Dr Mike Kirby as Canon Scientist|access-date=18 October 2021|date=}}</ref>

==Completed building==
[[File:Liverpool Anglican Cathedral ceiling, Liverpool, UK - Diliff.jpg|thumb|upright|The interior of the cathedral, looking up into the vault below the central belltower.]]
[[File:Liverpool Anglican Cathedral West Window, Liverpool, UK - Diliff.jpg|thumb|The cathedral's west window by [[Carl Johannes Edwards]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Art in the Cathedral|url=http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/home/about-us/art-in-the-cathedral.aspx|publisher=Liverpool Cathedral|access-date=30 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225223936/http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/about/art-in-the-cathedral.aspx|archive-date=25 February 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The uppermost window is the Benedicite window. The pink neon sign by [[Tracey Emin]] reads "I felt you and I knew you loved me" and was installed in 2008 when Liverpool became [[European Capital of Culture]].<ref>{{Cite news
  |newspaper=[[Liverpool Echo]]
  |title=Message of love to Liverpool from Tracey Emin
  |date=26 September 2008
|author=Catherine Jones
  |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/message-love-liverpool-tracey-emin-3473408
}}</ref>]]

The cathedral's official website gives the dimensions of the building as
* Length: {{convert|188.7|m}}
* Area: {{convert|9687.4|m2}}
* Height of tower: {{convert|100.8|m}}
* Choir vault: {{convert|35.3|m}}
* Nave vault: {{convert|36.5|m}}
* Under tower vault: {{convert|53.3|m}}
* Tower arches: {{convert|32.6|m}}

The cathedral was built mainly of local sandstone quarried from the South Liverpool suburb of [[Woolton]]. The last sections (The Well of the Cathedral at the west end in the 1960s and 1970s) used the closest matching sandstone that could be found from other NW quarries once the supply from Woolton had been exhausted.

Each of the stone blocks on the cathedral's interior has different dimensions to those next to it, said to be symbolic of God's love for individuals.<ref name=McGrath />

The belltower is the largest, and also one of the tallest, in the world (see [[List of tallest churches in the world]]). It houses the world's highest ({{convert|67|m|abbr=on}}) and heaviest ({{convert|16.5|LT|t|abbr=off}}) ringing peal of bells, and the third-heaviest [[Bourdon (bell)|bell]] ({{convert|14.5|LT|t|abbr=off}}) in the United Kingdom.<ref>[http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/about/cathedral.aspx "Cathedral"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518024719/http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/about/cathedral.aspx |date=18 May 2011 }}, Liverpool Cathedral, accessed 3 October 2011</ref>

===Services and other uses===
The cathedral is open daily all year round from 8:00&nbsp;am to 6:00&nbsp;pm (except [[Christmas Day]], when it closes to the public at 3&nbsp;pm), and regular services are held every day of the week at 8:30&nbsp;am: Morning Prayer (Holy Communion on Sundays). 12:05 pm Monday–Saturday (Communion) and Monday–Friday at 5:30pm (Evensong or said Evening Prayer according to day and time of year). At the weekend, there is also a 3pm Evensong service on Saturdays and Sundays with a main Cathedral Eucharist at 10:30 am, which attracts a large core congregation each week. It also has a more intimate Communion on Sundays at 4 pm. Since early 2011, the cathedral has also offered a regular, more informal form of cafe-style worship called "Zone 2", running parallel to its main Sunday Eucharist each week and held in the lower rooms in the Giles Gilbert Scott Function Suite (formerly the Western Rooms). The core services at 5:30pm on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Fridays, 10:30am on Sundays and 3pm Saturdays and Sundays are supported on each occasion during term time by the cathedral choir.<ref>[http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/worship/services.aspx "Service Times"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007012003/http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/worship/services.aspx |date=7 October 2011 }}, Liverpool Cathedral, accessed 3 October 2011</ref>

Following the closure of their [[St Andrew's Church, Liverpool|building in Rodney Street]] in 1975, the Liverpool St. Andrew's congregation of the [[Church of Scotland]] used the Radcliffe Room of the cathedral for Sunday services. The congregation finally disbanded in November 2016.<ref>[http://www.churchofscotland.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/39533/Blue_Book_2017.pdf "Word of Life"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180606054759/http://www.churchofscotland.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/39533/Blue_Book_2017.pdf |date=6 June 2018 }}, accessed 28 March 2018</ref>

Admission to the cathedral is free, but with a suggested donation of £5.{{refn|There is a charge for those who wish take the visitor's Great Space experience, including a short film showing the construction of the cathedral, an audio tour (several different languages and a junior version available) and an opportunity to go up the tower (fee payable). The tower is closed to the visiting public during times of particularly bad or windy weather or if a special event or service prevents access.|group= n}} Car parking is available on-site on a pay-on-exit basis. Parking is free for attendance at all services. Access to the main floor of the cathedral is restricted during services and some of the major events.<ref>[http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/visitingevents/opening-hours.aspx "Opening Hours"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006050444/http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/visitingevents/opening-hours.aspx |date=6 October 2011 }}, Liverpool Cathedral, accessed 3 October 2011</ref>

The building also plays host to a wide range of events and special services including concerts, academic events involving local schools, graduations, exhibitions, family activities, seminars, conferences, corporate events, commemorative services, anniversary services and many more. Its maximum capacity for any major event including special services is 3,500 standing, or about 2,300 fully seated. The ground floor of the cathedral is fully accessible.

Liverpool Cathedral has its own specialist constabulary to keep watch on an all-year 24-hour basis. The [[Liverpool Cathedral Constables]] together with the [[York Minster Police]] and several other cathedrals' constable units are members of the Cathedral Constables' Association.<ref>[http://www.cathedralconstables.co.uk/pb/wp_ebd38ab9/wp_ebd38ab9.html The Cathedral Constables' Association] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508095456/http://www.cathedralconstables.co.uk/pb/wp_ebd38ab9/wp_ebd38ab9.html |date=8 May 2012 }}, accessed 22 June 2012</ref>

Liverpool Cathedral also features on a page of the latest design of the [[British passport]].<ref>[http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/merseyside-landmarks-celebrated-new-passport-10380778 Liverpool Echo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008232423/http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/merseyside-landmarks-celebrated-new-passport-10380778 |date=8 October 2017 }}, accessed 8 October 2017</ref>

===Bells===
[[File:Bells of the Anglican Cathedral, Liverpool, England 2012-07-25 (7878220364).jpg|thumb|left|Bell chamber within the tower]]
At {{convert|67|m|abbr=on}} above floor level, the bells of Liverpool Cathedral are the highest and heaviest ringing [[Ring of bells|peal]] in the world.
{{refn|At {{convert|116|ST|abbr=on}}, the [[Bell of Good Luck]] is the largest ''hanging'' bell in the world, but it does not move; it is sounded by an external clapper. At 216 tons, the [[Tsar Bell]] is even more massive. This bell, on display on a stone pedestal on the grounds of the [[Moscow Kremlin]], is broken. Hence, it neither hangs nor rings.|group= n}} Two lifts are provided for the use of the bellringers and other visitors to the tower. The peal proper (hung for full-circle [[change ringing]]) consists of thirteen bells weighing a total of {{convert|16.5|LT|t|abbr=in}}, which are named the Bartlett Bells after Thomas Bartlett (died 4 September 1912), a native of Liverpool who bequeathed the funding.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=151}}</ref> The bells vary in size and note from the comparatively light {{convert|10|long cwt|kg|abbr=in|lk=in}} treble to the tenor weighing {{convert|4|LT|t|abbr=in}}. The 13th bell (sharp 2nd) is extra to the main 12-bell peal, and its purpose is to make possible ringing in a correct octave on lighter bells.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bryant|first1=David|title=The History and Use of Semitone Bells|url=http://www.inspirewebdesign.com/ringsof12/tower_articles/a_semitones.htm|access-date=11 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114113621/http://www.inspirewebdesign.com/ringsof12/tower_articles/a_semitones.htm|archive-date=14 November 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> All thirteen bells were cast by Mears & Stainbank of [[Whitechapel Bell Foundry|Whitechapel]] in London.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=153}}</ref> The initial letters of the inscriptions on the thirteen bells spell out the name "Thomas Bartlett" (from tenor to treble).<ref name="Cotton 1964 153–157">{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|pp=153–157}}</ref>

The Bartlett bells are hung in a circle around the [[bourdon bell]] "Great George".{{refn|The names of the other bells are Emmanuel (tenor), James (11th), Oswald (10th), Peter (9th), Martin (8th), Nicholas (7th), Michael (6th), Guthlac (5th), Gilbert (4th), Chad (3rd), Paul (2nd), David (2nd sharp) and Bede (treble).<ref name="Cotton 1964 153–157">{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|pp=153–157}}</ref>|group=n}} At {{convert|14.5|LT|t|abbr=in}}, Great George is the third most massive bell in the British Isles; only the {{convert|16.5|LT|t|abbr=in}} [[St Paul's Cathedral#Great Paul|"Great Paul" of St Paul's Cathedral]] in London, and the [[Olympic Bell|2012 Olympic Bell]] (22.91 tonnes) are heavier. However, as the Olympic bell is never rung,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/olympic-bell-falls-silent-c75ljwp66 |title=Ringing off: 23 tonne London Olympic bell falls silent |work=The Times |date=1 April 2016 |access-date=17 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017043015/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/olympic-bell-falls-silent-c75ljwp66 |archive-date=17 October 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Great George is currently the second largest working bell in the British Isles. Great George, cast by [[John Taylor Bellfounders|Taylors of Loughborough]] and named in memory of George V, is hung in a pendant position and is sounded by means of a counterbalanced clapper.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=152}}</ref>

===Music===
[[File:K6PhoneBox.jpg|thumb|upright|A [[Red telephone box|K6 telephone box]], also designed by [[Sir Giles Gilbert Scott]], in the cathedral]]
;Organ
The organ, built by [[Henry Willis & Sons]], is the largest [[pipe organ]] in the UK, and one of the largest musical instruments in the world. It has two five-manual consoles (one sited high up in one of the organ cases and the other, a mobile console, on the floor of the cathedral), 10,268 pipes and a [[trompette militaire]].<ref>{{cite web
 |title        = The Organ in the Anglican Cathedral, Liverpool
 |website      = Liverpool Organs
 |url          = http://www.liv.ac.uk/~spmr02/organ/anglican.html
 |url-status   = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130527055821/http://www.liv.ac.uk/~spmr02/organ/anglican.html
 |archive-date = 27 May 2013
|df           = dmy-all
}}</ref> There is an annual anniversary recital on the Saturday nearest to 18 October, the date of the organ's consecration. There is a separate two-manual Willis organ in the Lady Chapel.<ref>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|pp=159–164}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 |title        = The Lady Chapel Organ in the Anglican Cathedral, Liverpool
 |website      = Liverpool Organs
 |url          = http://www.liv.ac.uk/~spmr02/organ/ladychapel.html
 |url-status   = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130128124447/http://www.liv.ac.uk/~spmr02/organ/ladychapel.html
 |archive-date = 28 January 2013
|df           = dmy-all
}}</ref>

;Organists and Directors of Music
* 1880–1916 – Frederick Hampton Burstall (died 1916) <ref>{{Cite book |last=Grey |first=Clive |title=Choral Music at Liverpool Cathedral. Part One. Frederick Hampton Burstall. The life and work of Liverpool Cathedral's first organist and choirmaster. |date=2024 |publisher=Biddles Books |isbn=978-1-916838-80-2 |location=King's Lynn, Norfolk}}</ref>
* 1916–1955 – Walter Henry Goss-Custard (Cathedral Organist)
* 1925–1948 – Edgar Cyril Robinson (Choral Conductor) 
* 1948–1982 – Ronald Woan (Director of Music)
* 1955–1980 – [[Noel Rawsthorne]] (Cathedral Organist)
* 1980–present – [[Ian Tracey (organist)|Ian Tracey]] (Organist and Master of the Choristers – 1982–2008. Cathedral Organist – 2008–)
* 2008–2017 – David Poulter (Director of Music)
* 2017–2021 – Lee Ward (Director of Music)
* 2022–present – Stephen Mannings (Director of Music)

;Assistant/Sub-Organists
{{Incomplete list|date=December 2008}}
* Noel Rawsthorne 1949–1955 (afterwards organist)
* Lewis Rust (part-time) student at Liverpool Institute and ex-chorister
* Ian Tracey 1976–1980 (afterwards organist)
* Ian Wells 1980–2007
* Daniel Bishop 2010–2023
* Alexander Fishburn 2024

;Organ scholars
* Lewis Rust (approx dates 1960–1970)
* Ian Tracey (organist) 
* Ian Wells (later, Holy Trinity, Southport)
* Geoff Williams 1983–1985 (now Director of Music, St Anne's Stanley)
* Stephen Disley (later assistant organist and director of the girls' choir, Southwark Cathedral)
* Paul Daggett
* Martin Payne 1994–1995
* David Leahey 1995–1997
* Keith Hearnshaw 1997–1998
* Michael Wynne
* Gerrard Callacher
* Daniel Bishop (afterwards Sub Organist)
* Shean Bowers 2004–2006 (later assistant director of music at Bath Abbey)
* Samuel Austin 2007–2008 (later assistant director of music at Aldenham School)
* Martyn Noble (2009–2011) Now Acting Director of Music, HM Chapel Royal, St James's Palace.
* James Speakman (2011–2012)
* Daniel Mansfield (2014–2019) Now Director of Music, Holy Trinity, Southport. 
* William Jeys (2019–2020)
* Daniel Greenway – Organ Scholar (2020–2021) Now Organ Scholar, Keble College, Oxford. Organ Scholar Elect of Westminster Cathedral.
* John Zhang – Organ Scholar (2021–2022) Now Organ Scholar, St Catharine's College, Cambridge 
* Matthew Breen – Organ Scholar 2021–2023 (now Assistant Director of Music, St Finbarre's Cathedral, Cork)
* Freddy Harvey – Organ Scholar 2023-2024 (now Organ Scholar, Lincoln Cathedral)
* Edward Carew - Organ Scholar 2024–Present

===Artists and sculptors===
[[File:Liverpool Anglican Cathedral High Altar, Liverpool, UK - Diliff.jpg|thumb|upright|The high altar]]
In 1931, Scott asked [[Edward Carter Preston]] to produce a series of sculptures for Liverpool Cathedral. The project was an immense undertaking which occupied the artist for the next thirty years. The work for the cathedral included fifty sculptures, ten memorials and several reliefs. Many inscriptions in the cathedral were jointly written by Dean Dwelly and the sculptor who subsequently carved them.

To celebrate [[Queen Elizabeth II]] Silver Jubilee in 1977, [[Mary Farmer]] was commissioned to weave 6 kneelers for the Nave Altar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Catalogue, Rugs for Churches |url=https://collections.craftscouncil.org.uk/object-am397 |website=Crafts Council Collections Online |access-date=9 January 2025 |language=en}}</ref>

In 1993, "The Welcoming Christ", a large bronze sculpture by [[Elisabeth Frink|Dame Elisabeth Frink]], was installed over the outside of the west door of the cathedral.<ref name="Art in the Cathedral">{{cite web|title=Art in the Cathedral|url=http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/home/about-us/art-in-the-cathedral.aspx|access-date=27 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909214749/http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/home/about-us/art-in-the-cathedral.aspx|archive-date=9 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> This was one of her last completed works, installed within days of her death.<ref>{{cite book|title=Discovering Cathedrals|first=David|last=Pepin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qxs7peepspMC&pg=PA87|date=2004|publisher=Shire Publications|location=Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire, UK|access-date=27 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424053858/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qxs7peepspMC&pg=PA87&lpg=PA87|archive-date=24 April 2016|url-status=live|isbn=9780747805977}}</ref>

In 2003, the Liverpool artist, Don McKinlay, who knew Carter Preston from his youth, was commissioned by the cathedral to model an infant Christ to accompany the 15th century Madonna by Giovanni della Robbia Madonna now situated in the Lady Chapel.<ref>[http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:UKNB:LDPC&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=133590EFAC2452D0&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=102CDD40F14C6BDA "Hidden gems"], ''Daily Post'', Liverpool, 6 November 2010</ref>

In 2008, a work entitled "For You" by [[Tracey Emin]] was installed at the west end of the cathedral below the Benedicite window. The pink neon sign reads "I felt you and I knew you loved me", and was installed when Liverpool became European Capital of Culture. The work was originally intended to be a temporary installation for one month as part of the Capital of Culture programme, but is now a permanent feature.<ref name="Art in the Cathedral"/>

Another work by Emin, "The Roman Standard" takes the form of a small bronze sparrow on a metal pole, and was installed in 2005 outside the [[The Oratory, Liverpool|Oratory Chapel]] close to the west end of the cathedral.<ref>{{cite news|title=Emin unveils sparrow sculpture|website=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/4293245.stm|access-date=12 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917041652/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/4293245.stm|archive-date=17 September 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> The sparrow was stolen (twice) in 2008, but on both occasions was returned and replaced.<ref>{{cite news|title=Stolen Emin sparrow returns again|website=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/7614218.stm|access-date=12 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915230442/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/7614218.stm|archive-date=15 September 2008|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:"Outraged Christ", Liverpool Cathedral - geograph.org.uk - 4584709.jpg|thumb|upright|''The Outraged Christ'' (2011) wooden sculpture by [[Charles Lutyens]] on display in the cathedral]]
The 15-feet high 2011 crucifixion sculpture ''The Outraged Christ'' by [[Charles Lutyens]] is on permanent display in the cathedral.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://liverpoolcathedral.org.uk/about-us/art-in-the-cathedral/ | title=The Outraged Christ by Charles Lutyens | work=Art In The Cathedral | publisher=Liverpool Cathedral | location=UK | access-date=2 September 2024 }}</ref>

Cefyn Burgess was commissioned around 2018 to design and weave new fabrics for the cathedral based on the songs of Solomon including altar cloths and kneelers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Commissions |url=https://www.cefynburgess.co.uk/commissions#/liverpool-cathedral/ |website=Cefyn burgess |access-date=9 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Liverpool cathedral textiles |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r7GFXafsE9w |website=YouTube |access-date=9 January 2025 |date=10 October 2018}}</ref>

In 2024, to mark what was described in the press as its "100th anniversary", the cathedral hosted a show by sculptor [[Anish Kapoor]]. He said:
{{blockquote|"To show works in Liverpool Cathedral is complex. It is a space that is alive both with the physical and spiritual. As such it is resonant with a powerful sense of body and the disembodied. The works that I have chosen to show in the cathedral are situated similarly between body and materiality and geometric immaterial which I refer to as the non-object. It is my hope that this conjunction of object and non-object here in this immense and potent space will be cause for reflection on the nature of religious experience and the human condition."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=George |date=2024-08-09 |title=Liverpool Cathedral to Celebrate 100th Anniversary by Hosting Anish Kapoor Exhibition |url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/liverpool-cathedral-hosts-anish-kapoor-show-as-part-of-100th-anniversary-celebrations-1234714033/ |access-date=2024-08-18 |website=ARTnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>}}

===Stained glass===
{{main|Stained glass in Liverpool Cathedral}}
[[File:Stained glass window, Liverpool Cathedral (1).JPG|thumb|left|upright|West window]]
The firm of [[James Powell and Sons]] (Whitefriars), Ltd., of London, provided most of the stained glass designs. John William Brown (1842–1928) designed the ''[[Te Deum]]'' window in the east end of the cathedral, as well as the original windows for the Lady Chapel, which was heavily damaged during [[Liverpool Blitz|German bombing raids]] in 1940. The glass in the Lady Chapel was replaced with designs, based on the originals, by [[James Humphries Hogan]] (1883–1948). He was one of the most prolific of the Powell and Sons designers; his designs can also be seen in the large north and south windows in the central space of the cathedral (each 100 feet tall). Later artists include [[William Wilson (artist)|William Wilson]] (1905–1972), who began his work at Liverpool Cathedral after the death of Hogan, [[Herbert Hendrie]] (1887–1946), and [[Carl Johannes Edwards|Carl Edwards]] (1914–1985), who designed the ''[[Benedicite]]'' window in the west front. The cathedral has approximately 1,700 m<sup>2</sup> of stained glass.<ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/whats-on/arts-culture-news/liverpool-cathedral-11-things-you-8469079 |title = Liverpool Cathedral: 11 things you never knew about historic landmark |date = 18 January 2015 |work = Liverpool Echo |last = Purvis |first = Sean |access-date = 4 February 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160311204534/http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/whats-on/arts-culture-news/liverpool-cathedral-11-things-you-8469079 |archive-date = 11 March 2016 |url-status = live }}</ref>

==Burials==
Bishop Chavasse and [[Sir Giles Gilbert Scott]] are buried in the precinct of the cathedral, the former in Founder's Plot, and the latter at the west end of the site.<ref name=c148>{{harvnb|Cotton|1964|p=148}}</ref> Clergy buried within the cathedral include the bishops [[Albert David (bishop)|Albert David]] and [[David Sheppard]]. Among the benefactors whose remains are buried in the cathedral are [[William Vestey, 1st Baron Vestey|The 1st Baron Vestey]] and his brother, [[Sir Edmund Vestey, 1st Baronet|Sir Edmund Vestey]], and [[Sir Frederick Morton Radcliffe]] and his wife Lady Maggie Radcliffe. The ashes of the donor of the cathedral bells, Thomas Bartlett, are interred in a casket in the ringing room.<ref name=c148/> At the rear of the memorial to the [[55th (West Lancashire) Division]] rest the ashes of [[Lieutenant General (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant-General]] [[Hugh Jeudwine|Sir Hugh Jeudwine]], who commanded the division from its formation in 1916 until the end of the [[First World War]].<ref>{{cite web|title=War Memorial Archive|url=http://www.ukniwm.org.uk/server/show/conMemorial.15148/fromUkniwmSearch/1|website=Imperial War Museum|access-date=7 October 2014}}</ref> [[Victoria Cross]] recipient Sergeant [[Arthur Herbert Lindsay Richardson]] is buried here, having been re-interred from the [[St. James Cemetery]].<ref name=vcbl>{{cite web |url=http://www.victoriacross.org.uk/coliverp.htm |title=Grave Location for Holders of the Victoria Cross in the City of Liverpool |access-date=27 February 2016}}</ref>

==Depictions==
An original painting of the cathedral by [[Judy Joel]] appears on the First Class stamp in the [[Royal Mail]]'s 2024 series of special Christmas stamps.<ref>{{cite news |title=Snowy cathedral scenes for 2024 Christmas stamps |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/articles/cm2761e0052o |access-date=14 November 2024 |work=BBC Newsround |date=5 November 2024}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Christianity}}
* [[Grade I listed churches in Merseyside]]
* [[Architecture of Liverpool]]
* [[Liverpool Cathedral Constables]]
* [[Giles Gilbert Scott]]

==Notes and references==
'''Notes'''
{{Reflist|group=n|colwidth=48em}}
'''References'''
{{Reflist|colwidth=25em}}
'''Sources'''
* {{cite book|last1=Bailey |first1= F A|last2=Millington|first2=R |year=1957 |title= The Story of Liverpool|location=Liverpool |publisher=Corporation of the City of Liverpool |oclc=19865965 }}
* {{cite book| last1 = Brandwood| first1 = Geoff|  last2 = Austin| first2 = Tim| last3 = Hughes| first3 = John| last4 = Price| first4 = James| year = 2012| title = The Architecture of Sharpe, Paley and Austin| location = Swindon| publisher = [[English Heritage]]| isbn = 978-1-84802-049-8}}
* {{cite book|last=Cotton |first=Vere E |year=1964 |title=The Book of Liverpool Cathedral |location=Liverpool |publisher=Liverpool University Press |oclc=2286856}}
* {{cite book|title=Charles Reilly & the Liverpool School of Architecture 1904–1933|chapter=Liverpool and Architectural Education in the Early Twentieth Century|last=Powers|first=Alan|editor=Sharples, Joseph|pages=[https://archive.org/details/charlesreillyliv00live/page/1 1–23]|location=Liverpool|publisher=Liverpool University Press|year=1996|isbn=0-85323-901-0|url=https://archive.org/details/charlesreillyliv00live/page/1}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book|last= Cotton |first= Vere E |year= 1964|title=The Liverpool Cathedral Official Handbook |location= Liverpool |publisher= Littlebury Bros for Liverpool Cathedral Committee |oclc=44551681|ref=none }}
* {{cite book|last=Vincent |first= Noel|year=2002 |title= The Stained Glass of Liverpool Cathedral |location=Norwich |publisher=Jarrold |isbn=0-7117-2589-6 }}
* {{cite book|last=Thomas |first= John|year=2018 |title= Liverpool Cathedral. Themes and Forms in a Great Modern Church Building. |location=Wolverhampton |publisher=Twin Books|isbn=978-0-9934781-3-0 }}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Liverpool Anglican Cathedral}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110810143829/http://www.liverpoolpictorial.co.uk/anglicancathedral/index.html Liverpool Pictorial Images of Liverpool Anglican cathedral]
* {{Official website|http://www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk}}
* [http://choral-evensong.spaces.live.com/ Catherdral Blog] website containing daily Cathedral blog, and all sermons, talks, lectures and courses given in the Cathedral in text and mp3 file format
* [http://www.theliverpoolshakespearefestival.co.uk The Liverpool Shakespeare Festival] Annual theatrical performance inside the Cathedral
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081015065001/http://www.discover360.co.uk/portfolio_liverpool_cathedral.html Virtual Tours of Liverpool Cathedral] Virtual Tours of Liverpool Cathedral
* [http://icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk/0100news/0100regionalnews/tm_objectid=15641855&method=full&siteid=50061&headline=cathedral-unveils-vision-for--pound-1-1m-bridge-of-hope-name_page.html New Bridge design]
* Description and pictures of the [http://www.livcathorgan.homestead.com/lcoindex.html cathedral organ].
* [http://www.npor.org.uk/cgi-bin/Rsearch.cgi?Fn=Rsearch&rec_index=E00301 Details of the main organ from the National Pipe Organ Register]
* [http://www.npor.org.uk/cgi-bin/Rsearch.cgi?Fn=Rsearch&rec_index=N12273 Details of the organ in the Lady Chapel from the National Pipe Organ Register]
* Details of the Cathedral bells from [http://dove.cccbr.org.uk/detail.php?DoveID=LIVERPL Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers]
* [http://www.liverpooldailypost.co.uk/liverpool-life-features/liverpool-special-features/2007/11/27/taking-strength-from-a-unique-family-history-64375-20164867/ Interview with Canon Justin Welby, dean of Liverpool Cathedral]
* [https://sites.google.com/site/liverpoolkirk St. Andrew's Church of Scotland Liverpool website]
* {{mmukscaled|SJ354894|25|Map of the cathedral at Grid Ref SJ 354,894}}

{{Cathedrals of the Church of England}}
{{Liverpool B&S}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Liverpool Anglican Cathedral| ]]
[[Category:Anglican cathedrals in England]]
[[Category:Anglican Diocese of Liverpool|Cathedral]]
[[Category:British churches bombed by the Luftwaffe]]
[[Category:Churches completed in 1978]]
[[Category:Churches in Liverpool]]
[[Category:Giles Gilbert Scott church buildings]]
[[Category:Gothic Revival architecture in Merseyside]]
[[Category:Gothic Revival church buildings in England]]
[[Category:Grade I listed buildings in Liverpool|Cathedral]]
[[Category:Grade I listed cathedrals]]
[[Category:Sandstone churches in England]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Liverpool]]
[[Category:20th-century church buildings in England]]