View source for List of island countries

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[[Image:Island nations.svg|thumb|350px|Map depicts [[sovereign state]]s and a de facto state ([[Taiwan]]) (tw) fully located on islands: those with land borders shaded green, and those without shaded dark blue.<br /><br />Countries/territories not shown on the map: [[Antarctica]] (aq) ([[continent]]al [[condominium (international law)|disputed territory]]), [[Australia]] (au) ([[continent]]al country), the [[Cook Islands]] (ck) and [[Niue]] (nu) ([[Associated state|free association]] with [[New Zealand]]), [[Greenland]] (gl) and the [[Faroe Islands]] (fo) ([[Countries of the Kingdom of Denmark|constituent countries]] of the [[Danish Realm|Kingdom of Denmark]]), [[Northern Cyprus]] (ct.tr and nc.tr) (unrecognized country), and [[Puerto Rico]] (pr) ([[Territories of the United States|unincorporated U.S. territory]]).]]

An [[island]] is a [[landmass]] (smaller than a [[continent]]) that is surrounded by water.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/island|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719094034/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Island|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 19, 2012|title=Definition of island|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> Many [[island country|island countries]] are spread over an [[archipelago]], as is the case with [[Indonesia]], [[Japan]], and the [[Philippines]]—these countries consist of thousands of islands. Others consist of a single island, such as [[Barbados]], [[Dominica]], and [[Nauru]]; a main island and some smaller islands, such as [[Cuba]], [[Iceland]], and [[Sri Lanka]]; a part of an island, such as [[Brunei]], the [[Dominican Republic]], [[East Timor]], and the [[Republic of Ireland]]; or one main island but also sharing borders in other islands, such as the [[United Kingdom]] ([[Great Britain]] and a part of [[Ireland]]).

The list also includes two [[political status of the Cook Islands and Niue|states in free association]] with [[New Zealand]], the [[Cook Islands]] and [[Niue]], as well as two [[list of states with limited recognition|states with limited diplomatic recognition]] which have ''de facto'' control over territories entirely on the islands, [[Northern Cyprus]] and [[Taiwan]].<ref name="roc">The [[Taiwan|Republic of China]] (commonly known as "Taiwan") only controls the islands of [[geography of Taiwan|Taiwan]], [[Penghu]], [[Kinmen]], [[Matsu Islands|Matsu]] etc. after the [[Chinese Civil War]], but has not renounced claim on areas currently under control of the [[China|People's Republic of China]], [[Mongolia]], [[Tuva]] (a [[republics of Russia|Russian republic]]) etc. If those territories are taken into account, the Republic of China is not an island country or a country centered with a major island. The area under ROC control is also claimed by the People's Republic of China. See: [[One China]] and [[Political status of Taiwan]].</ref> In total, 50 island countries have been included in the lists.

[[Australia]] is not included as it is considered a [[Australia (continent)|continental country]], although it was historically referred to as an island country because of its lack of [[list of countries and territories by number of land borders|land borders]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Löffler|first=Ernst|author2=A.J. Rose, Anneliese Löffler & Denis Warner|title=Australia:Portrait of a Continent|year=1983|publisher=Hutchinson Group|location=[[Richmond, Victoria|Richmond]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]|page=17|isbn=0-09-130460-1}}</ref> [[Greenland]] is generally considered as the largest island on Earth and listed among the island territories. [[Puerto Rico]] in the [[Caribbean Sea]] is officially an [[Territories of the United States|unincorporated territory]] of the [[United States]]. Neither Greenland nor Puerto Rico are sovereign countries.

[[Indonesia]] is the world's largest island country by area (1,904,569&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>), and by total number of islands (17,504 islands).<ref>[https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/which-countries-have-the-most-islands.html Which Countries Have The Most Islands?]</ref> It is also the world's most populous island country, with a population of over 270 million (the fourth most populous country in the world, after [[India]], [[China]], and the [[United States]]).

[[South America]] has only one independent sovereign island nation with [[Trinidad and Tobago]]; though considered a [[Caribbean]] island country, it is located on the northern portion of the South American [[continental shelf]] just {{convert|11|km|nmi|frac=2|abbr=off}} off [[Venezuela]], but {{convert|130|km|nmi|frac=2|abbr=off}} from [[Grenada]], the nearest of the [[Antilles]].<ref group="n">The [[Falkland Islands]] and [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] are disputed island territories administered by the [[United Kingdom]] and claimed by [[Argentina]].</ref><ref>[https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/island-countries.htm Island Countries]</ref>

== Sovereign states ==
=== UN member states and states with limited recognition ===
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi"
|-
!rowspan=2 | Name
!rowspan=2 | [[List of ISO 3166 country codes|ISO code]]
!rowspan=2 | Geographic configuration
!rowspan=2 | Geologic location
!data-sort-type="number" colspan=2 | Area<ref name="world-atlas">{{cite web|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/which-are-the-island-countries-of-the-world.html |title=Island Countries Of The World |publisher=WorldAtlas.com |access-date=2019-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207094959/http://www.worldatlas.com/articles/which-are-the-island-countries-of-the-world.html | archive-date=2017-12-07}}</ref>
!data-sort-type="number" rowspan=2 | Population<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?end=2019&name_desc=false&start=2015&view=chart |title=Total Population Estimates 2015-2019|website =data.worldbank.org|publisher=The World Bank |access-date=21 April 2021 }}</ref>
!data-sort-type="number" colspan=2 | [[Population density|Population<br />density]]
!rowspan=2 | Geographical location
!rowspan=2 | Establishment/ Independence
|-
!{{nowrap|km<sup>2</sup>}}
!sq&nbsp;mi
!per {{nowrap|km<sup>2</sup>}}
!per sq&nbsp;mi
|-style="background:#e6e6e6"
! colspan="11" | [[Member states of the United Nations|UN member states]]
|-
| {{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:AG|AG]]<br>ATG
| [[Geography of Antigua and Barbuda|Two main islands]]:<br />
[[Antigua|Antigua Island]]<br />
[[Barbuda|Barbuda Island]]
| [[Continental shelf]]
| {{convert|442|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|97,120
| {{convert|220|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
| 1981 November 1
|-
| {{flag|Bahamas}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:BS|BS]]<br>BHS
| [[Geography of the Bahamas|Archipelago]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|13,939|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|389,480
| {{convert|28|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[Lucayan Archipelago]]
| 1973 July 10
|-
| {{flag|Bahrain}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:BH|BH]]<br>BHR
| [[Geography of Bahrain|Archipelago]] with one main [[Bahrain Island|island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|778|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|1,641,170
| {{convert|2,109|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Persian Gulf]]
| 1971 December 10
|-
| {{flag|Barbados}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:BB|BB]]<br>BRB
| [[Geography of Barbados|One main island]]
| Continental shelf<ref group="n" name="Microcontinent">A [[continental fragment|microcontinent]] on [[continental crust]].</ref>
| {{convert|430|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|287,020
| {{convert|667|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
| 1966 November 30
|-
| {{flag|Brunei}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:BN|BN]]<br>BRN
| [[Geography of Brunei|Part of a larger island]] ([[Borneo]])
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|5,765|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|433,290
| {{convert|75|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Maritime Southeast Asia]]
| 1984 January 1
|-
| {{flag|Cape Verde}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:CV|CV]]<br>CPV
| [[Geography of Cape Verde|Archipelago]]
| [[Island#Oceanic islands|Oceanic]]
| {{convert|4,033|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|549,930
| {{convert|136|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[Macaronesia]]
| 1975 July 5
|-
| {{flag|Comoros}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:KM|KM]]<br>COM
| [[Geography of the Comoros|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|1,861|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|850,890
| {{convert|457|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Africa]], [[Comoros Islands]]
| 1975 July 6
|-
| {{flag|Cuba}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:CU|CU]]<br>CUB
| [[Geography of Cuba|One main island]], and [[List of islands of Cuba|several smaller islands]] ([[Isla de la Juventud]], etc.)
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|109,884|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
|style="text-align:right"| 11,346,346
| {{convert|103|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Greater Antilles]]
| 1868 October 10 <br>
1902 May 20
|-
| {{flag|Cyprus}}<ref group="n" name="Cyprus">
The northern part of the island of Cyprus is the ''de facto'' independent state of [[Northern Cyprus]], which is recognized only by [[Turkey]]. In the south of the island are the [[Akrotiri and Dhekelia|Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia]], controlled by the United Kingdom.</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:CY|CY]]<br>CYP
| [[Geography of Cyprus|Part of a larger island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|9,251|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|888,005
| {{convert|96|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| 1960 August 16
|-
| {{flag|Dominica}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:DM|DM]]<br>DMA
| [[Geography of Dominica|One main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|754|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|71,810
| {{convert|95|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
| 1978 November 3
|-
| {{flag|Dominican Republic}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:DO|DO]]<br>DOM
| [[Geography of the Dominican Republic|Part of a larger island]] ([[Hispaniola]]), and several smaller islands ([[Alto Velo Island|Alto Velo]], [[Catalina Island (Dominican Republic)|Catalina]], [[Saona Island|Saona]], [[Beata Island|Beata]], etc.)
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|48,671|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|10,738,960
| {{convert|221|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Greater Antilles]]
| 1821 December 1 <br>
1844 February 27
|-
| {{flag|East Timor}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:TL|TL]]<br>TLS
| [[Geography of East Timor|Part of a larger island]] ([[Timor]])
| Oceanic
| {{convert|14,919|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|1,293,120
| {{convert|87|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Maritime Southeast Asia]], [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]
| 2002 May 20
|-
| {{flag|Fiji}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:FJ|FJ]]<br>FJI
| [[Geography of Fiji|Archipelago]] with two main islands:<br />
[[Viti Levu]]<br />
[[Vanua Levu]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|18,274|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|889,950
| {{convert|49|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Melanesia]]
| 1970 October 10
|-
| {{flag|Grenada}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:GD|GD]]<br>GRD
| [[Geography of Grenada|One main island]] with two island dependencies ([[Carriacou]] and [[Petite Martinique]])
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|344|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|112,000
| {{convert|326|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
| 1974 February 7
|-
| {{flag|Haiti}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:HT|HT]]<br>HTI
| [[Geography of Haiti|Part of a larger island]] ([[Hispaniola]]), and several smaller islands ([[Gonâve Island|Gonâve]], [[Tortuga (Haiti)|Tortuga]], [[Les Cayemites]], etc.)
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|27,750|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|11,743,017
| {{convert|423|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Greater Antilles]]
| 1804 January 1
|-
| {{flag|Iceland}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:IS|IS]]<br>ISL
| [[Geography of Iceland|One main island]]
| Oceanic<ref group="n">The largest [[Island#Oceanic islands|oceanic island]] in the world.</ref>
| {{convert|102,775|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|361,310
| {{convert|4|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[Arctic Circle]]
| 1918 December 1 <br> 1944 June 17
|-
| {{flag|Indonesia}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:ID|ID]]<br>IDN
| [[Geography of Indonesia|Archipelago]], including parts of larger islands ([[Borneo]], [[New Guinea]], [[Sebatik Island|Sebatik]], and [[Timor]])
| Various<ref group="n">
The western portion of the country is on the [[Sunda Shelf|continental shelf of Asia]] while the eastern portion of the country is on the [[Sahul Shelf|continental shelf of Australia]]. The central portion of the country consists of oceanic islands in [[Wallacea]].</ref>
| {{convert|1,904,569|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
|style="text-align:right"| 270,625,570
| {{convert|142|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Maritime Southeast Asia]], [[Indian Ocean|Indian]] and [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] oceans
| 1945 August 17
|-
| {{flag|Ireland}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:IE|IE]]<br>IRL
| [[Geography of Ireland|Part of a larger island]] ([[Ireland]]), and [[List of islands of Ireland|several smaller islands]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|70,273|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
|style="text-align:right"| 4,977,400
| {{convert|71|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[British Isles]]
| 1922 December 6
|-
| {{flag|Jamaica}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:JM|JM]]<br>JAM
| [[Geography of Jamaica|One main island]] with an archipelago of islets (inc. [[Morant Cays]], [[Pedro Cays]], and [[Port Royal Cays]])
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|10,991|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|2,734,092
| {{convert|249|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Greater Antilles]]
| 1962 August 6
|-
| {{flag|Japan}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:JP|JP]]<br>JPN
| [[Geography of Japan|Four main islands]] and [[List of islands of Japan|thousands of surrounding islands]] 
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|377,976|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}<ref name="geospatial">{{cite web |title=令和元年全国都道府県市区町村別面積調（１０月１日時点）2020年 |url=https://www.gsi.go.jp/KOKUJYOHO/MENCHO-title.htm |publisher=[[Geospatial Information Authority of Japan]] |access-date=3 January 2021 |language=ja |date=25 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101044323/https://www.gsi.go.jp/KOKUJYOHO/MENCHO-title.htm |archive-date=January 1, 2021}}</ref>
| style="text-align:right"|126,264,930
| {{convert|334|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[East Asia]]
| 660 BC February 11<ref group="n" name="JPN">
In Japanese tradition, 11 February 660 BC is regarded as the accession date of the first Emperor of Japan in legendary, [[Emperor Jimmu]], marking the establishment of the [[Imperial House of Japan|imperial dynasty]]. However, no historical evidence that Jimmu actually existed and his story was largely narrated by [[Japanese mythology]]. February 11 was also the day when the [[Meiji Constitution|Constitution of the Empire of Japan]] was proclaimed in 1889. See: [[National Foundation Day (Japan)|National Foundation Day]]</ref>
|-
| {{flag|Kiribati}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:KI|KI]]<br>KIR
| [[Geography of Kiribati|Several separated archipelagos]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|811|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|117,610
| {{convert|145|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Micronesia]]
| 1979 July 12
|-
| {{flag|Madagascar}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:MG|MG]]<br>MDG
| [[Geography of Madagascar|One main island]]
| Continental shelf<ref group="n">
The largest [[continental fragment|microcontinent]] in the world.</ref>
| {{convert|587,041|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|26,969,310
| {{convert|46|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Africa]]
| 1960 June 26
|-
| {{flag|Maldives}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:MV|MV]]<br>MDV
| [[Geography of the Maldives|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|298|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|383,976
| {{convert|1,289|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Laccadive Sea]] 
| 1965 July 26
|-
| {{flag|Malta}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:MT|MT]]<br>MLT
| [[Geography of Malta|Two main islands]] ([[Malta (island)|Malta Island]] and [[Gozo]]) plus other [[List of islands of Malta|smaller islands]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|316|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|502,650
| {{convert|1,591|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| 1964 September 21
|-
| {{flag|Marshall Islands}}<ref group="n" name="CFA">The Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau are [[associated state|states in free association]] with the United States, under the [[Compact of Free Association]].</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:MH|MH]]<br>MHL
| [[Geography of the Marshall Islands|Two archipelagos]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|181|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|58,790
| {{convert|325|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Micronesia]]
| 1979 May 1
|-
| {{flag|Mauritius}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:MU|MU]]<br>MUS
| [[Geography of Mauritius|Archipelago with one main island]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|2,040|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|1,265,710
| {{convert|620|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Africa]], [[Mascarene Islands]]
| 1968 March 12
|-
| {{flag|Micronesia}}<ref group="n" name="CFA" />
| [[ISO 3166-2:FM|FM]]<br>FSM
| [[Geography of the Federated States of Micronesia|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|702|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|113,810
| {{convert|162|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Micronesia]]
| 1979 May 10
|-
| {{flag|Nauru}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:NR|NR]]<br>NRU
| [[Geography of Nauru|One main island]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|21|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|12,580
| {{convert|599|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Micronesia]]
| 1968 January 31
|-
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:NZ|NZ]]<br>NZL
| [[Geography of New Zealand|An archipelago]] around two main islands:<br />
[[Te Ika-a-Māui]] (the North Island)<br />
[[Te Waipounamu]] (the South Island)
| Continental shelf<ref group="n" name="Zealandia">
A part of the [[submerged continent]] of [[Zealandia]].</ref>
| {{convert|270,467|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
|style="text-align:right"| 5,125,451
| {{convert|19|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
| 1907 September 26
|-
| {{flag|Palau}}<ref group="n" name="CFA" />
| [[ISO 3166-2:PW|PW]]<br>PLW
| [[Geography of Palau|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|459|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|18,010
| {{convert|39|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Micronesia]]
| 1981 January 1
|-
| {{flag|Papua New Guinea}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:PG|PG]]<br>PNG
| [[Geography of Papua New Guinea|Part of a larger island]] ([[New Guinea]]), and surrounding archipelago
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|462,840|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|8,776,110
| {{convert|19|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Melanesia]]
| 1975 September 16
|-
| {{flag|Philippines}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:PH|PH]]<br>PHL
| [[Geography of the Philippines|Archipelago]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|300,000|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|108,116,620
| {{convert|360|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Maritime Southeast Asia]]
| 1898 June 12 <br>
1946 July 4
|-
| {{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:KN|KN]]<br>KNA
| [[Geography of Saint Kitts and Nevis|Two main islands]]:<br />
[[Saint Kitts|Saint Christopher Island]]<br />
[[Nevis|Nevis Island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|261|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|52,830
| {{convert|202|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
| 1983 September 19
|-
| {{flag|Saint Lucia}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:LC|LC]]<br>LCA
| [[Geography of Saint Lucia|One main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|616|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|182,790
| {{convert|297|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
| 1979 February 22
|-
| {{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:VC|VC]]<br>VCT
| [[Geography of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|An archipelago with one main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|389|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|110,590
| {{convert|284|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
| 1979 October 27
|-
| {{flag|Samoa}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:WS|WS]]<br>WSM
| [[Geography of Samoa|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|2,842|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|197,100
| {{convert|69|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
| 1962 January 1
|-
| {{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:ST|ST]]<br>STP
| [[Geography of São Tomé and Príncipe|Two main islands]]:<br />
[[São Tomé Island]]<br /> 
[[Príncipe|Príncipe Island]])
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|1,001|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|215,060
| {{convert|215|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[Gulf of Guinea]], [[Africa]]
| 1975 July 12
|-
| {{flag|Seychelles}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:SC|SC]]<br>SYC
| [[Geography of Seychelles|Archipelago]]
| Various<ref group="n">
The [[Granitic Seychelles]] is a part of the [[Seychelles microcontinent]]. The [[Outer Islands (Seychelles)|Coralline Seychelles]] consists of oceanic islands.</ref>
| {{convert|455|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|97,630
| {{convert|215|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Africa]]
| 1976 June 29
|-
| {{flag|Singapore}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:SG|SG]]<br>SGP
| An [[List of islands of Singapore|archipelago]] with [[Geography of Singapore|one main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|728|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|5,703,570
| {{convert|7,831|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Maritime Southeast Asia]]
| 1965 August 9
|-
| {{flag|Solomon Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:SB|SB]]<br>SLB
| [[Geography of the Solomon Islands|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|28,400|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|669,820
| {{convert|24|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Melanesia]]
| 1978 July 7
|-
| {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:LK|LK]]<br>LKA
| [[Geography of Sri Lanka|One main island]], plus [[List of islands of Sri Lanka|other small islands]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|65,610|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|21,803,000
| {{convert|332|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[South Asia]]
| 1948 February 4
|-
| {{flag|Tonga}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:TO|TO]]<br>TON
| [[Geography of Tonga|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|748|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|104,490
| {{convert|140|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
| 1970 June 4
|-
| {{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:TT|TT]]<br>TTO
| An [[List of islands of Trinidad and Tobago|archipelago]] with [[Geography of Trinidad and Tobago|two main islands]]:<br />
[[Trinidad|Trinidad Island]]<br />
[[Tobago|Tobago Island]] 
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|5,131|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|1,394,970
| {{convert|272|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
| 1962 August 31
|-
| {{flag|Tuvalu}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:TV|TV]]<br>TUV
| [[Geography of Tuvalu|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|26|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|11,650
| {{convert|448|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
| 1978 October 1
|-
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}<ref group="n" name="BOTs">
The [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]] of [[Gibraltar]] is a peninsular exclave which shares a [[Gibraltar–Spain border|land border]] with [[Spain]] and can thus be regarded as a part of [[continental Europe]], with the United Kingdom retaining the full authority for its defence and foreign relations. However, Gibraltar and other BOTs are considered to be dependent territories of the [[The Crown|British Crown]] with varying degrees of self-governance, not parts of the United Kingdom proper nor of any of its four [[countries of the United Kingdom|constituent countries]].</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32952/ot-wp-0612.pdf |title=The Overseas Territories |publisher=Foreign and Commonwealth Office |date=June 2012 |access-date=29 November 2020}}</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:GB|GB or UK]]<br>GBR
| [[Great Britain|One main island]], [[Geography of the United Kingdom|part of second island]] ([[Ireland]]), plus [[List of islands of the United Kingdom|several archipelagos]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|244,820|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|67,886,004 	 
| {{convert|277|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[British Isles]]
| 1707 May 1
|-
| {{flag|Vanuatu}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:VU|VU]]<br>VUT
| [[Geography of Vanuatu|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{convert|12,189|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|299,880
| {{convert|25|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Melanesia]]
| 1980 July 30
|-style="background:#e6e6e6"
! colspan="11" | [[List of states with limited recognition|States with limited recognition]]
|-
| {{flag|Northern Cyprus}}<ref group="n" name="trnc">
In 1983, in a breach of international law, [[Northern Cyprus]] unilaterally declared independence from Cyprus, with direct support of its neighbour [[Turkey]], in support of the [[Turkish people]] minority on the island. Northern Cyprus's sovereignty has been recognized by only one United Nations member state: Turkey. It retains a ''de facto'' control of this part of the island. It is not a member state of the United Nations. Most states recognize [[Cyprus]]'s claim to sovereignty over the entirety of [[Cyprus (island)|the island of Cyprus]].</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:CY|CY]]<br>CYP
| [[Geography of Cyprus|Part of a larger island (Cyprus)]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|3,355|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|313,626<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160108225108/http://www.devplan.org/Ecosos/BOOK/SEG-2014.pdf TRNC] SPO, Economic and Social Indicators 2014, pages=2–3</ref>
| {{convert|93|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Mediterranean Sea]]
| 1974 July 20 (unlawful usurpation of [[Demographics of Cyprus|Cypriot]] rule by Turkish minority)
|-
| {{flag|Taiwan}}<ref group="n" name="roc">
Since the conclusion of the [[Chinese Civil War]], the Republic of China (ROC) retains actual rule over the islands of [[geography of Taiwan|Taiwan]], [[Penghu]], [[Kinmen]], [[Matsu Islands|Matsu]], and [[list of islands of Taiwan|other minor islands]], all of which are collectively known as the "[[Free area of the Republic of China|Free Area]]" (or Taiwan Area) in contrast to [[Mainland China]] being under communist rule, thus making it a ''de facto'' island nation, and has become known colloquially as simply "Taiwan" due to the island of Taiwan forming the majority of the ROC-controlled territories; nonetheless, the ROC has not officially renounced its constitutional-defined territories which include areas effectively controlled by the [[China|People's Republic of China]], [[Mongolia]], [[Tuva]] (a [[republics of Russia|Russian republic]]) etc. If claimed territories were taken into account, the ROC would not be an island country, nor a country centred around a major island. The ROC-controlled territories are also claimed by the People's Republic of China. See: [[Cross-Strait relations]], [[One China]], [[Political status of Taiwan]], and [[Two Chinas]].</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:TW|TW]]<br>TWN
| [[Geography of Taiwan|One main island]] and [[List of islands of Taiwan|several smaller islands]]
| Continental shelf
| {{convert|36,193|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|23,603,121
| {{convert|652|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}} 
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[East Asia]]
| 1912 January 1<br />1949 December 7<ref group="n" name="roc-2">The [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] (ROC) was formally established on 1 January 1912 following the [[1911 Revolution|Xinhai Revolution]], which succeeded the former [[Qing dynasty]]'s territories on [[Mainland China]], while the [[Taiwan under Japanese rule|islands of Taiwan and Penghu were under Japanese rule]] at the time. The ROC gained control over the latter after the [[Surrender of Japan]] in 1945, but soon lost its control of mainland to the communists due to the [[Chinese Civil War]]. The ROC government relocated to [[Taipei]] on 7 December 1949 and named the city its [[temporary capital|provisional capital]].

Constitutionally, the [[Republic of China on Taiwan]] still views itself as the continuation of the former Chinese republic, with legitimate sovereignty over Mainland China despite having no actual control. 7 December 1949 is listed as the date of formation of its governing authority fully established on the islands. See: [[Four-Stage Theory of the Republic of China]], [[Kuomintang's retreat to Taiwan]], and [[Political status of Taiwan]].</ref>
|}

=== Associated states ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!rowspan=2 | Name
!rowspan=2 | ISO code
!rowspan=2 | Geographic configuration
!rowspan=2 | Geologic location
!rowspan=2 | Associated with
!colspan=2 | Area
!rowspan=2 | Population
!colspan=2 | Density
!rowspan=2 | Geographical location
|-
!{{nowrap|km<sup>2</sup>}}
!sq&nbsp;mi
!{{nowrap|per km<sup>2</sup>}}
!per sq&nbsp;mi
|-
| {{flag|Cook Islands}}<ref group="n" name="NCA">The [[political status of the Cook Islands and Niue]] is defined as [[associated state|states in free association]] with [[New Zealand]]. The Cook Islands and Niue are internally self-governing, with New Zealand retaining responsibility for their defence and for some foreign affairs. However, these responsibilities confer New Zealand no rights of control and can only be exercised at the request of the Cook Islands and Niue. See: [[Politics of the Cook Islands#Constitution|Constitution of the Cook Islands]] and [[Niue Constitution Act]].</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:CK|CK]]<br>COK
| [[Geography of the Cook Islands|Two archipelagos]]
| [[Island#Oceanic islands|Oceanic]]
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
| {{convert|236|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|10,777
| {{convert|45.7|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]] 
|-
| {{flag|Niue}}<ref group="n" name="NCA"/>
| [[ISO 3166-2:NU|NU]]<br>NIU
| [[Geography of Niue|One island]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
| {{convert|260|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| style="text-align:right"|1,269
| {{convert|4.9|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
|}

== Dependencies and territories ==
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi"
!rowspan=2 |Name
!rowspan=2 | [[List of ISO 3166 country codes|ISO code]]
!rowspan=2 |Geographic configuration
!rowspan=2 |Geologic location
!rowspan=2 |Sovereign state
!colspan=2 |Area
!rowspan=2 |Population
!colspan=2 |Density
!rowspan=2 |Geographic location
|-
!km<sup>2</sup>
!sq&nbsp;mi
!per {{nowrap|km<sup>2</sup>}}
!per sq&nbsp;mi
|-
| {{flag|Åland}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:AX|AX]]<br>AXL
| [[Geography of Åland|Archipelago]]<ref group="n">
Finland and Sweden share a border over the small island of [[Märket]]; however, the property including the [[lighthouse]] is owned by the Finnish rather than Åland government.</ref>
| [[Continental shelf]]
| {{flag|Finland}}
| {{convert|1,580|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 28,355
| {{convert|17.9|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Baltic Sea]], [[Gulf of Bothnia]]
|-
| {{flag|American Samoa}}<ref group="n" name="territories">
An [[insular area]] of the United States. See [[Territories of the United States]].</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:AS|AS]]<br>ASM
| [[Administrative divisions of American Samoa|Archipelago]]
| [[Island#Oceanic islands|Oceanic]]
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{convert|199|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 54,947
| {{convert|276|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
|-
| {{flag|Andaman and Nicobar Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN]]<br>IND
| Two neighbouring archipelagos of the [[Andaman Islands]] and [[Nicobar Islands]] 
| Continental shelf 
| {{flag|India}}
| {{convert|8,249|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 380,520
| {{convert|46|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Bay of Bengal]], [[Andaman Sea]]
|-
| {{flag|Anguilla}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:AI|AI]]<br>AIA
| [[Geography of Anguilla|One main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|91|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 15,423
| {{convert|169|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Aruba}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:AW|AW]]<br>ABW
| [[Geography of Aruba|One main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|Kingdom of the Netherlands|name=Netherlands}}
| {{convert|180|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 107,635
| {{convert|598|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Bermuda}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:BM|BM]]<br>BMU
| [[Geography of Bermuda|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|53.3|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 62,500
| {{convert|1,170|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[North America]]
|-
| {{flag|Bouvet Island}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:BV|BV]]<br>BVT
| One island
| Oceanic
| {{flag|Norway}}
| {{convert|49|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| ''No permanent resident''
| {{convert|0|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Southern Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}<ref group="n" name="BIOT">Since 2024, the [[Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute]] is approaching a resolution with the return of the [[British Indian Ocean Territory]] to [[Mauritius]] — deemed to have the right of [[sovereignty]] over the isles by ruling from both the  United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) the [[International Court of Justice]] (ICJ) — with the [[United Kingdom]] retaining control of the airbase on [[Diego Garcia]] on the basis of a 99-year lease. The negotiations as to the details of the return and the cost of the lease and the rate of compensation are yet to be determined.</ref><ref>[[The Guardian]], 24-Dec-2024 ''Mauritius holds out on Chagos Islands deal over Diego Garcia lease'' [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/dec/24/mauritius-holds-out-on-chagos-islands-deal-over-diego-garcia-lease]</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:IO|IO]]<br>IOT
| [[Chagos Archipelago|Archipelago]] (The Chagos Archipelago)
| Oceanic
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]<br />
{{flag|Mauritius}}<ref group="n" name="BIOT"/>
| {{convert|60|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 3,000
| {{convert|50|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|British Virgin Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:VG|VG]]<br>VGB
| [[Geography of the British Virgin Islands|Archipelago]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|151|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 31,148
| {{convert|206|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Caribbean Netherlands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:BQ|BQ]]<br>BES
| Three separate main islands:<br />
{{flag|Bonaire}}<br />{{flag|Sint Eustatius}}<br />{{flag|Saba}}<br />
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|Netherlands}}
| {{convert|127|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 21,133
| {{convert|166|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]]
|-
| {{flag|Cayman Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:KY|KY]]<br>CYM
| [[Geography of the Cayman Islands|Three main islands]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|264|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 52,560
| {{convert|199|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Greater Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Christmas Island}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:CX|CX]]<br>CXR
| One main island
| Oceanic
| {{flag|Australia}}
| {{convert|135|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 1,496
| {{convert|11.1|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Australasia]]
|-
| {{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:CC|CC]]<br>CCK
| Archipelago
| Oceanic
| {{flag|Australia}}
| {{convert|14|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 596
| {{convert|42.6|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Australasia]]
|-
| {{flag|Curaçao}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:CW|CW]]<br>CUW
| One main island (central island of the [[ABC islands (Leeward Antilles)|ABC Islands]])
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|Kingdom of the Netherlands|name=Netherlands}}
| {{convert|444|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 145,834
| {{convert|328|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Easter Island}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:CL|CL]]<br>CHL
| [[Geography of Easter Island|One main island]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|Chile}}
| {{convert|163.6|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 6,148
| {{convert|37.5|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
|-
| {{flag|Falkland Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:FK|FK]]<br>FLK
| [[Geography of the Falkland Islands|Archipelago with two main islands]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]<ref group="n" name="Argentina">The [[Falkland Islands]] and [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] are also claimed by [[Argentina]].</ref>
| {{convert|12,173|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 3,140
| {{convert|0.26|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[South America]]
|-
| {{flag|Faroe Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:FO|FO]]<br>FRO
| [[Geography of Faroe Islands|Archipelago]]
|Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|Denmark}} [[Danish Realm|Denmark]]
| {{convert|1,393|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 49,483
| {{convert|35.5|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Atlantic Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|French Polynesia}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:PF|PF]]<br>PYF
| [[Geography of French Polynesia|Five archipelagos]]:<br />
{{flagdeco|Society Islands}} The [[Society Islands]]<br />{{flagdeco|Tuamotus}} The [[Tuamotus|Tuamotu Archipelago]]<br />{{flagdeco|Gambier Islands}} The [[Gambier Islands]]<br />{{flagdeco|Marquesas Islands}} The [[Marquesas Islands]]<br />{{flagdeco|Austral Islands}} The [[Austral Islands]]<br />
| Oceanic
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|3,827|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 274,512
| {{convert|71.7|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
|-
|{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:TF|TF]]<br>ATF
| Several scattered archipelagos — [[Crozet Islands]], [[Kerguelen Islands]], [[Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands]] and the [[Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean]] — plus [[Adélie Land]] (432,000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> claim to uninhabited territory in [[Antarctica]])
| Oceanic
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|7,747|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 150
| {{convert|49.4|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Southern Ocean]]
|-
| {{flagdeco|Galápagos Islands}} [[Galápagos Islands]]
| [[ISO 3166-2:EC|EC]]<br>ECU
| [[Galápagos Province|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic 
| {{flag|Ecuador}}
| {{convert|8,010|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 33,042
| {{convert|4.1|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|Greenland}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:GL|GL]]<br>GRL
| [[Geography of Greenland|One main island]] with several archipelagos
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|Denmark}} [[Danish Realm|Denmark]]
| {{convert|2,166,086|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 57,695
| {{convert|0.03|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[North America]]
|-
| {{flag|Guadeloupe|local2}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:GP|GP]]<br>GLP
| [[Geography of Guadeloupe|Archipelago]]
| Continental Shelf
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|1,628|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 405,500
| {{convert|250|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Guam}}<ref group="n" name="territories"/>
| [[ISO 3166-2:GU|GU]]<br>GUM
| [[Geography of Guam|One main island]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{convert|544|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 159,914
| {{convert|293|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Micronesia]]
|-
| {{flag|Bailiwick of Guernsey|name=Guernsey}}<ref group="n" name="crowndependencies">
The Bailiwicks of [[Bailiwick of Guernsey|Guernsey]] and [[Jersey]], and the [[Isle of Man]] are peculiars of the [[The Crown|British Crown]] and not part of the United Kingdom; foreign relations and defence are provided by the UK.</ref><ref name="channel islands">{{cite web|url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/QueenandCrowndependencies/ChannelIslands.aspx |title=Channel Islands |url-status=dead |access-date=22 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921052748/http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/QueenandCrowndependencies/ChannelIslands.aspx |archive-date=21 September 2012 }}</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:GG|GG]]<br>GGY
| [[List of islands of the Channel Islands|Three main islands]]:<br />
{{flag|Guernsey}}<br />{{flag|Alderney}}<br />{{flag|Sark}}
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|78|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 65,849
| {{convert|844|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[English Channel]], [[Channel Islands]]
|-
| {{flag|Heard and McDonald Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:HM|HM]]<br>HMD
| Two main islands ([[Heard Island]] and [[McDonald Islands|McDonald Island]])
| Oceanic
| {{flag|Australia}}
| {{convert|412|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| ''No permanent resident''
| {{convert|0|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Southern Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|Hong Kong}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:HK|HK]]<br>HKG
| [[Geography of Hong Kong|river delta island group]] with two main islands of [[Hong Kong Island]] and [[Lantau Island]] of a [[List of islands and peninsulas of Hong Kong|total of 263]] with the largest 19 encompassing {{convert|293.26|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} around the peninsula of [[Kowloon]] and the [[New Territories]] 
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|China}}
| {{convert|1108|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 7,498,100
| {{convert|6768|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[South China Sea]], [[Pearl River Delta]]
|-
| {{flag|Isle of Man}}<ref group="n" name="crowndependencies"/>
| [[ISO 3166-2:IM|IM]]<br>IMN
| [[Geography of the Isle of Man|One main island]] and a minor island (the [[Calf of Man]]) 
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|572|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 85,421
| {{convert|149|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Irish Sea]], [[British Isles]]
|-
| {{flag|Jan Mayen}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:SJ|SJ]]<br>SJM
| One [[mid-Atlantic ridge]] volcanic [[seamount]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|Norway}}
| {{convert|377|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| ''No permanent resident''
| {{convert|0|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Arctic Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|Jersey}}<ref group="n" name="crowndependencies"/><ref name="channel islands"/>
| [[ISO 3166-2:JE|JE]]<br>JEY
| [[List of islands of the Channel Islands|One main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|116|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 94,949
| {{convert|819|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[English Channel]], [[Channel Islands]]
|-
| {{flag|Juan Fernández Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:CL|CL]]<br>CHL
| Three main islands: [[Robinson Crusoe Island|Robinson Crusoe]]<br />[[Alejandro Selkirk Island|Alejandro Selkirk]]<br />[[Santa Clara Island|Santa Clara]]<br />
| Oceanic
| {{flag|Chile}} 
| {{convert|100|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 926
| {{convert|9.2|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|Lakshadweep}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN]]<br>IND
| [[Geography of Lakshadweep|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|India}}
| {{convert|32.62|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 64,473
| {{convert|2000|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|Macau}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:MO|MO]]<br>MAC
| [[Geography of Macau|One main island]] of {{convert|21|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} and a [[Macau Peninsula|peninsula]] on a [[Zhongshan Island|river delta island]] (Zhonghsan)
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|China}}
| {{convert|32.9|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 680,000
| {{convert|20,668|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[South China Sea]], [[Pearl River Delta]]
|-
| {{flag|Martinique|local}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:MQ|MQ]]<br>MTQ
| [[Geography of Martinique|One main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|1,128|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 403,795
| {{convert|360|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Mayotte|local}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:YT|YT]]<br>MYT
| [[Geography of Mayotte|One main island]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|374|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 194,000
| {{convert|498.5|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Africa]], [[Comoros Islands]]
|-
| {{flag|Montserrat}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:MS|MS]]<br>MST
| [[Geography of Montserrat|One main island]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|102|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 5,164
| {{convert|50.6|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|New Caledonia|local}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:NC|NC]]<br>NCL
| [[Geography of New Caledonia|Archipelago around one main island]]
| Continental shelf<ref group="n" name="Zealandia" />
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|18,275|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 260,166
| {{convert|14.2|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Melanesia]]
|-
| {{flag|Norfolk Island}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:NF|NF]]<br>NFK
| [[Outline of Norfolk Island|One main island]]
| Continental shelf<ref group="n" name="Zealandia" />
| {{flag|Australia}}
| {{convert|36|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 2,182
| {{convert|60.6|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Melanesia]]
|-
| {{flag|Northern Mariana Islands}}<ref group="n" name="territories"/>
| [[ISO 3166-2:MP|MP]]<br>MNP
| [[Mariana Islands|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{convert|464|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 51,395
| {{convert|111|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Micronesia]]
|-
| {{flag|Pitcairn Islands|name=Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:PN|PN]]<br>PCN
| [[Geography of the Pitcairn Islands|Archipelago]]
| Oceanic
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|47|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 48
| {{convert|1.0|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
|-
| {{flag|Puerto Rico}}<ref group="n" name="territories"/>
| [[ISO 3166-2:PR|PR]]<br>PRI
| [[Geography of Puerto Rico|Archipelago around one main island]] 
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{convert|8,868|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 3,203,295
| {{convert|361|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Greater Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Réunion|local}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:RE|RE]]<br>REU
| [[Geography of Réunion|One main island]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|2,512|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 893,500
| {{convert|330|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Indian Ocean]], [[Africa]], [[Mascarene Islands]]
|-
| {{flagdeco|San Andrés y Providencia}}
[[San Andrés and Providencia]]
| [[ISO 3166-2:CO|CO]]<br>COL
| Two archipelagos around two main islands of [[San Andrés (island)|San Andrés]] and [[Providencia Island, Colombia|Providencia]]
| Oceanic
| {{flag|Colombia}}
| {{convert|52,5|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 61,280
| {{convert|1,200|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]]
|-
| {{flag|Saint Barthélemy|local}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:BL|BL]]<br>BLM
| Archipelago around one main island
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|21|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 7,332
| {{convert|349|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:SH|SH]]<br>SHN
| Three main islands distant from each other of:<br />
{{flag|Saint Helena}}<br />{{flag|Ascension}}<br />{{flag|Tristan da Cunha}}
| Oceanic
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|308|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 7,728
| {{convert|25.1|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Atlantic Ocean]]
|-
| {{flagicon image|Local flag of the Collectivity of Saint Martin.svg}} [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]]
| [[ISO 3166-2:MF|MF]]<br>MAF
| Part of a larger island ([[Saint Martin (island)|Saint Martin]])
| Continental shelf 
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|54.4|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 30,959
| {{convert|569|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Saint Pierre and Miquelon|local}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:PM|PM]]<br>SPM
| [[Geography of Saint Pierre and Miquelon|Two main islands]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|242|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 5,831
| {{convert|24.1|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[North America]]
|-
| {{flag|Sint Maarten}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:SX|SX]]<br>SXM
| Part of a larger island ([[Saint Martin (island)|Saint Martin]])
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|Kingdom of the Netherlands|name=Netherlands}}
| {{convert|34|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 39,088
| {{convert|1,150|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:GS|GS]]<br>SGs
| [[South Georgia|One main island]] and neighbouring [[South Sandwich Islands|archipelago]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]<ref group="n" name="Argentina"/>
| {{convert|3,903|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 30
| {{convert|30|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Atlantic Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|Akrotiri and Dhekelia|name=Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (SBA)}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:GB|GB]]<br>GBR
| [[Geography of Cyprus|Parts of a larger island]] ([[Cyprus]])
| [[Continental shelf]]
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|254|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 15,700
| {{convert|61.8|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Mediterranean Sea]]
|-
| {{flag|Svalbard}}<ref group="n">Administered by Norway under the [[Svalbard Treaty]].</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:SJ|SJ]]<br>SJM
| [[Geography of Svalbard|Archipelago]] 
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|Norway}}
| {{convert|62,045|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 2,763
| {{convert|0.044|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Arctic Ocean]]
|-
| {{flag|Tokelau}}<ref group="n">Tokelau is a [[dependent territory]] of New Zealand.</ref>
| [[ISO 3166-2:TK|TK]]<br>TKL
| Archipelago
| Oceanic
| {{flagdeco|New Zealand}} [[Realm of New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| {{convert|12|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 1,368
| {{convert|114|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
|-
| {{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:TC|TC]]<br>TCA
| Archipelago of two island groups
| Continental shelf
| {{flagdeco|United Kingdom}} [[The Crown|United Kingdom]]
| {{convert|948|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 46,335
| {{convert|48.9|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[Lucayan Archipelago]]
|-
| {{flag|United States Minor Outlying Islands}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:UM|UM]]<br>UMI
| Loose scattered archipelago of eight [[Pacific]] [[insular areas]] with one Caribbean ([[Navassa Island]])
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{convert|41|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 300
| {{convert|7.3|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Micronesia]], [[Polynesia]], and [[Caribbean Sea]]
|-
| {{flag|U.S. Virgin Islands}}<ref group="n" name="territories"/>
| [[ISO 3166-2:VI|VI]]<br>VIR
| [[Geography of the United States Virgin Islands|Archipelago]]
| Continental shelf
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{convert|346|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 87,146<ref name="Islandareas">{{Cite web |title=2020 Island Areas Censuses: U.S. Virgin Islands |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2020/dec/2020-us-virgin-islands.html |access-date=8 January 2022 |website=United States Census Bureau |publisher=United States Department of Commerce |archive-date=January 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120165859/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2020/dec/2020-us-virgin-islands.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
| {{convert|252|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Caribbean Sea]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
|-
| {{flag|Wallis and Futuna|local}}
| [[ISO 3166-2:WF|WF]]<br>WLF
| Three main islands of:<br />
{{flag|Uvea}} [[Wallis (Wallis and Futuna)|(Wallis)]]<br />[[Hoorn Islands]] of [[Futuna (Wallis and Futuna)|Futuna]] and [[Alofi Island]]
| Oceanic 
| {{flag|France}}
| {{convert|264|km2|sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| 15,289
| {{convert|57.9|/km2|/sqmi|disp=table|sortable=on}}
| [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Polynesia]]
|}

==Former sovereign island nations and primarily island-based countries==
===Africa===
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em|

* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Anjouan_(1997-2012).svg}} [[State of Anjouan]] (1997–2008)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Grande_Comore.svg}} [[Sultanate of Bambao]] ([[Ngazidja]], 1886–1908)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Merina_Kingdom.svg}} [[Merina Kingdom]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Moh%C3%A9li.svg}} [[Mohéli]] (1997–1998)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Mwali_Sultanate.svg}} [[Mwali Sultanate]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Ndzuwani_Sultanate_(c._1850).svg}} [[Sultanate of Ndzuwani]]
* {{flag|Sultanate of Zanzibar}}
}}

===Asia===
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em|

*'''East Asia'''
** {{Flagicon image|Seal of Ezo.svg}} [[Republic of Ezo]]
** {{flag|Republic of Formosa}}
** {{flag|Empire of Japan}}, (1868-1910)<ref group="n" name ="Japan">By 1910, the Empire of Japan was restricted to the entire [[Japanese archipelago]], [[Southern Sakhalin]], [[Kuril Islands]] and [[Taiwan]], before its official [[annexation of Korea]]. The Japanese [[concessions in China]] including the [[Kwantung Leased Territory]] which acquired by Japan before 1905 were regarded as Chinese territories under foreign jurisdiction, they were not officially annexed by Japan and obliged to be returned under a fixed-term territorial lease by bilateral agreements.</ref>
** {{Flagicon image|Hidari mitsudomoe.svg}} [[Ryūkyū Kingdom]]
** [[Tamna]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag of Ming Cheng.svg}} [[Kingdom of Tungning]]
** [[Usan]]
** [[Yamatai]]
*'''Southeast Asia'''
** {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Aceh Sultanate.png}} [[Aceh Sultanate]]
** [[Aru Kingdom]]
** {{Flagicon image|Old_Flag_of_Bali.svg}} [[Bali Kingdom]]
** {{Flagicon image|Banjar_Sultanate_Flag.svg}} [[Sultanate of Banjar]]
** {{flag|Banten Sultanate}}
** [[Blambangan Kingdom]]
** {{Flagicon image|Old Flag of Brunei.svg}} [[Sultanate of Brunei]]
** [[Buton Sultanate]]
** [[Rajahnate of Butuan]]
** {{Flagicon image|Bendera Perang Kesultanan Cirebon.png}} [[Sultanate of Cirebon]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Deli.svg}} [[Sultanate of Deli]]
** [[Demak Sultanate]]
** [[Galuh Kingdom]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Sultanate_of_Gowa.svg}} [[Sultanate of Gowa]]
** [[Janggala]]
** [[Kediri Kingdom]]
** {{Flagicon image|Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg}} [[Lanfang Republic]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Maguindanao.svg}} [[Sultanate of Maguindanao]]
** [[Ma-i]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Majapahit Empire.svg}} [[Majapahit]]
** [[Mataram kingdom]]
** {{flag|Mataram Sultanate}}
** [[Maynila (historical polity)|Maynila]]
** [[Melayu Kingdom]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Minang.svg}} [[Pagaruyung Kingdom]]
** {{flag|First Philippine Republic}}
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg}} [[Pontianak Sultanate]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Riau-Lingga_Sultanate.svg}} [[Riau-Lingga Sultanate]]
** {{Flagicon image|Royal_Malay_Banner_(Yellow).svg}} [[Sultanate of Sambas]]
** {{flag|Raj of Sarawak}}
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Sultanate_of_Siak_Sri_Indrapura.svg}} [[Sultanate of Siak]]
** [[Kingdom of Singapura]]
** [[Singhasari]]
** [[Srivijaya]]
** [[Cebu (historical polity)|Sugbu]]
** {{Flagicon image|Late_19th_Century_Flag_of_Sulu.svg}} [[Sultanate of Sulu]]
** [[Sunda Kingdom]]
** [[Tarumanagara]]
** [[Sultanate of Ternate]]
** [[Sultanate of Tidore]]
*'''South Asia'''
** {{flagicon image|Flag of King Dutugemunu.svg}} [[Kingdom of Anuradhapura]]
** {{flagicon|Sri Lanka}} [[Dominion of Ceylon]] 
** [[Kingdom of Dambadeniya]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Raigama.svg}} [[Kingdom of Gampola]]
** {{flagicon|Jaffna Kingdom}} [[Jaffna Kingdom]]
** {{flagicon|Kingdom of Kandy}} [[Kingdom of Kandy]]
** {{flagicon|Kingdom of Kotte}} [[Kingdom of Kotte]]
** [[Kingdom of Polonnaruwa]]
** {{flagicon|Kingdom of Sitawaka}} [[Kingdom of Sitawaka]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_United_Suvadive_Republic.svg}} [[United Suvadive Republic]]
*'''Western Asia'''
** {{flagicon image|Flag of Ormus.png}} [[Kingdom of Ormus]]
}}

===Europe===
{{columns-list|colwidth=24em|

*'''Mediterranean Sea'''
** Archaic [[Greek city-states]]
*** [[Andros]]
*** [[Delos]]
*** [[Khios]]
*** [[Lesbos Island|Lesbos]]
*** [[Milos]]
*** [[Minoans]]
*** [[Pholegandros]]
*** [[Rhodes]]
*** [[Samos]]
*** [[Syracuse, Sicily]]
*** [[Zakynthos]]
** [[Lordship of Chios]]
** {{flagdeco|Corsica}} [[Kingdom of Corsica (1736)]]
** {{flagdeco|Corsica}} [[Corsican Republic]]
** {{flagdeco|Corsica}} [[Anglo-Corsican Kingdom]]
** [[Emirate of Crete]]
** {{flag|Cretan State}}
** {{flag|Kingdom of Cyprus}}
** [[Duchy of the Archipelago]]
** [[Principality of Elba]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies_(1816).svg}} [[Gozo (independent state)]]
** {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_(various).svg}} [[Hospitaller Malta]]
** {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_(various).svg}} [[Hospitaller Rhodes]]
** {{flagicon image|Bandera del Reino de Mallorca.svg}} [[Kingdom of Majorca]]
** [[Triarchy of Negroponte]]
** [[Sardinian Judicati]]
*** [[Judicate of Arborea]]
*** [[Judicate of Cagliari]]
*** [[Judicate of Gallura]]
*** [[Judicate of Logudoro]]
** {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Sassari_(1259%E2%80%931323).svg}} [[Republic of Sassari]]
** [[Emirate of Sicily]]
** {{flag|Kingdom of Sicily}}, (1282–1816)<ref group="n" name ="Sicily">
Before the outbreak of [[Sicilian Vespers]] in 1282, the Kingdom of Sicily encompassed both the [[island of Sicily]] and [[south Italy]]; [[War of the Sicilian Vespers|the war]] resulted the division of the kingdom into two parts as "Kingdom of Trinacria" (island part), and [[Kingdom of Naples]] (mainland part) which still officially called itself "Kingdom of Sicily". The two Sicilian kingdoms had since remained separate until 1816, when they remerged to form the [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]].</ref>

*'''North Europe & West Europe'''
** [[Dál Riata]]
** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg}} [[Commonwealth of England]] / {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_(1658-1660).svg}} [[Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland]]
** {{flagdeco|England}} [[Kingdom of England]]
** {{flag|Kingdom of Great Britain}}
** [[Heptarchy]] ([[Heptarchy#List of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms|seven kingdoms before the unification of England]])
** [[Kingdom of Mann and the Isles]]
** [[Commonwealth of Iceland]]
** {{flag|Kingdom of Iceland}}
** [[Gaelic Ireland#Gaelic kingdoms during the period|Gaelic Ireland]]
** {{Flagicon image|Banner_of_the_Lordship_of_Ireland.svg}} [[Lordship of Ireland|Norman Ireland]]
** {{flag|Kingdom of Ireland}}
** {{flagdeco|Ireland}} [[Irish Free State]]
** {{Flagicon image|Petropavlovsk-Krondstadt flag.svg}} [[Soviet Republic of Naissaar]]
** {{flagdeco|Scotland}} [[Kingdom of Scotland]] ([[Kingdom of Alba]] before the [[First War of Scottish Independence]])
** [[Kingdom of Strathclyde]]
** {{Flagicon image|Banner_of_Llywelyn_(Square).svg}} [[Principality of Wales]]
*** [[Brycheiniog]]
*** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Deheubarth.svg}} [[Kingdom of Deheubarth]]
*** [[Kingdom of Gwent]]
*** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Gwynedd.svg}} [[Kingdom of Gwynedd]]
*** [[Kingdom of Morgannwg]]
*** {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Powys.svg}} [[Kingdom of Powys]]
}}

===North America===
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em|

* {{flag|Republic of Anguilla}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Cuba (1902–1906).svg}} [[First Republic of Cuba]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Haiti_(1964–1986,_civil).svg}} [[First Empire of Haiti]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Haiti (1849–1859).svg}} [[Second Empire of Haiti]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Haiti_(1814–1820).svg}} [[Kingdom of Haiti]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Spanish_Haiti.svg}} [[Republic of Spanish Haiti]]
* {{flagicon image|Green_Cross_flag_of_Florida.svg}} [[Republic of the Floridas]]
* {{flag|West Indies Federation}}, (1958–1962)<ref group="n" name="West Indies">Dissolved in 1962 and then divided into Anguilla, Antigua, Barbados, Barbuda, the Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands.</ref>
}}

===Oceania===
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em|

* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Bora_Bora.svg}} [[Kingdom of Bora Bora]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Franceville.svg}} [[Franceville, New Hebrides]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Fiji (1871-1874).svg}} [[Kingdom of Fiji]]
* {{flag|Kingdom of Hawaii}}
* {{flagdeco|Kingdom of Hawaii}} [[Republic of Hawaii]]
* {{flagdeco|Bougainville}} [[Republic of the North Solomons]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Tahiti.svg}} [[Kingdom of Tahiti]]
* [[Tuʻi Tonga Empire]]
* [[Yapese Empire]]
}}

==Former colonies, possessions, protectorates, and other territories==
* [[Annobón]] (1474–1778), now part of [[Equatorial Guinea]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Governor of British Honduras (1884–1981).svg}} [[Bay Islands Department#Colony of the Bay Islands|Bay Islands]], now a department of [[Honduras]]
* {{Flagicon image|Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg}} [[Cape Breton Island]], now part of [[Nova Scotia]], [[Canada]]
* {{flagdeco|Denmark}} [[Danish West Indies]], now the [[United States Virgin Islands]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Spain (1785%E2%80%931873, 1875%E2%80%931931).svg}} [[Elobey, Annobón and Corisco]] (1843–1926) unified with the rest of Spanish Guinea
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Spain (1785%E2%80%931873, 1875%E2%80%931931).svg}} [[Bioko#History|Fernando Po]] (1778–1926)
* {{flagdeco|Hawaii}} The [[Territory of Hawaii]], now [[Hawaii]], a state of the [[United States]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_British_Heligoland.svg}} [[Heligoland#19th century|Heligoland]] (1807–1890)
* {{Flagicon image|Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg}} [[Hong Kong Island]] (1841–1860), now a part of [[Hong Kong]], a [[special administrative regions of China|special administrative region]] of [[China]]<ref group="n">The Crown Colony of Hong Kong covered only Hong Kong Island from 1841 to 1860. [[Kowloon]], south of [[Boundary Street]] on the continent, was added in 1860, and extended to include the [[New Territories]] in 1898.</ref>
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_United_States_of_the_Ionian_Islands.svg}} [[United States of the Ionian Islands]], protectorate of the United Kingdom.
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Septinsular_Republic.svg}} [[Septinsular Republic]], protectorate in the Ionian Islands under nominal Russo-Ottoman joint sovereignty.
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Labuan_(1912%E2%80%931946).svg}} [[Labuan Territory|Labuan]], briefly part of [[British North Borneo]], the [[Straits Settlements]] and [[Sabah]], now a [[Federal Territory (Malaysia)|federal territory]] of [[Malaysia]]
* {{Flagdeco|Mayotte|local}} [[Mayotte]], now an [[overseas departments and regions of France|overseas department and region]] of [[French Fifth Republic|France]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Great_Britain_(1707%E2%80%931800).svg}} [[Menorca#18th-19th centuries|Minorca]] (1713–1802)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Newfoundland 1862-1870.svg}} [[History of Newfoundland and Labrador#Colony of Newfoundland|Colony of Newfoundland]] (1583–1907)<ref group="n" name="Newfoundland">The colony covered the [[Newfoundland (island)|island of Newfoundland]] before 1809. In 1809, part of the [[Labrador Peninsula]] was transferred to Newfoundland from [[Lower Canada]]. In other words, before 1809, Newfoundland was an island colony. From 1809 onwards, the Colony of Newfoundland and, since 1907, the Dominion of Newfoundland had been an island plus [[Labrador]] (an area on the continent of [[North America]]).</ref>
* {{Flagdeco|New Hebrides}} [[New Hebrides]], now [[Vanuatu]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of North Borneo (1902%E2%80%931946).svg}} [[British North Borneo]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg}} [[Padang#History|Padang]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Great Britain (1707–1800; vertical).svg}} [[Penang Island|Prince of Wales Island]] between 1786 and 1800, at that point joined by Province Wellesley (now Seberang Perai). Now as the state of Penang in the Malaysian federation.
* {{Flagicon image|Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg}} [[Prince Edward Island]], now a province of Canada
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_England.svg}} The [[Providence Island colony]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg}} [[colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands|Queen Charlotte Islands]]
* {{Flagdeco|Réunion|local}} [[Réunion]], now an overseas department and region of France
* {{flag|Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla}}, former British overseas territory dissolved in 1983.
* [[Socotra Governorate|Socotra Archipelago]], now a [[governorates of Yemen|governorate]] of [[Yemen]]
* {{Flagicon image|Van Diemen's Land Unofficial Merchant Ensign before 1875.svg}} [[Tasmania]], now a state of Australia, shares a land boundary with [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] on [[Boundary Islet]]
* {{Flagicon image|Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg}} [[Vancouver Island]], now a part of [[British Columbia]], Canada
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Zanzibar (January-April 1964).svg}} [[People's Republic of Zanzibar]], now a member of the [[Tanzania|United Republic of Tanzania]].

==Island countries with man-made fixed links to continents==
*{{flag|Bahrain}} to {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} via the [[King Fahd Causeway]]
*{{flag|Singapore}} to {{flag|Malaysia}} via the [[Johor–Singapore Causeway]] since 1924, with the [[Malaysia–Singapore Second Link|Tuas Second Link]] added in 1998
*{{flag|United Kingdom}} to {{flag|France}} via the [[Channel Tunnel]]
==See also==
{{Portal|Countries|Islands}}
* [[Archipelagic state]]
* [[List of archipelagos]]
* [[List of Caribbean countries by population]]
* [[List of countries that border only one other country]]
* [[List of divided islands]]
* [[Lists of islands]]
* [[List of islands by area]]
* [[List of islands by population]]
* [[List of islands by population density]]
* [[List of Oceanian countries by population]]
* [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania]]
* [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Indian Ocean]]
* [[Small Island Developing States]]
* [[Thalassocracy]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group="n"}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.worldislandinfo.com/SUPERLATIVESV2.html Island superlatives]

{{Lists of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Island Countries, List Of}}
[[Category:Human geography]]
[[Category:Island countries|*]]
[[Category:Lists of countries by geography]]
[[Category:Lists of countries by population density]]
[[Category:Lists of islands|Countries]]