View source for List of video game developers

{{Short description|None}}
{{update|date=September 2018}}
{{Video game industry}}This is a '''list of notable video game companies that have made games''' for either computers (like PC or Mac), video game consoles, handheld or mobile devices, and includes companies that currently exist as well as now-defut companies.

See the [[list of video games]] for other lists relating to video games, and [[:Category:defunct video game companies|defunct video game companies]] for a more specific list of companies that no longer exist. Many of the developers publish their own games.

{{Compact TOC|side=no|num=yes|seealso=yes|refs=yes}}

==List of notable developers==
<!--NOTE: To be included in this list, the video game developer must be "notable", which means it must have an article written first (see also WP:GNG and WP:WTAF for more information).-->
{{Inc-vg|date=September 2014}}
{| class="wikitable" style="width:200px;"
|+ Legend
|- style="text-align:center;"
| Active independently
|- style="background:#c9daff; text-align:center;"
| Active as subsidiary
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;" text-align:center;"
| Defunct and no longer active
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
|-
! style="width:150px;" | Developer
! style="width:130px;" | City
![[Administrative division]]
! style="width:100px;" | Country
! style="width:15px;" | Est.
! class="unsortable" style="width:200px;" | Notable games, series or franchises
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[0verflow]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1997
| [[School Days (visual novel)|''School Days'']]<br />''[[Summer Days]]''<br />''[[Cross Days]]''
|[[Visual Novel]] brand (both developer and publisher)
|-
| [[11 Bit Studios]]
| [[Warsaw]]
|[[Masovian Voivodeship]]
| Poland
| 2010
| ''[[This War of Mine]]''<br />''[[Frostpunk]]'' series
| Indie developer/publisher
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[1C Company]]
| [[Moscow]]
|
| Russia
| 1991
| ''[[King's Bounty: Warriors of the North]]''
| The company still exists, but {{interlanguage link|Snowball Studios|ru|Snowball Studios}}, the game development subsidiary, was dissolved in 2012 and former employees of the studios formed Snowbird Game Studios, and [[1C Company#Video games|1C Entertainment]], the game publishing, localization, and development subsidiary, was acquired by Tencent and was renamed Fulqrum Games in 2022.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[1-Up Studio]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2000
| ''[[Mother 3]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Nintendo]]. Formed by former employees of [[Square (video game company)|Square]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[2K Czech]]
| [[Brno]]
|
| Czech Republic
| 1997
|''[[Mafia (video game)|Mafia]]''<br />''[[Mafia II]]''
| Former subsidiary of [[2K (company)|2K]]; previously known as Illusion Softworks; closed in 2017 after merged into [[Hangar 13 (company)|Hangar 13]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[2K (company)|2K]]
| [[Novato, California|Novato]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2005
|
| Developer/publisher/distributor/marketer; owned by [[Take-Two Interactive]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[38 Studios]]
| [[Providence, Rhode Island|Providence]]
| [[Rhode Island]]
| United States
| 2006
| ''[[Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning]]''
| Defunct in 2012; their assets were acquired by [[THQ Nordic]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[3D Realms]]
| [[Garland, Texas|Garland]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1987
| ''[[Duke Nukem]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Saber Interactive]] in 2021
|-
| [[42 Entertainment]]
| [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1993
| ''[[I Love Bees]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[4A Games]]
| [[Kyiv]]<br>[[Sliema]]
|
| Ukraine<br>Malta
| 2005<br>2014
| ''[[Metro 2033 (video game)|Metro]]'' series
| They moved its headquarters from Ukraine to Malta; acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2020<ref name="embracer-202008">[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-08-13-embracer-group-acquires-multiple-studios-including-4a-games Embracer Group acquires multiple studios, including 4A Games]. GamesIndustry.biz. August 13, 2020.</ref>
|-
| [[5th Cell]]
| [[Bellevue, Washington|Bellevue]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2003
|''[[Scribblenauts (series)|Scribblenauts]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[989 Studios]]
| [[Foster City, California|Foster City]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1995
| ''[[Twisted Metal]] III–4''<br>''[[Jet Moto 2124]]''
| Division of [[Sony Computer Entertainment America]]
|- id="A" style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Acclaim Entertainment]]
| [[Glen Cove, New York|Glen Cove]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 1987
|
| Developer/Publisher; declared Bankruptcy August 2004
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Iguana Entertainment|Acclaim Studios Austin]]
| [[Santa Clara, California|Santa Clara]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1991
| ''[[Turok (video game series)|Turok]]'' series<br>''[[All-Star Baseball]]'' series<br>''[[List of South Park video games|South Park]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Acclaim Entertainment]] in 1995
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Accolade, Inc.|Accolade]]
| [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1984
| ''[[HardBall!]]'' series<br>''[[Star Control]]'' series<br>''[[Test Drive (series)|Test Drive]] II–III''
| Former publisher and developer. Acquired by [[Atari, SA]] née [[Infogrames]] in 1999, name retired.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Access Games]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 2002
| ''[[Deadly Premonition]]''
| Subsidiary of {{interlanguage link|Digital Media Lab|ja|デジタル・メディア・ラボ}}
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Access Software]]
| [[Salt Lake City]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 1982
| ''[[Under a Killing Moon]]''<br>''[[The Pandora Directive]]''<br>''[[Top Spin (video game)|Top Spin]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Microsoft]]
|-
| [[ACE Team]]
| [[Santiago de Chile]]
|
| Chile
| 2007
| ''[[Zeno Clash]]'' series<br>''[[Rock of Ages (video game)|Rock of Ages]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Acquire (company)|Acquire]] 
|[[Tokyo|Chiyoda, Tokyo]]
|
|Japan
|1994
|''[[Tenchu]]'' series<br>''[[Way of the Samurai]]'' series<br>''[[Shinobido: Way of the Ninja|Shinobido]]'' series<br>''[[Akiba's Trip|Akiba]]'' series<br>''[[What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?|No Heroes Allowed!]]'' series<br>''[[Octopath Traveler]]'' series<br>''[[Mario & Luigi: Brothership]]''
|Developer/publisher; acquired by [[GungHo Online Entertainment]] in 2011 and then acquired by [[Kadokawa Corporation]] in 2024 
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Action Forms]]
| [[Kyiv]]
|
| Ukraine
| 1995
| ''[[Carnivores (series)|Carnivores]]'' series
| Their main employees moved to [[Tatem Games]]
|-
| [[Active Gaming Media]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 2006
|
| Game localization, debugging/testing, international indie game distribution, publishing
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Activision]]
| [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1979
| ''[[Call of Duty]]'' series<br>''[[Interstate '76|Interstate]]'' series<br>''[[MechWarrior 2: 31st Century Combat|MechWarrior 2]]''
| Also video game publisher; acquired several other developers; merged with [[Vivendi Games]] to form [[Activision Blizzard]] in 2008; acquired by [[Microsoft]] in 2023<ref name="microsoft-activision-2023">[https://www.theverge.com/2023/10/13/23791235/microsoft-activision-blizzard-acquisition-complete-finalized Microsoft Activision Blizzard Acquisition Complete Finalized]. TheVerge,  October 13th, 2023.</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
|-
| [[AdHoc Studio]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2018
| ''[[Dispatch (video game)|Dispatch]]''<br>''[[The Wolf Among Us 2]]''
| Indie developer / publisher formed by former [[Telltale Games]] employees
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Adventure Soft]]
| [[Birmingham]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1992
| [[Simon the Sorcerer (series)|Simon the Sorcerer]] series
| The development company is now defunct but the publishing company, Adventure Soft Publishing, is still active.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Akella]]
| [[Moscow]]
|
| Russia
| 1995
| ''[[Age of Sail II]]''<br>''[[Age of Pirates: Caribbean Tales|Age of Pirates]]'' series<br>''[[Sea Dogs (video game)|Sea Dogs]]''
| Defunct in 2012
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Alfa System]]
| [[Kumamoto City]]
|
| Japan
| 1988
| ''[[Tales of the World: Radiant Mythology|Tales of the World]]'' series<br>''[[Oreshika: Tainted Bloodlines|Oreshika]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Meteorise]] in 2021
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[AlphaDream]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2000
| [[Mario & Luigi|Mario & Luigi series]]
| Defunct in 2019
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Amazon Games]]
| [[Seattle, WA|Seattle]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2012
| ''[[New World (video game)|New World]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Amazon.com]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Animation Magic]]
| [[Gaithersburg, Maryland|Gaithersburg]]
| [[Maryland]]
| United States
| 1991
| ''[[Link: The Faces of Evil and Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon|Link: The Faces of Evil<br> Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon]]''
| Acquired by [[Davidson & Associates]], a subsidiary of Cendant Software (latterly [[Vivendi Games]]), in 1997; closed in 2001
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Double Helix Games|Amazon Game Studios, Orange County]] (formerly Double Helix Games)
| [[Irvine, California|Irvine]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2007
| ''[[Silent Hill: Homecoming]]''<br>''[[Killer Instinct (2013 video game)|Killer Instinct]]''<br>''[[Front Mission Evolved]]''
| acquired by [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] and incorporated in [[Amazon Game Studios]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ambrella]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1996
| ''[[Hey You, Pikachu!]]''<br>''[[Pokémon Rumble]]'' series
| Acquired and merged by [[Creatures (company)|Creatures]] in 2020
|-
| [[Ancient (company)|Ancient]]
| [[Hino, Tokyo|Hino]]
|
| Japan
| 1990
| ''[[Protect Me Knight|Gotta Protectors]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Anino Games|Anino]]
| [[Manila]]
|
| Philippines
| 2001
| ''[[Despicable Me (video game)|Despicable Me: Minion Mania]]''
|
|-
| [[Ankama#Video games|Ankama]]
| [[Roubaix]]
|
| France
| 2001
| ''[[Wakfu]]''<br>''[[Dofus]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Appy Entertainment]]
| [[Carlsbad, California|Carlsbad]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2008
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[AQ Interactive]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2005
|
| Merged into [[Marvelous Entertainment]] in 2011
|-
| [[Aquria]]
| [[Yokohama]]
| [[Kanagawa Prefecture|Kanagawa]]
| Japan
| 2002
| ''[[Sword Art Online#Video games|Sword Art Online]]'' series<br>''[[The Caligula Effect]]''
|
|-
| [[Arc System Works]]
| [[Yokohama]]
|
| Japan
| 1988
| ''[[Guilty Gear]]'' series<br>''[[BlazBlue]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Ball FighterZ]]''<br>''[[Granblue Fantasy Versus]]'' series<br>''[[Umamusume: Pretty Derby#Umamusume Pretty Derby: Party Dash|Umamusume Pretty Derby: Party Dash]]''<br>''[[Marvel Tōkon: Fighting Souls]]''
| Developer/publisher
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Arcane Kids]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2010
| ''[[Bubsy 3D: Bubsy Visits the James Turrell Retrospective]]''<br>''[[Sonic Dreams Collection]]''
|
|-
| [[Arcen Games]]
| [[Durham, North Carolina|Durham]]
| [[North Carolina]]
| United States
| 2009
| ''[[AI War: Fleet Command|AI War]]'' series<br>''[[A Valley Without Wind]] series''<br>''[[Bionic Dues]]''<br>''[[The Last Federation]]''<br />''[[Starward Rogue]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Arkane Studios]]
| [[Lyon]]
|
| France
| 1999
| ''[[Arx Fatalis]]''<br>''[[Deathloop]]''<br>''[[Dishonored (series)|Dishonored]]'' series<br>''[[Prey (2017 video game)|Prey]]''
| Subsidiary of [[ZeniMax Media]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Arkedo Studio]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 2006
| ''[[Hell Yeah! Wrath of the Dead Rabbit]]''
| Defunct in 2013
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[ArenaNet]]
| [[Bellevue, Washington|Bellevue]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[Guild Wars]]''<br>''[[Guild Wars 2]]''
|Subsidiary of [[NCSoft]]
|-
| [[Arika]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1995
| ''[[Endless Ocean]]'' series<br>''[[Street Fighter EX]]'' series<br>''[[Tetris: The Grand Master]]'' series<br>''[[Tetris 99]]''<br>''[[Pac-Man 99]]''<br>''[[Tekken 8]]''
|
|-
| [[Arrowhead Game Studios]]
| [[Skellefteå, Sweden|Skellefteå]]
| 
| Sweden
| 2008
|''[[Helldivers]]'' series
|-
| [[Arkadium]]
| [[New York City|New York]] 
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[Microsoft Minesweeper]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Artech Digital Entertainment]]
| [[Ottawa]] 
| [[Ontario]]
| Canada
| 1982
| ''[[Monopoly Star Wars]]''<br>''[[Monopoly (2000 video game)|Monopoly (2000)]]''
| Defunct in 2011
|-
| [[Artdink]]
| [[Tsukishima]]
|
| Japan
| 1986
| ''[[A-Train]]'' series<br>''[[Sword Art Online#Video games|Sword Art Online]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Quest]] HD-2D Remake'' series
|
|-
| [[ArtePiazza]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1989
| [[Super Mario RPG#Remake|''Super Mario RPG'' remake]]
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Artificial Studios]]
| [[Gainesville, Florida|Gainesville]]
| [[Florida]]
| United States
| 2001
|
| Subsumed by [[UTV Ignition Games|Ignition Entertainment]] which was defunct in 2012
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Artoon]]
| [[Yokohama]]
|
| Japan
| 1999
| ''[[Yoshi's Island DS]]''
| Subsidiary of [[AQ Interactive]]; defunct in 2010
|-
| [[Arzest]]
| [[Yokohama]]
|
| Japan
|2010
| ''[[Wii Play: Motion]]''<br>''[[Yoshi's New Island]]''<br>''[[Sonic Superstars]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[Artoon]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ascaron]]
| [[Gütersloh]]
|
| Germany
| 1989
| ''[[Sacred (video game)|Sacred]]'' series
| Developer/publisher; closed in 2009
|-
| [[Asobo Studio]]
| [[Bordeaux]]
|
| France
| 2002
| ''[[Kinect Rush: A Disney–Pixar Adventure]]''<br>''[[Monopoly video games|Monopoly Plus]]''<br>''[[A Plague Tale: Innocence|A Plague Tale]]'' series<br>''[[Microsoft Flight Simulator]]'' series <small>(2020–)</small>
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Aspyr]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1996
|
| Game porting. Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] as a subsidiary of [[Saber Interactive]] in 2021.
|-
| [[Atelier 801]]
| [[Lille]]
| [[Hauts-de-France]]
| France
| 2011
| ''[[Transformice]]''<br>''Dead Maze''
| Indie developer/publisher
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Atari Interactive#Infogrames subsidiary|Atari Interactive]] (formerly [[Hasbro Interactive]])
| [[Pawtucket, Rhode Island|Pawtucket]]
| [[Rhode Island]]
| United States
| 1995
|
| Acquired by Infogrames in 2001
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Atlus]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1986
| ''[[Megami Tensei]]'' franchise
*''[[Megami Tensei|Shin Megami Tensei]]'' series
*''[[Persona (series)|Persona]]'' series
*''[[Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner|Devil Summoner]]'' series
*''[[Tokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FE]]''

''[[Etrian Odyssey (series)|Etrian Odyssey]]'' series<br>''[[Trauma Center (video game series)|Trauma Center]]'' series<br>''[[Catherine (video game)|Catherine]]''
| Developer/publisher; acquired by [[Sega]] in 2013
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Attic Entertainment Software]]
| [[Albstadt]]
|
| Germany
| 1990
| ''[[Realms of Arkania: Blade of Destiny]]''
| Developer/publisher; defunct in 2001
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Audiogenic]]
| [[Essex]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1985
| ''[[Brian Lara Cricket (series)|Brian Lara Cricket]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Avalanche Studios Group]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 2003
| ''[[Just Cause (video game series)|Just Cause]]'' series<br>''[[theHunter]]'' series<br>''[[Rage 2]]''
| Acquired by [[Nordisk Film]] in 2018
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Aventurine SA]]
| [[Athens]]
|
| Greece
| 2002
| ''[[Darkfall]]''
|
|- id="B" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Bandai Namco Entertainment]]<br>[[Bandai Namco Studios]]
|[[Minato, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1955<br>2012
| ''[[List of Pac-Man video games|Pac-Man]]'' franchise<br>''[[Tekken]]'' franchise
* ''[[Tekken]]'' series
* ''[[Tekken Tag Tournament]]'' series
''[[Soul (series)|Soul Calibur]]'' series<br>''[[Tales (video game series)|Tales]]'' series<br>''[[Katamari]]'' series<br>''[[Klonoa]]'' series<br>''[[Ace Combat]]'' series<br>''[[The Idolmaster]]'' series<br>''[[Taiko no Tatsujin]]'' series<br>''[[God Eater]]'' series<br>''[[Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U]]''<br>''[[Pokkén Tournament]]''<br>''[[Mr. Driller]]'' series<br>''[[Kotoba no Puzzle: Mojipittan|Mojipittan]]'' series<br>''[[Family Stadium]]'' series<br>''[[Go Vacation]]''<br>''[[Code Vein]]''<br>''[[New Pokémon Snap]]''<br>''[[Kirby Air Riders]]''
| Bandai Namco Entertainment is a subsidiary of [[Bandai Namco Holdings]]; Bandai Namco Studios was split off from Bandai Namco Entertainment in 2012
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Bandai Namco Forge Digitals]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1994
| ''[[List of Digimon video games#Digimon World|Digimon World]]'' series<br>''[[Super Robot Wars]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Quest X#Remake|Dragon Quest X Offline]]''
| Formerly known as Banpre Kikaku and Banpresoft; Subsidiary of [[Bandai Namco Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Bauhaus Entertainment]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2006
|
| Division of {{interlanguage link|Imagica DigitalScape|ja|イマジカデジタルスケープ}}
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Beamdog]]
| [[Edmonton]]
| [[Alberta]]
| Canada
| 2009
| ''[[Baldur's Gate: Siege of Dragonspear]]''
| Acquired by [[Aspyr]] in 2022
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Beenox]]
| [[Quebec City]]
|[[Quebec]]
| Canada
| 2000
| ''[[List of Spider-Man video games|Spider-Man]]'' game series<br>''[[Crash Team Racing Nitro-Fueled]]''<br>''[[Guitar Hero Smash Hits]]''<br>''[[Skylanders: SuperChargers]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] on May 25, 2005
|-
| [[Behaviour Interactive]]
| [[Montreal]]
|[[Quebec]]
| Canada
| 1992
| ''[[Dead by Daylight]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Behaviour Santiago]]
| [[Santiago de Chile]]
|
| Chile
| 2002
| ''[[Assault Heroes]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Vivendi Games]] in 2007 and then acquired by [[Behaviour Interactive]] in 2008; closed in 2017
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Bend Studio]]
| [[Bend, Oregon|Bend]]
| [[Oregon]]
| United States
|1993 (Founded as Blank, Berlyn and Co., later Eidetic)
|''[[Syphon Filter]]'' series<br>''[[Days Gone]]''
|Founded by Blank, Berlyn and Co. and Eidetic, acquired by [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] as a part of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]] in 2000.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Bethesda Game Studios]]
| [[Rockville, Maryland|Rockville]]
| [[Maryland]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[The Elder Scrolls]]'' series<br>''[[Fallout (franchise)|Fallout]]'' series
| In-house development team of [[Bethesda Softworks LLC]] which is a subsidiary of [[ZeniMax Media]].
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Big Ant Studios]]
| Melbourne
|
| Australia
| 2000
| ''[[Rugby League Live]]'' series<br>''[[Rugby League 26]]''<br>''[[Don Bradman Cricket 14|Don Bradman Cricket]]'' series<br>''[[AFL Live]]''<br>''[[AFL 23]]''–<br>''[[Tiebreak: Official Game of the ATP and WTA|Tiebreak]]''
|Acquired by [[Nacon]] in 2021
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Big Blue Bubble]]
| [[London, Ontario|London]]
| [[Ontario]]
| Canada
| 2004
| ''[[My Singing Monsters]]'' franchise
| Acquired by [[Enad Global 7]] in 2020.<ref name="eg7-nov2020">[https://www.mcvuk.com/business-news/eg7-to-acquire-two-canadian-studios-mechwarrior-dev-piranha-games-my-singing-monsters-dev-big-blue-bubble/ EG7 to acquire two Canadian studios – Mechwarrior dev Piranha Games &amp; My Singing Monsters dev Big Blue Bubble]. MCV/DEVELOP. November 26, 2020.</ref>
|-
| [[Big Finish Games]]
| [[Salt Lake City]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 2007
| ''[[Tesla Effect: A Tex Murphy Adventure]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Big Huge Games]]
| [[Baltimore]]
| [[Maryland]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[Rise of Nations]]'' series<br>''[[Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning]]''<br>''[[DomiNations]]''
| Acquired by [[Nexon]] in 2016
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[BioWare]]
| [[Edmonton]]
| [[Alberta]]
| Canada
| 1995
| ''[[Baldur's Gate (series)|Baldur's Gate]]'' series<br>''[[Mass Effect (series)|Mass Effect]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Age (series)|Dragon Age]]'' series<br>''[[Neverwinter Nights (2002 video game)|Neverwinter Nights]]''<br>''[[Star Wars: The Old Republic]]''<br>''[[Anthem (video game)|Anthem]]''
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2007
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[The Bitmap Brothers]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1987
| ''[[Xenon (video game)|Xenon]]'' series
| Dissolved.<ref>[https://companycheck.co.uk/company/02718076/THE-BITMAP-BROTHERS-LIMITED/companies-house-data THE BITMAP BROTHERS LIMITED], Company Check</ref><ref>[https://companycheck.co.uk/company/03722282/THE-BITMAP-BROTHERS-NORTH-LIMITED/companies-house-data THE BITMAP BROTHERS (NORTH) LIMITED], Company Check</ref> Their portfolio was acquired by Rebellion Developments in 2019.<ref>[https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-11-25-rebellion-acquires-the-bitmap-brothers-classic-games-portfolio Rebellion acquires The Bitmap Brothers' classic games portfolio], Eurogamer.net, 25 November 2019</ref>
|-
| [[Best Way]]
| [[Luhansk]]
|
| Ukraine
| 1991
| ''[[Men of War]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Bits Studios]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1991
| ''[[Spider-Man: Return of the Sinister Six]]''
|Acquired by PlayWize in 2008
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Bizarre Creations]]
| [[Liverpool]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1994
| ''[[Project Gotham Racing (series)|Project Gotham Racing]]'' series<br>''[[Geometry Wars]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2007; defunct in 2011
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Black Forest Games]]
| [[Offenburg]]
|
| Germany
| 2012
| ''[[Giana Sisters: Twisted Dreams]]''<br>''[[Destroy All Humans!]]'' remake series
|Acquired by [[THQ Nordic]] in 2017
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
|[[Black Isle Studios]]
| [[Orange County, California|Orange County]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1996
|''[[Fallout 2]]''<br>''[[Planescape: Torment]]''<br>''[[Icewind Dale (series)|Icewind Dale]]''
|Subsidiary of [[Interplay Entertainment]]; closed in 2003
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Black Rock Studio]]
| [[Brighton]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1998
| ''[[MotoGP: Ultimate Racing Technology 2|MotoGP 2]]''<br>''[[ATV Offroad Fury 3]]''
| Defunct in 2011
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Blitz Games Studios]]
| [[Leamington Spa]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1990
| ''[[Karaoke Revolution]]''
| Liquidated<ref>[https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/02482913 BLITZ GAMES STUDIOS LIMITED], GOV.UK</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Blizzard Entertainment]]
| [[Irvine, California|Irvine]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1991
| ''[[Diablo (series)|Diablo]]'' series<br>''[[StarCraft (series)|StarCraft]]'' series<br>''[[Warcraft]]'' series<br>''[[Hearthstone]]''<br>''[[Heroes of the Storm]]''<br>''[[Overwatch (video game)|Overwatch]]''
| Developer/publisher; acquired by [[Vivendi]] and became part of [[Vivendi Games]] group in 1998; merged into [[Activision Blizzard]] in 2008
|-
| [[Bloober Team]]
| [[Kraków]]
|[[Lesser Poland Voivodeship]]
| Poland
| 2008
| ''[[Layers of Fear]]'' series<br>''[[Silent Hill#Remakes|Silent Hill]]'' remake series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Bluepoint Games]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 2006
| [[Shadow of the Colossus (2018 video game)|''Shadow of the Colossus'' remake]]<br>[[Demon's Souls (2020 video game)|''Demon's Souls'' remake]]
| Acquired by [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] in 2021
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Blue Fang Games]]
| [[Waltham, Massachusetts|Waltham]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Zoo Tycoon (series)|Zoo Tycoon]]'' series
| Shut down in 2011
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Blue Tongue Entertainment]]
| [[Melbourne]]
| [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
| Australia
| 1995
| ''[[Jurassic Park: Operation Genesis]]''<br>''[[de Blob]]''<br>''[[Marvel Super Hero Squad (video game)|Marvel Super Hero Squad]]''
| Shut down in 2011; subsidiary of [[THQ]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Krafton#Bluehole Studio|Bluehole Studio]]
| [[Seongnam]]
|
| South Korea
| 2007
| ''[[TERA (video game)|TERA]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Krafton]]
|-
| [[Bohemia Interactive]]
| [[Prague]]
|
| Czech Republic
| 1999
| ''[[Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis]]''<br>''[[Arma 2|Arma]]'' series<br>''[[Take On Helicopters]]''<br>''[[Carrier Command: Gaea Mission]]''<br>''[[DayZ (video game)|DayZ]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Boss Fight Entertainment]]
| [[McKinney, TX|McKinney]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 2013
| [[Squid Game#Related works|Squid Game: Unleashed]]
| Acquired by [[Netflix]] in 2022
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Boss Key Productions]]
| [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh]]
| [[North Carolina]]
| United States
| 2014
| ''[[LawBreakers]]''
| Founded by [[Cliff Bleszinski]] and [[Arjan Brussee]]
|-
| [[BreakAway Games]]
| [[Hunt Valley, MD|Hunt Valley]]
| [[Maryland]]
| United States
| 1998
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Broderbund]]
| [[Eugene, Oregon|Eugene]]
| [[Oregon]]
| United States
| 1980
| ''[[Prince of Persia (1989 video game)|Prince of Persia]]'' series
| Closed in 1998
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Budcat Creations]]
| [[Iowa City, Iowa|Iowa City]]
| [[Iowa]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[Madden NFL 2002]]'' handheld version
| Acquired by [[Activision Blizzard]] in 2008; defunct in 2010
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Bugbear Entertainment]]
| [[Helsinki]]
|
| Finland
| 2000
| ''[[FlatOut (video game)|FlatOut]]'' series<br>''[[Wreckfest]]'' series
| Acquired by [[THQ Nordic]] in 2018
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Bullfrog Productions]]
| [[Guildford]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1987
| ''[[Theme Park (video game)|Theme Park]]''<br>''[[Magic Carpet (video game)|Magic Carpet]]''<br>''[[Syndicate (1993 video game)|Syndicate]]''<br>''[[Dungeon Keeper]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 1995 and closed in 2001
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Bungie]]
| [[Bellevue, Washington|Bellevue]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1991
| ''[[Halo (series)|Halo]]'' series<br>''[[Marathon Trilogy|Marathon]]'' series<br>''[[Oni (video game)|Oni]]''<br>''[[Myth (series)|Myth]]''<br>''[[Pathways into Darkness]]''<br>''[[Minotaur: The Labyrinths of Crete]]''<br>''[[Operation: Desert Storm (video game)|Operation: Desert Storm]]''<br>''[[Destiny (video game)|Destiny]]'' series
| Formerly a subsidiary of [[Microsoft Game Studios]], acquired by [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] in 2022
|- id="C" 
| [[Camelot Software Planning]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1990
| ''[[Shining (series)|Shining]]'' series<br>''[[Mario Golf]]'' series<br>''[[Mario Tennis series|Mario Tennis]]'' series<br>''[[Golden Sun (series)|Golden Sun]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Capcom]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 1979
| ''[[Mega Man]]'' franchise
* ''[[Mega Man (original series)|Mega Man]]'' series
* ''[[Mega Man X]]'' series
* ''[[Mega Man Legends]]'' series
* ''[[Mega Man Battle Network]]'' series
* ''[[Mega Man Zero]]'' series
*''[[Mega Man ZX]]'' series
*[[Mega Man Star Force|''Mega Man Star'' ''Force'']] series

''[[Street Fighter]]'' franchise<br>''[[Resident Evil]]'' franchise<br>''[[Devil May Cry]]'' franchise<br>''[[Monster Hunter]]'' franchise
* [[Monster Hunter Stories]] series
''[[Ghosts 'n Goblins (series)|Ghost 'n Goblins]]'' series<br>''[[Strider Hiryu|Strider]]'' series<br>''[[Final Fight (series)|Final Fight]]'' series<br>''[[Dino Crisis]]'' series<br>''[[Darkstalkers]]'' series<br>''[[Ace Attorney]]'' franchise<br>''[[Onimusha]]'' series<br>''[[Sengoku Basara|Sengoku BASARA]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon's Dogma]]'' series<br>''[[Viewtiful Joe]]'' series<br>''[[Ōkami]]'' series<br>''[[Dead Rising (series)|Dead Rising]]'' series<br>''[[Marvel vs. Capcom]]'' series<br>''[[Breath of Fire]]'' series<br>''[[Bionic Commando]]''
| Developer/publisher
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Capcom Vancouver]]
| [[Burnaby]]
| [[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 2005
| ''[[Dead Rising (series)|Dead Rising]]'' series
| Founded as Blue Castle Games; acquired by [[Capcom]] in 2010; closed on September 18, 2018
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Carbine Studios]]
| [[Aliso Viejo, California|Aliso Viejo]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2005
|''[[WildStar (video game)|WildStar]]''
| Subsidiary of [[NCSoft]]
|-
| [[Cattle Call (company)|Cattle Call]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1998
| ''[[Metal Max]]'' series<br>''[[Arc the Lad]]'' series
| Formed by former employees of [[Data East]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Cauldron (company)|Cauldron]]
| [[Bratislava]]
|
| Slovakia
| 1996
| ''[[Chaser (video game)|Chaser]]''
| Their assets were acquired by [[Bohemia Interactive]]<ref>[https://www.pcgamer.com/dayz-developer-acquires-new-studio-to-work-on-standalone-version/ DayZ developer acquires new studio to work on standalone version - Update: Everything but the name], [[PC Gamer]], March 28, 2014</ref>
|-
| [[Cave (company)|Cave]]
| [[Shinjuku, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1994
| ''[[DoDonPachi]]'' series<br>''[[Mushihimesama]]'' series<br>''[[Deathsmiles]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Cavia (company)|Cavia]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2000
|''[[Drakengard]]'' series<br>''[[Nier (video game)|Nier]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[CCP Games]]
| [[Reykjavík]]
|
| Iceland
| 1997
| ''[[Eve Online]]''
| Their Newcastle studio was acquired by [[Sumo Digital]]. CCP Games itself was acquired by Pearl Abyss.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[CD Projekt Red]]
| [[Warsaw]]
|[[Masovian Voivodeship]]
| Poland
| 2002
| ''[[The Witcher (video game)|The Witcher]]'' series<br>''[[Cyberpunk 2077]]''
| Game development studio of [[CD Projekt]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Certain Affinity]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 2006
| ''[[Halo (series)|Halo]]'' series
|Co-developed the ''Halo'' series; acquired by [[Keywords Studios]] in 2024
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Chair Entertainment]]
| [[Salt Lake City]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 2005
|''[[Undertow (video game)|Undertow]]''<br>''[[Shadow Complex]]''<br>''[[Infinity Blade]]'' series
|Subsidiary of [[Epic Games]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Chunsoft]]
| [[Shinjuku|Shinjuku, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1984
| ''[[Mystery Dungeon]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Quest]]'' I–V
| Merged with [[Spike (company)|Spike]] to become [[Spike Chunsoft]] in 2012
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Cing]]
| [[Fukuoka]]
|
| Japan
| 1999
| ''[[Another Code: Two Memories|Another Code]]'' series<br>''[[Little King's Story]]''
|
|-
| [[Clap Hanz]]
| [[Yokohama]]
|
| Japan
| 1998
| ''[[Everybody's Golf]]'' series<br>''[[Everybody's Tennis]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Climax Entertainment]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1990
| ''[[Runabout (series)|Runabout]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Climax Studios]]
| [[Portsmouth]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1988
| ''[[Silent Hill: Origins]]''<br>''[[Silent Hill: Shattered Memories]]''<br>''[[Assassin's Creed Chronicles]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Keywords Studios]] in 2021
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Clover Studio]]
| [[Osaka]] 
|
| Japan
| 2004
| ''[[Viewtiful Joe]]'' series<br />''[[Ōkami|Okami]]''<br />''[[God Hand]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Capcom]]; became defunct in 2007.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Codemasters]]
| [[Southam]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1985
| ''[[Formula One video games|F1]]'' series<br>''[[Colin McRae Rally and Dirt]]'' series<br>''[[EA Sports WRC]]'' series<br>''[[Operation Flashpoint (series)|Operation Flashpoint]]'' series<br>''[[Race Driver: Grid|Grid]]'' series<br> ''[[Brian Lara Cricket (series)|Brian Lara Cricket]]'' series
| Former subsidiary of [[Reliance Entertainment]]; acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2021
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Coffee Stain Studios]]
| [[Skövde]]
|
| Sweden
| 2010
| ''[[Goat Simulator]]'' series<br>''[[Satisfactory]]''
| Acquired by THQ Nordic AB (latterly [[Embracer Group]]) in 2018
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Cohort Studios]]
| [[Cardiff]]
| [[Wales]]
| United Kingdom
| 2006
| ''[[Buzz! Junior]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Coktel Vision]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 1985
| ''[[Inca (video game)|Inca]]'' series
| Former publisher
|-
| [[Colossal Order]]
| [[Tampere]]
|
| Finland
| 2009
|''[[Cities in Motion]]''<br>''[[Cities: Skylines]]'' series
| Developer for [[Paradox Interactive]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Compile Heart]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2006
| ''[[Hyperdimension Neptunia]]'' franchise<br>''[[Mary Skelter: Nightmares|Mary Skelter]]'' series<br>''[[Record of Agarest War]]''
| Developer/publisher; subsidiary of [[Idea Factory]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Compulsion Games]]
|[[Montreal]]
|[[Quebec]]
|Canada
|2009
|''[[Contrast (video game)|Contrast]]''<br>''[[We Happy Few (video game)|We Happy Few]]''<br>''[[South of Midnight]]''
| Acquired by [[Microsoft Studios]] in 2018
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Com2uS]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 1998
| ''[[Summoners War: Sky Arena]]''<br>''[[Skylanders|Skylanders Ring of Heroes]]''
| Acquired by [[Gamevil]] in 2013
|-
| [[Com2uS Holdings]] (formerly Gamevil)
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 2000
| ''[[Zenonia]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Core Design]]
| [[Derby]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1988
| ''[[Tomb Raider (series)|Tomb Raider]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Eidos Interactive]]; closed down in 2006
|-
| [[Crafts & Meister]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 2004
| ''[[Gundam Breaker]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Crawfish Interactive]]
| [[Croydon]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1997
|
| Defunct in 2002
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Creat Studios]]
| [[Canton, Massachusetts|Canton]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1990
| ''[[American Chopper: Full Throttle|American Chopper 2: Full Throttle]]''<br>''[[Tony Hawk's Motion]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Creative Assembly]]
| [[Horsham]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1987
| ''[[Total War (video game series)|Total War]]'' series<br>''[[Alien: Isolation]]''
| Acquired by [[Sega]] in 2005
|-
| [[Creatures Inc.]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1995
| ''[[Pokémon Ranger]]'' series<br>''[[Detective Pikachu (video game)|Detective Pikachu]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Criterion Games]]
| [[Guildford]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1993
| ''[[Burnout (series)|Burnout]]'' series<br>''[[Need for Speed Unbound]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Electronic Arts]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Croteam]]
| [[Zagreb]]
|
| Croatia
| 1993
| ''[[Serious Sam]]'' series<br>''[[The Talos Principle]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Devolver Digital]] in 2020
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Cryo Interactive]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 1992
| ''[[Dune (video game)|Dune]]''<br>''[[Egypt 1156 B.C.|Egypt]]'' series
| Bankrupt in 2002
|-
| [[Culture Brain|Culture Brain Excel]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1980
| ''[[Hiryū no Ken]]'' series<br>''[[Super Chinese]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Crea-Tech]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1988
| ''[[Metal Max]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Cryptic Studios]]
| [[Los Gatos, California|Los Gatos]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[City of Heroes]]''<br>''[[Champions Online]]''<br>''[[Star Trek Online]]''
| Acquired by [[Atari, SA]] in 2008 and then acquired by [[Perfect World (company)|Perfect World]] in 2011 and managed by [[Perfect World (company)#Perfect World Entertainment|Perfect World Entertainment]], the North American subsidiary, which was acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2021; acquired by Project Golden Arc in 2025
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Crystal Dynamics]]
| [[Redwood City, California|Redwood City]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1992
| ''[[Legacy Of Kain]]'' series<br>''[[Tomb Raider]]'' series (second era)<br>''[[Marvel's Avengers (video game)|Marvel's Avengers]]''
| Acquired by [[Square Enix]] in 2009 and then acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2022
|-
| [[Crytek]]
| [[Frankfurt]]
|
| Germany
| 1999
| ''[[Far Cry]]''<br>''[[Crysis (series)|Crysis]]'' series<br>''[[Ryse: Son of Rome]]''<br>''[[Hunt: Showdown]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Crytek UK]]
| [[Nottingham]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1999
| ''[[TimeSplitters (series)|TimeSplitters]]'' series
| Founded as Free Radical Design; acquired by [[Crytek]] in 2009; defunct in 2014
|-
| [[Cyan Worlds]]
| [[Mead, Washington|Mead]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1987
| ''[[Myst (series)|Myst]]'' series<br>''[[Obduction (video game)|Obduction]]''<br>''[[Firmament (video game)|Firmament]]''<br>''[[The Manhole]]''<br>''[[Cosmic Osmo and the Worlds Beyond the Mackerel|Cosmic Osmo]]''<br>''[[Spelunx]]''
| Oldest surviving independent game studio in the United States.<ref name="inverse">{{Cite web | url = https://www.inverse.com/gaming/myst-cyan-worlds-oral-history?fbclid=IwAR1ShRdJ2eHcLlMAbo4WBhU2wHfqLj0naTkpagRWOLHndHvDBiud4AhtVAQ | title = Into the Myst: The Oral History of America's Oldest Surviving Indie Game Studio | first = Adam | last = Morgan | website = [[Inverse (website)|Inverse]] | date = March 15, 2023 | access-date = September 24, 2023 }}</ref> 
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Cyanide (company)|Cyanide]]
| [[Nanterre]]
|
| France
| 2000
| ''[[Pro Cycling Manager]]'' series<br>''[[Blood Bowl (2009 video game)|Blood Bowl]]'' series
| Acquired by Bigben Interactive (latterly [[Nacon]]) in 2018
|-
| [[CyberConnect2]]
| [[Fukuoka]]
|
| Japan
| 1996
| ''[[.hack]]'' franchise
* ''[[.hack (video game series)|.hack]]'' series
* ''[[.hack//G.U.]]'' series
''[[Naruto: Ultimate Ninja]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Ball Z: Kakarot]]''<br>''[[Fuga: Melodies of Steel]]'' series<br>''[[Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – The Hinokami Chronicles|Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Cyberlore|Cyberlore Studios]] (Blueline Simulations<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325232703/http://dtf.ru/news/read.php?id=50837 Его краснодарское Величество] {{in lang|ru}}, DFT.ru, April 21, 2008</ref>)
| [[Northampton, Massachusetts|Northampton]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1992
| ''[[Majesty: The Fantasy Kingdom Sim]]''
| Developer of computer games 
|-
| [[CyberStep]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2000
| ''[[GetAmped]]''<br>''[[Cosmic Break]]''<br>''[[GetAmped2]]''<br>''[[Onigiri (video game)|Onigiri]]''
| Developer/publisher of global online games
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Cygames]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2011
| ''[[The Idolmaster Cinderella Girls]]'' series<br>''[[Granblue Fantasy]]'' series<br>''[[Shadowverse]]''<br>''[[Princess Connect! Re:Dive|Princess Connect!]]'' series<br>''[[Dragalia Lost]]''<br>''[[Umamusume: Pretty Derby]]''
| Subsidiary of [[CyberAgent]]
|- id="D" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Daedalic Entertainment]]
| [[Hamburg]]
|
| Germany
| 2007
| ''[[Edna & Harvey: The Breakout|Edna & Harvey]]'' series<br>''[[Blackguards]]'' series<br>''[[The Lord of the Rings: Gollum]]''
| Acquired by [[Bastei Lübbe]] in 2014 and then acquired by [[Nacon]] in 2022
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Dambuster Studios]]
| [[Nottingham]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2014
| ''[[Homefront: The Revolution]]''<br>''[[Dead Island 2]]''
| Formed by former employees of Crytek UK; acquired by [[Koch Media]] in 2014 and managed by its Deep Silver division
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Danger Close Games]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1995
| ''[[Medal of Honor (video game series)|Medal of Honor]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Electronic Arts]]; defunct in 2013
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Daybreak Game Company]]
| [[San Diego]] 
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[EverQuest]]'' series<br>''[[PlanetSide]]'' series<br>''[[Z1 Battle Royale|H1Z1]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Enad Global 7]] in 2020.<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-12-01-eg7-acquires-daybreak EG7 acquires Daybreak]. GamesIndustry.biz. December 1, 2020.</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Deadline Games]]
| [[Copenhagen]]
|
| Denmark
| 1996
| ''[[Total Overdose]]''<br>''[[Watchmen: The End Is Nigh]]''<br>''[[Faith and a .45]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Deck13]]
| [[Frankfurt]]
|
| Germany
| 2001
| ''[[Ankh (video game)|Ankh]]'' series<br>''[[The Surge (video game)|The Surge]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Focus Home Interactive]](currently Focus Entertainment) in 2020.<ref>[https://www.gematsu.com/2020/06/focus-home-interactive-acquires-deck13-interactive Focus Home Interactive acquires Deck13 Interactive]. Gematsu. June 25, 2020.</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Demiurge Studios]]
| [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 2002
|
| acquired by [[Sega]] in 2015; became independent in 2020; acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2021
|-
| [[DeNA]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1999
| ''[[Final Fantasy Record Keeper]]''<br>''[[Pokémon Masters]]''<br>''[[Mario Kart Tour]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Dhruva Interactive]]
| [[Bangalore]]
|
| India
| 1997
|
| Acquired by [[Starbreeze Studios]] in 2016 and then they were acquired by [[Rockstar Games]] and were merged into [[Rockstar India]] in 2019
|-
| [[Die Gute Fabrik]]
| [[Copenhagen]]
|
| Denmark
| 2006
| ''[[Where is my Heart?]]''<br>''[[Sportsfriends]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Digital Extremes]]
|[[London, Ontario|London]] 
|[[Ontario]]
|Canada
|1993
|''[[Warframe]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Leyou]], which was acquired by [[Tencent]] in 2020; Founded by James Schmalz, co-creator of [[Unreal (video game series)|''Unreal'']] series.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Digital Eclipse]]
| [[Emeryville, California|Emeryville]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1992
| [[Spyro: Season of Ice|''Spyro'' handheld series]]
| Former division of [[Other Ocean Group]];<ref>[https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/digital-eclipse-is-back-with-a-new-mission-preserve-classic-games Digital Eclipse is back with a new mission: preserve classic games]. Gamasutra. June 8, 2015</ref> acquired by [[Atari SA]] in 2023<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/atari-to-acquire-digital-eclipse-in-20m-deal Atari to acquire Digital Eclipse in $20m deal]. GamesIndustry.biz. October 31, 2023</ref>
|-
|[[Digital Happiness]]
|[[Bandung]]
|[[West Java]]
|Indonesia
|2013
|''[[DreadOut]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Digital Reality]]
| [[Budapest]]
|
| Hungary
| 1991
| ''[[Imperium Galactica]]'' series
| Defunct in 2013; their assets were acquired by [[Nordic Games]]<ref>[https://www.vg247.com/2016/02/02/nordic-acquires-digital-reality-ip-imperium-galactica-sine-mora-others/ Nordic acquires Digital Reality IP Imperium Galactica, Sine Mora, others], VG247, 2 February 2016</ref>
|-
| [[Dimps]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 2000
| ''[[Street Fighter IV]]''<br>''[[Crash Boom Bang!]]''<br>''[[Tamagotchi Connection: Corner Shop 2]]-[[Tamagotchi Connection: Corner Shop 3|3]]''<br>''[[Dragon Ball Z: Budokai]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Ball Xenoverse]]'' series<br>''[[Sword Art Online: Fatal Bullet]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Disney Interactive Studios]]
| [[Glendale, California|Glendale]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1988
|
| Publisher and subsidiary of [[The Walt Disney Company]]; closed in 2016
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Don Bluth Entertainment]] (formerly Sullivan Bluth Studios)
| [[Dublin]]
|
| Ireland
| 1979
| ''[[Dragon's Lair II: Time Warp|Dragon's Lair II]]''–''[[Dragon's Lair III: The Curse of Mordread|III]]''
| Defunct in 1995
|-
| [[Don't Nod]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 2008
| ''[[Life Is Strange (series)|Life Is Strange]]'' series<br>''[[Tell Me Why (video game)|Tell Me Why]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Dotemu]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 2007
|''[[Wonder Boy: The Dragon's Trap]]''<br>''[[Streets of Rage 4]]''
| Acquired by [[Focus Home Interactive]] in 2021
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Double Fine]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[Psychonauts]]'' series<br>''[[Broken Age]]''<br>''[[Gang Beasts]]''
| Founded by former employees of [[LucasArts]]; acquired by Microsoft in 2019
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Dovetail Games]]
| [[Chatham, Kent|Chatham]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2008
| ''[[Train Simulator (video game)|Train Simulator]]'' franchise
| Acquired by [[Focus Entertainment]] in 2023<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/focus-entertainment-acquires-dvetail-games Focus Entertainment acquires Dovetail Games]. GamesIndustry.biz. April 20, 2023</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| {{sort|Dovetail Group|[[The Dovetail Group]]}}
|
|
| United States
| c. 1984
|
| Early developer of [[music video game]]s
|-
|[[Dr. Panda]]
|[[Chengdu]]
|
|China
|2011
|
|Role-playing apps aimed at children ages 5 and under
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Dynamix]]
| [[Eugene, Oregon|Eugene]]
| [[Oregon]]
| United States
| 1984
| ''[[Red Baron (1990 video game)|Red Baron]]''<br>''[[Front Page Sports]]'' series<br>''[[Betrayal at Krondor]]''<br>''[[Tribes (video game series)|Tribes]]'' series<br>''[[MechWarrior (1989 video game)|MechWarrior]]''
| Closed in 2001
|- id="E" style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[EA Black Box]]
| [[British Columbia]]
|
| Canada
| 1998
| ''[[Skate (series)|Skate]]'' series<br>''[[NHL Hitz 2002|NHL Hitz]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Electronic Arts]]; closed in 2013
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[DICE (company)|EA Digital Illusions]] (EA DICE)
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 1992
| ''[[Battlefield (video game series)|Battlefield]]'' series<br>''[[Mirror's Edge]]''
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2004
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[EA Gothenburg]]
| [[Gothenburg]]
|
| Sweden
| 2011
| ''[[Need for Speed Payback]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Electronic Arts]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[EA Phenomic]]
| [[Ingelheim am Rhein]]
|
| Germany
| 1997
| ''[[SpellForce (series)|SpellForce]]'' series<br>''[[BattleForge]]''<br>''[[Lord of Ultima]]''<br>''[[Command & Conquer: Tiberium Alliances|Command and Conquer: Tiberium Alliances]]''
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2006; shut down in 2013
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[EA Salt Lake]]
| [[Salt Lake City]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 1992
| ''[[PGA Tour|Tiger Woods PGA Tour]]'' 2001–08<br>''[[Littlest Pet Shop (video game)|Littlest Pet Shop]]'' series<br>''[[Nerf N-Strike]]'' series<br>''[[Monopoly Streets]]''
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2006; defunct in 2017
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[EA Orlando|EA Tiburon]] (formerly EA Orlando, Tiburon Entertainment)
| [[Orlando, Florida|Maitland]]
| [[Florida]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Madden NFL]]'' series<br>''[[NBA Live]]'' series <small>(2013–)</small><br>''[[NFL Head Coach]]'' series<br>[[EA Sports College Football|''NCAA Football''/''EA Sports College Football'']] series<br>''[[EA Sports NASCAR]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 1998
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[EA Vancouver]] (formerly [[Distinctive Software]])
| [[Burnaby]]
| [[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 1982
| ''[[Test Drive (1987 video game)|Test Drive]]''<br>''[[SSX (series)|SSX]]'' series<br>''[[NHL (video game series)|NHL]]'' series<br>''[[NBA Live]]'' series <small>(1994–2010)</small><br>''[[EA Sports UFC]]'' series<br>''[[FIFA]]'' series<br>''[[EA Sports FC]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 1991
|- 
|[[Eagle Dynamics]]
|[[Villars-sur-Glâne]]
|
|Switzerland
|1991
|[[Su-27 Flanker (video game)|''Su-27 Flanker'']]<br>''[[Flanker 2.0]]''<br>''[[Lock On: Modern Air Combat]]''<br>''[[DCS World]]''
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Eat Sleep Play]]
| [[Salt Lake City]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 2007
| ''[[Twisted Metal]]'' series <small>(2008–2012)</small>
| Defunct in 2017
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Eko Software]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 1999
| ''[[Handball (video game series)|Handball]]'' series<br>''Rugby 18''-''22''
| Acquired by Bigben Interactive (latterly [[Nacon]]) in 2018
|-
| [[Egosoft]]
| [[Würselen]]
|
| Germany
| 1988
| ''[[X (game series)|X]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Eden Games]]
| [[Lyon]]
|
| France
| 1998
| ''[[Test Drive Unlimited]]'' series
| Former subsidiary of [[Atari SA]]; acquired by Engine Media in 2017 and then acquired by [[Animoca Brands]] in 2022
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Eidos-Montréal]]
| [[Montreal]]
| [[Quebec]]
| Canada
| 2007
| ''[[Deus Ex]]'' series<br>''[[Marvel's Guardians of the Galaxy]]''<br>''[[Grounded 2]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Embracer Group]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Eighting]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1993
| ''[[Kuru Kuru Kururin|Kururin]]'' series<br>''[[Kamen Rider: Climax]]'' series<br>''[[Kamen Rider: Battride War]]'' series<br>''[[Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds]]''<br>''[[Pikmin 4]]''
| Acquired by COLOPL
|-
| [[Electronic Arts]]
| [[Redwood City, California|Redwood City]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1982
| ''[[Need For Speed]]'' series<br>''[[Apex Legends]]''
| Developer/publisher/distributor
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Elemental Games]]
| [[Vladivostok]]
|
| Russia
| 1999
| ''[[Space Rangers (video game)|Space Rangers]]''
| Defunct in 2015
|-
| [[Elite Systems]]
| [[Lichfield]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1984
| ''[[Dragon's Lair: The Legend]]''
|
|-
| [[Engine Software]]
| [[Doetinchem]]
|
| Netherlands
| 1995
|
| Also [[middleware]] developer
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ensemble Studios]]
| [[Dallas]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1995
| ''[[Age of Empires]]'' series<br>''[[Age of Mythology]]''<br>''[[Halo Wars]]''
| Former subsidiary of [[Microsoft Studios]]
|-
| [[Epic Games]]
| [[Cary, North Carolina|Cary]]
| [[North Carolina]]
| United States
| 1991
| ''[[Unreal (video game series)|Unreal]]'' series<br>''[[Gears of War (series)|Gears of War]]'' series<br>''[[Shadow Complex]]''<br>''[[Infinity Blade]]'' series<br>''[[Fortnite]]''
|Developer, publisher, and distributor
|-
| [[Epics (company)|Epics]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1987
| ''[[PoPoLoCrois]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Epicenter Studios]]
| [[Sherman Oaks, California|Sherman Oaks]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2007
| ''[[Real Heroes: Firefighter]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[ESA (company)|ESA]] (formerly Softmax)
| Seoul
|
| South Korea
| 1994
| ''[[TalesWeaver]]''
| ESA left from game business. The former employees formed Studio 4Leaf and the studio was acquired by {{interlanguage link|NextFloor|ko|넥스트플로어}}.<ref>[http://www.techforkorea.com/2017/10/24/next-floor-invests-on-studio-4leaf/ Next Floor Invests on Studio 4LEAF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807094725/http://www.techforkorea.com/2017/10/24/next-floor-invests-on-studio-4leaf/ |date=2019-08-07 }}. Tech for Korea. October 24, 2017.</ref>
|-
|[[Eric Barone]]
|[[Seattle]]
|
|United States
|2012
|''[[Stardew Valley]]''
|Developer/publisher
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Epyx]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1978
| ''[[California Games]]'' series<br>''[[Impossible Mission]]'' series<br>''[[Jumpman (video game)|Jumpman]]'' series<br>''[[Pitstop (video game)|Pitstop]]'' series<br>''[[Summer Games (video game)|Summer Games]]'' series
| Developer/publisher, defunct 1993
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Étranges Libellules]]
| [[Lyon]]
|
| France
| 1994
| ''[[Asterix & Obelix XXL]]''<br>''[[The Legend of Spyro: Dawn of the Dragon]]''
|
|-
| [[Eugen Systems]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 2000
| ''[[Act of War: Direct Action|Act of War]]'' series<br>''[[Wargame: European Escalation|Wargame]]'' series<br>''[[Steel Division: Normandy 44|Steel Division]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Eurocom]]
| [[Derby]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1988
| ''[[GoldenEye 007 (2010 video game)|GoldenEye 007]]''<br>''[[007 Legends]]''<br>''[[Crash Bash]]''<br>''[[Spyro: A Hero's Tail]]''
| Defunct in 2012
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Evolution Studios]]
| [[Runcorn]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1999
| ''[[World Rally Championship (video game series)|World Rally Championship]]'' series<br>''[[MotorStorm (series)|MotorStorm]]'' series
| Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]] and subsidiary of [[Sony Computer Entertainment]]; defunct in 2016
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Examu]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2007
| ''[[Arcana Heart]]'' series
| Their business operations were suspended in 2020 and their business was taken over by Team Arcana.<ref>[https://www.4gamer.net/games/397/G039755/20200210087/ エクサムが2020年2月末で全業務を休止すると発表。現行の業務などはTEAM ARCANAへ移管] {{In lang|ja}}. 4Gamer.net. February 10, 2020.</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Eyedentity Games]]
|[[Seoul]]
|
|South Korea
|2007
|''[[Dragon Nest]]''
|Acquired by [[Shengqu Games|Shanda Games]] (currently Shengqu Games) in 2010
|- id="F"
| [[Facepunch Studios]]
| [[Walsall]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2009
|''[[Garry's Mod]]'' <br> ''[[Rust (video game)|Rust]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[FASA Studio]]
| [[Redmond, Washington|Redmond]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[MechCommander]]'' series<br>''[[MechWarrior 4: Vengeance|MechWarrior 4]]''
| defunct in 2007
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Fatshark]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 2008
| ''[[War of the Roses (video game)|War of the Roses]]''<br>''[[Bionic Commando Rearmed 2]]''<br>''[[Warhammer: End Times – Vermintide|Warhammer: Vermintide]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Tencent]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[feelplus]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1992
| ''[[No More Heroes: Heroes' Paradise]]''
| Merged into [[AQ Interactive]]
|-
| [[Felistella]]
| [[Gifu]]
|
| Japan
| 2010
| ''[[Summon Night 5]]''<br>''[[Hyperdimension Neptunia#Main series|Hyperdimension Neptunia Re; Birth]]'' series<br>''[[Genkai Tokki: Seven Pirates|Genkai Tokki]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Firaxis Games]]
| [[Sparks, Maryland|Sparks]]
| [[Maryland]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[Civilization (series)|Civilization]]'' series (part 3 and later)<br>''[[X-COM|XCOM]]'' (Reboot) series<br>''[[Marvel's Midnight Suns]]''
| Subsidiary of [[2K (company)|2K]]; founded by former employees of [[MicroProse]].
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Firefly Studios]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1999
| ''[[Stronghold (2001 video game)|Stronghold]]'' series
| Acquired by Devolver Digital in 2021
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Firesprite]]
| [[Liverpool]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2012
| ''[[Horizon Call of the Mountain]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[Studio Liverpool]]; acquired by [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] in 2021
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[First Star Software]]
| [[Chappaqua, New York|Chappaqua]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 1982
|
| Defunct in 2018. Their name and assets were acquired by [[BBG Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Flagship Studios]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2003
| ''[[Hellgate:London]]''<br>''[[Mythos (video game)|Mythos]]''
| Closed down in 2008
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Flight-Plan]]
| [[Gifu]]
|
| Japan
| 1989
| ''[[Black/Matrix]]'' series<br>''[[Summon Night]]'' series
| Defunct in 2010
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Flying Wild Hog]]
| [[Warsaw]]
|
| Poland
| 2009
| ''[[Hard Reset]]''<br>''[[Shadow Warrior]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2020.<ref name="embracer-nov2020">[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-11-18-embracer-group-acquires-13-studios Embracer Group acquires 13 studios: Here's everything you need to know]. GamesIndustry.biz. November 18, 2020.</ref>
|-
| [[Focus Entertainment]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 1996
| ''[[Cities XL]]'' series (2011 and later)
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Foundation 9 Entertainment]]
| [[Emeryville, California|Emeryville]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1992
|
| Dissolved in 2016
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Fox Digital Entertainment]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2002
|
| Subsidiary of [[20th Century Studios]]. The company still exists, but 20th Century Fox's video game business was rearranged to FoxNext.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[FoxNext]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2017
| ''[[Marvel Strike Force]]''
| Division of [[20th Century Studios]]. The company still exists but their game development studios were acquired by [[Scopely]] in 2020.<ref>[https://techcrunch.com/2020/01/22/disney-sells-mobile-game-studio-foxnet-games-to-scopely/ Disney sells mobile game studio FoxNext Games to Scopely] TechCrunch January 22, 2020</ref>
|-
| [[Frictional Games]]
| [[Helsingborg]]
|
| Sweden
| 2001
| ''[[Penumbra (video game series)|Penumbra]]'' series<br>''[[Amnesia: The Dark Descent|Amnesia]]'' series<br>''[[Soma (video game)|SOMA]]''
|
|-
| [[Frogwares]]
| [[Kyiv]]
|
| Ukraine
| 2000
| ''[[Sherlock Holmes (video game series)|Adventures of Sherlock Holmes]]'' series<br>''[[The Sinking City]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Frog City Software]]
| [[San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Imperialism (video game)|Imperialism]]'' series<br>''[[Tropico 2: Pirate Cove]]''
| Acquired by [[Take-Two Interactive]] in 2003 and closed in 2006
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[FromSoftware]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1986
|''[[Armored Core]]'' series<br>''[[Dark Souls]]'' series<br>''[[Bloodborne]]''<br>''[[Sekiro]]''<br>''[[Elden Ring]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Kadokawa Corporation]]
|-
| [[Frontier Developments]]
| [[Cambridge]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1994
| ''[[Elite (video game)|Elite]]'' series<br>''[[Thrillville]]''<br>''[[LostWinds]]''<br>''[[Kinectimals]]''<br>''[[RollerCoaster Tycoon 3]]''<br>''[[F1 Manager (video game series)|F1 Manager]]'' series<br>''[[Planet Coaster]]'' series<br>''[[Planet Zoo]]''<br>''[[Jurassic World Evolution]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Frozenbyte]]
| [[Helsinki]]
|
| Finland
| 2001
| ''[[Shadowgrounds]]'' series<br>''[[Trine (video game)|Trine]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[FTL Games]]
| [[San Diego]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1982
| ''[[Dungeon Master (video game)|Dungeon Master]]'' series
|Closed in 1982
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Fun Labs]]
| [[Bucharest]]
|
| Romania
| 1999
| ''[[MIB: Alien Crisis]]''<br>''[[Cabela's]]'' series
| Acquired by Maximum Entertainment in 2023<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/maximum-entertainment-acquires-fun-labs-news-in-brief Maximum Entertainment acquires Fun Labs - News-in-brief]. GamesIndustry.biz. March 15, 2023</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Funcom]]
| [[Oslo]]
|
| Norway
| 1993
| ''[[The Longest Journey]]'' series<br>''[[Anarchy Online]]''<br>''[[Age of Conan]]''<br>''[[The Secret World]]''<br>''[[Conan Exiles]]''<br>''[[Dune: Awakening]]''
| Developer/publisher; acquired by [[Tencent]] in 2020<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-01-22-tencent-bids-to-acquire-100-percent-of-funcom Tencent bids to acquire 100% of Funcom]. GamesIndustry.biz. January 22, 2020</ref>
|-
| [[FuRyu]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2007
| ''[[Unchained Blades]]'' series<br>''[[Beyblade Burst]]'' series<br>''[[Cardfight!! Vanguard#Video games|Cardfight!! Vanguard]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Futuremark]]
| [[Espoo]]
|
| Finland
| 1997
| ''[[Shattered Horizon]]''
| Their game development division was acquired by [[Rovio Entertainment]]. Futuremark itself was acquired by [[UL (safety organization)|UL]] and was merged into them.
|- id="G"
| [[Gaijin Entertainment]]
| [[Budapest]]
|
| Hungary
| 2002
| ''[[War Thunder]]''<br>''[[IL-2 Sturmovik: Birds of Prey]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Game Arts]]
|[[Chiyoda, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1985
| ''[[Thexder]]'' series<br>''[[Lunar (series)|Lunar]]'' series<br>''[[Grandia]]'' series
|Acquired by [[GungHo Online Entertainment]] in 2005.
|-
| [[Game Freak]]
|[[Setagaya-ku, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1989
| ''[[Pokémon (video game series)|Pokémon]]'' franchise
* [[Pokémon Legends: Arceus|Pokémon Legends]] series
''[[Pocket Card Jockey]]'' series
|
|-
|[[Game Studio (company)|Game Studio]]
|[[Shinagawa, Tokyo]]
|
|Japan
|1985
|''[[The Return of Ishtar]]''<br>''[[Infinity Strash: Dragon Quest The Adventure of Dai]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[GameHouse]]
| [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''Delicious'' series
| [[Casual game]] developer, publisher and portal; acquired by [[RealNetworks]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Gameloft]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 1999
| ''[[Modern Combat: Domination]]''<br>''[[Order & Chaos Online]]''<br>''[[Assassin's Creed]]'' (for mobile)<br>''[[Asphalt (series)|Asphalt]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Vivendi]]; developer/publisher of mobile games
|-
| [[Ganbarion]]
| [[Fukuoka]]
|
| Japan
| 1999
| ''[[List of One Piece video games|One Piece]]'' series<br>''[[Jump Super Stars]]'' series<br>''[[Wii Fit U]]''<br>''[[Dragon Ball Fusions]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Gearbox Software]]
| [[Plano, Texas|Plano]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1999
| ''[[Brothers in Arms (series)|Brothers In Arms]]'' series<br>''[[Borderlands (series)|Borderlands]]'' series<br>''[[Half-Life: Opposing Force]]''<br>''[[Risk of Rain]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2021 and acquired by [[2K Games|2K]] in 2024
|-
| [[Genius Sonority]]
| Tokyo
|
| Japan
| 2002
| ''[[Pokémon Colosseum]]'' series<br>''[[Pokémon Trozei!]]'' series<br>''[[The Denpa Men: They Came By Wave|The Denpa Men]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Genki (company)|Genki]]
|[[Shinjuku, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1990
| ''[[Tokyo Xtreme Racer]]'' series
| Subsidiary of {{interlanguage link|Daikoku Denki|ja|ダイコク電機}}
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Glu Mobile]]
| [[San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2001
|''[[Deer Hunter (series)|Deer Hunter]]'' series
|Developer and publisher of mobile games; acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2021
|-
| [[Gogii Games]]
| [[Moncton, New Brunswick|Moncton]]
|[[New Brunswick]]
| Canada
| 2006
|
| Developer/publisher
|-
| [[Good-Feel]]
| [[Kobe]]
|
| Japan
| 2005
| ''[[Kirby's Epic Yarn]]''<br>''[[Yoshi's Woolly World]]''<br>''[[Yoshi's Crafted World]]''<br>''[[Princess Peach: Showtime!]]''
| Founded by former employees of [[Konami]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Goodgame Studios]]
| [[Hamburg]]
| [[Hamburg]]
| Germany
| 2009
| 
| Developer/publisher; acquired by [[Stillfront Group]] in 2018
|-
| [[Granzella]]
| [[Nonoichi, Ishikawa|Nonoichi]]
|
| Japan
| 2011
| ''[[Disaster Report 4 Plus: Summer Memories|Disaster Report 4 Plus]]''
| Founded by former [[Irem]] employees
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Grasshopper Manufacture]]
| [[Chiyoda, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1998
| ''[[The Silver Case]]''<br>''[[Flower, Sun, and Rain]]''<br>''[[killer7]]''<br>''[[No More Heroes (series)|No More Heroes]]'' series<br>''[[Shadows of the Damned]]''<br>''[[Lollipop Chainsaw]]''<br>''[[Killer Is Dead]]''<br>''[[Let It Die (video game)|Let It Die]]''
| Founded by [[Suda51]]; acquired by [[GungHo Online Entertainment]] in 2013; later acquired by [[NetEase Games]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Gravity (Korean company)|Gravity]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 2000
| ''[[Ragnarok Online]]''
| Acquired by [[GungHo Online Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Gray Matter Studios]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1993
| ''[[Call of Duty: United Offensive]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2002; merged into [[Treyarch]] in 2005
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Gremlin Interactive]]
| [[Sheffield]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1984
| [[Monopoly (1997 video game)|Monopoly (1997)]]<br>[[Zool]] series<br>[[Premier Manager]] series
| Taken over by [[Infogrames]] in 1999 studio closed in 2003 
|-
| [[Grezzo]]
|[[Shibuya, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2006
|''[[The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time 3D]]''<br>''[[The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask 3D]]''<br>''[[The Legend of Zelda: Tri Force Heroes]]''<br>''[[Ever Oasis]]''<br>''[[The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening (2019 video game)|The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening (2019 Remake)]]''<br>''[[The Legend of Zelda: Echoes of Wisdom]]''
| Second-party developer of [[Nintendo]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Grin (company)|Grin]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 1997
| ''[[Bionic Commando Rearmed]]''<br>''[[Bionic Commando (2009 video game)|Bionic Commando (2009)]]''
| Defunct in 2009
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Grinding Gear Games]]
| [[Auckland]]
|
| New Zealand
| 2006
| ''[[Path of Exile]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Tencent]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Griptonite Games]]
| [[Kirkland, Washington|Kirkland]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Marvel Super Hero Squad: Comic Combat]]''
| Acquired by [[Glu Mobile]]
|-
| [[GSC Game World]]
| [[Kyiv]]
|
| Ukraine
| 1995
| ''[[Cossacks (video games series)|Cossacks]]'' series, ''[[S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow Of Chernobyl|S.T.A.L.K.E.R]]'' series
| Defunct in 2011, reopened in 2014
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Guerrilla Cambridge]]
| [[Cambridge]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1997 (as SCE Cambridge Studio), 2013
| ''[[MediEvil (series)|MediEvil]]'' series
| Branch of [[Guerrilla Games]] and division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]]; closed in 2017
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Guerrilla Games]]
| [[Amsterdam]]
|
| Netherlands
| 2000
| ''[[Killzone (series)|Killzone]]'' series<br>''[[Horizon (video game series)|Horizon]]'' series
| Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]] since 2004
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Gunfire Games]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 2014
|''[[Darksiders]]'' series<br>''[[Remnant: From the Ashes|Remnant]]'' series
| Formed by former employees of [[Vigil Games]]; acquired by [[THQ Nordic]] in 2019
|-
| [[GungHo Online Entertainment]]
|[[Chiyoda, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1998
| ''[[Puzzle & Dragons]]'' series
|Developer/publisher
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Gust Co. Ltd.|Gust]]
| [[Nagano (city)|Nagano]]
|
| Japan
| 1993
| ''[[Atelier (video game franchise)|Atelier]]'' series<br>''[[Blue Reflection]]'' series<br>''[[Fairy Tail#Video games|Fairy Tail]]'' series
| Became a division of [[Koei|Koei Tecmo Games]] in 2014
|- id="H" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Haemimont Games]]
| [[Sofia]]
|
| Bulgaria
| 1997
|''[[Tropico 3]]''–5<br>''[[Jagged Alliance 3]]''
| Acquired by [[Paradox Interactive]] in 2025
|- 
| [[HAL Laboratory]]
| [[Chiyoda, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1980
| ''[[Kirby (series)|Kirby]]'' series <br>''[[Mother (video game series)|Earthbound/Mother]]'' series<br>''[[Pokémon Snap]]''
|Developer closely associated with [[Nintendo]]
|-
| [[Halfbrick]]
| [[Brisbane, Australia|Brisbane]]
|[[Queensland]]
| Australia
| 2001
| ''[[Fruit Ninja]]'' series<br>''[[Jetpack Joyride]]''
| [[Mobile game]] developer/publisher
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Halo Studios]]
| [[Redmond, Washington|Redmond]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2009
| ''[[Halo (series)|Halo]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Microsoft Studios]], took over development for the ''[[Halo (series)|Halo]]'' franchise from [[Bungie]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Hanaho]]
| [[Cerritos, California|Cerritos]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1992
|
|
|-
| [[h.a.n.d.]]
| [[Sapporo]]
|
| Japan
| 1993
| ''[[Aikatsu!]]'' series<br>''[[Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days]]''<br>''[[Disney Magical World]]'' series<br>''[[Tamagotchi: Party On!]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Hangar 13 (company)|Hangar 13]] 
| [[Novato, California|Novato]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2014
| ''[[Mafia (series)|Mafia]]'' series <small>(2014-)</small><br>''[[TopSpin 2K25]]''
| Subsidiary of [[2K (company)|2K]]
|-
| [[Harebrained Schemes]]
| [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2011
| ''[[Shadowrun Returns]]''<br>''[[Shadowrun: Dragonfall]]''<br>''[[Shadowrun: Hong Kong]]''
| Acquired by [[Paradox Interactive]] in 2018; became independent in 2024<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/harebrained-schemes-and-paradox-interactive-to-split-in-2024 Harebrained Schemes and Paradox Interactive to split in 2024]. GamesIndustry.biz. October 17, 2023</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Harmonix|Harmonix Music Systems]]
| [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1995
| ''[[Guitar Hero]]'' I–II<br>''[[Rock Band]]'' series<br>''[[Dance Central (series)|Dance Central]]'' series
| Former subsidiary of [[Viacom (2005–present)|Viacom]]; acquired by [[Epic Games]] in 2021
|-
| [[Hazelight Studios]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 2014
| ''[[It Takes Two (video game)|It Takes Two]]''<br>''[[Split Fiction]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Headstrong Games]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2000
| ''[[Battalion Wars]]'' series<br>''[[Art Academy (video game)|Art Academy]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Kuju Entertainment]]; defunct in 2017
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Heartbeat (company)|Heartbeat]]
|[[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1992
| ''[[Dragon Quest]]'' VI–VII
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Heavy Iron Studios]]
| [[Manhattan Beach, California|Manhattan Beach]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1999
| ''[[SpongeBob's Truth or Square (video game)|SpongeBob's Truth or Square]]''<br>''[[UFC Personal Trainer]]''<br>''[[Family Guy: Back to the Multiverse]]''
| Acquired by [[Keywords Studios]] in 2020.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[HB Studios]]
| [[Lunenburg, Nova Scotia|Lunenburg]]
| [[Nova Scotia]]
| Canada
| 2000
| ''[[PGA Tour 2K]]'' series<br>''[[Rugby 2004]]''–''[[Rugby 15|15]]''<br>''[[Rugby World Cup 2011 (video game)|Rugby World Cup 2011]]''–[[Rugby World Cup 2015 (video game)|2015]]
| Acquired by [[2K (company)|2K]] in 2021
|-
|[[Hello Games]]
|[[Guildford]]
|[[Surrey]]
|[[United Kingdom]]
|2008
|[[Joe Danger]]
[[No Man's Sky]]
[[The Last Campfire]]
|
|-
| [[HexaDrive]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 2007
| ''[[Rez HD]]''<br>''[[Ōkami HD]]''<br>''[[Super Bomberman R]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[High Impact Games]]
| [[Burbank, California|Burbank]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2003
| ''[[Ratchet & Clank: Size Matters]]''<br>''[[Secret Agent Clank]]''<br>''[[Jak and Daxter: The Lost Frontier]]'' 
| Founded by former employees of [[Insomniac Games]] & [[Naughty Dog]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[High Moon Studios]]
| [[San Diego, California|San Diego]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2005
| ''[[Transformers: War for Cybertron]]'' series<br>''[[Deadpool (video game)|Deadpool]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Activision]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[High Voltage Software]]
| [[Hoffman Estates, Illinois|Hoffman Estates]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1993
| ''[[The Conduit (video game)|The Conduit]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Keywords Studios]] in 2020.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Hothead Games]]
| [[Vancouver]]
| [[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 2006
| ''[[DeathSpank]]''<br>''[[Swarm (2011 video game)|Swarm]]''
| Founded by former employees of [[Radical Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Housemarque]]
| [[Helsinki]]
|
| Finland
| 1995
| ''[[Super Stardust]]''<br>''[[Returnal (video game)|Returnal]]''
| Acquired by [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] as a subsidiary of [[PlayStation Studios]] in 2021
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Hudson Soft]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1973
|''[[Bomberman]]'' series<br>''[[Adventure Island (video game)|Adventure Island]]'' series<br>''[[Far East of Eden]]'' series<br>''[[Momotaro Dentetsu]]'' series<br>''[[Mario Party]]'' series
| Developer/publisher; acquired and dissolved by [[Konami]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Human Entertainment]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1983
| ''[[Fire Pro Wrestling]]'' series<br>''[[Super Soccer|Formation Soccer]]'' series<br>''[[Twilight Syndrome]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Human Head Studios]]
| [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]]
| [[Wisconsin]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[Rune (video game)|Rune]]''<br>''[[Prey (2006 video game)|Prey]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Humongous Entertainment]]
| [[Bothell, Washington|Bothell]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1992
|''[[Fatty Bear's Birthday Surprise]]''<br>''[[Putt-Putt (series)|Putt-Putt]]'' series<br>''[[Freddi Fish]]'' series<br>''[[Pajama Sam]]'' series<br>''[[Spy Fox]]'' series<br>''[[Backyard Sports]]'' series
| Former subsidiary of [[Atari, SA|Infogrames]]; closed in 2006; their assets and brand were acquired by [[Tommo]] and relaunched in 2013
|-
| [[Hyperion Entertainment]]
| [[Brussels]]
|
| Belgium
| 1999
|
|
|- id="I"
| [[Ice-Pick Lodge]]
| [[Moscow]]
|
| Russia
| 2002
| ''[[Pathologic]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[id Software]]
| [[Mesquite, Texas|Mesquite]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1991
| ''[[Wolfenstein (series)|Wolfenstein]]'' series<br>''[[Doom (series)|Doom]]'' series<br>''[[Quake (series)|Quake]]'' series<br>''[[Rage (video game)|Rage]]'' series
| Acquired by [[ZeniMax Media]] on June 24, 2009
|-
| [[Idea Factory]]
| [[Shibuya, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1994
| ''[[Amnesia (visual novel)|Amnesia]]'' series
|Developer/publisher
|-
| [[ILCA (company)|ILCA]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2010
| ''[[Pokémon Brilliant Diamond and Shining Pearl]]''<br>''[[One Piece Odyssey]]''
|
|-
| [[Deck Nine|Idol Minds]]
| [[Westminster, Colorado|Westminster]]
| [[Colorado]]
| United States
|1997
|''[[Cool Boarders]] 3–4''<br>[[Pain (video game)|Pain]]<br>''[[Neopets: The Darkest Faerie]]''<br>''[[Rally Cross 2]]''<br>''[[Life Is Strange (series)|Life Is Strange]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Imageepoch]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2005
| ''[[Luminous Arc]]'' series<br>''[[Fate/Extra]]'' series
| Defunct in 2016
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Image & Form]]
| [[Gothenburg]]
|
| Sweden
| 1997
| ''[[SteamWorld]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Thunderful]]; merged into Thunderful Development in 2020.
|-
| [[Imagineer (Japanese company)|Imagineer]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1986
| ''[[Gold's Gym: Cardio Workout|Shape Boxing]]'' series<br>''Fitness Boxing'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Infinity Ward]]
| [[Woodland Hills, California|Woodland Hills]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2002
| ''[[Call of Duty]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2003.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Infocom]]
| [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1979
|''[[Zork]]'' series<br>''[[Planetfall]]'' series<br>''[[The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (video game)|The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy]]''<br>''[[Leather Goddesses of Phobos]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 1986; closed in 1989.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Incognito Entertainment]]
| [[Salt Lake City]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 1999
| ''[[Twisted Metal]]'' series <small>(2001–2007)</small><br>''[[Warhawk (2007 video game)|Warhawk (2007)]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[SingleTrac]]; subsidiary of [[SIE Worldwide Studios|SCE Worldwide Studios]]; defunct in 2009
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Incredible Technologies]]
| [[Arlington Heights, Illinois|Arlington Heights]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1985
| ''[[Golden Tee Golf]]''
| Defunct in 2016; [[arcade game]] designer, arcade game manufacturer
|-
| [[indieszero]]
| [[Musashino, Tokyo|Musashino]]
|
| Japan
| 1997
| ''[[Cooking Guide: Can't Decide What to Eat?]]''<br>''[[Theatrhythm Final Fantasy|Theatrhythm]]'' series<br>''[[Kingdom Hearts: Melody of Memory]]''<br>''[[Dr Kawashima's Brain Training for Nintendo Switch]]''<br>''[[Big Brain Academy#Big Brain Academy: Brain vs. Brain|Big Brain Academy: Brain vs. Brain]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Innerloop Studios]]
| [[Oslo]]
|
| Norway
| 1996
| ''[[Project I.G.I.]]'' series
| Defunct in 2003
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Insomniac Games]]
| [[Burbank, California|Burbank]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Spyro (series)|Spyro the Dragon]]'' series<br>''[[Ratchet & Clank]]'' series<br>''[[Resistance (video game series)|Resistance]]'' series<br>''[[Sunset Overdrive]]''<br>''[[Marvel's Spider-Man]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] in 2019 as a division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]].
|-
| [[Intelligent Systems]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1986
| ''[[Fire Emblem]]'' franchise<br>''[[Advance Wars series|Advance Wars]]'' series<br>''[[Paper Mario]]'' series<br>''[[Puzzle League]]'' series
| Developer closely associated with [[Nintendo]]
|-
| [[Interplay Entertainment]]
| [[Beverly Hills]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1983
|''[[Earthworm Jim (series)|Earthworm Jim]]'' series<br />''[[ClayFighter (series)|ClayFighter]]'' series<br />''[[Wasteland (video game)|Wasteland]]''<br />''[[Fallout (franchise)|Fallout]]'' series<br />''[[The Bard's Tale]]'' series
| Developer/publisher
|-
|[[Inti Creates]]
|[[Ichikawa, Chiba]]
|
|Japan
|1996
|''[[Mega Man Zero]]'' series<br>''[[Mega Man ZX]]'' series
''Gunvolt'' franchise:
* ''[[Azure Striker Gunvolt]]'' series
* ''[[Gunvolt Chronicles: Luminous Avenger iX|Gunvolt Chronicles]]'' series

''[[Gal Gun]]'' series<br>''[[Bloodstained: Curse of the Moon]]'' series<br>''[[Blaster Master Zero]]'' trilogy<br>''Dragon Marked for Death''<br>''[[Gal Guardians: Demon Purge]]''<br>''[[Mighty Gunvolt]]'' series<br>''[[Mega Man 9]]''<br>''[[Mega Man 10]]''
|
|-
| [[Introversion Software]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2002
| ''[[Darwinia (video game)|Darwinia]]''<br>''[[DEFCON (video game)|DEFCON]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[inXile Entertainment]]
| [[Newport Beach]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2002
| ''[[Wasteland 2]]''<br>''[[The Bard's Tale IV: Barrows Deep]]''
| Founded by one of [[Interplay Entertainment]] founders; acquired by [[Xbox Game Studios|Microsoft Studios]] in 2018
|-
| [[IO Interactive]]
| [[Copenhagen]]
|
| Denmark
| 1998
| ''[[Hitman (franchise)|Hitman]]'' series<br>''[[007 First Light]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Square Enix]] until 2017 when they dropped IO, they then became independent
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ion Storm]]
| [[Dallas]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[Daikatana]]''<br>''[[Anachronox]]''
| Shut down in 2001; subsidiary of [[Eidos Interactive]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ion Storm]] Austin
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[Deus Ex (video game)|Deus Ex]]''<br>''[[Thief: Deadly Shadows]]''
| Shut down in 2005; subsidiary of [[Eidos Interactive]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Irem]]
| [[Hakusan, Ishikawa|Hakusan]]
|
| Japan
| 1974
|''[[R-Type]]'' series<br>''[[Disaster Report]]'' 1–3
| Subsidiary of [[Eizo]]
|-
| [[Iron Galaxy|Iron Galaxy Studios]]
| [[Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 2008
| ''[[Divekick]]''<br>''[[Borderlands 2]]'' (PSVita)<br>''[[Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 + 4]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Iron Lore Entertainment]]
| [[Maynard, Massachusetts|Maynard]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[Titan Quest]]'' series<br>''[[Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War – Soulstorm]]''
| Defunct in 2008
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Irrational Games]]
| [[Quincy, Massachusetts|Quincy]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[System Shock 2]]''<br>''[[Freedom Force (2002 video game)|Freedom Force]]'' series<br>''[[BioShock (series)|BioShock]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[2K (company)|2K]]; defunct in 2017. Their main employees moved to [[Ghost Story Games]].
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Ivory Tower (company)|Ivory Tower]]
| [[Lyon]]
|
| France
| 2007
| ''[[The Crew (video game)|The Crew]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Ubisoft]];<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/the-crew-reaches-3-million-players-ubisoft-acquire/1100-6431160/|title=The Crew Reaches 3 Million Players, Ubisoft Acquires Developer|last=Makuch|first=Eddie|date=2015-10-05|website=GameSpot|language=en-US|access-date=2018-10-16}}</ref> founded by former employees of [[Eden Games]]
|- id="J"
| [[Jackbox Games]]
| [[Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1989
| ''[[The Jackbox Party Pack]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Jagex]]
| [[Cambridge]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2001
| ''[[RuneScape]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[CVC Capital Partners]]; [[online game]] developer
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Jaleco]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1974
| ''[[Idol Janshi Suchie-Pai]]'' series
| Acquired by Game Yarou in 2009 and defunct in 2014
|-
| [[Jam City (company)|Jam City]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2007
| [[Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery]]
| Former subsidiary of [[Netmarble Games|Netmarble]];<ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-06-28/harry-potter-is-hot-marvel-avengers-not-in-jam-city-game-plans Harry Potter Hot, Marvel Avengers Not in Jam City Game Plans], [[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]], June 29, 2018</ref> [[mobile game]] developer
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Japan Studio]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1993
|''[[Ape Escape]]'' series<br>''[[Ico]]''<br>''[[Shadow of the Colossus]]''<br>''[[Siren (video game series)|Siren]]'' series<br>''[[Patapon (video game)|Patapon]]'' series<br>''[[LocoRoco|Loco Roco]]'' series<br>''[[Gravity Rush]]'' series<br>''[[Knack (video game)|Knack]]'' series<br>''[[The Last Guardian]]''<br>''[[Fantavision (video game)|Fantavision]]''
| Former division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]], re-organized into [[Team Asobi]] in 2021<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/team-asobi-official-playstation-studios-dev-new-logo |title=PlayStation Confirms Japan Studio Will be Re-Organized |date=17 August 2021 |access-date=12 July 2022}}</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Javaground]]
| [[Irvine, California|Irvine]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[God of War: Betrayal]]''
| [[Mobile game]] developer
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
|[[JOY Entertainment]]
|[[Ho Chi Minh City]]
|
|Vietnam
|2012
|''Captain Strike''
|Mobile game developer
|-
| [[Jupiter (company)|Jupiter]]
| [[Kyoto]]
|
| Japan
| 1996
| ''[[Picross]]'' series<br>''[[Pokémon Pinball]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[JV Games]]
| [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]
| [[Nevada]]
| United States
| 1999
|
|
|- id="K"
| [[Kairosoft]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1996
| ''[[Game Dev Story]]''
|
|-
| [[Kalypso Media]]
| [[Worms, Germany|Worms]]
|
| Germany
| 2006
| ''[[Tropico (video game)|Tropico]]'' series
| Developer/publisher
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Kaos Studios]]
| [[New York City]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 2006
| ''[[Frontlines: Fuel of War]]''<br>''[[Homefront (video game)|Homefront]]''
| Subsidiary of [[THQ]]
|-
| [[Keen Software House]]
| [[Prague]]
|
| Czech Republic
| 2010
| ''[[Space Engineers]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Kesmai]]
| [[Charlottesville]]
| [[Virginia]]
| United States
| 1981
| ''[[Island of Kesmai]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Electronic Arts]]; closed in 2001
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Kiloo|Kiloo Games]]
| [[Aarhus]]
|
| Denmark
| 2000
| ''[[Subway Surfers]]''<br>''[[Frisbee Forever]]''
| [[Mobile game]] developer; closed in 2023<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/kiloo-games-shutting-down Kiloo Games shutting down]. GamesIndustry.biz. June 15, 2023</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[King (company)|King]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 2003
| ''[[Candy Crush Saga|Candy Crush]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Activision Blizzard]]; [[Mobile game]] developer
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Klei Entertainment]]
| [[Vancouver]]
| [[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 2005
| ''[[Shank (video game)|Shank]]'' series<br>''[[Don't Starve]]''
| Acquired by [[Tencent]] in 2021.<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2021-01-22-tencent-acquires-majority-stake-in-klei-entertainment Tencent acquires majority stake in Klei Entertainment]. GamesIndustry.biz. January 22, 2021.</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Koei|Koei Tecmo Games]] (formerly Koei)
| [[Ashikaga, Tochigi|Ashikaga]]
|
| Japan
| 1978
|''Warriors'' franchise
* ''[[Dynasty Warriors]]'' series
* ''[[Samurai Warriors]]'' series
* ''[[Warriors Orochi]]'' series

''Trilogy of Histories'' franchise
* ''[[Nobunaga's Ambition]]'' series
* ''[[Romance of the Three Kingdoms (video game series)|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]'' series
* ''Genghis Khan'' series

''[[Ninja Gaiden]]'' series<br>''[[Dead or Alive (franchise)|Dead or Alive]]'' franchise<br>''[[Nioh]]'' series<br>''[[Haruka: Beyond the Stream of Time|Haruka]]'' series<br>''[[Fire Emblem: Three Houses]]''
| Developer/publisher; subsidiary of [[Koei Tecmo|Koei Tecmo Holdings]]
|-
| [[KOG Studios]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 2000
| ''[[Elsword]]''<br>''[[Grand Chase]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Kojima Productions]]
| [[Shinagawa]],
[[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2005
| ''[[Death Stranding]]'' series
|Originally a Konami subsidiary until 2015, when it was closed and subsequently re-established as an independent studio.
|-
| [[Konami]]
| [[Tokyo Midtown]]<br>[[Minato, Tokyo|Minato]]
|
| Japan
| 1969
| ''[[Gradius]]'' series<br>''[[Contra (series)|Contra]]'' series<br>''[[Metal Gear]]'' series<br>''[[Castlevania (series)|Castlevania]]'' series<br>''[[Survival Kids]]'' franchise
* ''[[Lost in Blue (video game)|Lost in Blue]]''
''[[Pro Evolution Soccer]]'' series<br>''[[Silent Hill]]'' series<br>''[[TwinBee (series)|TwinBee]]'' series<br>''[[Bemani]]'' series<br>''[[Power Pros]]'' series<br>''[[Professional Baseball Spirits]]'' series<br>''[[Ganbare Goemon]]'' series<br>''[[Tokimeki Memorial (series)|Tokimeki Memorial]]'' series<br>''[[LovePlus]]'' series<br>''[[Suikoden]]'' series<br>''[[Bombergirl]]'' series<br/>''[[Shine Post]]''
| Developer/publisher
|-
| [[Kongzhong]]
| [[Beijing]]
|
| China
| 2002
|
|
|-
| [[Krome Studios]]
| [[Brisbane]]
| [[Queensland]]
| Australia
| 1999
| ''[[The Legend of Spyro]]'' series<br>''[[Ty the Tasmanian Tiger]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Krome Studios Melbourne]]
| [[Melbourne]]
| [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
| Australia
| 1988
| ''[[Horace series|Horace]]'' series
| Defunct 
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Kuju Entertainment]]
| [[Shalford, Surrey|Shalford]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1998
| ''[[Microsoft Train Simulator]]''<br>''[[Art Academy (video game)|Art Academy]]'' series<br>''[[Zumba Fitness 2]]''–<br>''[[List of Top Gun video games#Hard Lock|Top Gun: Hard Lock]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Catalis SE]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Kunos Simulazioni]]
| [[Rome]]
|
| Italy
| 2005
| ''[[Assetto Corsa]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Digital Bros]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Kush Games]]
| [[Camarillo, California|Camarillo]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1998
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Kuma Reality Games]]
| [[New York City]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 2003
|
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Kylotonn]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 2002
| ''[[List of World Rally Championship video games#WRC by Kylotonn series|WRC 5–]]''<br>''[[V-Rally 4]]''<br>''[[Test Drive Unlimited Solar Crown]]''
| Acquired by Bigben Interactive (latterly [[Nacon]]) in 2018<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2018-10-03-bigben-spending-spree-continues-with-kylotonn-acquisition Bigben spending spree continues with Kylotonn acquisition], GamesIndustry.biz, October 3, 2018</ref>
|- id="L"
| [[Larian Studios]]
| [[Oudenaarde]]
|
| Belgium
| 1996
| ''[[Divine Divinity|Divinity]]'' series<br>''[[Baldur's Gate III]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Left Field Productions]]
| [[Ventura, California|Ventura]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Excitebike 64]]''
| closed in 2011
|-
| [[Legacy Interactive]]
| [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Emergency Room (series)|Emergency Room]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Legend Entertainment]]
| [[Chantilly, Virginia|Chantilly]]
| [[Virginia]]
| United States
| 1989
| ''[[Spellcasting (series)|Spellcasting]]'' series<br>''[[Superhero League of Hoboken]]''<br>''[[The Wheel of Time (video game)|The Wheel of Time]]''<br>''[[Unreal II: The Awakening|Unreal II]]''
| Closed in 2004.
|-
| [[Legendo Entertainment]]
| [[Gothenburg]]
|
| Sweden
| 2004
|
| Developer/publisher
|-
| [[Lesta Studio]] (formerly Wargaming Saint Petersburg)
| [[Saint Petersburg, Russia|Saint Petersburg]]
|
| Russia
| 1991
| ''[[World of Warships]]''
| Former subsidiary of [[Wargaming (company)|Wargaming]]
|-
| [[Level-5 (company)|Level-5]]
| [[Fukuoka]]
|
| Japan
| 1998
| ''[[Dark Cloud]]'' series<br>''[[Rogue Galaxy]]''<br>''[[Professor Layton]]'' series<br>''[[Inazuma Eleven (series)|Inazuma Eleven]]'' series<br>''[[Ni no Kuni]]'' series<br>''[[Yo-Kai Watch]]'' franchise<br>''[[Fantasy Life]]'' series<br>''[[The Snack World]]''<br>''[[Megaton Musashi]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Quest]]'' ''VIII–IX''
| Developer/publisher and founded by [[Akihiro Hino]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Lift London]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2012
| videogame developer for [[Microsoft Hololens]]
| Subsidiary by [[Microsoft Studios]] in 2018
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Limbic Entertainment]]
| [[Langen, Hesse|Langen]]
|
| Germany
| 2002
| ''[[Might & Magic X: Legacy]]''<br>''[[Might & Magic Heroes VII]]''<br>''[[Tropico 6]]''<br>''[[Park Beyond]]''
| The majority stake was acquired by [[Bandai Namco]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Lionhead Studios]]
| [[Guildford]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1997
| ''[[Black & White (series)|Black & White]]'' series<br>''[[Fable (video game series)|Fable]]'' series
| Closed by [[Microsoft Studios]] in 2016
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Liquid Entertainment]]
| [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1999
| ''[[Battle Realms]]''
| Dissolved in 2018<ref>[https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=199903210059-24600528 DISSOLUTION], California Secretary of State</ref>
|-
| [[Little Green Men Games]]
| [[Zagreb]]
|
| Croatia
| 2006
| ''[[Starpoint Gemini]]'' series
|
|-
| [[LK Avalon]]
| [[Świlcza]], [[Rzeszów]]
|
| Poland
| 1989
| ''[[Hans Kloss (video game)|Hans Kloss]]''<br>''[[Schizm: Mysterious Journey]]''
|
|-
| [[Llamasoft]]
| [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1982
|
|
|-
| [[Linden Lab]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]] 
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1999
| ''[[Second Life]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Locomotive Games]]
| [[Santa Clara County, California|Santa Clara]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[Jet Moto 3]]''
| Defunct in 2008
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[London Studio]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2002
| ''[[SingStar]]'' series
| Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]]; closed in 2024
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Looking Glass Studios]]
| [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1990
| ''[[Ultima Underworld: The Stygian Abyss|Ultima Underworld]]'' series<br>''[[System Shock]]'' series<br>[[Thief (series)|Thief]]'' series''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Love-de-Lic]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1995
| ''[[Moon: Remix RPG Adventure]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[Square (video game company)|Square]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[LucasArts]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1982
| ''[[Maniac Mansion]]''<br>''[[Sam & Max Hit the Road]]''<br>''[[Day of the Tentacle]]''<br>''[[Monkey Island (series)|Monkey Island]]'' series<br>''[[The Dig (video game)|The Dig]]''<br>''[[Full Throttle (1995 video game)|Full Throttle]]''<br>''[[Grim Fandango]]''<br>''[[Star Wars: The Force Unleashed]]'' series<br>''[[Star Wars: Battlefront]]'' series
| Publisher and former developer; closed as developer of April 3, 2013 by [[Disney]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Luma Arcade]]
| [[Johannesburg]]
|
| South Africa
| 2006
|
| Division of Luma Animation
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Luxoflux]]
| [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''True Crime'' series<br>''[[Vigilante 8]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2002; defunct in 2010
|- id="M" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[MachineGames]]
| [[Uppsala]]
|
| Sweden
| 2009
| ''[[Wolfenstein]]'' series<br>''[[Indiana Jones and the Great Circle]]''
| Founded by former employees of [[Starbreeze Studios]]; acquired by [[ZeniMax Media]] in 2010.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Magenta Software]]
| [[Liverpool]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1994
| ''[[Buzz! Junior]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Mages (company)|MAGES.]]
| [[Shibuya, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2005
| ''[[Science Adventure]]'' franchise
* ''[[Steins;Gate]]'' series
* ''[[Robotics;Notes]]'' series
* ''[[Chaos;Child]]'' series
''[[Corpse Party]]'' series<small>(2010–)</small>
| Acquired by COLOPL in 2020.<ref>[https://www.gematsu.com/2020/03/colopl-acquires-mages Colopl acquires Mages]. Gematsu. March 30, 2020.</ref> Former subsidiary of [[Dwango (company)|Dwango]].
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Majesco Entertainment]]
| [[Edison, New Jersey|Edison]]
| [[New Jersey]]
| United States
| 1986
|
| Defunct December 8, 2016
|-
| [[Marvelous (company)|Marvelous]]
|[[Shibuya|Shibuya, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1997
|''[[Senran Kagura]]'' series<br>''[[Soul Sacrifice (video game)|Soul Sacrifice]]'' series<br>''[[Story of Seasons]]'' series<br>''[[Rune Factory]]'' series<br>''[[Fate/Extella: The Umbral Star|Fate/Extella]]'' series<br>''[[Daemon X Machina]]'' series<br>''[[Kandagawa Jet Girls]]''<br>''[[Super Monkey Ball: Banana Splitz]]''
|Developer/publisher
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Massive Entertainment]]
| [[Malmö]]
|
| Sweden
| 1997
| ''[[Ground Control (video game)|Ground Control]]''<br>''[[World In Conflict]]''<br>''[[Tom Clancy's The Division]]'' series<br>''[[Avatar: Frontiers of Pandora]]''<br>''[[Star Wars Outlaws]]''
| Founded in 1997; acquired by [[Vivendi Games|Vivendi Universal Games]] in 2002 and then acquired by [[Ubisoft]] in 2008
|-
| [[Masthead Studios]]
| [[Sofia]]
|
| Bulgaria
| 2005
| ''[[Earthrise (video game)|Earthrise]]''
|
|-
| [[Matrix Software]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1994
| ''[[Omega Labyrinth]]'' series<br>''[[Lost in Blue 2]]''–3<br>''[[Brigandine: The Legend of Runersia]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Maxis]]
| [[Emeryville, California|Emeryville]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1987
| ''[[The Sims (video game)|The Sims]]'' series<br>''[[SimCity]]'' series
| Became a subsidiary of [[Electronic Arts]] in 1997 
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Mean Hamster Software]]
| [[Deer Park, Washington|Deer Park]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1985
|
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Media Molecule]]
| [[Guildford]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2006
| ''[[LittleBigPlanet]]'' series<br>''[[Tearaway (video game)|Tereaway]]'' series
| Founded by former employees of [[Lionhead Studios]]; division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]] since 2010
|-
| [[Media.Vision]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1993
| ''[[Wild Arms]]'' series<br>''[[Chaos Rings]]'' series<br>''[[Digimon Story: Cyber Sleuth]]''/''[[Digimon Story: Time Stranger|Time Stranger]]''<br>''[[Summon Night 6]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Mediatonic]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2005
| ''[[Robot Unicorn Attack]]''<br>''[[Fable Fortune]]''
| Subsidiary of Tonic Games Group, which was acquired by [[Epic Games]] in 2021
|-
| [[MegaZebra]]
| [[Munich]]
|
| Germany
| 2009
|
|
|-
| [[Mercury Steam]]
| [[Madrid]]
|
| Spain
| 2002
| ''[[Castlevania: Lords of Shadow]]'' series
''[[Metroid: Samus Returns]]''

''[[Metroid Dread]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Metropolis Software]]
| [[Warsaw]]
|
| Poland
| 1992
| ''[[Teenagent]]''<br>''[[Gorky 17]]''<br>''[[Infernal (video game)|Infernal]]''
| Studio was bought by [[CD Projekt]] in 2008 and closed in 2009.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[MicroProse|MicroProse Software]]
| [[Hunt Valley, Maryland|Hunt Valley]]
| [[Maryland]]
| United States
| 1982
| ''[[Silent Service (video game)|Silent Service]]''<br>''[[Gunship (video game)|Gunship]]''<br>''[[Sid Meier's Pirates!|Pirates!]]''<br>''[[Railroad Tycoon]]''<br>''[[Civilization (series)|Civilization]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Microsoft Studios#Microsoft Casual Games|Microsoft Casual Games]]
| [[Redmond, Washington|Redmond]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2013
|''[[Microsoft Solitaire Collection|Solitaire]]''<br>''[[Microsoft Mahjong|Mahjong]]''<br>''[[Microsoft Minesweeper|Minesweeper]]''<br>''[[Wordament]]''
| Division of [[Microsoft]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Midway Games]]
| [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1988
| ''[[Mortal Kombat series|Mortal Kombat]]'' series<br>''[[NFL Blitz]]'' series
| {{as of|2012}}, Midway is a corporation existing under Delaware law subject to a Chapter 11 bankruptcy [[liquidation]] plan
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Midway Studios – Newcastle]]
| [[Gateshead]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1996
| ''[[Test Drive (series)|Test Drive]] 4–6''
| Defunct in 2009
|-
| [[Might and Delight]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 2010
| ''[[Shelter (video game)|Shelter]]'' series
| Formed by former employees of [[Grin (company)|Grin]]
|-
|[[miHoYo]]
|[[Shanghai]]
|
|China
|2012
|''[[Honkai]]'' series<br>''[[Tears of Themis]]''<br>''[[Genshin Impact]]''<br>''[[Zenless Zone Zero]]''
|Developer and publisher; founded by [[Cai Haoyu]], [[Liu Wei (businessman, born 1987)|Liu Wei]], and Luo Yuhao, three former students from [[Shanghai Jiao Tong University]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[MileStone Inc.|Milestone]]
| [[Suginami, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2003
| ''[[Chaos Field]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Milestone (Italian company)|Milestone srl]]
| [[Milan]]
|
| Italy
| 1996
| ''[[Superbike 2001|Superbike]]'' series<br>''[[MotoGP (Milestone video game series)|MotoGP]]'' series<br>''[[List of World Rally Championship video games#WRC by Milestone series|WRC 1–4]]''<br>''[[MXGP The Official Motocross Videogame|MXGP]]'' series<br>''[[Ride (video game)|Ride]]'' series<br>''[[Monster Energy Supercross: The Official Videogame|Monster Energy Supercross]]'' series<br>''[[Hot Wheels Unleashed]]'' series<br>''[[Monster Jam Showdown]]''
| Acquired by [[Koch Media]] in 2019
|-
| [[Millennium Kitchen]]
| Tokyo
|
| Japan
| 1997
| ''[[Boku no Natsuyasumi]]'' series<br>''[[Natsu-Mon: 20th Century Summer Kid|Natsu-Mon]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Mimimi Games]]
| [[Munich]]
|
| Germany
| 2011
| ''[[Desperados (video game series)|Desperados]] III''
| the studio was closed in 2023<ref>[https://www.gamespot.com/articles/weeks-after-releasing-an-acclaimed-game-a-15-year-old-studio-is-shutting-down/1100-6517269/ Weeks After Releasing An Acclaimed Game, A 15-Year-Old Studio Is Shutting Down]. GameSpot. August 29, 2023</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Minakuchi Engineering]]
| [[Kōka District, Shiga|Kōka]]
|
| Japan
| 1984
| ''[[Solar Striker]]''<br />''[[Mega Man]]'' series
| Exact fate unknown. Defunct in 2002 (estimated)
|-
| [[Mistwalker]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2004
| ''[[Blue Dragon (video game)|Blue Dragon]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Mitchell Corporation]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1960
| ''[[Polarium]]''<br>''[[Puzz Loop]]'' series
|
|-
| [[MLB Advanced Media]]
| [[New York City]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[R.B.I. Baseball]] 17''–
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Mode 7 Games]]
| [[Brighton]]
| [[East Sussex]]
| United Kingdom
| 2005
| ''[[Frozen Synapse]]'' series<br>''[[Tokyo 42]]''
| The company still exists, but they exited the game development business in 2019.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Mojang|Mojang AB]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 2009
| ''[[Minecraft]]'' series<br>''[[Scrolls (video game)|Scrolls]]''
| Former [[Indie game|Indie]] developer and publisher; acquired by [[Microsoft]] on September 15, 2014 
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Monolith Productions]]
| [[Kirkland, Washington|Kirkland]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[F.E.A.R. (series)|F.E.A.R.]]'' series<br>''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]''
''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]''
| Acquired by [[Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment]] in 2004; closed in 2025
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Monolith Soft]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1999
| ''[[Xenosaga]]'' series<br>''[[Baten Kaitos: Eternal Wings and the Lost Ocean|Baten Kaitos]]'' series<br>''[[Xenoblade Chronicles]]'' series<br>''[[Project X Zone]]'' series
| Founded by [[Tetsuya Takahashi]] and former subsidiary of [[Namco]]; acquired by [[Nintendo]] as a first-party developer and subsidiary in 2007
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Monster Games]]
| [[Northfield, Minnesota|Northfield]]
| [[Minnesota]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[NASCAR Heat]]'' series<br>''[[Excite Truck]]''<br>''[[Pilotwings Resort]]''
| Acquired by [[iRacing|iRacing.com Motorsport Simulations]] in 2022
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Monte Cristo (company)|Monte Cristo]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 1995
| ''[[City Life (video game)|City Life]]'' series<br>''[[Cities XL]]''
| Defunct in 2010
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Moonton]]
|[[Shanghai]]
|
|China
|2015
|''[[Mobile Legends: Bang Bang]]''
|Acquired by [[Bytedance]] in 2021
|-
| [[Moon Studios]]
| [[Vienna]]
|
| Austria
| 2010
| ''[[Ori and the Blind Forest|Ori]]'' series
|
|-
|[[Motion Twin]]
|[[Bordeaux]]
|
|France
|2001
|[[Dead Cells]]
|
|-
| [[MTO (video game company)|MTO]]
| [[Yokohama]]
|
| Japan
| 1996
| ''[[GT Advance Championship Racing|GT Advance]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Mythic Entertainment]]
| [[Fairfax, Virginia|Fairfax]]
| [[Virginia]]
| United States
| 1995
|''[[Dark Age of Camelot]]''
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2006 and closed in 2014
|- id="N" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Nadeo]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 2000
| ''[[TrackMania]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Ubisoft]] in 2009
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Namco Tales Studio]]
|[[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1986
| ''[[Tales (video game series)|Tales]]'' series
| Originally it was division or subsidiary of [[Telenet Japan]] but it became a jointly owned company of Namco and Telenet Japan
|-
| [[NanaOn-Sha]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1993
| ''[[PaRappa the Rapper]]'' series<br/>''[[Tamagotchi Connection: Corner Shop]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Nanobit]]
| [[Zagreb]]
|
| Croatia
| 2008
|
| Acquired by Stillfront Group in 2020
|-
| [[NAPS team]]
| [[Messina]]
|
| Italy
| 1993
| ''[[Gekido]]'' series<br>''[[Baldo: The Guardian Owls]]''
|NAPS team is the oldest Italian development studio
|-
| [[Natsume Atari]]
| [[Shinjuku, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1987
| ''[[Metabots]]'' series<br>''[[Tony Hawk's Pro Skater (video game)#Ports|Tony Hawk's Pro Skater (GBC version)]]''<br>''[[Pocky and Rocky]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Natsume Inc.]]
| [[Burlingame, California]]
|
| United States 
| 1988
| ''[[Harvest Moon (2007 video game series)|Harvest Moon]]'' series<br> ''[[Reel Fishing]]'' <br> ''[[List of River King video games|River King]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[NaturalMotion]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2001
| ''[[Backbreaker (video game)|Backbreaker]]'' series<br>''[[CSR Racing]]'' series<br>''[[Star Wars: Hunters]]''
| Acquired by [[Zynga]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Naughty Dog]]
| [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1986
| ''[[Crash Bandicoot (series)|Crash Bandicoot]]'' 1–3<br>''[[Crash Team Racing]]''<br>''[[Jak and Daxter]]'' series<br>''[[Uncharted (series)|Uncharted]]'' series<br>''[[The Last of Us (video game)|The Last of Us]]'' series
| Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]] since 2001
|-
| [[NCSoft]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 1997
| ''[[Aion: Upheaval|Aion]]''<br>''[[Lineage (series)|Lineage]]'' series<br>''[[Blade & Soul]]'' series
| Online game developer/publisher
|- style="background:#ffe8a9"
| [[NDOORS Corporation]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 1999
|''[[Atlantica Online]]''
| Developer/publisher; subsidiary of [[Nexon]]; merged into Nexon Red in 2017<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2018-01-02-nexon-merges-ndoors-and-nexon-red Nexon merges NDoors and Nexon Red], GamesIndustry.biz, January 2, 2018</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9"
| [[Neko Entertainment]]
| [[Montreuil-sous-Bois]]
|
| France
| 1998
| ''[[Cocoto Platform Jumper|Cocoto]]''<br>''[[The Mysterious Cities of Gold: Secret Paths]]''<br>''[[Kung Fu Rabbit]]''<br>''[[Puddle (video game)|Puddle]]''
| Developer/publisher; defunct in 2017
|- style="background:#ffe8a9"
| [[Nerve Software]]
| [[Richardson, Texas|Richardson]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1999
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[NetDevil]]
| [[Louisville, Colorado|Louisville]]
| [[Colorado]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[LEGO Universe]]''
|
|-
| [[NetDragon Websoft]]
| [[Fuzhou]]
|
| China
| 1999
| ''[[Disney Fantasy Online]]''
|
|-
| [[NetEase]]
| [[Guangzhou]]
|
| China
| 1997
| ''[[Fantasy Westward Journey]]''<br>''[[Cyber Hunter]]''<br>''[[Identity V]]''<br>''[[Rules of Survival]]''<br>''[[Marvel Duel]]''<br>''[[Marvel Super War]]''<br>''[[Revelation Online]]''<br>''[[Destiny: Rising]]''
| Developer, publisher, and online services company
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[NetherRealm Studios]]
| [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 2010
| ''[[Mortal Kombat (2011 video game)|Mortal Kombat]]'' series<br>''[[Injustice (franchise)|Injustice]]'' franchise
|Successor to [[Midway Games]]; Subsidiary of [[Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Neverland (company)|Neverland]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1993
| ''[[Rune Factory]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Neversoft]]
| [[Woodland Hills, California|Woodland Hills]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Guitar Hero]]'' III–Metallica<br>''[[Tony Hawk (series)|Tony Hawk]]'' series
* ''[[Tony Hawk's Pro Skater (video game)|Tony Hawk's Pro Skater]]'' 1–4
* ''[[Tony Hawk's Underground]]'' series
''[[Gun (video game)|Gun]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 1999; merged into [[Infinity Ward]] in 2014
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[New World Computing]]
| [[Agoura Hills, California|Agoura Hills]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1984
| ''[[Might and Magic]]'' franchise
* ''[[Heroes of Might and Magic]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[New World Interactive]]
| [[Denver]] 
| [[Colorado]]
| United States
| 2010
| ''[[Insurgency (video game)|Insurgency]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Saber Interactive]] in 2020<ref name="embracer-202008" />
|-
| [[Nexon]]
| [[Tokyo]]<br>[[Seoul]]
|
| Japan<br>South Korea
| 2002<br>1994
| ''[[MapleStory]]'' series<br>''[[Mabinogi (video game)|Mabinogi]]''<br>''[[Vindictus]]''<br>''[[Atlantica Online]]''<br>''[[ARC Raiders]]''
| Online video game developer, publisher and distributor; moved its headquarters from Korea to Japan.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Next Level Games]]
| [[Vancouver]]
|[[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 2002
| ''[[Super Mario Strikers]]'' series<br>''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]''<br>''[[Luigi's Mansion 3]]''<br>''[[Spider-Man: Friend or Foe]]''
| Acquired by [[Nintendo]] in 2021.<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2021-01-05-nintendo-acquires-next-level-games Nintendo acquires Next Level Games]. GamesIndustry.biz. January 5, 2021.</ref>
|-
| [[Niantic, Inc.|Niantic]]
| [[San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2010
| ''[[Ingress (video game)|Ingress]]''<br>''[[Pokémon Go]]''<br>''[[Harry Potter: Wizards Unite]]''<br>''[[Monster Hunter Now]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Nibris]]
| [[Kraków]]
|
| Poland
| 2000
|
|
|-
| [[Nicalis]]
| [[Santa Ana, California|Santa Ana]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2007
| ''[[VVVVVV]]''<br>''[[Cave Story]]''<br>''[[NightSky]]''<br>''[[1001 Spikes]]''<br>''[[The Binding of Isaac: Rebirth|The Binding of Isaac]]'' series<br>''[[Crystal Crisis]]''
| Indie developer/publisher
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Night School Studio]]
| [[Glendale, California|Glendale]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2014
| ''[[Oxenfree]]'' series<br>''[[Afterparty (video game)|Afterparty]]''
| Acquired by [[Netflix]] in 2021
|-
| [[Nihon Falcom]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1981
|[[Ys (series)|''Ys'']] series<br>''[[Xanadu (video game)|Xanadu]]'' series<br>''[[The Legend of Heroes]]'' franchise<br>''[[Dragon Slayer (series)|Dragon Slayer]]'' series<br>''[[Trails (series)|Trails]]''
| Developer/publisher
|-
| [[Nikita Online]]
| [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]]
|
| Russia
| 1991
|
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Nimble Giant Entertainment]]
| [[Buenos Aires]]
|
| Argentina
| 2002
| ''[[Regnum Online]]''<br />''[[Master of Orion: Conquer the Stars]]''<br>''[[Star Trek: Infinite]]''
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2020.<ref name="embracer-nov2020" />
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Ninjabee]]
| [[Orem, Utah|Orem]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 2005
|
| Division of [[Wahoo Studios]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Ninja Theory]]
| [[Cambridge]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2000
| ''[[Heavenly Sword]]''<br>''[[Enslaved: Odyssey to the West]]''<br>''[[DmC: Devil May Cry]]''<br>''[[Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice|Hellblade]]'' series
| Former Indie developer and publisher; acquired by [[Microsoft Studios]] in 2018
|-
| [[Nintendo]]
| [[Kyoto]]
|
| Japan
| 1889
| ''[[Donkey Kong]]'' franchise
''[[Mario (franchise)|Super Mario]]'' franchise<br>''[[The Legend of Zelda]]'' franchise<br>''[[Pokémon]]'' franchise<br>''[[Fire Emblem]]'' franchise<br>''[[Splatoon]]'' series<br>''[[Metroid]]'' franchise<br>''[[Kid Icarus]]'' series<br>''[[Pikmin]]'' series<br>''[[Xenoblade Chronicles]]'' series<br>''[[Animal Crossing]]'' series<br>''[[F-Zero (video game)|F-Zero]]'' series<br>''[[Star Fox (series)|Star Fox]]'' series<br>''[[Kirby (series)|Kirby]]'' franchise<br>''[[Mother (video game series)|Mother]]'' series<br>''[[Super Smash Bros. (series)|Super Smash Bros.]]'' series<br>''[[Tomodachi Collection|Tomodachi]]'' series<br>''[[Brain Age]]'' series<br>''[[Big Brain Academy]]'' series<br>''[[Nintendogs]]'' series<br>''[[Wave Race]]'' series<br>''[[Famicom Detective Club]]'' series<br>''[[Excitebike]]''<br>''[[Pilotwings (video game)|Pilotwings]]''<br>''[[Tetris Attack]]'' series<br>''[[Wii (video game series)#Wii Sports|Wii Sports]]'' series<br>''[[1-2-Switch]]'' series
| First-party developer/publisher/console manufacturer
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Nintendo Cube]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2000
| ''[[Wii Party]]'' series<br>''[[Mario Party]]'' series<br>''[[Clubhouse Games: 51 Worldwide Classics]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Nintendo]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Nintendo Software Technology]]
| [[Redmond, Washington|Redmond]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Bionic Commando: Elite Forces]]''<br>''[[Wave Race: Blue Storm]]''<br>''[[Mario vs. Donkey Kong (sub-series)|Mario vs. Donkey Kong]]'' series
| Subsidiary of Nintendo
|-
| [[Nippon Ichi Software]]
|[[Kakamigahara]]
|
| Japan
| 1991
| ''[[Rhapsody: A Musical Adventure]]''<br>''[[La Pucelle: Tactics]]''<br>''[[Disgaea]]'' series<br>''[[Phantom Brave]]'' series<br>''[[GrimGrimoire]]''<br>''[[Hotaru no Nikki]]''
|Developer/publisher
|-
| [[Nival (company)|Nival]]
| [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]]
|
| Russia
| 1996
| ''[[Etherlords]]'' series<br>''[[Blitzkrieg (video game series)|Blitzkrieg]]'' series<br>''[[Heroes of Might and Magic V]]''<br>''[[Prime World]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[NMK (company)|NMK]]
|
|
| data-sort-value="Japan" | Japan
| 1985
| ''Hacha Mecha Fighter'' <br/> ''Thunder Dragon'' <br/> ''[[Zed Blade]]''
| defunct 1999, acquired by [[Hamster Corporation]] in 2017
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Nordeus]]
| [[Belgrade]]
|
| Serbia
| 2009
| ''[[Top Eleven Football Manager]]''
| Developer/publisher; acquired by [[Take-Two Interactive]] in 2021
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[NovaLogic]]
| [[Agoura Hills, California|Agoura Hills]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1985
| ''[[Delta Force (video game)|Delta Force]]'' series<br>''[[Joint Operations: Typhoon Rising|Joint Operations]]'' series
| Their assets were acquired by [[THQ Nordic]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Novarama]]
| [[Barcelona]]
|
| Spain
| 2003
| ''[[Invizimals (series)|Invizimals]]'' series
| closed in 2024<ref>[https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20240316/9565744/cierra-novarama-empresa-videojuegos-veterana-barcelona.html Cierra Novarama, una de las empresas de videojuegos más veteranas de Barcelona] {{In lang|es}}. [[La Vanguardia]]. March 16, 2024.</ref>
|-
| [[Now Production]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 1986
| ''[[Mario Super Sluggers]]''<br>''[[Sonic Riders]]''<br>''[[Pac-Man Museum+]]''<br>''[[Pac-Man World#Remake|Pac-Man World Re-Pac]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Nude Maker]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2002
| ''[[Steel Battalion]]'' series<br>''[[Infinite Space]]''<br>''[[NightCry]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[Human Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[NuFX]]
| [[Hoffman Estates, Illinois|Hoffman Estates]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1990
|
| Merged into EA Chicago in 2004
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[n-Space]]
| [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]]
| [[Florida]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Heroes of Ruin]]''<br>Port for various video games, include ''[[Call of Duty]]'' series
|
|- id="O" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Obsidian Entertainment]]
| [[Irvine, California|Irvine]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2004
| ''[[Fallout New Vegas]]''<br>''[[Neverwinter Nights 2]]''<br>''[[Dungeon Siege III]]''<br>''[[South Park: The Stick of Truth]]''<br>''[[Pillars of Eternity]]''<br>''[[The Outer Worlds]]'' series<br>''[[Grounded (video game)|Grounded]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Microsoft Studios]] in 2018
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ocean Software]]
| [[Manchester]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1983
| ''[[The Addams Family (video game)|The Addams Family]]'' series<br>''[[Top Gun (1986 video game)|Top Gun (1986)]]''
| defunct in 1998
|-
| [[Oddworld Inhabitants]]
| [[San Luis Obispo, California|San Luis Obispo]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Oddworld]]'' series
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Omega Force]]
| [[Ashikaga, Tochigi|Ashikaga]]
|
| Japan
| 1997
| ''Warriors'' franchise
* ''[[Dynasty Warriors]]'' series
* ''[[Dynasty Warriors: Gundam]]'' series
* ''[[Samurai Warriors]]'' series
* ''[[Warriors Orochi]]'' series
* ''[[One Piece: Pirate Warriors]]'' series
* ''[[Hyrule Warriors]]''
* ''[[Fire Emblem Warriors]]''

''[[Toukiden: The Age of Demons|Toukiden]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Quest Heroes: The World Tree's Woe and the Blight Below|Dragon Quest Heroes]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Quest Builders 2]]''<br>''[[Persona 5 Strikers]]''<br>''[[Pokémon Pokopia]]''
| Division of [[Koei Tecmo|Koei Tecmo Games]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Origin Systems]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1983
| ''[[Ultima series|Ultima]]'' series<br>''[[Ultima Online]]''<br>''[[Wing Commander (franchise)|Wing Commander]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 1992 and closed in 2004
|-
| [[OtherSide Entertainment]]
| [[Boston]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 2013
| ''[[Underworld Ascendant]]''<br>''[[System Shock]] 3''
| Founded by one of [[Looking Glass Studios]] founders.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Outfit7]]
| [[Ljubljana]]
|
| Slovenia
| 2010
| ''[[Talking Tom and Friends]]'' franchise
| Acquired by Zhejiang Jinke Entertainment Culture Co., Ltd. in 2017
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Outrage Entertainment]]
| [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]]
| [[Michigan]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[Descent 3]]''
| Closed in 2004
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Out of the Park Developments]]
| [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]]
|
| Germany
| 1999
| ''[[Out of the Park Baseball]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Com2uS]] in 2020
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Overkill Software]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 2009
| ''[[Payday: The Heist|Payday]]'' series
| Founded by [[Grin (company)|Grin]] founders; acquired by [[Starbreeze Studios]] in 2012
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Oxygen Studios]]
| [[Croydon]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2006
| ''[[King of Clubs (video game)|King of Clubs]]''
|
|- id="P" style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Page 44 Studios]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Freekstyle]]''<br>''[[High School Musical 3: Senior Year Dance]]''<br>''[[Madden NFL 11]]'' iOS<br>''[[uDraw Pictionary]]''<br>''[[World of Goo]]'' iOS
| Subsidiary of [[Zynga]]; closed in 2011.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Pangea Software]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1987
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Paradigm Entertainment]]
| [[Farmers Branch, Texas|Farmers Branch]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[F-1 World Grand Prix]]'' series<br>''[[Pilotwings 64]]''
| Acquired by [[Atari SA|Infogrames Entertainment SA]] in 2000; acquired by [[THQ]] in 2006; closed in 2008
|-
| [[People Can Fly]]
| [[Warsaw]]
|
| Poland
| 2002
| ''[[Bulletstorm]]''<br>''[[Painkiller (video game)|Painkiller]]''<br>''[[Gears of War: E-Day]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Project Sora]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2009
| ''[[Kid Icarus: Uprising]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Nintendo]]; became defunct in 2012
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Purple Lamp Studios]]
| [[Vienna]]
|
| Austria
| 2018
| ''[[SpongeBob SquarePants: Battle for Bikini Bottom – Rehydrated]]''<br>''[[Epic Mickey#Remake|Epic Mickey: Rebrushed]]''
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2020.<ref name="embracer-nov2020" />
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Project Soul]]
|[[Tokyo]]
|
|Japan
|1996
|''[[Soul (series)|Soul]]'' series
|Division of [[Bandai Namco Studios]]
|-
| [[Panther Games|Panther Games Pty Ltd]]
| [[Canberra]]
|
| Australia
| 1985
| ''[[Fire-Brigade: The Battle for Kiev - 1943|Fire-Brigade]]''<br>''[[Command Ops: Battles from the Bulge]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Paradox Development Studio]]
| [[Stockholm]]
|
| Sweden
| 1995
| ''[[Europa Universalis]]'' series<br>''[[Hearts of Iron]]'' series<br>''[[Victoria: An Empire Under the Sun|Victoria]]'' series<br>''[[Crusader Kings (video game)|Crusader Kings]]'' series
| In-house development studio and subsidiary of [[Paradox Interactive]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Parallax Software]]
| [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]]
| [[Michigan]]
| United States
| 1993
| ''[[Descent (video game)|Descent]]'' series
| Split into [[Volition (company)|Volition]] and [[Outrage Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Pandemic Studios]]
| [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Star Wars: Battlefront]]''<br>''[[Destroy All Humans!]]'' series<br>''[[Full Spectrum Warrior]]''<br>''[[Mercenaries: Playground of Destruction]]''<br>''[[The Saboteur]]''
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2007 and closed in 2009.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Pendulo Studios]]
| [[Madrid]]
|
| Spain
| 1993
| ''[[Hollywood Monsters (video game)|Hollywood Monsters]]'' series<br>''[[Runaway: A Road Adventure|Runaway]]'' series<br>''[[Yesterday (video game)|Yesterday]]'' series
| closed in 2025<ref>[https://as.com/meristation/noticias/los-espanoles-pendulo-studios-creadores-de-runaway-y-hollywood-monsters-echaron-el-cierre-hace-meses-quisieron-esconderlo-debajo-de-la-alfombra-n/ Los españoles Pendulo Studios, creadores de Runaway y Hollywood Monsters, echaron el cierre hace meses: “Quisieron esconderlo debajo de la alfombra”] {{In lang|es}}. [[MeriStation]]. October 6, 2025</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Penguin Software]]
| [[Geneva, Illinois|Geneva]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1978
| ''[[Transylvania (series)|Transylvania]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Perfect World (company)|Perfect World]]
| [[Beijing]]
|
| China
| 2004
| ''[[Perfect World (video game)|Perfect World]]'' series
| Developer/publisher
|-
| [[Petroglyph (game studio)|Petroglyph]]
| [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]
| [[Nevada]]
| United States
| 2003
| ''[[Star Wars: Empire at War]]''<br>''[[Universe at War: Earth Assault]]''<br>''[[Grey Goo (video game)|Grey Goo]]''<br>''[[Command & Conquer Remastered Collection]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Phantagram]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 1994
| ''[[Kingdom Under Fire]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Blueside]] in 2010<ref>[http://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/11/28/2016112801142.html 김세정 블루사이드 대표 "7년간 800억원 투자한 '킹덤언더파이어2'...전 세계 흥행 자신감"] {{in lang|ko}}, [[The Chosun Ilbo|ChosunBiz]], November 28, 2016</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Pipeworks Studios]]
| [[Eugene, Oregon|Eugene]]
| [[Oregon]]
| United States
| 1999
| ''[[Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee]]''<br>''[[Deadliest Warrior (video game)|Deadliest Warrior]]''<br>''[[Zumba Fitness (video game)|Zumba Fitness]]''
| Acquired by [[Sumo Digital|Sumo Group]] in 2020, acquired by [[Jagex]] in 2022, and acquired by [[Virtuos]] in 2025
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Piranha Bytes]]
| [[Essen]]
|
| Germany
| 1997
| ''[[Gothic (series)|Gothic]]'' 1–3<br>''[[Risen (series)|Risen]]'' series<br>''[[ELEX]]''
| Acquired by [[THQ Nordic]] in 2019; closed in 2024
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Piranha Games]] 
| Vancouver
| British Columbia
| Canada
| 2000
| ''[[MechWarrior 5: Mercenaries|MechWarrior 5]]''<br>''[[MechWarrior Online]]''<br>''[[Bass Pro Shops: The Strike]]''<br>''[[Die Hard: Nakatomi Plaza]]''
| Acquired by [[Enad Global 7]] in 2020.<ref name="eg7-nov2020" />
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Pivotal Games]]
| [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2000
| ''[[Conflict (series)|Conflict]]'' series<br>''[[The Great Escape (2003 video game)|The Great Escape]]''
|
|-
| [[Pixel Federation]]
| [[Bratislava]]
|
| Slovakia
| 2007
| [[Galactic Junk League]]
| Developer/Publisher
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Playdom]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
|[[California]]
| United States
| 2009
|
| [[Facebook]], [[Myspace]] game developer Subsidiary of The [[Walt Disney Company]]; closed in 2016
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Playfish]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2007
| ''[[The Sims Social]]''
| [[Facebook]], [[Myspace]] game developer Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]]; closed in 2013
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[PlayFirst]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2004
|
| Acquired by [[Glu Mobile]] in 2014; [[Casual game]] developer, publisher and portal
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Playground Games]]
| [[Royal Leamington Spa]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2009
| ''[[Forza Horizon]]'' series<br>''[[Fable (2026 video game)|Fable (2026)]]''
| Acquired by [[Microsoft Studios]] in 2018
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[PlayStation Studios]]
|[[Tokyo]], [[Fukuoka]], [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]], [[Los Angeles]], [[San Diego]], [[Bend, Oregon|Bend]], [[Amsterdam]], [[London]], [[Guildford]], [[Cambridge]] 
|[[California]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], [[Oregon]], [[England]]
|Japan, United States, Netherlands, United Kingdom
|2005
|
|A group of first-party development studios and subsidiaries owned by [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] 
|-
| [[PlatinumGames]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 2006
| ''[[MadWorld]]''<br>''[[Bayonetta]]'' series<br>''[[Vanquish (video game)|Vanquish]]''<br>''[[Anarchy Reigns]]''<br>''[[Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance]]''<br>''[[The Wonderful 101]]''<br>''[[Star Fox Zero]]''<br>''[[Nier: Automata]]''<br>''[[Astral Chain]]''<br>''[[Ninja Gaiden 4]]''
| Successor to [[Clover Studio]], and founded by [[Shinji Mikami]], [[Atsushi Inaba]], and [[Hideki Kamiya]].
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Polyphony Digital]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1998
| ''[[Gran Turismo (series)|Gran Turismo]]'' series<br>''[[Tourist Trophy (video game)|Tourist Trophy]]''
| Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[PopCap Games]]
| [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[Bejeweled (video game)|Bejeweled]]'' series<br>''[[Plants vs. Zombies]]'' series<br>''[[Peggle]]'' series<br>''[[Zuma (video game)|Zuma]]''
| [[Casual game]] developer, publisher and portal; subsidiary of [[Electronic Arts]] since 2011
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[PopTop Software]]
| [[Fenton, Missouri|Fenton]]
| [[Missouri]]
| United States
| 1993
| ''[[Tropico (video game)|Tropico]]''<br>''[[Railroad Tycoon]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Take-Two Interactive]] in 2000 and merged into [[Firaxis Games]] in 2006
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Press Play (developer)|Press Play]]
| [[Copenhagen]]
|
| Denmark
| 2006
| ''[[Max & the Magic Marker]]''<br>''[[Max: The Curse of Brotherhood]]''
| Former subsidiary of [[Microsoft Studios]]; defunct in March 2016
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Private Division]]
| [[New York City]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 2017
| ''[[Kerbal Space Program 2]]''
| Former subsidiary of [[Take-Two Interactive]]. The company still exists, but their game development studios, Intercept Games studio and [[Roll7]] studio, were closed in 2024.<ref>[https://www.eurogamer.net/take-two-sells-private-division-label-confirms-closure-of-olliolli-world-and-kerbal-space-program-2-studios Take-Two sells Private Division label, confirms closure of OlliOlli World and Kerbal Space Program 2 studios]. Eurogamer.net. November 6, 2024.</ref> 
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Psyonix]]
| [[San Diego]]
| [[California]]
| United States
|2001
|''[[Rocket League]]'' series<br>''[[XCOM: Enemy Unknown]]''
| Acquired by [[Epic Games]] in 2019
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Krafton#PUBG Studios|PUBG Studios]]
| [[Seongnam]]
|
| South Korea
| 2009
| ''[[Devilian]]''<br>''[[PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds]]''
| Acquired by Bluehole (currently [[Krafton]]) in 2015
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Punch Entertainment]]
| [[Hanoi]] 
|
| Vietnam
| 2005
|
| Subsidiary of {{interlanguage link|Evolable Asia|ja|エボラブルアジア}}; [[Casual game]]s, [[social network game|social games]] developer
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Pyro Studios|Pyro Mobile]]
| [[Madrid]]
|
| Spain
| 1996
| ''[[Commandos (series)|Commandos]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Zed Group]]; their assets were acquired by [[Kalypso Media]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180919221542/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/322057/Tropico_publisher_Kalypso_acquires_rights_to_Commandos_series.php Tropico publisher Kalypso acquires rights to Commandos series], Gamasutra, July 13, 2018</ref>
|- id="Q" style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Q Entertainment]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2003
| ''[[Lumines]]'' series
| Acquired by Sanyo Kasei Seisakusho in 2013 and the parent company was defunct in 2018.
|-
| [[Q-Games]]
| [[Nakagyō-ku, Kyoto|Nakagyō-ku]]
|
| Japan
| 2001
| ''[[Star Fox Command]]''<br>''[[PixelJunk]]'' series<br>''[[The Tomorrow Children]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Quantic Dream]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 1997
| ''[[Fahrenheit (2005 video game)|Fahrenheit]]''<br>''[[Heavy Rain]]''<br>''[[Beyond: Two Souls]]''<br>''[[Detroit: Become Human]]''
| Acquired by [[NetEase]] in 2022
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Quest Corporation]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1988
| ''[[Ogre Battle]]'' series
| The game development division was acquired by Square in 2002
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
|[[Quintet (company)|Quintet]]
|Tokyo
|
|Japan
|1989
|[[ActRaiser]]<br>[[Soul Blazer]]<br>[[Illusion of Gaia]]<br>[[Terranigma]]<br>[[Robotrek]]
|The company appears to have been inactive since 2002. According to ''Terranigma'' artist Kamui Fujiwara, Quintet president Tomoyoshi Miyazaki had "disappeared" to his knowledge. A remaster of ''ActRaiser'' entitled ''[[ActRaiser#ActRaiser Renaissance|ActRaiser Renaissance]]'' was released in September 2021 by [[Square Enix]], suggesting that Square Enix at least has access to ''ActRaiser''<nowiki/>'s rights, and might have the rest of Quintet's library as well.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-24 |title=ActRaiser got a remake, so now it's time for a Soul Blazer trilogy revival |url=https://www.nintendo.destructoid.com/actraiser-remake-soul-blazer-trilogy-revival-illusion-of-gaia-terranigma/ |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=Destructoid - Nintendo |language=en-US}}</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Radical Entertainment]]
| [[Vancouver]]
|
| Canada
| 1991
| ''[[Prototype (series)|Prototype]]'' series<br>''[[Mario Is Missing!]]''<br>''[[Crash Tag Team Racing]]''<br>''[[Crash of the Titans]]''
| Acquired by [[Vivendi Games]] in 2005; dissolved in 2013<ref>[https://www.ic.gc.ca/app/scr/cc/CorporationsCanada/fdrlCrpDtls.html?corpId=4288882 Federal Corporation Information - 428888-2], Government of Canada</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Rage Games]]
| [[Liverpool]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1992
| ''[[Incoming (1998 video game)|Incoming]]'' series
| Defunct in 2003
|-
| [[Rainbow Studios]]
| [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]]
| [[Arizona]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[MX vs. ATV]]'' series<br>''[[List of Monster Jam video games#Monster Jam Steel Titans|Monster Jam Steel Titans]]'' series
| Acquired by [[THQ]], later closed by THQ, but re-instated in 2013 by [[Nordic Games (company)|Nordic Games]] (later known as THQ Nordic); became independent in 2024
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Rare (company)|Rare]]
| [[Twycross]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1985
| ''[[Battletoads]]'' series<br>''[[Donkey Kong Country (series)|Donkey Kong Country]]'' series<br>[[Killer Instinct (video game series)|''Killer Instinct'']] series<br>''[[Banjo-Kazooie (video game)|Banjo-Kazooie]]'' series<br>''[[Donkey Kong 64]]''<br>''[[GoldenEye 007 (1997 video game)|GoldenEye 007]]''<br>''[[Conker's Bad Fur Day]]''<br>''[[Perfect Dark (series)|Perfect Dark]]'' series<br>''[[Kinect Sports]]'' series<br>''[[Sea of Thieves]]''
| Successor to [[Ultimate Play the Game]]; second-party developer for [[Nintendo]]; turned; Acquired by [[Microsoft Studios]] in 2002 as a first-party developer
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Raven Software]]
| [[Middleton, Wisconsin|Middleton]]
| [[Wisconsin]]
| United States
| 1990
| ''[[Heretic (video game)|Heretic]]''<br>''[[Hexen: Beyond Heretic|Hexen]]''<br>''[[Singularity (video game)|Singularity]]''<br>''[[Call of Duty]]'' series<br>''[[Star Wars Jedi Knight II: Jedi Outcast]]''<br>''[[Soldier of Fortune II: Double Helix]]''<br>''[[Marvel: Ultimate Alliance]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 1997
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[RDI Video Systems]]
| [[Carlsbad, California|Carlsbad]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1982
| ''[[Dragon's Lair (1983 video game)|Dragon's Lair]]''
| Defunct in 1985
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ready at Dawn]]
| [[Irvine, California|Irvine]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2003
| ''[[Daxter (video game)|Daxter]]''<br>''[[The Order: 1886]]''<br>''[[Deformers]]''<br>''[[Lone Echo]]''
| Formed by former members of [[Naughty Dog]] and [[Blizzard Entertainment]]. Acquired by [[Facebook]] in 2020.<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-06-22-facebook-acquires-ready-at-dawn Facebook acquires Ready at Dawn]. GamesIndustry.biz. June 22, 2020.</ref> Closed in 2024.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Red Entertainment]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1976 (as the Red Company), 2000 (as Red Entertainment)
| ''[[Sakura Wars]]'' series<br>''[[Gungrave]]'' series
| Developer/publisher; acquired by {{interlanguage link|Oizumi Corporation|ja|オーイズミ}} in 2014
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Reality Pump Studios]]
| [[Kraków]]
|
| Poland
| 1995
| ''[[Two Worlds (video game)|Two Worlds]]'' series
| Division of [[TopWare Interactive]]
|-
| [[Realtime Associates]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1986
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Realtime Worlds]]
| [[Dundee]]
| [[Scotland]]
| United Kingdom
| 2002
| ''[[Crackdown (video game)|Crackdown]]''
|Closed in 2010
|-
| [[Rebel Wolves]]
| [[Warsaw]]
| 
| Poland
| 2022

|-
| [[Rebellion Developments]]
| [[Oxford]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1992
| ''[[List of Alien, Predator and Alien vs. Predator games|Aliens vs. Predator]]'' series<br>''[[Sniper Elite (series)|Sniper Elite]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Rebellion Warwick]]
| [[Leamington Spa]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2013
| ''[[SkySaga: Infinite Isles]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[Blitz Games Studios]]; acquired by [[Rebellion Developments]] in 2018
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[RedLynx]]
| [[Helsinki]]
|
| Finland
| 2000
| ''[[Trials (series)|Trials]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Ubisoft]]
|-
| [[Red Thread Games]]
| [[Oslo]]
|
| Norway
| 2012
| ''[[Dreamfall Chapters: The Longest Journey]]''
| Founded by former employees of [[Funcom]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Red Storm Entertainment]]
| [[Cary, North Carolina|Cary]]
|[[North Carolina]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon]]''<br>''[[Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six]]''<br>''[[Assassin's Creed Nexus VR]]''
| Acquired by [[Ubisoft]] in 2000
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Redtribe|RedTribe]] (Tribalant)
| [[Melbourne]]
|[[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
| Australia
| 2003
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Reflexive Entertainment]]
| [[Lake Forest, California|Lake Forest]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1997
| [[Airport Mania]] series
| Subsidiary of [[Amazon.com]]
|-
| [[Relic Entertainment]]
| [[Vancouver]]
| [[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 1997
| ''[[Company of Heroes]]'' series<br>''[[Warhammer 40000: Dawn of War]]'' series<br>''[[Homeworld]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Sega]] in 2013; became independent in 2024<ref>[https://www.gematsu.com/2024/03/sega-sells-relic-entertainment-lays-off-240-staff-across-european-studios SEGA sells Relic Entertainment, lays off 240 staff across European studios]. Gematsu. March 28, 2024</ref>
|-
| [[Remedy Entertainment]]
| [[Espoo]]
|
| Finland
| 1995
| ''[[Max Payne (series)|Max Payne]]'' series<br>''[[Alan Wake]]'' series<br>''[[Control (video game)|Control]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Respawn Entertainment]]
| [[Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2010
| ''[[Titanfall]]''<br>''[[Apex Legends]]''<br>''[[Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order]]''
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 2017.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Reto-Moto]]
| [[Copenhagen]]
|
| Denmark
| 2008
| ''[[Heroes & Generals]]''
| The business was acquired by [[TLM Partners]] in 2022<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/tlm-partners-acquires-heroes-and-generals-business-operations TLM Partners acquires Heroes & Generals business operations]. GamesIndustry.biz. February 4, 2022</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Retro Studios]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Metroid Prime (series)|Metroid Prime]]'' series<br>''[[Donkey Kong Country (series)|Donkey Kong Country]]'' series
| First-party developer and subsidiary of [[Nintendo]]
|-
| [[Revolution Software]]
| [[York]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1990
| ''[[Broken Sword]]'' series<br>''[[Beneath a Steel Sky]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Riot Games]]
| [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2006
| ''[[League of Legends]]''
''[[Legends of Runeterra]]''

''[[Valorant]]''
| Acquired by [[Tencent]] in 2011
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Rising Star Games]]
| [[Luton]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2004
|
| Acquired by [[Thunderful]] in 2018
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Robomodo]]
| [[Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 2008
| ''[[Tony Hawk's Pro Skater HD]]''<br>''[[Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 5]]''
| Defunct in 2016
|-
| [[Robot Entertainment]]
| [[Plano, Texas|Plano]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 2009
| ''[[Orcs Must Die!]]'' series<br>''[[Hero Academy]]'' series<br>''[[Age of Empires Online]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Rockstar Games]]<br>[[Rockstar India]]<br>[[Rockstar Leeds]]<br>[[Rockstar Lincoln]]<br>[[Rockstar London]]<br>[[Rockstar New England]]<br>[[Rockstar North]]<br>[[Rockstar San Diego]]<br>[[Rockstar Toronto]]
| [[New York City]]<br>[[Bangalore]]<br>[[Leeds]]<br>[[Lincoln, England|Lincoln]]<br>[[London]]<br>[[Ballardvale]]<br>[[Edinburgh]]<br>[[Carlsbad, California|Carlsbad]]<br>[[Oakville, Ontario|Oakville]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]<br />[[Karnataka]]<br />[[England]]<br />[[Scotland]]<br />[[Massachusetts]]<br />[[California]]<br />[[Ontario]]
| United States<br>India<br>United Kingdom<br>Canada
| 1998<br>2016<br>2004<br>2002<br>2005<br>2008<br>2002<br>2002<br>1999
| ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' franchise<br>''Manhunt'' series<br>''[[Midnight Club]]'' series<br>''[[Red Dead]]'' series<br>''[[Bully (video game)|Bully]]''
| Developer/publisher; owned by [[Take-Two Interactive]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Rockstar Dundee]]
| [[Dundee]]
| [[Scotland]]
| United Kingdom
| 2008
| ''[[Crackdown 2]]''
| Acquired by [[Take-Two Interactive]] in 2020
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Rocksteady Studios]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2005
| ''[[Batman: Arkham]]'' series<br>''[[Suicide Squad: Kill the Justice League]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment]]
|-
| [[Robinson Technologies]]
| [[Hiroshima]]
|
| Japan
| 1989
| ''[[Dink Smallwood]]''
|
|-
| [[Romero Games]]
| [[Galway]]
|
| Ireland
| 2015
| ''[[Empire of Sin (video game)|Empire of Sin]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Rovio Entertainment]]
| [[Espoo]]
|
| Finland
| 2003
| ''[[Angry Birds]]'' franchise<br>''[[Sonic Rumble]]''
| Publisher, developer and distributor; acquired by [[Sega]] in 2023
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Runic Games]]
| [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2008
| ''[[Torchlight]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Perfect World (company)|Perfect World]]; closed in 2017
|-
| [[Running with Scissors (company)|Running with Scissors]]
| [[Tucson, Arizona|Tucson]]
| [[Arizona]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[Postal (video game series)|Postal]]'' series
|
|- id="S" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Saber Interactive]]
| [[Millburn, New Jersey|Millburn]]
| [[New Jersey]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[World War Z (2019 video game)|World War Z]]''
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2020<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-02-19-embracer-group-acquires-saber-interactive-in-usd525m-deal Embracer Group acquires Saber Interactive in $525m deal]. GamesIndustry.biz. February 19, 2020.</ref> and acquired by Beacon Interactive in 2024
|-
| [[Sandlot (company)|Sandlot]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2001
| ''[[Robot Alchemic Drive]]''<br>''[[Earth Defense Force]]'' series<br>''[[Zangeki no Reginleiv]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[Human Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Sanzaru Games]]
| [[Foster City, California|Foster City]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2006
| ''[[Sly Cooper: Thieves in Time]]''<br>''[[Sonic Boom: Shattered Crystal]]''<br>''[[Sonic Boom: Fire & Ice]]''<br>''[[Asgard's Wrath]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Facebook]] in 2020.<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-02-25-facebook-acquires-sanzaru-games Facebook acquires Sanzaru Games]. GamesIndustry.biz. February 25, 2020.</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Sir-Tech]]
| [[Ogdensburg, New York|Ogdensburg]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States<br>Canada
| 1979
| ''[[Wizardry (video game series)|Wizardry]]'' series<br>''[[Jagged Alliance (series)|Jagged Alliance]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Schell Games]]
| [[Pittsburgh]]
| [[Pennsylvania]]
| United States
| 2002
| ''[[I Expect You to Die]]'' series
| Developer and publisher
|-
| [[SCS Software]]
| [[Prague]]
|
| Czech Republic
| 1997
| ''[[18 Wheels of Steel]]'' series<br>''[[Truck Simulator]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Sega]]
| [[Ota, Tokyo|Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1960
|''[[Sonic the Hedgehog]]'' franchise<br>''[[Crazy Taxi]]'' series<br>''[[Golden Axe (series)|Golden Axe]]'' series''<br>[[Streets of Rage]]'' series<br>''[[The House of the Dead (series)|The House of the Dead]]'' series<br>''[[Super Monkey Ball]]'' series<br>''[[Puyo Puyo]]'' series<br>''[[Jet Set Radio]]'' series<br>[[Phantasy Star (series)|''Phantasy Star'']] series<br>''[[Panzer Dragoon]]'' series<br>''[[Fantasy Zone]]'' series<br>''[[Let's Make a Soccer Team!]]'' series<br>''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games (series)|Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games]]'' series<br>''[[Shenmue (series)|Shenmue]]'' series''<br>[[Sakura Wars]]'' series''<br>[[Yakuza (series)|Yakuza]]'' franchise<br>''[[Valkyria Chronicles]]'' series<br>[[Mushiking: The King of Beetles|''Mushiking'']] series<br>''[[Border Break]]'' series<br>''[[Shinobi (series)|Shinobi]]'' series<br>''[[Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA]]'' series<br>''[[Virtua Fighter]]'' series<br>''[[Virtua Tennis]]'' series<br>''[[World Club Champion Football]]'' series<br>''[[Samba de Amigo]]'' series
| Third-party (Formerly first-party) developer, publisher, and former console manufacturer; subsidiary of [[Sega Sammy Holdings]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Sensible Software]]
| [[Cambridge]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1986
| ''[[Sensible Soccer (series)|Sensible Soccer]]'' series<br>''[[Cannon Fodder (series)|Cannon Fodder]]'' series<br>''[[Mega Lo Mania]]''<br>''[[Wizball]]''<br>''[[Wizkid (video game)|Wizkid]]''<br>''[[Microprose Soccer]]''<br>''[[Shoot-'Em-Up Construction Kit]]''<br>''[[Parallax (video game)|Parallax]]''<br>''[[Sensible Golf]]''
|Developer, studio closed and company acquired by [[Codemasters]] in 1999
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[San Diego Studio]]
| [[San Diego]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[MLB: The Show]]'' series
|Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Santa Monica Studio]]
| [[Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1999
| ''[[God of War (franchise)|God of War]]'' series
| Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]] 
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Studio Liverpool]]
| [[Liverpool]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1984
| ''[[Wipeout (1995 video game series)|Wipeout]]'' series<br>''[[Formula One (video game series)|Formula One]]'' series<br>''[[Colony Wars (series)|Colony Wars]]'' series
| Former Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]]; shut down by Sony on August 22, 2012
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Shaba Games]]
| [[San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[Tony Hawk's Underground 2: Remix]]''<br>''[[Spider-Man: Web of Shadows]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2002; defunct in 2009
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[SingleTrac]]
| [[Salt Lake City]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Twisted Metal]]'' 1–2<br>''[[Jet Moto]]'' 1–2<br>''[[Warhawk (1995 video game)|Warhawk (1995)]]''
| Defunct in 2000
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Shengqu Games]]
| [[Shanghai]]
|
| China
| 1999
|
| Acquired by Zhejiang Century Huatong in 2017
|-
| [[Sherman3D]]
| [[Petaling Jaya]]
|
| Malaysia
| 2003
| ''[[Alpha Kimori]]''
|
|-
| [[Shift Up]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 2013 
| ''[[Stellar Blade]]''
|
|-
| [[Shiro Games]]
| [[Bordeaux]]
|
| France
| 2012 
| ''[[Dune: Spice Wars]]''
|
|-
| [[Shin'en Multimedia]]
| [[Munich]]
|
| Germany
| 1999
| ''[[Fast Racing League]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Sierra Entertainment]]
| [[Oakhurst, California|Oakhurst]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1979
| ''[[Mystery House]]''<br>''[[King's Quest]]'' series<br>''[[Space Quest]]'' series<br>''[[Police Quest]]'' series<br>''[[Leisure Suit Larry]]'' series<br>''[[Quest for Glory]]'' series<br>''[[Gabriel Knight]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Activision]]; internal development ceased in 1999; closed in 2004
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Silicon Knights]]
| [[St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines]]
|[[Ontario]]
| Canada
| 1992
| ''[[Blood Omen: Legacy of Kain]]''<br>''[[Eternal Darkness: Sanity's Requiem]]''<br>''[[Too Human]]''
|Closed in 2014
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Silicon Studio]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2000
| ''[[Bravely Default]]'' series
| They still develop game middlewares but their game contents division was sold to ''CREEK & RIVER''.<ref>[https://gamebiz.jp/?p=213439 シリコンスタジオ、コンテンツ事業を会社分割してC&R社に譲渡へ...新設会社スタジオリボルバーの株式の90%を譲渡 譲渡価額は概算で1億3700万円]. {{in lang|ja}} Social Game Info. June 18, 2018.</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Simtex]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1988
| ''[[Master of Orion]]'' series<br>''[[Master of Magic]]''
|Closed in 1997
|-
| [[skip Ltd.]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2000
| ''[[bit Generations]]'' series<br>''[[Chibi-Robo!]]'' series
| Formed by former employees of [[Love-de-Lic]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[SkyBox Labs]]
| [[Burnaby]]
| [[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 2011
| ''[[Kinect Nat Geo TV]]''<br>''[[Project Spark]]''
| Acquired by [[NetEase]] Games in 2023.
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Slant Six Games]]
| [[Vancouver]]
| [[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 2005
| ''[[SOCOM U.S. Navy SEALs]]'' series<br>''[[Resident Evil: Operation Raccoon City]]''
| Defunct in 2013
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Sledgehammer Games]]
| [[Foster City, California|Foster City]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2009
| ''[[Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare]]''<br>co-developer of ''[[Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Activision]]
|-
| [[Snail (company)|Snail]]
| [[Suzhou, Jiangsu|Suzhou]]
|
| China
| 2000
| ''[[Voyage Century Online]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Snapshot Games]]
| [[Sofia]]
|
| Bulgaria
| 2013
| ''[[Chaos Reborn]]''<br>''[[Phoenix Point]]''
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2020.<ref name="embracer-nov2020" />
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Slightly Mad Studios]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2008
| ''[[Project CARS]]'' series<br>''[[Test Drive: Ferrari Racing Legends]]''
| Acquired by [[Codemasters]] in 2019<ref>[http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2019-11-28-codemasters-buys-slightly-mad-studios-for-usd30m Codemasters buys Slightly Mad Studios for $30m], GamesIndustry.biz, 28 November 2019</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Slipgate Ironworks]]
| [[Aars]]
|
| Denmark
| 2017
| ''[[Rad Rodgers]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[Interceptor Entertainment]]; acquired by [[Saber Interactive]] in 2021
|-
| [[Slitherine Software]]
| [[Epsom]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2000
| ''[[Horrible Histories: Ruthless Romans (video game)|Horrible Histories: Ruthless Romans]]''
|
|-
| [[Smilegate]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 2002
| ''[[Crossfire (series)|Crossfire]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Smoking Gun Interactive]]
| [[Vancouver]]
|
| Canada
| 2007
| ''[[Age of Empires: Castle Siege]]''<br>''[[Microsoft Solitaire Collection]]''
| Acquired by [[Keywords Studios]] in 2022
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[SNK]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 2001
| ''[[Fatal Fury (series)|Fatal Fury]]'' series<br>''[[The King of Fighters]]'' series<br>''[[Metal Slug (series)|Metal Slug]]'' series<br>''[[Samurai Showdown]]'' series<br>''[[The Last Blade]]'' series<br>''[[World Heroes]]'' series
| Acquired by [[37Games]] in 2015; game hardware and software developer/publisher/manufacture
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Sobee|Sobee Studios]]
| [[Istanbul]]
|
| Turkey
| 2000
| ''[[I Can Football]]''<br>''[[Süpercan]]''
| Merged into [[TTNET]]; closed in 2013
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Snowblind Studios]]
| [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[Top Gear Overdrive]]''<br>''[[Champions of Norrath]]''
| Subsidiary of Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment; defunct in 2012
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Software 2000]]
| [[Eutin]]
|
| Germany
| 1987
| ''[[Pizza Tycoon]]'' series
|Closed in 2002
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]]
|[[Tokyo]] (SIE, Inc.)
[[San Mateo, California|San Mateo]] (SIE, LLC)
|[[Japan]] (SIE, Inc.)
[[California]] (SIE, LLC)
| United States
| 1994
|Various titles
| First-party developer, publisher and console manufacturer
|-
| [[Sora Ltd.]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2005
| ''[[Kid Icarus: Uprising]]''<br>''[[Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U]]''<br>''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]''<br>''[[Kirby Air Riders]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Spellbound Entertainment]]
| [[Offenburg]]
|
| Germany
| 1994
| ''[[Desperados (video game series)|Desperados]]'' series<br>''[[Arcania: Gothic 4]]''
|Closed in 2012
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Spiders (company)|Spiders]]
| [[Paris]]
|
| France
| 2008
| ''[[The Technomancer]]''<br>''[[GreedFall]]'' series
| Acquired by Bigben Interactive (latterly [[Nacon]]) in 2019<ref>[https://gematsu.com/2019/07/bigben-interactive-acquires-spiders-games Bigben Interactive acquires Spiders Games]. Gematsu. July 25, 2019.</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Spike (company)|Spike]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1991
| ''[[Dragon Ball Z: Budokai Tenkaichi]]'' series
| Merged with [[Chunsoft]] to become [[Spike Chunsoft]] in 2012
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Spike Chunsoft]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2012
| ''[[Zero Escape]]'' series<br>''[[Danganronpa]]'' franchise<br>''[[AI: The Somnium Files]]'' series<br>''[[Mystery Dungeon]]'' franchise
* ''[[Pokémon Mystery Dungeon]]'' series
''[[Jump Force]]''
| The result of a merger between [[Spike (company)|Spike]] and [[Chunsoft]] and is owned by [[Dwango (company)|Dwango]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Spil Games]]
| [[Hilversum]]
|
| Netherlands
| 2001
|
| Web game developer/publisher. Acquired by Azerion.<ref>[https://venturebeat.com/2019/06/20/azerion-buys-mobile-game-division-of-spil-games/ Azerion buys Spil Games' mobile game division]. VentureBeat. June 20, 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-02-12-azerion-acquires-remainder-of-spil-games Azerion acquires remainder of Spil Games]. GamesIndustry.biz. February 12, 2020.</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Splash Damage]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2001
| ''[[Enemy Territory: Quake Wars]]''<br>''[[Brink (video game)|Brink]]''<br>''[[Dirty Bomb (video game)|Dirty Bomb]]''
| Acquired by [[Leyou]] in 2016 and then Leyou was acquired by [[Tencent]] in 2020
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Sports Interactive]]
| [[London]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1994
| ''[[Championship Manager]]'' series<br>''[[Football Manager]]'' series<br>''[[Eastside Hockey Manager]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Sega]] in 2006
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Sproing Interactive Media]]
| [[Vienna]]
|
| Austria
| 2001
| ''[[Cursed Mountain]]''
| Defunct in 2017; their assets were acquired by [[Purple Lamp Studios]]
|-
| [[Square Enix]]
|[[Shinjuku, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1975
| ''[[Final Fantasy series|Final Fantasy]]'' franchise<br>''[[Mana (series)|Mana]]'' series<br>''[[SaGa]]'' series<br>''[[Chrono Trigger]]''<br>''[[Brave Fencer Musashi]]''<br>''[[Star Ocean]]'' franchise<br>''[[Valkyrie Profile (series)|Valkyrie Profile]]'' series<br>''[[Kingdom Hearts series|Kingdom Hearts]]'' franchise<br>''[[Dragon Quest (series)|Dragon Quest]]'' franchise<br>''[[Drakengard (series)|Drakengard]]'' series
*''[[Nier (video game)|Nier]]'' series

''[[Bravely Default]]'' series<br>''[[Octopath Traveler]]''<br>''[[Front Mission]]'' series
| Developer/publisher; previously known as [[Square (video game company)|Square Co.]] and [[Enix]]
|-
| [[Squad (company)|Squad]]
| [[Mexico City]]
|
| Mexico
| 2009
| ''[[Kerbal Space Program]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Stainless Games]]
| [[Newport, Isle of Wight|Newport]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1993
| ''[[Magic: The Gathering – Duels of the Planeswalkers]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Stainless Steel Studios]]
| [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Empire Earth]]''
|Closed in 2005
|-
| [[Starbreeze Studios]]
| [[Uppsala]]
|
| Sweden
| 1998
| ''[[Enclave (video game)|Enclave]]''<br>''[[The Chronicles Of Riddick: Escape From Butcher Bay|Riddick]]''<br>[[Syndicate (2012 video game)|Syndicate]]''<br>[[Brothers: A Tale of Two Sons]] ''<br>''[[Payday 3]]''
|
|-
| [[Stardock]]
| [[Plymouth, Michigan|Plymouth]]
| [[Michigan]]
| United States
| 1991
| ''[[Galactic Civilizations]]'' series
| Developer/publisher
|-
| [[Sting Entertainment]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1989
| ''[[Baroque (video game)|Baroque]]'' series<br>''[[To Heart 2: Dungeon Travelers|Dungeon Travelers]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Strategic Simulations]]
| [[Sunnyvale, California|Sunnyvale]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1979
| ''[[Gold Box]]'' series<br>''[[Panzer General]]'' series
|Closed in 1994
|-
| [[Stoic Studio]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 2011
| ''[[The Banner Saga]]'' series
| Founded by former employees of [[BioWare]]
|-
| [[Strawdog Studios]]
| [[Derby]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2003
| ''[[Geon: Emotions|Geon]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Straylight Studios]]
| [[Dunedin]]
|
| New Zealand
| 2004
|
|Closed in 2009
|-
| [[Streamline Studios]]
| [[Kuala Lumpur]]
|
| Malaysia
| 2001
|
|
|-
| [[Success (company)|Success]]
|[[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1978
| ''[[Cotton (series)|Cotton]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Sucker Punch Productions]]
| [[Bellevue, Washington|Bellevue]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1997
| ''[[Rocket: Robot on Wheels]]''<br>''[[Sly Cooper]]'' series<br>''[[Infamous (series)|Infamous]]'' series<br>''[[Ghost of Tsushima|Ghost]]'' series
| Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]] since 2011
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Sumo Digital]]
| [[Sheffield]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2003
| ''[[LittleBigPlanet 3]]''<br>''[[Crackdown 3]]''<br>''[[Sonic & All-Stars Racing Transformed]]''<br>''[[Team Sonic Racing]]''<br>''[[Gears of War: Ultimate Edition#Gears of War: Reloaded|Gears of War: Reloaded]]''
| Subsidiary of Sumo Group
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Sunsoft]]
|[[Kōnan, Aichi|Kōnan]]
| [[Aichi Prefecture|Aichi]]
|Japan
|1978
| ''[[Gimmick!]]'' series<br>''[[Ufouria: The Saga]]'' series<br>''[[Blaster Master (video game)|Blaster Master]]''
|Developer and publisher. Division of Sun Corporation.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Supercell (video game company)|Supercell]]
| [[Helsinki]]
|
| Finland
| 2010
| ''[[Clash of Clans]]''<br>''[[Hay Day]]''<br>''[[Boom Beach]]''<br>''[[Clash Royale]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Tencent]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Supermassive Games]]
| [[Guildford]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2008
| ''[[Until Dawn]]'' series<br>''[[The Dark Pictures Anthology]]'' series<br>''[[Start the Party!]]'' series<br>''[[Doctor Who: The Eternity Clock]]''<br>''[[Little Nightmares III]]''
| Acquired by [[Nordisk Film#Nordisk Games|Nordisk Games]], a subsidiary of [[Nordisk Film]], in 2022
|-
| [[Supergiant Games]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2009
| ''[[Hades]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[SuperVillain Studios]]
| [[Orange County, California|Orange County]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2004
| ''[[Order Up!]]''
| acquired by [[Nicalis]] in 2017
|-
| [[Survios]]
| [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2013
|
|
|-
| [[Studio Wildcard]]
| [[Kirkland, Washington|Kirkland]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2014
| ''[[Ark: Survival Evolved|Ark]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Swordfish Studios]]
| [[Birmingham]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2002
| ''[[Brian Lara International Cricket 2005]]''
| Acquired by [[Vivendi Games]] in 2005 and then acquired by [[Codemasters]] in 2008; defunct in 2010
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Swingin' Ape Studios]]
| [[Aliso Viejo, California|Aliso Viejo]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2000
| ''[[Metal Arms: Glitch in the System]]''
| Acquired by [[Blizzard Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[StormRegion]]
| [[Budapest]]
|
| Hungary
| 2001
| ''[[S.W.I.N.E.]]''<br>''[[Codename: Panzers]]'' series
| Acquired by 10tacle Studios AG in 2007 and then defunct in 2008
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Sunstorm Interactive]]
| [[Indianapolis]]
| [[Indiana]]
| United States
| 1995
| ''[[Deer Hunter (series)|Deer Hunter]]'' series
| Defunct in 2003
|-
| [[Syn Sophia]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1995
| ''[[WCW/nWo Revenge]]''<br>''[[SimCity DS]]'' series<br>''[[Style Savvy]]'' series<br>''Pretty Series'' franchise
* ''[[Pretty Rhythm]]'' series
* ''[[PriPara]]'' series
* ''[[Kiratto Pri Chan|Pri Chan]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[SystemSoft Alpha|SystemSoft Beta]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1999
| ''[[Daisenryaku]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Nippon Ichi Software]], successor of [[SystemSoft Alpha]]<ref>[https://www.gematsu.com/2020/01/nippon-ichi-software-establishes-systemsoft-beta-to-succeed-systemsoft-alpha-game-division Nippon Ichi Software establishes SystemSoft Beta to succeed SystemSoft Alpha game division]. Gematsu. January 6, 2020</ref>
|- id="T" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Taito]]
|[[Shinjuku, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1953 
| ''[[Space Invaders]]''<br>''[[Bubble Bobble]]'' series
| Developer/publisher; acquired by [[Square Enix]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Tango Gameworks]]
| [[Minato, Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2010
| ''[[The Evil Within]]'' series<br>''[[Ghostwire: Tokyo]]''<br>''[[Hi-Fi Rush]]''
| Acquired by [[ZeniMax Media]] in 2010, and founded by [[Shinji Mikami]]. Defunct in May 2024. Acquired and revived in August 2024 by [[Krafton]].
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Tag Games]]
| [[Dundee]]
| [[Scotland]]
| United Kingdom
| 2006
|
| Acquired by [[Scopely]] in 2023<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/scopely-acquires-tag-games Scopely acquires Tag Games]. GamesIndustry.biz. June 29, 2023</ref>
|-
| [[TaleWorlds Entertainment]]
| [[Ankara]]
|
| Turkey
| 2005
| ''[[Mount & Blade (series)|Mount & Blade]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Tamsoft]]
| [[Asakusa, Tokyo|Asakusa]]
|
| Japan
| 1992
| ''[[Battle Arena Toshinden|Toshinden]]'' series<br>''[[Onechanbara]]'' series<br>''[[Senran Kagura]]'' series<br>''[[Captain Tsubasa: Rise of New Champions]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[T&E Soft]]
| 
| [[Aichi Prefecture|Aichi]]
| Japan
| 1982
| ''[[Hydlide]]'' series
| Merged into Spike Chunsoft in 2013, and rights to the games sold to [[D4 Enterprise]] in 2019.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Tantalus Media]]
| [[Melbourne]]
|[[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
| Australia
| 1994
|
| mostly acquired by [[Keywords Studios]] in 2021
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Tarsier Studios]]
| [[Malmö]] 
|
| Sweden
| 2004
| ''[[Little Nightmares]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2019.<ref>[http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2019-12-20-embracer-group-acquires-little-nightmares-dev-tarsier-studios-for-usd10-5m Embracer Group acquires Little Nightmares dev Tarsier Studios for $10.5m]. GamesIndustry.biz. December 20, 2019.</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Tate Multimedia]]
| [[Warsaw]]
|
| Poland
| 2002
| ''[[Kao the Kangaroo]]'' series<br>''[[Urban Trial Freestyle]]''
| The company still exists, but they became a third-party publisher.<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/tate-multimedia-shifts-into-a-third-party-game-publisher Tate Multimedia shifts into a third-party game publisher]. GamesIndustry.biz. July 7, 2022.</ref>
|-
| [[Team17]]
| [[Ossett, West Yorkshire|Ossett]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1990
| ''[[Alien Breed]]'' series<br>''[[Worms (series)|Worms]]'' series<br>''[[The Escapists]]'' series<br>''[[Overcooked]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Team Asobi]]
| Tokyo
| 
| Japan
| 2012 (as division of [[Japan Studio]])<br>2021 (as Team Asobi)
| ''[[Astro Bot (series)|Astro Bot]]'' series
| Division of [[SIE Worldwide Studios]] 
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Team Bondi]]
| [[Sydney]]
|[[New South Wales]]
| Australia
| 2003
| ''[[L.A. Noire]]''
|Closed in 2011
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Team Ico]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1997
|''[[Ico]]''<br>''[[Shadow of the Colossus]]''
| Division of [[Japan Studio]]; Their staffs moved to {{interlanguage link|genDESIGN|ja|ジェンデザイン}}
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Team Ninja]]
|[[Tokyo]]
|
|Japan
|1995
|''[[Ninja Gaiden (series)|Ninja Gaiden]]'' series<br>''[[Dead or Alive (series)|Dead or Alive]]'' franchise<br>''[[Nioh]]'' series<br>''[[Marvel Ultimate Alliance 3: The Black Order|Marvel Ultimate Alliance 3]]''
|Division of [[Koei|Koei Tecmo Games]]; formerly a division of [[Tecmo]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Techland]]
| Wrocław, Warszawa
|
| Poland
| 1991
| ''[[Chrome (video game)|Chrome]]'' series<br>''[[Call of Juarez]]'' series<br>''[[Dead Island (series)|Dead Island]]'' series<br>''[[Dying Light]]'' series
| Developer/publisher; mostly acquired by [[Tencent]]<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/tencent-to-become-majority-shareholder-of-techland Tencent to become majority shareholder of Techland]. GamesIndustry.biz. July 24, 2023</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Tecmo]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1967
| ''[[Ninja Gaiden]]'' series<br>''[[Dead or Alive (franchise)|Dead or Alive]]'' franchise<br>''[[Monster Rancher]]'' series<br>''[[Gallop Racer]]'' series<br>''[[Fatal Frame]]'' series
| Tecmo and Koei co-founded [[Koei Tecmo|Koei Tecmo Holdings]] in 2009 and Tecmo was merged into [[Koei|Koei Tecmo Games]] in 2010
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Telltale Games]]
| [[San Rafael, California|San Rafael]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2004
| ''[[Sam & Max Save the World|Sam & Max]]'' episodic series<br>''[[The Walking Dead (video game)|The Walking Dead]]'' series<br>''[[The Wolf Among Us]]''<br>''[[Tales from the Borderlands]]''<br>''[[Game of Thrones (2014 video game)|Game of Thrones]]''<br>''[[Minecraft: Story Mode]]''
| Founded by former employees of [[LucasArts]], defunct in 2018; their assets were acquired by [[LCG Entertainment]]
|-
| [[Tencent Holdings|Tencent]]
| [[Shenzhen]]
|
| China
| 1998
|
| Developer, publisher, online services company
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Tencent Games]]
| [[Shenzhen]]
|
| China
| 2003
| ''[[Ring of Elysium]]''<br>''{{ill|Arena Breakout: Infinite|zh|暗区突围}}''
| Division of [[Tencent|Tencent Interactive Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Tequila Works]]
| [[Madrid]]
|
| Spain
| 2009
| ''[[Deadlight (video game)|Deadlight]]''
|Defunct in November 12, 2024
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Terminal Reality]]
| [[Lewisville, Texas|Lewisville]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Monster Truck Madness]]'' series
|Closed in 2013
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Tetris Online, Inc.|Tetris Online]]
| [[Honolulu]]
| [[Hawaii]]
| United States
| 2006
| ''[[Tetris Friends]]''
|Closed in 2019
|-
| [[Teyon]]
| [[Kraków]]
|
| Poland
| 2006
| ''[[Heavy Fire]]'' series
|
|-
| [[Thatgamecompany]]
| [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2006
| ''[[Journey (2012 video game)|Journey]]''<br>''[[Sky (video game)|Sky]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[The Chinese Room]]
| [[Brighton]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2007
| ''[[Amnesia: A Machine For Pigs]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Sumo Digital]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[The Coalition (company)|The Coalition]]
| [[Vancouver]]
|
| Canada
| 2010
| ''[[Gears of War]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Microsoft Studios]]
|-
| [[The Farm 51]]
| [[Gliwice]]
|
| Poland
| 2005
| ''[[Get Even (video game)|Get Even]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Perfect Dark (cancelled video game)#Development|The Initiative]]
| [[Santa Monica]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2018
| [[Perfect Dark (cancelled video game)|Perfect Dark (cancelled)]]
| Subsidiary of [[Microsoft Studios]]; closed in 2025
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[THQ]]
| [[Agoura Hills, California|Agoura Hills]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1989
|
| Developer/publisher; defunct in 2013; their assets were acquired by Nordic Games, [[505 Games]], or [[Gearbox Software]]<ref>[https://www.engadget.com/2013/04/22/thq-auction-darksiders-red-faction-homeworld/ THQ auction results: Nordic Games takes Darksiders, Red Faction; 505 Games is Drawn to Life], Engadget, April 22, 2013</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[THQ Nordic]]
| [[Vienna]]
|
| Austria
| 2011
| ''[[SpellForce 3]]''
| Developer/publisher; subsidiary of [[Embracer Group]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Three Rings Design]]
| [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[Doctor Who: Worlds in Time]]''
|
|-
| [[Tilted Mill Entertainment]]
| [[Winchester]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 2002
| ''[[SimCity Societies]]'' series<br>''[[Hinterland (video game)|Hinterland]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[TimeGate Studios]]
| [[Sugar Land, Texas|Sugar Land]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Kohan: Immortal Sovereigns|Kohan]]'' series<br>''[[Section 8 (video game)|Section 8]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[TiMi Studios]]
| [[Shenzhen]]
|
| China
| 2008
| ''[[Call of Duty: Mobile]]''<br>''[[Pokémon Unite]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Tencent|Tencent Games]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Toaplan]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1984
| ''[[Snow Bros]].''
| Developer of arcade games; went bankrupt and closed in 1994
|-
|[[Toby Fox]]
|
|
|United States
|2015
|''[[Undertale]]''<br>''[[Deltarune]]''
|
|-
|[[Toca Boca]]
|[[Stockholm]]
|
|Sweden
|2010
|''Toca Life'' series
|Subsidiary of [[Spin Master]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[ToeJam & Earl Productions]]
| [[San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1989 (as Johnson Voorsanger Productions)
| ''[[ToeJam & Earl]]'' series
| Founded by [[Mark Voorsanger]] and [[Greg Johnson (game designer)|Greg Johnson]]; became defunct in 2003
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Tokyo RPG Factory]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 2014
| ''[[I Am Setsuna]]''<br>''[[Lost Sphear]]''<br>''[[Oninaki]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Square Enix]]; closed in 2024<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/square-enix-dissolves-tokyo-rpg-factory Square Enix dissolves Tokyo RPG Factory]. GamesIndustry.biz. January 31, 2024</ref>
|-
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
|[[The Software Toolworks|Toolworks]]
|[[Novato, California|Novato]]
|[[California]]
|United States
|1980
|''[[Chessmaster 2000]]<br>[[Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing]]<br>[[Mario Is Missing!]]''
|Acquired by [[Pearson plc]]
|-
| [[TopWare Interactive]]
| [[Karlsruhe]]
|
| Germany
| 1995
|
| Publisher (developing in [[Reality Pump Studios]] division)
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Torpex Games]]
| [[Bellevue, Washington|Bellevue]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2005
| ''[[Schizoid (video game)|Schizoid]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Torus Games]]
| [[Bayswater, Victoria|Bayswater]]
|[[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
| Australia
| 1994
| ''[[Scooby-Doo! First Frights]]''<br>''[[Scooby-Doo! and the Spooky Swamp]]''<br>''[[Shrek Smash n' Crash Racing]]''<br>''[[Monster Jam (video game)|Monster Jam]]'' series
| effectively closed in 2024.<ref>[https://press-start.com.au/news/2024/03/04/melbournes-iconic-torus-games-is-ending-development-after-nearly-30-years/ Melbourne’s Iconic Torus Games Is Ending Development After Nearly 30 Years]. Press Start. March 3, 2024.</ref>
|-
| [[Tose (company)|Tose]]
| [[Kyoto]]
|
| Japan
| 1979
| ''[[The Legendary Starfy]]'' series<br>''[[Dragon Quest Monsters]]'' series<br>''[[Slime (series)|Slime]]'' series<br>''[[World of Final Fantasy]]''<br>''[[Super Princess Peach]]''
|
|- 
| [[Toys for Bob]]
| [[Novato, California|Novato]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1989
| ''[[Skylanders]]'' series<br>''[[Crash Bandicoot 4: It's About Time|Crash Bandicoot 4]]''<br>''[[Spyro Reignited Trilogy]]''
| Former subsidiary of [[Activision]]; became independent in 2024
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Trapdoor (company)|Trapdoor]]
| [[Montreal]]
|[[Quebec]]
| Canada
| 2010
| ''[[Warp (2012 video game)|Warp]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Transmission Games]]
| [[Melbourne]]
|[[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
| Australia
| 1996
| ''[[Heroes of the Pacific]]''<br>''[[Heroes Over Europe]]''
| Closed in 2009
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Traveller's Tales]]
| [[Knutsford]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1990
| ''[[List of Lego video games|Lego]]'' series<br>''[[Crash Bandicoot: The Wrath of Cortex]]''
| Subsidiary of [[TT Games]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Treyarch]]
| [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[Call of Duty]]'' series<br>''[[Spider-Man (2002 video game)|Spider-Man (2002)]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2001.
|-
| [[Treasure (company)|Treasure]] 
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1992
|''[[Gunstar Heroes]]''<br>''[[Dynamite Headdy]]''<br>''[[Guardian Heroes]]''<br>''[[Alien Soldier]]''<br>''[[Bangai-O]]''<br>''[[Ikaruga]]''<br>''[[Sin and Punishment]]'' series<br>''[[Gaist Crusher]]''
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[tri-Ace]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1995
| ''[[Star Ocean]]'' franchise<br>''[[Valkyrie Profile (series)|Valkyrie Profile]]'' series
|Acquired by Nepro Japan (currently {{interlanguage link|NJ Holdings|ja|エヌジェイホールディングス}}) in 2015
|-
| [[tri-Crescendo]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1999
| ''[[Digimon World Re:Digitize]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Trion Worlds]]
| [[Redwood City]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2006
| ''[[Rift (video game)|Rift]]''
| Defunct in 2018; their assets were acquired by {{interlanguage link|Gamigo|de|Gamigo}}<ref>[https://www.finanznachrichten.de/nachrichten-2018-10/45070748-dgap-adhoc-gamigo-ag-uebernahme-des-spiele-unternehmens-trion-worlds-zur-weiteren-staerkung-ihrer-marktposition-im-spielemarkt-deutsch-016.htm DGAP-Adhoc: gamigo AG: Übernahme des Spiele Unternehmens Trion Worlds zur weiteren Stärkung ihrer Marktposition im Spielemarkt.] {{in lang|de}}, {{interlanguage link|Finanznachrichten.de|de|Finanznachrichten.de}}, October 22, 2018</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Tripwire Interactive]]
| [[Roswell, Georgia|Roswell]]
| [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]
| United States
| 2005
| ''[[Killing Floor (video game)|Killing Floor]]'' series<br>''[[Red Orchestra: Ostfront 41-45]]''
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2022
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Triumph Studios]]
| [[Delft]]
|
| Netherlands
| 1997
| ''[[Age of Wonders]]'' series<br>''[[Overlord (2007 video game)|Overlord]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Paradox Interactive]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Turn 10 Studios]]
| [[Redmond, Washington|Redmond]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[Forza Motorsport (series)|Forza Motorsport]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[Microsoft Studios]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Turtle Rock Studios]]
| [[Lake Forest, California|Lake Forest]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2002
| ''[[Left 4 Dead (series)|Left 4 Dead]]'' series<br>''[[Evolve (video game)|Evolve]]''
| Acquired by [[Tencent]] in 2021
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Two Point Studios]]
| [[Farnham, Surrey]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2016
| ''[[Two Point Hospital|Two Point]]'' series
| Formed by former employees of [[Lionhead Studios]]; acquired by [[Sega]] in 2019
|-
| [[Two Tribes (company)|Two Tribes]]
| [[Amersfoort]]
|
| Netherlands
| 2000
| ''[[Toki Tori]]'' series
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Typhoon Games|Typhoon Games (HK)]]
| [[Hong Kong|Hong Kong SAR]]
|
| China
| 2001
|
| Subsidiary of Typhoon Entertainment (Asia)
|- id="U"
| [[Ubisoft]]
| [[Montreuil-sous-Bois]]
|
| France
| 1986
| ''[[Rayman]]'' series<br>''[[Assassin's Creed]]'' series<br>''[[Just Dance (video game series)|Just Dance]]'' series<br>''[[Prince of Persia]]'' series<br>''[[Far Cry (series)|Far Cry]]'' series<br>''[[ZombiU]]''<br>''[[Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon]]'' series<br>''[[Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six]]'' series<br>''[[Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell]]'' series<br>''[[Beyond Good & Evil (video game)|Beyond Good & Evil]]'' series
| Developer/publisher
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Ubisoft Blue Byte]]
| [[Düsseldorf]]
|
| Germany
| 1988
| ''[[Battle Isle]]'' series<br>''[[The Settlers]]'' series<br>''[[Anno (series)|Anno]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Ubisoft]]
|-style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ubisoft Leamington]]
| [[Leamington Spa]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 2002
| ''[[DJ Hero]]'' series<br>''[[Guitar Hero Live]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2008 and acquired by [[Ubisoft]] in 2017; defunct in 2025.<ref>[https://www.eurogamer.net/ubisoft-announces-studio-closure-as-it-lays-off-185-staff Ubisoft announces studio closure as it lays off 185 staff]. Eurogamer.net. January 27, 2025</ref>
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Ubisoft Reflections]]
| [[Newcastle upon Tyne]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1984
| ''[[Driver (series)|Driver]]'' series<br>''[[Destruction Derby (series)|Destruction Derby]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Ubisoft]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[UEP Systems]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1985
| ''[[Cool Boarders]]'' series
| Defunct in 2001
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Ultimate Play the Game]]
| [[Ashby-de-la-Zouch]]
| [[England]]
| United Kingdom
| 1982
|''[[Jetpac]]''<br>''[[Lunar Jetman]]''<br>''[[Atic Atac]]''<br>''[[Sabreman]]'' series<br>''[[Alien 8]]''
| Predecessor to [[Rare (company)|Rare]]; Defunct in 1988
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Undead Labs]]
| [[Seattle]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2009
| ''[[State of Decay]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Microsoft Studios]] in 2018
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Underground Development]]
| [[Foster City, California|Foster City]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Guitar Hero: Van Halen]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2002; dissolved in 2010
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[United Front Games]]
| [[Vancouver]]
| [[British Columbia]]
| Canada
| 2006
| ''[[ModNation Racers]]''<br>''[[Sleeping Dogs (video game)|Sleeping Dogs]]''<br>''[[LittleBigPlanet Karting]]''
| Defunct in 2016
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[United Game Artists]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1996
| ''[[Space Channel 5]]'' series<br>''[[Rez (video game)|Rez]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Sega]]
|-
| [[Unity Technologies]]
| [[San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2004
| ''[[Survival Kids (2025 video game)|Survival Kids (2025)]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Universomo]]
| [[Tampere]]
|
| Finland
| 2002
|
| Defunct in 2010
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Unknown Worlds Entertainment]]
| [[San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[Natural Selection (video game)|Natural Selection]]'' series<br>''[[Subnautica]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Krafton]] in 2021
|- id="V" style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Valhalla Game Studios]]
| Tokyo
|
| Japan
| 2008
| ''[[Devil's Third]]''<br>''[[Momotaro Dentetsu]] 2017''
| Acquired by [[Wake Up Interactive]] in 2017 and merged into Wake Up Interactive by [[Tencent]], its new parent company, in 2021
|-
| [[Valve Corporation|Valve]]
| [[Kirkland, Washington|Kirkland]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[Half-Life (series)|Half-Life]]'' series<br>''[[Portal (video game)|Portal]]'' series<br>''[[Left 4 Dead (series)|Left 4 Dead]]'' series<br>''[[Team Fortress 2]]''<br>''[[Dota 2]]''<br>''[[Counter-Strike (series)|Counter-Strike]]'' series
|Developer, publisher and distributor
|-
| [[Vanillaware]]
| [[Chūō-ku, Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 2002
| ''[[Odin Sphere]]''<br>''[[GrimGrimoire]]''<br>''[[Muramasa: The Demon Blade]]''<br>''[[Dragon's Crown]]''<br>''[[13 Sentinels: Aegis Rim]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Vanpool (company)|Vanpool]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1999
| ''[[Tingle (character)#Tingle series|Tingle]]'' series<br>''[[Kirby (series)|Super Kirby Clash]]''<br>''[[Kirby Fighters 2]]''
| Formed by former employees of [[Love-de-Lic]]; closed in 2023<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/kirby-support-studio-vanpool-shut-down Kirby support studio Vanpool shut down]. GamesIndustry.biz. June 1, 2023</ref>
|-
| [[Velan Studios]]
| [[Troy, New York|Troy]]
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 2012
| ''[[Knockout City]]'' <br> ''[[Mario Kart Live: Home Circuit]]''
| Formed by former [[Vicarious Visions]] developers
|-
| [[VG Entertainment]]
| [[Kyiv]]
|
| Ukraine
| 2012
| ''[[Survarium]]''
| Vostok Games was founded in March 2012 by former employees of [[GSC Game World]], following that firm's closing
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Tokai Communications#Video games|Vic Tokai]]
|
| [[Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka]]
|Japan
|1984
|
|Developer and publisher. Branch of [[Tokai Communications]].
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Vicarious Visions]]
| [[Albany, New York|Albany]] ([[Menands, New York|Menands]])
| [[New York (state)|New York]]
| United States
| 1990
| ''[[Guitar Hero]]'' series (Wii and DS version)<br>[[Tony Hawk (series)|''Tony Hawk'']] series
* ''[[Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2]]''–4 (GBA version)
* ''[[Tony Hawk's Underground]]'' series (GBA version)
* ''[[Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 1 + 2]]''
''[[Skylanders: SuperChargers]]''<br>''[[Crash Bandicoot]]'' series
* [[Crash Bandicoot: The Huge Adventure|''Crash Bandicoot'' handheld series]]
* ''[[Crash Nitro Kart]]''
* ''[[Crash Bandicoot Purple: Ripto's Rampage and Spyro Orange: The Cortex Conspiracy|Crash Purple and Spyro Orange]]''
* ''[[Crash Bandicoot N. Sane Trilogy]]''
''[[Marvel: Ultimate Alliance 2]]''
| Acquired by [[Activision]] in 2004; merged into [[Blizzard Entertainment]] in 2021.<ref>[https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2021-01-22-vicarious-visions-merged-into-blizzard Vicarious Visions merged into Blizzard]. GamesIndustry.biz. January 22, 2021.</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Vigil Games]]
| [[Austin, Texas|Austin]]
| [[Texas]]
| United States
| 2005
| ''[[Darksiders]]'' series
| Subsidiary of [[THQ]]; defunct in 2013
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Virtual Heroes]]
| [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh]]
| [[North Carolina]]
| United States
| 2004
| ''[[Moonbase Alpha (video game)|Moonbase Alpha]]''
| acquired by [[Applied Research Associates]] in 2009
|-
| [[Virtuos]]
|
|
| Singapore
| 2004
| ''[[List of Monster Jam video games#Monster Jam: Path of Destruction|Monster Jam: Path of Destruction]]''<br>''[[Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon Predator|Ghost Recon Predator]]''<br>''[[The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion Remastered]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Visceral Games]]
| [[Redwood City, California|Redwood City]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Dead Space (series)|Dead Space]]'' series
| Formerly known as EA Redwood Shores, former in-house development studio and subsidiary of [[Electronic Arts]], closed in 2017.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Visual Concepts]]
| [[Novato, California|Novato]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 1988
| ''[[NFL 2K]]''<br>''[[NBA 2K (series)|NBA 2K]]'' series<br>''[[2K Sports Major League Baseball series|MLB 2K]]'' series<br>''[[NHL 2K]]'' series<br>''[[WWE 2K20]]''
| Subsidiary of [[2K (company)|2K]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Volition (company)|Volition]]
| [[Champaign, Illinois|Champaign]]
|[[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1996
| ''[[Saints Row (series)|Saints Row]]'' series<br>''[[Red Faction (series)|Red Faction]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Koch Media]] in 2013 and managed by its Deep Silver division; transferred to the [[Gearbox Entertainment]] belonging to the same industrial group in 2022 and closed in 2023
|- id="W"
| [[Wahoo Studios]]
| [[Orem, Utah|Orem]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 2001
|
|
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Warhorse Studios]]
| [[Prague]]
|
| Czech Republic
| 2011
| ''[[Kingdom Come: Deliverance]]''
| Acquired by [[Koch Media]] in 2019
|-
| [[Wargaming (company)|Wargaming]]
| [[Nicosia, Cyprus|Nicosia]]<br>[[Minsk, Belarus|Minsk]]
|
| Cyprus<br>Belarus
| 1998
| ''[[World of Tanks]]<br>[[World of Warplanes]]''
| Developer/publisher
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Wargaming Chicago-Baltimore]] (formerly Meyer/Glass Interactive, Day 1 Studios, and Wargaming West Corporation)
| [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 2001
| ''[[Axis & Allies (1998 video game)|Axis & Allies]]'' series<br>''[[MechAssault]]'' series
|Merged with WarGaming<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.day1studios.com/index.php|title=Day 1 Studios|website=www.day1studios.com|access-date=1 March 2019|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215223706/http://www.day1studios.com/index.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Wargaming Seattle]]
| [[Redmond, Washington|Redmond]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1998
| ''[[Supreme Commander (video game)|Supreme Commander]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Wargaming (company)|Wargaming]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment]]
| [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1988
| ''[[Batman: Arkham]]'' series<br>''[[List of Lego video games|Lego]]'' series<br>''[[F.E.A.R. (series)|F.E.A.R.]]'' series<br>''[[Mortal Kombat (2011 video game)|Mortal Kombat]]'' series
| Division of [[Warner Bros.]] Entertainment which is a subsidiary of [[WarnerMedia]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[WB Games Boston]] (formerly Turbine)
| [[Needham, Massachusetts|Needham]]
| [[Massachusetts]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Asheron's Call]]'' series<br>''[[Dungeons & Dragons Online]]''<br>''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Avalanche Software|WB Games - Avalanche]] (formerly Avalanche Software)
| [[Salt Lake City]]
| [[Utah]]
| United States
| 1995
| ''[[Disney Infinity (series)|Disney Infinity]]'' series<br>''[[Hogwarts Legacy]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Disney Interactive Studios]]; defunct in 2016<br>Relaunched by Warner Bros. in 2017.
|-
| [[Webfoot Technologies]]
| [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 1993
| ''[[Dragon Ball Z: The Legacy of Goku]]''<br>''[[You Don't Know Jack (franchise)|You Don't Know Jack!]] '' series{{which|date=March 2018}}<br>''[[Deadly Rooms of Death]]''
| Creators of many ''Dragon Ball Z'' games for Atari; specializes in Nintendo platforms
|-
| [[WeMade Entertainment|WeMade]]
| [[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
| 2000
| ''[[The Legend of Mir (disambiguation)|The Legend of Mir]]''<!--intentional link to DAB page--> series
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Westone Bit Entertainment]]
| [[Tokyo]]
|
| Japan
| 1986
| ''[[Wonder Boy]]'' series<br>''[[Monster World]]'' series
| Bankrupt and became defunct in 2014
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Westwood Studios]]
| [[Las Vegas]]
| [[Nevada]]
| United States
| 1985
| ''[[Eye of the Beholder (video game)|Eye of the Beholder]]''<br>''[[Dune II: The Building of a Dynasty|Dune II]]''<br>''[[The Legend of Kyrandia]]'' series<br>''[[Monopoly (1995 video game)|Monopoly (1995)]]''<br>''[[Lands of Lore]]'' series<br>''[[Command & Conquer]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Electronic Arts]] in 1998 and closed in 2003.
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Wicked Workshop]]
| [[Melbourne]]
|
| Australia
| 2001
| ''[[AFL Challenge]]''<br>''[[AFL Live 2]]''<br>''[[AFL Evolution]]'' series<br>''[[Rugby Challenge 3]]''
| Acquired by [[Keywords Studios]] in 2021
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Wideload Games]]
| [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]]
| [[Illinois]]
| United States
| 2003
| ''[[Stubbs the Zombie in Rebel Without a Pulse]]''
| Subsidiary of [[Disney Interactive Studios]]; closed in 2014
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
|[[Wizet|Wizet studio]] (Nexon development 1st division)
|[[Seoul]]
|
| South Korea
|1999
|''[[MapleStory]]''
| Acquired by [[Nexon]] and became to its division
|-
| [[Wolfire Games]]
| [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2003
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[World Forge]]
| [[Voronezh]]
|
| Russia
| 2004
| ''[[Ancient Wars: Sparta]]''
| Founded by [[Burut Creative Team]] employees.
|- id="X" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Xbox Game Studios]]
| [[Redmond, Washington|Redmond]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 2002
| ''[[Age of Empires]]'' series<br>''[[Crackdown (video game series)|Crackdown]]'' series<br>''[[Forza Motorsport (series)|Forza Motorsport]]'' series<br>''[[Gears of War (series)|Gears of War]]'' series<br>''[[Halo (series)|Halo]]'' series<br>''[[Microsoft Flight Simulator]]'' series<br>''[[Zoo Tycoon (series)|Zoo Tycoon]]'' series
| First-party developer, publisher, and console manufacturer; established as Microsoft Game Studios
|-
| [[XPEC Entertainment]]
| [[Taipei]]
|
| Taiwan
| 2000
| ''[[Bounty Hounds]]''
| Developer/publisher
|- id="Y" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Yager Development]]
| [[Berlin]]
|
| Germany
| 1999
| ''[[Spec Ops: The Line]]''
| mostly acquired by [[Tencent]] in 2021
|-
| [[Yuke's]]
| [[Osaka]]
|
| Japan
| 1993
| ''[[WWE 2K]]'' series <small>(–2018)</small><br>''[[Earth Defense Force: Iron Rain]]''
|
|- id="Z" style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[ZeniMax Online Studios]]
| [[Hunt Valley, Maryland|Hunt Valley]]
| [[Maryland]]
| United States
| 2007
| ''[[The Elder Scrolls Online]]''
| Subsidiary of [[ZeniMax Media]] Inc
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Zen Studios]]
| [[Budapest]]
|
| Hungary
| 2003
| ''[[Pinball FX]]'' series
| Acquired by [[Embracer Group]] in 2020.<ref name="embracer-nov2020" />
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Zipper Interactive]]
| [[Redmond, Washington|Redmond]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1995
| ''[[SOCOM U.S. Navy SEALs]]'' series<br>''[[MechWarrior 3]]''<br>''[[Top Gun: Hornet's Nest]]''
| Shut down in 2012 by [[Sony Computer Entertainment]]
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[Zombie Studios]]
| [[Seattle]]
| [[Washington (state)|Washington]]
| United States
| 1994
| ''[[Spec Ops: Rangers Lead the Way]]''<br>''[[Blacklight: Retribution]]''
|
|- style="background:#ffe8a9;"
| [[ZootFly]]
| [[Ljubljana]]
|
| Slovenia
| 2002
| ''[[Marlow Briggs and the Mask of Death]]''
| Acquired by Elektroncek
|- style="background:#c9daff;"
| [[Zynga]]
| [[San Francisco]]
| [[California]]
| United States
| 2007
| ''[[FarmVille]]'' series<br>''[[Zynga Poker]]''
| [[Social network game]] developer; acquired by [[Take-Two Interactive]] in 2022
|}

==See also==
* [[List of indie game developers]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{Companies by industry}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Video game developers, List of}}
[[Category:Lists of information technology companies]]
[[Category:Video game companies|*]]
[[Category:Video game development companies|*]]
[[Category:Video game lists|+Developers]]