View source for List of communist parties

{{Short description|none}}
{{Update|date=January 2024}}
[[File:Nations-with-communist-parties-Sep-2025.svg|thumb|400px|alt=Map of nations with communist parties as of September 2025|
Nations with communist parties in power as of September 2025
<br>{{Legend0|#660000ff|Party is ruling in a [[communist state]]}}
<br>{{Legend0|#cc0000ff|Party is part of ruling coalition}}<br>{{Legend0|#ff9999ff|Party is part of main opposition}}
]]
{{Communism sidebar}}There are a number of [[communist parties]] active in various countries across the world and a number that used to be active. They differ not only in method, but also in strict ideology and interpretation, although they are generally within the tradition of [[Marxism–Leninism]].

The formation of communist parties in various countries was first initiated by the Russian [[Bolsheviks]] within the [[Communist International]]. Since then, communist parties have governed numerous countries, whether as ruling parties in [[one-party state]]s like the [[Chinese Communist Party]] or the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]], or as ruling parties in [[multi-party system]]s, including majority and minority governments as well as leading or being part of several coalitions.

Many other communist parties did not govern any country, but did govern a state or region within a country. Others have also been represented in national, state, or regional [[parliament]]s. Some communist parties and [[List of communist ideologies|schools of thought]] reject [[parliamentarism]], instead advocating insurrection or [[social revolution]] as well as [[workers' council]]s.

== Officially ruling in communist states ==
In the following countries, communist parties either lead the ruling coalition or hold monopoly on state power as defined by their respective country's constitutions.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country
! colspan=2 | Logo
! Name
! Abbr.
! [[General Secretary of the Communist Party|Leader]]
! Founded
! Ideology
! Legislature
! Notes
|-
| {{flag|China}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of China}}
| [[File:Danghui.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of China]]<br /><small>{{lang|zh-hans|中国共产党}}</small>
| CPC<br /><small>{{lang|zh|中共}}</small>
| [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party|General Secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]]
| data-sort-value="1921-07-01"|{{Start date|1921|7|1|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]
| [[National People's Congress|NPC]]: {{Composition bar|2103|2980|{{party color|Communist Party of Italy}}}}
|
|-
| {{flagcountry|Cuba}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Cuba}}
|
| [[Communist Party of Cuba]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Cuba}}</small>
| PCC
| [[First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba|First Secretary]] [[Miguel Díaz-Canel]]
| data-sort-value="1965-10-03"|{{Start date|1965|10|3|df=yes}}
| {{Nowrap|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Castroism]]<br>[[Guevarism]]}}
| [[National Assembly of People's Power|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|442|470|{{party color|Communist Party of Cuba}}}}
| Leads the [[Committees for the Defense of the Revolution]].
|-
| {{flagcountry|Laos}}
| {{party color cell|Lao People's Revolutionary Party}}
| [[File:LPRP logo.svg|60px]]
| [[Lao People's Revolutionary Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|lo|ພັກປະຊາຊົນປະຕິວັດລາວ}}</small>
| LPRP<br /><small>{{lang|lo|ພປປລ}}</small>
| [[General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party|General Secretary]] [[Thongloun Sisoulith]]
| data-sort-value="1955-05-22"|{{Start date|1955|5|22|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Kaysone Phomvihane Thought]]
| [[National Assembly of Laos|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|158|164|{{party color|Lao People's Revolutionary Party}}}}
| Leads the [[Lao Front for National Development]].
|-
| {{nowrap|{{flagcountry|North Korea}}}}
| {{party color cell|Workers' Party of Korea}}
| [[File:WPK symbol.svg|60px]]
| [[Workers' Party of Korea]]<br /><small>{{lang|ko|조선로동당}}</small>
| WPK<br /><small>{{lang|ko|로동당}}</small>
| [[General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea|General Secretary]] [[Kim Jong Un]]
| data-sort-value="1948-06-24"|{{Start date|1948|6|24|df=yes}}
| [[Communism]]<br>[[Juche]]<br>[[Korean nationalism]]
| [[Supreme People's Assembly|SPA]]: {{Composition bar|607|687|{{party color|Workers' Party of Korea}}}}
|
|-
| {{flagcountry|Vietnam}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Vietnam}}
| [[File:Communist Party of Vietnam flag logo.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Vietnam]]<br /><small>{{lang|vi|Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam}}</small>
| CPV<br /><small>{{lang|vi|ĐCSVN}}</small>
| [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam|General Secretary]] [[Tô Lâm]]
| data-sort-value="1930-02-03"|{{Start date|1930|2|3|df=yes}}
| {{Nowrap|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Vietnamese nationalism]]}}
| [[National Assembly (Vietnam)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|485|499|{{party color|Communist Party of Vietnam}}}}
| Leads the [[Vietnamese Fatherland Front]].
|}

== Ruling or part of ruling coalition in multi-party states ==
{{Update|Nepal|date=September 2025}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country
! colspan=2 | Logo
! Name
! Abbr.
! [[General Secretary of the Communist Party|Leader]]
! Founded
! Ideology
! Legislature
! Notes
|-
| {{flagcountry|Belarus}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Belarus}}
|[[File:Эмблема КПБ.jpg|59x59px]]
| [[Communist Party of Belarus]]<br /><small>{{lang|be|Камуністычная партыя Беларусі}}</small>
| CPB<br /><small>{{lang|be|КПБ}}</small>
| [[Aliaksiej Sokal]]
| data-sort-value="1996-11-02"|{{Start date|1996|11|2|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br>{{nowrap|[[Union State|Belarusian–Russian unionism]]}}<br/>Pro-[[Alexander Lukashenko|Lukashenko]]
| [[House of Representatives (Belarus)|Lower House]]: {{Composition bar|7|110|{{party color|Communist Party of Belarus}}}}
| Supports the government of president [[Alexander Lukashenko]]
|-
|{{flagcountry|Brazil}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Brazil}}
|[[File:PCdoB logo.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Brazil]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista do Brasil}}</small>
|PCdoB
|[[:es:Luciana Santos|Luciana Santos]]
|data-sort-value="1922-03-25"|{{Start date|1922|03|25|df=yes}}
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Lower House]]:
{{composition bar|6|513|hex={{party color|Communist Party of Brazil}}}}
|Member of the ruling federation, [[Brazil of Hope]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Chile}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Chile}}
| [[File:Partido Comunista de Chile.svg|60x60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Chile]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Chile}}</small>
| PCCh
| [[Lautaro Carmona]]
| data-sort-value="1912-06-04"|{{Start date|1912|6|4|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Left-wing populism]]
| [[Chamber of Deputies of Chile|Lower House]]: {{composition bar|12|155|hex=#dd232c}}
| Member of the ruling ''[[Apruebo Dignidad]]'' coalition
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flagcountry|Colombia}}
|{{party color cell|Colombian Communist Party}}
|[[File:Partido Comunista Colombiano.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Colombian Communist Party]]<br><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Colombiano}}</small>
|PCC
|Jaime Caycedo
| data-sort-value="1930"|{{Start date|1930|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Bolivarianism]]
| [[Chamber of Representatives of Colombia|Lower House]]: {{Composition bar|0|188|{{party color|Colombian Communist Party}}}}
[[Senate of Colombia|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|108|{{party color|Colombian Communist Party}}}}
| rowspan="2" |Member of the ruling [[Historic Pact for Colombia]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Common Alternative Revolutionary Force}}
|[[File:ComunesColombia (1).png|60x60px]]
|[[Commons (Colombian political party)|Commons]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Comunes}}</small>
|
|[[Timoleón Jiménez]]
| data-sort-value="2017-09-01"|{{Start date|2017|09|1|df=yes}}
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Bolivarianism]]
||[[Chamber of Representatives of Colombia|Lower House]]: {{Composition bar|5|188|{{party color|Common Alternative Revolutionary Force}}}}
[[Senate of Colombia|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|5|108|{{party color|Common Alternative Revolutionary Force}}}}
|-
| {{flagcountry|Nepal}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)}}
| [[File:Nepal Communist Party.svg|60x60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
| CPN (UML)
| [[KP Sharma Oli]]
| data-sort-value="1991-01-06"|{{Start date|1991|1|6|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[People's Multiparty Democracy]]
| [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|Pratinidhi Sabha]]: {{Composition bar|79|275| {{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)}}}}
[[National Assembly (Nepal)|Rastriya Sabha]]: {{Composition bar|17|59| {{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)}}}}
|
|-
| rowspan=3 | {{flagcountry|Palestine}}
| {{party color cell|Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine}}
|
| [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين}}</small>
| PFLP
| [[Ahmad Sa'adat]]
| data-sort-value="1967-12-11"|{{Start date|1967|12|11|df=yes}}
| [[Palestinian nationalism]]<br/>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Revolutionary socialism]]<br/>[[One-state solution]]<br/>[[Anti-zionism|Anti-Zionism]]<br/>[[Arab nationalism]]
| [[Palestinian Legislative Council|Legislative Council]]: {{Composition bar|3|132|{{party color|Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine}}}}
| rowspan=3 | Member of the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine}}
| [[File:Flag of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine.svg|60x60px]]
| [[Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين}}</small>
| DFLP
| [[Nayef Hawatmeh]]
| data-sort-value="1969-2-22"|{{Start date|1969|2|22|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]<br />[[Palestinian nationalism]]<br />[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br />[[Anti-Zionism]]
| [[Palestinian Legislative Council|Legislative Council]]: {{Composition bar|1|132|{{party color|Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Palestinian People's Party}}
| [[File:Palestinian People's Party.png|60x60px]]
| [[Palestinian People's Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|حزب الشعب الفلسطيني}}</small>
| PPP
| [[Bassam Al-Salhi]]
| data-sort-value="1982-02"|{{Start date|1982|2||df=yes}}
| [[Marxism]]<br>[[Palestinian nationalism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
| [[Palestinian Legislative Council|Legislative Council]]: {{Composition bar|1|132|{{party color|Palestinian People's Party}}}}
|-
| {{nowrap|{{flagcountry|South Africa}}}}
| {{party color cell|South African Communist Party}}
| [[File:Emblem of the South African Communist Party.svg|60px]]
| [[South African Communist Party]]
| SACP
| [[Blade Nzimande]]
| data-sort-value="1921-02-12"|{{Start date|1921|2|12|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
| [[National Assembly of South Africa|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|400|{{party color|South African Communist Party}}}}
| Participates in the ruling [[Tripartite Alliance]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Spain}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Spain}}
| [[File:Pce 2014.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Spain]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de España}}</small>
| PCE
| [[Enrique Santiago]]
| data-sort-value="1921-11-14"|{{Start date|1921|11|14|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Republicanism]]<br/>[[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]]<br/>[[Federalism]]
| [[Congress of Deputies|Lower House]]: {{Composition bar|7|350|{{party color|Communist Party of Spain}}}}
| Member of [[United Left (Spain)|United Left]], which participates in the [[PSOE]]–[[Sumar (electoral alliance)|Sumar]] coalition government
|-
|{{flagcountry|Sri Lanka}}
|{{Party color cell|Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna}}
|[[File:Communist Hammer and Sickle flag.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna]]<br><small>{{lang|sn|ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ}}</small>
|JVP
|[[Anura Kumara Dissanayake]]
|14 May 1965
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Progressivism]]
|[[Parliament of Sri Lanka|Parliament]]:{{Composition bar|159|225|{{party color|Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna}}}}
|Main constituent of the ruling [[National People's Power]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{flagcountry|Uruguay}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Uruguay}}
| [[File:Hammer&SickleFlag02.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Uruguay]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista del Uruguay}}</small>
| PCU
| [[Juan Castillo (Uruguayan politician)|Juan Castillo]]
| {{Start date|1920|9|19|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]]
| [[Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay|Lower House]]: {{Composition bar|6|99|{{party color|Communist Party of Uruguay}}}}
| rowspan="2" | Member of the  [[Broad Front (Uruguay)|Broad Front]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Partido por la Victoria del Pueblo}}
|[[File:BanderaPVP.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Partido por la Victoria del Pueblo|People's Victory Party]]<br/><small>{{lang|es|Partido por la Victoria del Pueblo}}</small>
|PVP
|
|July 1975
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Guevarism]]<br/>[[Libertarian socialism]]<br/>[[Anti-capitalism]]<br/>[[Anti-authoritarianism]]
|[[Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay|Lower House]]:
{{Composition bar|1|99|{{party color|Partido por la Victoria del Pueblo}}}}
|-
| rowspan=3 |{{flag country|Venezuela}}
| {{party color cell|Tupamaro (Venezuela)}}
| [[File:Tupamaro Venezuela logo.png|60px]]
|  [[Tupamaro (Venezuela)|Revolutionary Movement Tupamaro]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Movimiento Revolucionario Tupamaro}}</small>
| MRT
| Oswaldo Jiménez
| data-sort-value="1992"|{{Start date|1992|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Guevarism]]<br/>[[Foco theory]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
| [[National Assembly of Venezuela|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|7|277|{{party color|Tupamaro (Venezuela)}}}}
| rowspan=3 |Participates in the ruling [[Great Patriotic Pole]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Venezuelan Popular Unity}}
| 
|  [[Venezuelan Popular Unity]]<br/><small>{{lang|es|Unidad Popular Venezolana}}<br /></small>
| UPV
| [[Lina Ron]]
| data-sort-value="2004-02-06"|{{Start date|2004|2|6|df=yes}}
| [[Bolivarianism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br/>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br/>[[Marxism]]
| [[National Assembly of Venezuela|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|2|277|{{party color|Venezuelan Popular Unity}}}}
|-
| style="background-color: #E44D2E" |
| 
| [[Venezuelan Revolutionary Currents]]<br/><small>{{lang|es|Corrientes Revolucionarias Venezolanas}}<br /></small>
| CRV
| {{ill|Ramsés Augusto Reyes Colmenares|es|Ramsés Augusto Reyes Colmenares}}
| data-sort-value="2000"|{{Start date|2000|df=yes}}
| [[Guevarism]]<br>[[Chavismo]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
| [[National Assembly of Venezuela|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|277|}}
|}

==Main opposition or part of main opposition coalition==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country
! colspan=2 | Logo
! Name
! Abbr.
! [[General Secretary of the Communist Party|Leader]]
! Founded
! Ideology
! Legislature
! Notes
|-
|{{flagcountry|Argentina}}
|{{party color cell|Revolutionary Communist Party (Argentina)}}
| [[File:Pcrcolor_0.svg|60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party (Argentina)|Revolutionary Communist Party]]
|PCR
|Otto Vargas
|
|
|
|Member of the [[Unión por la Patria]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Cyprus}}
| {{party color cell|Progressive Party of Working People}}
| [[File:AKEL Logo.png|60px]]
| [[Progressive Party of Working People]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Anorthotikó Kómma Ergazómenou Laoú}}</small>
| AKEL
| [[Stefanos Stefanou (politician)|Stefanos Stefanou]]
| {{Start date|1926|8|15|df=yes}}
| {{Nowrap|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Cypriot nationalism]]<br/>[[Federalism]]<br/>[[Soft Euroscepticism]]}}
| [[House of Representatives (Cyprus)|House of Representatives]]: {{composition bar|15|56|hex=#dd232c}}
| 
|-
|{{flagcountry|France}}
|{{party color cell|French Communist Party}}
|[[File:Logo – Parti communiste français (2018).svg|60x60px]]
|[[French Communist Party]]<br><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste français}}</small>
|PCF
|[[Fabien Roussel]]
|30 December 1920
|[[Communism]]<br/>[[Soft Euroscepticism]]
|[[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|12|577|hex=#dd232c}}
|Member of the non-ruling [[New Popular Front]]{{composition bar|180|577|hex=#dd232c}}
|-
| rowspan="6" |{{flagcountry|India}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|[[File:Cpm election symbol.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|CPI(M)
|[[M. A. Baby]]
|
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Rajya Sabha]]: {{composition bar|5|245|hex=#dd232c}}
[[Lok Sabha]]: {{composition bar|4|543|hex=#dd232c}}
|Member of non-organisational bloc [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[File:CPI_symbol.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|CPI
|[[D. Raja]]
|
|[[Marxism]]
|[[Rajya Sabha]]: {{composition bar|2|245|hex=#dd232c}}
[[Lok Sabha]]: {{composition bar|2|543|hex=#dd232c}}
| rowspan="5" |Member of non-organisational bloc [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation}}
|[[File:Flag_Logo_of_CPIML.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]]
|CPIML-L
|[[Dipankar Bhattacharya]]
|
| rowspan="3" |[[Marxism]]
[[Communism]]<br />[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Lok Sabha]]: {{composition bar|2|543|hex=#dd232c}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}
| [[File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Spade_and_Stoker.png|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
|RSP
|[[Manoj Bhattacharya]]
|
|[[Lok Sabha]]:{{composition bar|1|543|hex=#dd232c}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}
|[[File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Lion.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Peasants and Workers Party of India]]
|PWP
|[[Jayant Patil]]
|
|
|-
|{{party color cell|All India Forward Bloc}}
|
|[[All India Forward Bloc]]
|AIFB
|Naren Chatterjee
|
|[[Socialism]]
[[Communism]]
[[Left-wing nationalism]]
[[Marxism]]
|
|-
| {{nowrap|{{flagcountry|Moldova}}}}
| {{party color cell|Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova}}
| [[File:Logo of the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova.svg|60px]]
| [[Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova}}</small>
| PCRM
| [[Vladimir Voronin]]
| {{Start date|1993|10|19|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Moldovenism]]<br/>[[Social conservatism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br/>[[Russophilia]]
| [[Parliament of Moldova|Parliament]]: {{composition bar|10|101|hex=#dd232c}}
| Member of [[Electoral Bloc of Communists and Socialists|BECS]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{flagcountry|Nepal}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)}}
| [[File:Logo of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre).png|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र)}}</small>
| CPN (Maoist)<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेकपा (माओवादी)}}</small>
| [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]
| data-sort-value="1994" |{{Start date|1994|||df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path|Prachanda Path]]<br />[[Left-wing nationalism]]
| [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|32|275|{{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)}}}}
|rowspan="2"|Members of the [[Socialist Front (Nepal)|Socialist Front]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)}}
|
| [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत-समाजवादी)}}</small>
| {{nowrap|CPN (Unified Socialist)<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नकप (एकीकृत-समाजवादी)}}</small>}}
| {{nowrap|[[Madhav Kumar Nepal]]}}
| data-sort-value="2021-08-18"|{{Start date|2021|8|18|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[People's Multiparty Democracy]]
| [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|10|275|{{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)}}}}
|-
| {{flagcountry|Russia}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}
| [[File:KPRF Logo.svg|60x60px]]
| [[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунистическая Партия Российской Федерации}}</small>
| CPRF
| [[Gennady Zyuganov]]
| {{Start date|1993|2|14|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Social conservatism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br/>[[Neo-Stalinism]]
| [[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|57|450|hex={{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|4|178|hex={{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}}}
| Supports some stances of the government of president [[Vladimir Putin]], especially during the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]]
|-
|{{flagcountry|Transnistria}}
|{{party color cell|Transnistrian Communist Party}}
|
|[[Transnistrian Communist Party]]<br>Приднестровская коммунистическая партия
|PKP
|[[Nadezhda Bondarenko]]
|
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|
|No members in parliament but only opposition party with the second position in the votes
|}

== Formerly ruling ==

=== One-party system ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country
! colspan=2 | Logo
! Name
! Abbr.
! [[General Secretary of the Communist Party|Leaders]]
! Founded
! Dissolved
! Ideology
! Notes
|-
| {{flagcountry|Afghanistan|1978}}<br>{{small|([[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan|1978–1992]])}}
| {{party color cell|People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan}}
| [[File:Emblem of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan.svg|60px]]
| [[People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan]]<br /><small>{{lang|prs|حزب دموکراتيک خلق افغانستان}}<br>{{lang|ps|د افغانستان د خلق دموکراټیک ګوند}}</small>
| PDPA
| [[Nur Muhammad Taraki]] (first)<br>[[Mohammad Najibullah]] (last)
| {{Start date|1965|1|1|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1992|4|16|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br>[[Secularism]]<br/>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism in 1987, [[Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)|deposed in 1992]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Albania|1946}}<br>{{small|([[People's Socialist Republic of Albania|1946–1992]])}}
| {{party color cell|People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan}}
|
| [[Party of Labour of Albania]]<br /><small>{{lang|sh|Partia e Punës e Shqipërisë}}</small>
| PPSh
| [[Enver Hoxha]] (first)<br>[[Ramiz Alia]] (last)
| {{Start date|1941|11|8|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1991|6|13|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]] in 1991; now known as the [[Socialist Party of Albania|PSSh]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Angola}}<br>{{small|([[People's Republic of Angola|1975–1992]])}}
| {{party color cell|MPLA}}
| [[File:Logo of the MPLA (Angola).svg|60px]]
| [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt|Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola}}</small>
| MPLA
| [[Agostinho Neto]] (first)<br>[[João Lourenço]] (current)
| {{Start date|1956|12|10|df=yes}}
| 
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]]
|-
| {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Azerbaijan People's Government.svg}} [[Azerbaijan People's Government]]<br>{{small|(1945–1946)}}
| style="background-color: #E81123" |
| [[File:Coat of arms of Azerbaijan People's Government.svg|60px]]
| [[Azerbaijani Democratic Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|az|Azərbaycan Demokrat Firqəsi}}<br />{{lang|fa|فرقه دموکرات آذربایجان}}<</small>
| ADP<br /><small>{{lang|az|ADF}}<br />{{lang|fa|فدآ}}<</small>
| [[Ja'far Pishevari]]
| {{Start date|1945|9|3|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1960|||df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Azerbaijani nationalism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Pan-Turkism]]
| Ceased to exist in exile
|-
| {{flagcountry|Benin|1975}}<br>{{small|([[People's Republic of Benin|1975–1990]])}}
| {{party color cell|People's Revolutionary Party of Benin}}
| [[File:Flag of PRPB.svg|60px]]
| [[People's Revolutionary Party of Benin]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti de la révolution populaire du Bénin}}</small>
| PRPB
| [[Mathieu Kérékou]]
| {{Start date|1975|11|30|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1990|4|30|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Scientific socialism]]<br/>Beninese [[nationalism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]]; now known as the [[Union of Forces of Progress (Benin)|UFP]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Bulgaria|1971}}<br>{{small|([[People's Republic of Bulgaria|1946–1990]])}}
| {{party color cell|Bulgarian Communist Party}}
| [[File:LogoBKP.svg|60px]]
| [[Bulgarian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|bg|Българска комунистическа партия}}</small>
| PRPB<br /><small>{{lang|bg|БКП}}</small>
| [[Dimitar Blagoev]] (first)<br>[[Aleksandar Lilov]] (last)
| {{Start date|1919|5|27|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1990|4|3|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]] <small>(until 1956)</small>
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]]; now known as the [[Bulgarian Socialist Party|BSP]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Cambodia|1975}}<br>{{small|([[Democratic Kampuchea|1975–1979]])}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Kampuchea}}
| [[File:Emblem of the Communist Party of Kampuchea.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Kampuchea]]<br /><small>{{lang|km|បក្សកុម្មុយនីស្តកម្ពុជា}}</small>
| CPK<br /><small>{{lang|km|ប.ក.ក}}</small>
| [[Tou Samouth]] (first)<br>[[Pol Pot]] (last)
| {{Start date|1960|9|30|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1981|12|6|df=yes}}
| [[Maoism]]<br>[[Khmer nationalism]]<br>[[Agrarianism]]<br>[[Anti-intellectualism]]<br>[[Autarky]]
| Succeeded by the exiled, non-ruling and now-defunct [[Party of Democratic Kampuchea]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Cambodia|1979}}<br>{{small|([[People's Republic of Kampuchea|1979–1992]])}}
| style="background-color: #DA121A" |
| [[File:Flag of the People's Republic of Kampuchea.svg|60px]]
| [[Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|km|គណបក្សប្រជាជនបដិវត្តន៍កម្ពុជា}}</small>
| KPRP
| [[Pen Sovan]] (first)<br>[[Heng Samrin]] (last)
| {{Start date|1951|6|28|df=yes}}<br> {{Start date|1979|1|5|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1991|10|17|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Revisionism (Marxism)|Revisionism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[centrism]]; now known as the [[Cambodian People's Party|CPP]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Congo|1970}}<br>{{small|([[People's Republic of the Congo|1979–1992]])}}
| {{party color cell|Congolese Party of Labour}}
| [[File:Roundel of Congo 1970.svg|60px]]
| [[Congolese Party of Labour]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti congolais du travail}}</small>
| PCT
| [[Marien Ngouabi]] (first)<br>[[Denis Sassou Nguesso]] (current)
| {{Start date|1969|12|29|df=yes}}
|
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Scientific socialism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Croatia|1947}}<br>{{small|([[Socialist Republic of Croatia|1945–1990]])}}
| {{party color cell|League of Communists of Croatia}}
| [[File:Emblem of the SKH.svg|60px]]
| [[League of Communists of Croatia]]<br /><small>{{lang|sh|Savez komunista Hrvatske}}</small>
| SKH
| [[Pavle Gregorić]] (first)<br>[[Ivica Račan]] (last)
| {{Start date|1937|8|1|df=yes}}
|{{End date|1990|11|3|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Titoism]] {{small|(from 1948)}}
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism and [[Titoism]] for [[social democracy]] in 1989–1990; now known as the [[Social Democratic Party of Croatia|SDP]]
|-
| {{nowrap|{{flagcountry|Czechoslovakia|1948}}}}<br>{{small|([[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|1948–1990]])}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Czechoslovakia}}
| [[File:Emblem of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]<br /><small>{{lang|ch|Komunistická strana Československa}}</small>
| KSČ
| [[Václav Šturc]] (first)<br>[[Ladislav Adamec]] (last)
| {{Start date|1921|5|16|df=yes}}
|{{End date|1992|11|3|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Socialism with a human face]] {{small|(1968)}}<br>[[Husakism]] {{small|(1969–1989)}}
| Split into the non-ruling [[Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia|KSČM]] and the [[social democratic]] [[Party of the Democratic Left (Slovakia)|SDL]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Ethiopia|1975-state}}<br>{{small|([[Derg|1979–1984]])}}
| {{party color cell|Workers' Party of Ethiopia}}
| 
| [[Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia]]<br /><small>{{lang|am|የኢትዮጵያ የሥራ ሕዝብ ፓርቲ የማደራጀት ኮሚሽን}}</small>
| COPWE
| rowspan=2| [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]]
| {{Start date|1979|12|17|df=yes}}
|{{End date|1984|9|12|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]
| Succeeded by the [[Workers' Party of Ethiopia|WPE]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Ethiopia|1987}}<br>{{small|([[People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia|1984–1991]])}}
| {{party color cell|Workers' Party of Ethiopia}}
| [[File:Workers' Party of Ethiopia Logo.png|60px]]
| [[Workers' Party of Ethiopia]]<br /><small>{{lang|am|የኢትዮጵያ ሠራተኞች ፓርቲ}}</small>
| WPE<br /><small>{{lang|am|የሠፓ}}</small>
| {{Start date|1984|9|12|df=yes}}
|{{End date|1991|5|21|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]
| [[Ethiopian Civil War|Deposed in 1991]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|East Germany|1959}}<br>{{small|(1949–1989)}}
| {{party color cell|Socialist Unity Party of Germany}}
| [[File:Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands Logo.svg|60px]]
| [[Socialist Unity Party of Germany]]<br /><small>{{lang|de|Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands}}</small>
| SED
| [[Wilhelm Pieck]] & [[Otto Grotewohl]] (first)<br>[[Egon Krenz]] (last)
| {{Start date|1946|4|21|df=yes}}
|{{End date|1989|12|16|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Socialist patriotism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]] <small>(until 1956)</small>
| Became the [[Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany)|PDS]], part of [[The Left (Germany)|The Left]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Greece|otto}}<br>{{small|([[Political Committee of National Liberation|1944]], [[Provisional Democratic Government|1947–1949]])}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Greece}}
| [[File:Kke.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Greece]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας}}</small>
| KKE<br /><small>{{lang|el|ΚΚΕ}}</small>
| [[Avraam Benaroya]] (first)<br>[[Dimitris Koutsoumpas]] (current)
| {{Start date|1918|11|17|df=yes}}
|
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Proletarian internationalism|Internationalism]]<br/>[[Anti-capitalism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism]]
| Overthrown during the [[Greek Civil War]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Grenada|1979}}<br>{{small|([[People's Revolutionary Government (Grenada)|1979–1983]])}}
| {{party color cell|New Jewel Movement}}
|
| [[New Jewel Movement]]
| NJM
| [[Maurice Bishop]]
| {{Start date|1973|3|11|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1983|10|29|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[State atheism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]<br>[[Republicanism]]<br/>[[Left-wing populism]]<br/>[[Pan-Africanism]]<br/>[[Anti-colonialism]]
| Lost power and ceased to exist after an [[Grenada 17|internal party split]], a military coup, and the [[United States invasion of Grenada|American invasion]].<br/> Succeeded by the [[Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement|MBPM]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Hungary|1919}}<br>{{small|([[Hungarian Soviet Republic|1919]])}}
| rowspan=2 {{party color cell|Hungarian Communist Party}}
| [[File:Logo of the Party of Communists in Hungary.svg|60px]]
| rowspan=2| [[Hungarian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|hu|Magyar Kommunista Párt}}</small>
| rowspan=2| MKP
| rowspan=2| [[Béla Kun]] (first)<br>[[Mátyás Rákosi]] (last)
| rowspan=2| {{Start date|1918|11|24|df=yes}}
| rowspan=2| {{End date|1948|7|22|df=yes}}
| rowspan=2| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[State atheism]]<br>{{nowrap|[[Revolutionary socialism]]}}<br>[[Republicanism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]
| Deposed in [[Hungarian–Romanian War|August 1919]]
|-
| rowspan=3| {{flagcountry|Hungary|1957}}<br>{{small|([[Hungarian People's Republic|1948–1989]])}}
| [[File:Logo of the Hungarian Communist Party.svg|60px]]
| Merged with the [[Social Democratic Party of Hungary|MSZDP]] into the [[Hungarian Working People's Party|MDP]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Hungarian Working People's Party}}
| [[File:Logo of the Hungarian Working People's Party.svg|60px]]
| [[Hungarian Working People's Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|hu|Magyar Dolgozók Pártja}}</small>
| MDP
| [[Mátyás Rákosi]] (first)<br>[[János Kádár]] (last)
| {{Start date|1948|7|22|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1956|10|31|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]
| Reorganized into the [[Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party|MSZMP]] during the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956|1956 Hungarian Revolution]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Hungarian Working People's Party}}
| [[File:Logo of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1989-1993).svg|60px]]
| [[Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|hu|Magyar Szocialista Munkáspárt}}</small>
| MSZMP
| [[János Kádár]] (first)<br>[[Rezső Nyers]] (last)
| {{Start date|1956|10|31|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1989|10|7|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Kádárism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]]; now known as the [[Hungarian Socialist Party|MSZP]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Mongolia|1945}}<br>{{small|([[Mongolian People's Republic|1921–1992]])}}
| {{party color cell|Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party}}
| [[File:Logo_of_the_Mongolian_People's_Party.svg|60px]]
| [[Mongolian People's Party|Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|mn|Монгол Ардын Хувьсгалт Нам}}</small>
| MAKhN<br /><small>{{lang|mn|МАХН}}</small>
| [[Damdin Sükhbaatar]] (first)<br>[[Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene]] (current)
| {{Start date|1920|6|25|df=yes}}
|
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]] <small>(1928–1956)</small>
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Mozambique|1983}}<br>{{small|([[People's Republic of Mozambique|1975–1990]])}}
| {{party color cell|FRELIMO}}
| [[File:Partido FRELIMO Emblem.svg|60px]]
| [[FRELIMO|FRELIMO Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt|Partido FRELIMO}}</small>
| FRELIMO
| [[Eduardo Mondlane]] (first)<br>[[Filipe Nyusi]] (current)
| {{Start date|1962|6|25|df=yes}}
|
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[democratic socialism]]
|-
| rowspan=2| {{flagcountry|Poland|1928}}<br>{{small|([[Polish People's Republic|1944–1989]])}}
| {{party color cell|Polish Workers' Party}}
| [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|60px]]
| [[Polish Workers' Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pl|Polska Partia Robotnicza}}</small>
| PPR
| [[Władysław Gomułka]]
| {{Start date|1942|1|5|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1948|12|16|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]
| Merged with the [[Polish Socialist Party|PPS]] to form the [[Polish United Workers' Party|PZPR]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Polish United Workers' Party}}
| [[File:POL PZPR logo.svg|60px]]
| [[Polish United Workers' Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pl|Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza}}</small>
| PZPR
| [[Bolesław Bierut]] (first)<br>[[Mieczysław Rakowski]] (last)
| {{Start date|1948|12|16|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1990|1|30|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]] <small>(until 1956)</small>
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]]; later known as the [[Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)|Democratic Left Alliance]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Romania|1965}}<br>{{small|([[Socialist Republic of Romania|1945–1989]])}}
| {{party color cell|Romanian Communist Party}}
| [[File:Coat of arms of PCR.svg|60px]]
| [[Romanian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ro|Partidul Comunist Român}}</small>
| PCR
| [[Gheorghe Cristescu]] (first)<br>[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] (last)
| {{Start date|1921|5|8|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1989|12|22|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Socialist patriotism]]<br/>[[Neo-Stalinism]] <small>(post-1971)</small><br>[[National Communism]] <small>(post-1971)</small>
| Dissolved after the [[Romanian Revolution]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Somalia}}<br>{{small|([[Somali Democratic Republic|1976–1991]])}}
| {{party color cell|Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party}}
| [[File:Emblem of Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party.svg|60px]]
| [[Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|so|Xisbiga Hantiwadaagga Kacaanka Soomaaliyeed}}</small>
| XHKS
| [[Siad Barre]]
| {{Start date|1976|6|26|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1992|1|26|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Islamic socialism]]<br>[[Pan-Somalism]]<br>[[Scientific socialism]]<br>[[Somali nationalism]]<br>[[Militarism]]
| [[Somali Rebellion|Deposed in 1991]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Soviet Union}}<br>{{small|(1922–1991)}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}
| [[File:КПСС.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза}}</small>
| CPSU<br /><small>{{lang|ru|КПСС}}</small>
| [[Vladimir Lenin]] (first)<br>[[Mikhail Gorbachev]] (last)
| {{Start date|1917|5|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1991|11|6|df=yes}}
| [[Leninism]] {{small|(1922–1927)}}<br>[[Stalinism]] {{small|(1927–1953)}}<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]] {{small|(1953–1991)}}<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]
| Banned in 1991, ''de facto'' succeeded by [[Union of Communist Parties – Communist Party of the Soviet Union|UCP-CPSU]] and [[CPRF]]
|-
| rowspan=2| {{flagcountry|South Yemen}}<br>{{small|(1967–1990)}}
| {{party color cell|Yemeni Socialist Party}}
| [[File:Flag of the Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf.svg|60px]]
| [[National Liberation Front (South Yemen)|National Liberation Front]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الجبهة القومية للتحرير}}</small>
| NLF
| {{nowrap|[[Qahtan Muhammad al-Shaabi]]}}
| {{Start date|1963|||df=yes}}
| {{End date|1978|10|13|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Arab nationalism]]
| Reorganized itself into the [[Yemeni Socialist Party|YSP]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Yemeni Socialist Party}}
| [[File:Emblem of the Yemeni Socialist Party.svg|60px]]
| [[Yemeni Socialist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الاشتراكي اليمني}}</small>
| YSP
| [[Abdul Fattah Ismail]] (first)<br>[[Abdulraham Al-Saqqaf]] (current)
| {{Start date|1978|10|13|df=yes}}
| 
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Arab nationalism]]<br/>[[Anti-imperialism]]
| Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for [[social democracy]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Tannu Tuva|1933|name=Tannu Tuva}}<br>{{small|(1921–1944)}}
| {{party color cell|Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party}}
| [[File:Flag of the Tuvinian Peoples Revolutionary Party.svg|60px]]
| [[Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|tyv|Тьва arat-хuviskaalçь nam}}<br>{{lang|ru|Тувинская народно-революционная партия}}</small>
| TPRP<br /><small>{{lang|tyv|ТAХN}}<br>{{lang|ru|ТНРП}}</small>
| [[Namachyn]] (first)<br>[[Salchak Toka]] (last)
| {{Start date|1921|10|21|df=yes}}
| {{End date|1944|10|11|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]
| Became the [[Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Tuvan]] Regional Committee of the VKP(b), later CPSU
|-
| {{flagcountry|Yugoslavia|1946}}<br>{{small|([[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|1945–1990]])}}
| {{party color cell|League of Communists of Yugoslavia}}
| [[File:Emblem of the SKJ.svg|60px]]
| {{nowrap|[[League of Communists of Yugoslavia]]<br /><small>{{lang|sr|Савез комуниста Југославије}}<br>{{lang|sh|Savez komunista Jugoslavije}}</small>}}
| SKJ<br /><small>{{lang|sr|СКJ}}</small>
| [[Josip Broz Tito]] (1939–1980)<br>[[Milan Pančevski]] (last)
| {{Start date|1919|4|20|df=yes}}
| {{Start date|1990|1|22|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Titoism]]
| Splintered into its many constituent parties in 1990
|}

=== Parliamentary majority or minority government ===
{{Missing information|Free Peru|date=February 2023}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country
! colspan=2 | Logo
! Name
! Abbr.
! [[General Secretary of the Communist Party|Leaders]]
! Founded
! Dissolved
! Ideology
! Notes
|-
| {{flagcountry|Austria}}<br>{{small|(1945–1949)}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Austria}}
| [[File:Kommunistische Partei Österreichs Logo.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Austria]]<br /><small>{{lang|de|Kommunistische Partei Österreichs}}</small>
| KPÖ
| [[Ruth Fischer]], [[Franz Koritschoner]], & [[Lucien Laurat]] (first)<br>[[Günther Hopfgartner]] (current)
| {{Start date|1918|11|3|df=yes}}
| 
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-fascism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]
| Participated in the provisional government coalition after [[World War II]] and for four years after the [[1945 Austrian legislative election|1945 election]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Chad}}<br>{{small|(1993)}}
| style="background-color: #FE0000" |
| 
| [[Chadian Action for Unity and Socialism]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Action Tchadienne pour l'unité et le socialisme}}</small>
| ACTUS
| [[Fidèle Moungar]]
| {{Start date|1981|5|1|df=yes}}
| 
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]
| The party's leader was chosen as [[Prime Minister of Chad|Prime Minister]] in April 1993.
|-
| {{flagcountry|Cyprus}}<br>{{small|(2008–2013)}}
| {{party color cell|Progressive Party of Working People}}
| [[File:AKEL Logo.png|60px]]
| [[Progressive Party of Working People]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Ανορθωτικό Κόμμα Εργαζόμενου Λαού}}</small>
| AKEL<br /><small>{{lang|el|ΑΚΕΛ}}</small>
| [[Ploutis Servas]] (first)<br>[[Stefanos Stefanou (politician)|Stefanos Stefanou]] (current)
| {{Start date|1926|8|15|df=yes}}
| 
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Cypriot nationalism]]<br/>[[Federalism]]<br/>[[Soft euroscepticism]]
| Won the [[2008 Cypriot presidential election|2008 election]] and ruled until [[2013 Cypriot presidential election|2013]]
|-
| {{flagcountry|Guyana}}<br>{{small|(1992–2015, 2020–2024)}}
| {{party color cell|People's Progressive Party (Guyana)}}
| [[File:People's Progressive Party-Civic Flag (Guyana).svg|60px]]
| [[People's Progressive Party (Guyana)|People's Progressive Party/Civic]]
| PPP/С
| [[Cheddi Jagan]] & [[Janet Jagan]] (first)<br>[[Bharrat Jagdeo]] (current)
| {{Start date|1950|1|1|df=yes}}
| 
| [[Social democracy]]<br/>[[Left-wing populism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br>'''Historically:'''<br>[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| Abandoned [[Marxism–Leninism]] officially in 2024.<ref name=trai>{{Cite web |url=https://demerarawaves.com/2024/05/05/marxism-leninism-socialism-no-longer-relevant-to-ppp-jagdeo/ |title=Marxism-Leninism, socialism no longer relevant to PPP – Jagdeo |access-date=2024-06-30 |date=2024-05-05}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=2| {{flagcountry|India}}<br>{{small|(1996–1998)}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
| [[File:CPI symbol.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of India]]
| CPI
| [[Sachchidanand Vishnu Ghate]] (first)<br>[[D. Raja]] (current)
| {{Start date|1925|12|26|df=yes}}
|
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
| Member of the [[United Front (India, 1996)|United Front]] and its coalition government
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
| [[File:Cpm election symbol.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
| CPI(M)
| [[Puchalapalli Sundarayya]] (first)<br>[[Sitaram Yechury]] (current)
| {{Start date|1964|11|7|df=yes}}
|
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
| Member of the [[United Front (India, 1996)|United Front]] and its coalition government
|-
| {{flagcountry|Moldova}}<br>{{small|(2001–2009)}}
| {{party color cell|Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova}}
| [[File:Logo of the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova.svg|60px]]
| [[Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova]]<br /><small>{{lang|ro|Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova}}</small>
| PCRM
| [[Vladimir Voronin]]
| {{Start date|1993|10|22|df=yes}}
| 
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Moldovenism]]<br/>[[Social conservatism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br/>[[Russophilia]]
| Deposed after the [[April 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election protests|2009 protests]]
|-
|rowspan=2| {{flagcountry|Nepal}}<br>{{small|(1994–1995, 2008–2013, 2015–2017, 2018–2021)}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)}}
| [[File:CPN-UML.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी)}}</small>
| CPN (UML)<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेकपा (एमाले)}}</small>
| [[Madan Bhandari]] (first)<br>[[K. P. Sharma Oli]] (current)
| {{Start date|1991|1|6|df=yes}}<br>{{Start date|2021|3|8|df=yes}}
| {{End date|2018|5|17|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[People's Multiparty Democracy]]
| Merged with the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|CPN (MC)]] to form the [[Nepal Communist Party|NCP]] in 2018, refounded in 2021
|-
| {{party color cell|Nepal Communist Party}}
| [[File:Nepal Communist Party.svg|60px]]
| [[Nepal Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी}}</small>
| NCP<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेकपा}}</small>
| [[K. P. Sharma Oli]]<br>[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]
| {{Start date|2018|5|17|df=yes}}
| {{End date|2021|3|8|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>{{nowrap|[[People's Multiparty Democracy]]}}<br>[[Prachanda Path]]<br>[[Democratic centralism]]<br>[[Secularism]]<br>[[Federalism]]
| Dissolved as a result of internal conflicts in 2021
|-
| {{flagcountry|San Marino}}<br>{{small|(1945–1957, 1978–1990)}}
| {{party color cell|Sammarinese Communist Party}}
| [[File:Sammarinese_Communist_Party_flag,_1950s.svg|60px]]
| [[Sammarinese Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ro|Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova}}</small>
| PCS
| [[Ermenegildo Gasperoni]]
| {{Start date|1921|01|21|df=yes}}
| 
| [[Communism]]
| Deposed by coup d'etat orchestrated by Italy and America in [[Fatti di Rovereta]]
|}

=== Coalition partner or supporter ===
{{Missing information|Argentina|date=May 2024}}
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bulgaria}} (2005–2009, 2013–2014, 2021–2022) – [[Communist Party of Bulgaria]], in coalition government as member of the [[Coalition for Bulgaria]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Belgium}} (1946–1947) – [[Communist Party of Belgium]], in the [[Van Acker I Government]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Finland}} (1944–1948, 1966–1970, 1970–1971, 1975–1976 and 1977–1982) – [[Finnish People's Democratic League]], in coalition governments with numerous other parties
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|France}} (1981–1989; 1997–2002) – [[French Communist Party]] as a part of the [[Union of the Left (France)|Union de la gauche]] and of the [[Gauche plurielle]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|India}} (2004–2008) – [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] and [[Communist Party of India]], in the coalition government of the [[United Progressive Alliance]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Iran}} (1946) – [[Tudeh Party of Iran]], in the [[coalition government of Ahmad Qavam]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Abrahamian|first=Ervand|year=1982|url=https://archive.org/details/iranbetweentwore00abra_0/page/234|title=Iran Between Two Revolutions|publisher=Princeton University Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/iranbetweentwore00abra_0/page/234 234–237]|isbn=0-691-10134-5}}</ref>
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Italy}} (1998–2001, 2006–2008) – [[Party of Italian Communists]] in the [[D'Alema I Cabinet]], [[D'Alema II Cabinet]], [[Amato II Cabinet]] with [[The Olive Tree (Italy)|The Olive Tree]]; [[Communist Refoundation Party]] and Party of Italian Communists in the coalition government of [[The Union (Italy)|The Union]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Mali}} (2005–2014) – [[Malian Party of Labour]], participated in the [[Alliance for Democracy in Mali]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Norway}} (1945) – [[Communist Party of Norway]] in coalition government as member of [[Gerhardsen's First Cabinet]] led by the [[Labour Party (Norway)|Labour Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Peru}} (2011–2016) – [[Peruvian Communist Party]], in coalition governments as member of [[Peru Wins]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Portugal}} (2015–2019) – [[Portuguese Communist Party]] in support of the [[XXI Constitutional Government of Portugal]] led by the [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|Socialist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|San Marino}} (1945–1957, 1978–1992) – [[Sammarinese Communist Party]], in coalition government with [[Sammarinese Socialist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Sri Lanka}} (1970–1975, 1994–2000, 2004–2015 and 2020–2022) – [[Communist Party of Sri Lanka]] and [[Lanka Sama Samaja Party]], in coalition governments with numerous other parties
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Uruguay}} (2005–2020) – [[Communist Party of Uruguay]] and [[People's Victory Party]], in coalition governments as members of the [[Broad Front (Uruguay)|Broad Front]]

== Modern non-ruling ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country/Territory
! colspan=2 | Logo
! Name
! Abbr.
! [[General Secretary of the Communist Party|Leader]]
! Founded
! Ideology
! Legislature
! Notes
|-
| {{flagcountry|Abkhazia}}
| style="background-color:#DC143C |
|[[File:Communist Party of Abkhazia Republic Logo.png|60x60px]] 
|[[Communist Party of Abkhazia]]<br /><small>{{lang|ab|Аԥсны Акомунисттә Апартиа}}</small>
|CPA<br /><small>{{lang|ab|ААА}}</small>
|Lev Shamba
|March 1921
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[People's Assembly of Abkhazia|People's Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|35|hex=#dd232c}}
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flagcountry|Afghanistan}}
|style="background-color:#E03C31 |
|[[File:Flag of the Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|حزب كمونيست (مائوئيست) افغانستان}}</small>
|CMPM
| rowspan="3" |
|2004
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="3" align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Banned
|rowspan=2 | Participant in the ongoing  anti-[[Taliban]] [[Afghanistan conflict (1978–present)#Anti-Taliban uprisings|insurgency in Afghanistan]]
|-
|style="background-color:#E03C31 |
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Afghanistan Liberation Organization]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|سازمان رهایی افغانستان}}</small>
|ALO
| rowspan="2" |1973
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|style="background-color:#ff0000 |
|[[Marxist–Leninist Organization of Afghanistan]]
|MLOA
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="26" |
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flagcountry|Albania}}
|style="background-color: #A12165 |
|[[File:PKSh-LOGO.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Albania (1991)|Communist Party of Albania]]<br /><small>{{lang|sq|Partia Komuniste e Shqipërisë}}</small>
|PKSh
|Qemal Cicollari
|1991
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Parliament of Albania|Kuvendi]]: {{composition bar|0|140|}}
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: #A12110 " |
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Communist Party of Albania 8 November]]<br /><small>{{lang|sq|Partia Komuniste e Shqipërisë 8 Nëntori}}</small>
|PKSh 8 Nëntori
|Preng Çuni
|2003
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|-
|[[Reorganised Party of Labour of Albania]]
<small>{{lang|sq|Partia e Punes e Shqiperise e Riorganizuar}}</small>
|PPSR
|Marko Dajti
|July 4, 2007
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Hoxhaism]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Algeria}}
| rowspan="3" style="background-color:red " |
|[[File:Algerian Party for Democracy and Socialism logo.png|60x60px]]
|[[Algerian Party for Democracy and Socialism]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الجزائري للديمقراطية والاشتراكية}}</small>
|PADS
|Abdelhamid Benzine
|1993
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[People's National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|407|}}
[[Council of the Nation|Council]]: {{composition bar|0|174|}}[[People's Provincial Assembly|People's Provincial Assemblies]]:{{composition bar|0|2004|}}[[Communes of Algeria|Municipalities]]:{{composition bar|0|1540|}}[[People's Municipal Assembly]]:{{composition bar|0|24876|}}
|-
|[[File:Logo PST.jpg|60x60px]]
|[[Socialist Workers Party (Algeria)|Socialist Workers Party]]<br/>{{Lang|ar|حزب العمال الاشتراكي}}<br/>{{Lang|fr|Parti socialiste des travailleurs}}
|SWP
|
|1989
|[[Marxism]]<br/>[[Trotskyism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br/>[[Communism]]
|-
|[[File:Logo-Officiel.PT.Dz.png|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Party (Algeria)|Workers' Party]]
{{Lang|ar|حزب العمال}}{{Lang|tmh|ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵔ ⵢⵅⴻⴷⴷⴰⵎⴻⵏ}}
|WP
|[[Louisa Hanoune]]
|1990
|[[Trotskyism]]
[[Communism]]
|[[People's National Assembly]]:{{composition bar|0|407|}}
[[Council of the Nation|Council]]: {{composition bar|0|174|}}[[People's Provincial Assembly|People's Provincial Assemblies]]:{{composition bar|28|2004|#A50021}}[[Communes of Algeria|Municipalities]]:{{composition bar|17|1540|}}[[People's Municipal Assembly]]:{{composition bar|510|24876|}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Angola}}
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: #FF2400 " |
|
|[[Party of the Angolan Communist Community]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt|Partido da Comunidade Comunista Angolana}}</small>
|PCCA
|Baptista André José Simão
|1994
| rowspan="4" |[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[National Assembly (Angola)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|220|hex=#A50021}}
|-
|[[File:Logo of the MPLA (Angola).svg|60x60px]]
|[[MPLA|People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola]]<br />{{Lang|pt|Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola}}
|MPLA
|[[Agostinho Neto]]<br />[[Viriato da Cruz]]
|10 December 1956
|[[National Assembly (Angola)|National Assembly]]:{{Composition bar|124|220|hex=#A50021}}
|-
| rowspan="9" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Argentina}}
| rowspan="9" style="background-color: red " |
|[[File:Logo del Partido de la Liberación.png|60x60px]]
|[[Liberation Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido de la Liberación}}</small>
|PL
|Sergio Ortiz
|5 April 1965
| rowspan="6" |[[Argentine Chamber of Deputies|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|257|hex=#A50021}}
[[Argentine Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|72|hex=#A50021}}
|-
|[[File:Logo of the Communist Party of Argentina (Extraordinary Congress).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Argentina (Extraordinary Congress)]]<br/>{{Lang|es|Partido Comunista (Congreso Extraordinario)}}
|CPA (EC)
| rowspan="8" |
|2 December 1996
|-
|[[File:Pcrcolor 0.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party (Argentina)|Revolutionary Communist Party]]<br/>{{Lang|es|Partido Comunista Revolucionario}}
|RCP
|6 January 1968
|[[Maoism]]
|-
|[[File:Logo Izquierda Socialista (Colores Invertidos).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Socialist Left (Argentina)|Socialist Left]]<br/>{{Lang|es|Izquierda Socialista}}
|SL
|21 September 2006
| rowspan="6" |[[Trotskyism]]
|-
|
|[[United Socialist Workers' Party (Argentina)|United Socialist Workers' Party]]
|USWP<br/>{{Lang|es|PSTU}}
|2011
|-
|[[File:Mst-logo.png|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Socialist Movement (Argentina)|Workers' Socialist Movement]]<br/>{{Lang|es|Movimiento Socialista de los Trabajadores}}
|WSM
|1992
|-
|[[File:Logo Partido Obrero.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Party (Argentina)|Workers' Party]]<br/>{{Lang|es|Partido Obrero}}
|WP
|1964
|[[Argentine Chamber of Deputies|Chamber of Deputies]]:{{Composition bar|1|257|hex=#A50021}}
[[Argentine Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|72|hex=#A50021}}
|-
|[[File:Escudo PTS.png|60x60px]]
|[[Socialist Workers' Party (Argentina)|Socialist Workers' Party]]<br/>{{Lang|es|Partido de los Trabajadores Socialistas}}
|SWP
|1988
|[[Argentine Chamber of Deputies|Chamber of Deputies]]:{{Composition bar|4|257|hex=#A50021}}
[[Argentine Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|72|hex=#A50021}}
|-
|[[File:Logo Frente de Izquierda y de Trabajadores-Unidad.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Left Front]]<br/>{{Lang|es|Frente de Izquierda y de los Trabajadores}}
|WLF
|14 April 2011
|[[Argentine Chamber of Deputies|Chamber of Deputies]]:{{Composition bar|5|257|hex=#A50021}}
[[Argentine Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|72|hex=#A50021}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Armenia}}
|{{party color cell|Armenian Communist Party}}
|[[File:Armenian Communist Party logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Armenian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|hy|Հայաստանի կոմունիստական կուսակցություն}}</small>
|HKK<br /><small>{{lang|hy|ՀԿԿ}}</small>
|Tachat Sargsyan
|29 July 1991
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Russophilia|Pro-Russia]]<br />[[Euroscepticism]]<br />[[Soviet patriotism]]
| rowspan="3" |[[National Assembly (Armenia)|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|107|}}
|-
|style="background-color: #E62020 |
| rowspan="2" |
|[[United Communist Party of Armenia]]<br /><small>{{lang|hy|Հայաստանի Միավորված Կոմունիստական Կուսակցության}}</small>
|HMKK<br /><small>{{lang|hy|ՀՄԿԿ}}</small>
|
|7 July 2003
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Euroscepticism]]
|-
|style="background-color:#E62020 |
|[[Progressive United Communist Party of Armenia]]<br /><small>{{lang|hy|Հայաստանի Առաջադիմական Միացյալ Կոմունիստական Կուսակցություն}}</small>
|HAMK<br /><small>{{lang|hy|ՀԱՄԿ}}</small>
|Vazgen Safaryan
|28 January 1998
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Soviet patriotism]]
|-
| rowspan="5" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Australia}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Australia}}
|[[File:Communist Party of Australia logo 2020.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Australia (1971)]]
|CPA
|Vinicio Molina
|1971
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="5" |[[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|151|hex=#A50021}}
[[Australian Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|76|hex=#A50021}}
|-
| rowspan="4" style="background-color: red " |
|[[File:Eureka Flag.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Australia (Marxist–Leninist)]]
|CPA (ML)
| rowspan="4" |
|15 March 1964
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]<br />[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|
|Australian Communist Party
|ACP
|2019
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|-
|
|[[Socialist Equality Party (Australia)|Socialist Equality Party]]
|SEP
|2010
|[[Marxism]] <br />[[Trotskyism]]
|-
|
|Eureka Initiative
|EI
|2024
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Austria}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Austria}}
|[[File:Kommunistische Partei Österreichs Logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Austria]]<br /><small>{{lang|de|Kommunistische Partei Österreichs}}</small>
|KPO
|[[Günther Hopfgartner]]
|3 November 1918
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[National Council (Austria)|National Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|183|hex=#A50021}}
[[Federal Council of Austria|Federal Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|62|hex=#A50021}}
|The mayor of [[Graz]], Austria's second largest city, is a member of the KPÖ
|-
| style="background-color:#ED1B24 " |
|[[File:Partei der Arbeit.png|60x60px]]
|[[Party of Labour of Austria]]<br /><small>{{lang|de|Partei der Arbeit Österreichs}}</small>
|PdA
|Tibor Zenker
|12 October 2013
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
| rowspan="4" |
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Azerbaijan}}
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Emblem of Azerbaijan Communist Party (1993).svg|60px]]
|[[Azerbaijan Communist Party (1993)]]<br /><small>{{lang|az|Azərbaycan Kommunist Partiyası}}</small>
|AzKP
|Haji Hajiyev
|1993
| rowspan="3" |[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="3" |[[National Assembly (Azerbaijan)|National Assembly]]:{{Composition bar|0|125|red}}
|-
|style="background-color:#ED1B00 |
| rowspan="2" |
|New Generation Communist Party of Azerbaijan<br /><small>{{lang|az|Azərbaycan Yeni Nəsil Kommunist Partiyası}}</small>
|AYNKP
|Niyazi Rajabov
|2008
|-
|style="background-color: #ED0A3F |
|[[United Communist Party of Azerbaijan]]<br /><small>{{lang|az|Azərbaycan Birləşmiş Kommunist Partiyası}}</small>
|AVKP
|Sayad Sayadov
|1993
|-
|Rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bahrain}}
|style="background-color:#DC143C |
|[[File:Logo of the National Liberation Front - Bahrain.svg|60x60px]]
|[[National Liberation Front – Bahrain|National Liberation Front]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|جبهة التحرير الوطني}}</small>
|NLF
|
|15 February 1955
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Republicanism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Council of Representatives of Bahrain|Council of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|40|hex=#0072BC}}
[[Consultative Council of Bahrain|Shura Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|40|hex=#0072BC}}
|Led the 1965 [[March Intifada]]
|-
|style="background-color: #0072BC |
|
|[[Progressive Democratic Tribune]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|جمعية المنبر الديمقراطي التقدمي}}</small>
|PDT
|Hassan Madan
|14 September 2001
|[[Market socialism]]<br/>[[Arab nationalism]]<br/>[[Anti-globalization]]<br/>[[Anti-imperialism]]
|
|-
| rowspan="11" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bangladesh}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Bangladesh}}
|[[File:বাংলাদেশ কমিউনিস্ট পার্টির পতাকা.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Bangladesh]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|বাংলাদেশের কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি}}</small>
|CPB
|Ruhin Hossain Prince
|1971
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[Jatiya Sangsad|[[Jatiya Sangsad]]: {{Composition bar|0|350|hex=#A50021}}
|Former member of the [[Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League|Bangladesh Worker's-Peasants' People's League]] and its coalition government
|-
|
|[[File:South Asian Communist Banner.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Biplobi Communist Party]]<br/>{{Lang|bn|বিপ্লবী কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি}}
|BCP
|Gazi Kamrul
|1998
|[[Maoism]]
|Banned
|
|-
|{{party color cell|Workers Party of Bangladesh}}
|[[File:Workers Party of Bangladesh logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Workers Party of Bangladesh]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|বাংলাদেশের ওয়ার্কার্স পার্টি}}</small>
|WPB
|Fazle Hossain Badsha
|1980
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[Jatiya Sangsad|[[Jatiya Sangsad]]: {{Composition bar|4|350|hex=#A50021}}
| rowspan="9" |Parliament dissolved since 6 August 2024
|-
|{{party color cell|Socialist Party of Bangladesh}}
|[[File:Socialist Party of Bangladesh Official Logo.png|60x60px]]
|[[Socialist Party of Bangladesh]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|বাংলাদেশের সমাজতান্ত্রিক দল}}</small>
|BASAD
|Khalequzzaman
|7 November 1980
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="8" [Jatiya Sangsad |[[Jatiya Sangsad]]: {{Composition bar|0|350|hex=#A50021}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Revolutionary Workers Party of Bangladesh}}
|[[File:South Asian Communist Banner.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Workers Party of Bangladesh]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|বাংলাদেশের বিপ্লবী ওয়ার্কার্স পার্টি}}</small>
|RWPB
|Saiful Haque
|14 June 2004
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
| rowspan="6" |
|[[Communist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist–Leninist) (Dutta)]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|বাংলাদেশের সাম্যবাদী দল (মার্কসবাদী-লেনিনবাদী)}}</small>
|BSD-ML
|Ajoy Dutta
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[Communist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist–Leninist) (Umar)]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|বাংলাদেশের সাম্যবাদী দল (মার্কসবাদী-লেনিনবাদী)}}</small>
|BSD-ML
|[[Badruddin Umar]]
|[[Maoism|Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|পূর্ব বাংলার সর্বহারা পার্টি}}</small>
|PBSP
|[[Siraj Sikder]]
|3 June 1971
|[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[Maoist Bolshevik Reorganisation Movement of the Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|পূর্ববাংলার সর্বহারা পার্টি – মাওবাদী বলশেভিক পুনর্গঠন আন্দোলন}}</small>
|PBSP (MBRM)
| rowspan="2" |
|2001
|[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[Shramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal|Workers Peasants Socialist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|শ্রমিক কৃষক সমাজবাদী দল}}</small>
|SKSD
|1969
|{{Nowrap|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Revolutionary socialism]]}}
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[United Communist League of Bangladesh]]<br /><small>{{lang|bn|বাংলাদেশের ইউনাইটেড কমিউনিস্ট লীগ}}</small>
|UCLB
|Mosharraf Hossain Nannu
|April 2013
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Belarus}}
|{{party color cell|Belarusian Left Party "A Just World"}}
|[[File:Belarusian Left Party "A Just World" logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Belarusian Left Party "A Just World"]]<br /><small>{{lang|be|Беларуская партыя левых «Справядлівы свет»}}</small>
|
|[[Sergey Kalyakin]]
|25 October 2009
|[[Democratic socialism]]<br/>[[Revolutionary nationalism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br>Anti-[[Lukashenko]]
|Banned
| rowspan="5" |
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Belgium}}
|{{party color cell|Workers' Party of Belgium}}
|[[File:PVDAPTB-2022-icon-profile01.png|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Party of Belgium]]<br /><small>{{lang|nl|Partij van de Arbeid van België}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti du Travail de Belgique}}</small>
|PTB<br />PVDA
|[[Raoul Hedebouw]]
|1979
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Feminism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]
|[[Belgian Chamber of Representatives|Chamber of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|15|150|hex={{party color|Workers' Party of Belgium}}}}
[[Belgian Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|5|60|hex={{party color|Workers' Party of Belgium}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Belgium}}
|[[File:Logo of Communist Party of Belgium (1989).png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Belgium (1989)|Communist Party of Belgium]]<br /><small>{{lang|nl|Communistische Partij van België}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti Communiste de Belgique}}</small>
|PCB
|Arne Baillière
|1989
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism|Hard Euroscepticism]]
|[[Belgian Chamber of Representatives|Chamber of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|150|hex={{party color|Workers' Party of Belgium}}}}
[[Belgian Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|60|hex={{party color|Workers' Party of Belgium}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Benin}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Benin}}
|[[File:PCBeninlogo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Benin]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti Communiste du Bénin}}</small>
|PCB
|Philippe Noudjenoume
|1977
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[National Assembly (Benin)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|83|{{party color|Communist Party of Benin}}}}
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Benin]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste marxiste-léniniste du Bénin}}</small>
|PCMLB
|Magloire Yansunnu
|1999
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bhutan}}
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Communist Party of Bhutan Logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Bhutan (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)]]
|CPB (MLM)
|Comrade Umesh (''nom de guerre'')
|22 April 2003
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]<br>[[New Democratic Revolution]]<br/>[[Republicanism]]
|align="center" colspan="1" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Banned
|Engaged in [[guerrilla warfare]] against the government of Bhutan, with the goal of starting a [[people's war]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bolivia}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Bolivia}}
| rowspan="6" |
|[[Communist Party of Bolivia]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Bolivia}}</small>
|PCB
|Ignacio Mendoza
|1950
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="4" |[[Chamber of Deputies (Bolivia)|Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|183|hex=#A50021}}
[[Chamber of Senators (Bolivia)|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|36|hex=#A50021}}
| rowspan="11" |
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: #A50021" |
|[[People's Revolutionary Front (Marxist−Leninist−Maoist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Frente Revolucionario del Pueblo (Marxista–Leninista–Maoísta)}}</small>
|FRP-MLM
|
|
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
|-
|[[Communist Party of Bolivia (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Bolivia (Marxista-Leninista-Maoísta)}}</small>
|PCB-MLM
|Luis Alberto Echazú
|1983
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
|-
|[[Revolutionary Workers' Party (Bolivia)|Revolutionary Workers' Party]]
<small>{{lang|es|Partido Obrero Revolucionario}}</small>
|POR
|
|December 1935
|[[Trotskyism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
|{{party color cell|Workers' Communist Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
|[[Workers' Communist Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<br /><small>{{lang|sh|Radničko-komunistička partija Bosne i Hercegovine}} / {{lang|sh|Радничко-комунистичка партија Босне и Херцеговине}}</small>
|RKP-Bih / РКП-БиХ
|[[:sr:Горан Марковић (правник)|Goran Marković]]
|2000
|[[Luxemburgism]]<br/>[[Workers' self-management]]<br/>[[Anti-nationalism]]<br/>[[Yugoslavism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[House of Representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|42|hex=#A50021}}
[[House of Peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina|House of Peoples]]: {{Composition bar|0|15|hex=#A50021}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)}}
|[[Communist Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)|Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|sh|Komunistička partija}} / {{lang|sh|Комунистичка партија}}</small>
|KP / КП
|Muhamed Imamović
|21 February 2012
|[[Democratic socialism]]<br/>[[Yugo-nostalgia]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Botswana}}
|{{party color cell|MELS Movement of Botswana}}
|
|[[Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin Movement]]
|MELS
|Mosalage Ditshoto
|1994
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Pan-Africanism]]
|[[Parliament of Botswana|Parliament]]:
{{Composition bar|0|63|hex=#A50021}}
|-
| rowspan="5" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Brazil}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Brazil}}
|[[File:PCdoB logo.svg|59x59px]]
|[[Communist Party of Brazil]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt-br|Partido Comunista do Brasil}}</small>
|PCdoB
|[[:ast:Luciana Santos|Luciana Santos]]
|23 June 1988
| rowspan="2" |[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Chamber of Deputies of Brazil|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|8|513|hex={{party color|Communist Party of Brazil}}}}
[[Senate of Brazil|Federal Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|81|hex={{party color|Communist Party of Brazil}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Brazilian Communist Party}}
|[[File:PCB Logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Brazilian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt-br|Partido Comunista Brasileiro}}</small>
|PCB
|[[:pt:Edmilson Costa|Edmilson Costa]]
|25 March 1922
| rowspan="4" |[[Chamber of Deputies of Brazil|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|513|hex={{party color|Communist Party of Brazil}}}}
[[Senate of Brazil|Federal Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|81|hex={{party color|Communist Party of Brazil}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|United Socialist Workers' Party}}
|[[File:Logo PSTU.png|60x60px]]
|[[United Socialist Workers' Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt-br|Partido Socialista dos Trabalhadores Unificado}}</small>
|PSTU
|[[José Maria de Almeida|Zé Maria]]
|5 June 1994
|[[Trotskyism]]<br>[[Nahuel Moreno|Morenism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Workers' Cause Party}}
|[[File:Logo PCO Institucional.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Cause Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt-br|Partido da Causa Operária}}</small>
|PCO
|[[Rui Costa Pimenta]]
|7 December 1995
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Trotskyism]]<br>[[Social libertarianism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]
|-
|style="background-color: #DC143C |
|[[File:Logo PCR.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party (Brazil)|Revolutionary Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt-br|Partido Comunista Revolucionário}}</small>
|PCR
|
|May 1966
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Guevarism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Foco|Foco theory]]
|Not registered in Brazil's Superior Electoral Court
|-
| rowspan="5" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bulgaria}}
|{{party color cell|Bulgarian Communist Party (modern)}}
| rowspan="4" |
|[[Bulgarian Communist Party (modern)|Bulgarian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|bg|Българска комунистическа партия}}</small>
|BKP
|Zonka Zlatkova Spasov
|1990
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Stalinism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="5" |[[National Assembly (Bulgaria)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|240|hex=#A50021}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Bulgaria}}
|[[Communist Party of Bulgaria]]<br /><small>{{lang|bg|Комунистическа Партия на България}}</small>
|CPB
|[[Aleksandar Paunov]]
|1996
| rowspan="2" |[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Party of the Bulgarian Communists}}
|[[Party of the Bulgarian Communists]]<br /><small>{{lang|bg|Партия на Българските комунисти}}</small>
|PBK
|''Collective leadership''
|15 July 2006
|-
|{{party color cell|Union of Communists in Bulgaria}}
|[[Union of Communists in Bulgaria]]<br /><small>{{lang|bg|Съюз на Комунистите в България}}</small>
|SKB
|Pavel Ivanov
|1995
|[[Marxism]]
|-
| style="background-color: red " |
|
|[[Bulgarian Workers' Party (Communist)|Bulgarian Workers' Party]]
<small>{{lang|bg|Българска работническа партия}}</small>
|BRP
|Ivan Vodenicharski
|2000
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
[[Stalinism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Burkina Faso}}
|{{party color cell|Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba}}
|[[File:Star Green.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti pour la démocratie et le socialisme/Metba}}</small>
|PDS/
Metba
|Hama Arba Diallo
|31 March 2012
|[[Socialism]]
|[[National Assembly of Burkina Faso|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|1|127|{{party color|Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba}}}}
|-
|style="background-color: #CA4145|
|
|[[Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste révolutionnaire voltaïque}}</small>
|PCRV
|
|1 October 1978
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]
|[[National Assembly of Burkina Faso|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|127|{{party color|Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba}}}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Canada}}
|style="background-color: #EC1C24 |
|
|[[Communist Party of Canada]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste du Canada}}</small>
|CPC<br />PCC
|[[Elizabeth Rowley]]
|28 May 1921
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="3" |[[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]]: {{Composition bar|0|338|hex=#A50021}}
[[Senate of Canada|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|105|hex=#A50021}}
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: #F5191A " |
|[[File:CPC (ML) logo.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste du Canada (marxiste–léniniste)}}</small>
|CPC (ML)<br />PCC (ML)
|Anna Di Carlo
|31 March 1970
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Maoism]] <small>(1970–1977)</small><br/>[[Hoxhaism]] <small>(1977–1990)</small>
|-
|
|[[Communist Party of Quebec]]
<small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste du Québec}}</small>
|CPQ
PCQ
|Adrien Welsh
|1965
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|China}}
| style="background-color: red " |
|[[File:Young Mao Zedong flag.png|60x60px]]
|[[Maoist Communist Party of China]]<br /><small>{{lang|zh-hans|中国毛泽东主义共产党}}</small>
|MCPC
|Ma Houzhi
|28 November 2008
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|align="center" colspan="1" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Banned
|''De facto'' banned in China due to not being a member of the [[United front (China)|United Front]].
|-
| style="background-color: red " |
| [[File:Logo of the Fourth International.svg|60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party of China]]<br /><small>{{lang|zh-hans|中国革命共产党}}</small>
|RCPC
| rowspan="4" |
|September 1948
|[[Marxism]]<br/>[[Trotskyism]]
|[[Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|183|hex=#A50021}}
|Active in [[Hong Kong]]. Participant in the [[1970s Hong Kong student protests]].
|-
| rowspan="4" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Colombia}}
| style="background-color: red " |
|[[File:PCdeC-ML.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Colombia (Marxista-Leninista)}}</small>
|PCdeC (M-L)
|1965
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|
| rowspan="4" |
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:PCC-M.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Colombian Communist Party – Maoist]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Colombia – Maoista}}</small>
|PCC-M
|7 August 2001
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
|
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Revolutionary Communist Group of Colombia|Revolutionary Communist Group]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Grupo Comunista Revolucionario}}</small>
|GCR
|1982
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:MOIR.png|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Independent Labour Movement]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Movimiento Obrero Independiente y Revolucionario}}</small>
|MOIR
|Gustavo Triana
|1970
|[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[New Democracy]]<br>[[Francisco Mosquera Trough|Francisco Mosquera Thought]]
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Costa Rica}}
|style="background-color:#AD0430 |
|[[File:Bandera Partido Vanguardia Popular Costa Rica.svg|60x60px]]
|[[People's Vanguard Party (Costa Rica)|People's Vanguard Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Vanguardia Popular}}</small>
|PVP
|Humberto Vargas Carbonell
|16 June 1931
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica|Legislative Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|57|{{party color|People's Vanguard Party (Costa Rica)}}}}
|Banned from 1949 to 1975
|-
| rowspan="1" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Côte d'Ivoire}}
|style="background-color:#B0241D |
|[[File:PCCote-d-Ivoire.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party of Ivory Coast]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti Communiste Révolutionnaire de Côte d'Ivoire}}</small>
|PCRCI
|Achy Ekissi
|1990
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|
| rowspan="3" |
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Croatia}}
| {{party color cell|Socialist Labour Party of Croatia}}
|[[File:Logo SRP.jpg|60x60px]]
|[[Socialist Labour Party of Croatia]]<br /><small>{{lang|hr|Socijalistička radnička partija Hrvatske}}</small>
|SRP
|Kristofor Stokić
|25 October 1997
|[[Titoism]]<br/>[[Democratic socialism]]
|[[Sabor]]: {{Composition bar|0|151|{{party color|Socialist Labour Party of Croatia}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Workers' Front (Croatia)}}
|[[File:Logo of the Workers' Front (Croatia).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Front (Croatia)|Workers Front]]<br /><small>{{lang|hr|Radnička fronta}}</small>
|RF
|''Collective leadership''
|9 May 2014
|[[Democratic socialism]]<br>[[Progressivism|Social progressivism]]<br/>[[Anti-fascism]]<br>[[Anti-clericalism]]<br/>[[Left-wing populism]]
|[[Sabor]]: {{Composition bar|1|151|{{party color|Workers' Front (Croatia)}}}}
|-
| rowspan="1" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Cyprus}}
|{{party color cell|Progressive Party of Working People}}
|[[File:AKEL Logo.png|60px]]
|[[Progressive Party of Working People]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Ανορθωτικό Κόμμα Εργαζόμενου Λαού}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|tr|Emekçi Halkın İlerici Partisi}}</small>
|AKEL
|[[Stefanos Stefanou (politician)|Stefanos Stefanou]]
|15 August 1926
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Cypriot nationalism]]<br/>[[Federalism]]<br/>[[Soft euroscepticism]]
|[[House of Representatives of Cyprus|House of Representatives]]{{Composition bar|15|56|hex=#B31B1B}}
|Won the [[2008 Cypriot presidential election|2008 election]] and ruled until [[2013 Cypriot presidential election|2013]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Czech Republic}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia}}
|[[File:KSČM text logo.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia]]<br /><small>{{lang|cs|Komunistická strana Čech a Moravy}}</small>
|KSČM
|[[Kateřina Konečná]]
|31 March 1990
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br>[[Anti-capitalism]]<br>[[Anti-fascism]]
|[[Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|200|hex=#A50021}}
[[Senate of the Czech Republic|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|81|hex=#A50021}}
|Czech successor to the [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]. Served as [[confidence and supply]] to the [[Second Cabinet of Andrej Babiš|second government of Andrej Babiš]] in 2018.
|-
| rowspan="4" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Denmark}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Denmark}}
|[[File:DKP logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Denmark]]<br /><small>{{lang|da|Danmarks Kommunistiske Parti}}</small>
|DKP
|[[Henrik Stamer Hedin]]
|9 November 1919
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="4" |[[Folketing]]: {{Composition bar|0|179|}}
| rowspan="9" |
|-
|style="background-color:#900D05 |
|[[File:Kp logo.jpg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party (Denmark)|Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|da|Kommunistisk Parti}}</small>
|KP
|Lotte Rørtoft-Madsen
|2006
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>'''Factions:'''<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Logo of Communist Workers Party (Denmark).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Communist Party (Denmark)|Workers' Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|da|Arbejderpartiet Kommunisterne}}</small>
|APK
|Dorte Grenaa
|April 2000
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party in Denmark}}
|[[File:Communist Party in Denmark.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party in Denmark]]<br /><small>{{lang|da|Kommunistisk Parti i Danmark}}</small>
|KPiD
|Rikke G.F. Carlsson
|1990
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
| rowspan="1" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Dominican Republic}}
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Communist Party of Labour (Dominican Republic).png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Labour]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista del Trabajo}}</small>
|PCT
|Manuel Salazar
|1980
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[[Chamber of Deputies of the Dominican Republic|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|190|red}}
[[Senate of the Dominican Republic|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|32|red}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Donetsk People's Republic}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of the Donetsk People's Republic}}
|[[File:Logo of the Communist Party of the Donetsk People's Republic.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of the Donetsk People's Republic]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунистическая партия Донецкой Народной Республики}}</small>
|CPDPR<br /><small>{{lang|ru|КПДНР}}</small>
|Boris Litvinov
|8 October 2014
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
|[[People's Council of the Donetsk People's Republic|People's Council]]: {{composition bar|0|100|hex=#dd232c}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|East Timor}}
|{{party color cell|Socialist Party of Timor}}
|[[File:Logo of the Socialist Party of Timor.png|59x59px]]
|[[Socialist Party of Timor]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt|Partido Socialista de Timor}}</small>
|PST
|Avelino Coelho da Silva
|11 February 1997
| rowspan="2" |[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[National Parliament (East Timor)|National Parliament]]: {{composition bar|0|65|}}
|-
| rowspan="4" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Ecuador}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Ecuador}}
|[[File:Logo del Partido Comunista del Ecuador.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Ecuador]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista del Ecuador}}</small>
|PCE
|Winston Alarcón Elizalde
|23 May 1926
| rowspan="3" |[[National Assembly (Ecuador)|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|137|red}}
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:PCMLE-LOGO.svg|60px]]
|[[Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Marxista-Leninista del Ecuador}}</small>
|PCMLE
|Oswaldo Palacios
|1 August 1964
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Workers' Party of Ecuador]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido de los Trabajadores del Ecuador}}</small>
|PTE
| rowspan="2" |
|1996
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|Not registered with Ecuador's National Electoral Council
|-
|style="background-color: #EB0B03 |
|[[File:PCE-SR.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Ecuador – Sol Rojo}}</small>
|PCE-SR
|1 June 1987
|[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]<br>[[Abimael Guzmán|Gonzalo Thought]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
|align="center" colspan="1" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Banned
|Engaged in minor [[guerrilla warfare]] against the government of Ecuador, with the goal of starting a [[people's war]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Egypt}}
|{{party color cell|Egyptian Communist Party}}
|[[File:Egyptian Communist Party logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Egyptian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي المصري}}</small>
|ECP
|[[Salah Adli]]
|1975
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="3" |[[House of Representatives (Egypt)|House of Representatives]]: {{composition bar|0|596|{{party color|Egyptian Communist Party}}}}
[[Senate (Egypt)|Senate]]: {{composition bar|0|300|{{party color|Egyptian Communist Party}}}}
| rowspan="4" |
|-
| rowspan="2" |
|
|[[Revolutionary Socialists (Egypt)|Revolutionary Socialists]]<br/>{{Lang|ar|الاشتراكيون الثوريون}}
|RS
|''Collective leadership''
|1995
|[[Trotskyism]]
|-
|[[File:Red star.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Workers Democratic Party]]<br/>{{Lang|ar|حزب العمال الديمقراطي}}
|WDR
| rowspan="2" |
|2011
|[[Labour movement|Labourism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br/>[[Anti-Zionism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|El Salvador}}
| {{party color cell|Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front}}
|[[File:Bandera del pcs.gif|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of El Salvador]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de El Salvador}}</small>
|PCS
|27 March 2005
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador|Legislative Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|84|}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Estonia}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Estonia}}
| [[File:Emblem of the Estonian SSR.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Estonia (1990)|Communist Party of Estonia]]<br /><small>{{lang|et|Eestimaa Kommunistlik Partei}}</small>
|EKP
|''vacant''
|26 March 1990
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]
| rowspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Banned
|Banned in Estonia following the [[1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt]], continues to operate underground
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Eswatini}}
|style="background-color: #65000B |
|[[File:Communist Party of Swaziland flag.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Swaziland]]
|CPS
|Thokozane Kenneth
|9 April 2011
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Republicanism]]
|Participant in the [[2021–2023 Eswatini protests]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Ethiopia}}
|style="background-color: red|
|[[File:Meison.jpg|60px]]
|[[All-Ethiopia Socialist Movement]]<br /><small>{{lang|am|መላ ኢትዮጵያ ሶሻሊስት ንቅናቄ}}</small>
|MEISON
|
|1968
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[House of Peoples' Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|547|hex= red}}
[[House of Federation]]: {{Composition bar|0|112|hex= red}}
|Supported and participated in the 1974 [[Ethiopian Revolution]]. Initially supported the [[Derg]] government, though later broke with [[Mengistu Haile Mariam|Mengistu Haile Mariam's]] leadership during the [[Red Terror (Ethiopia)|Red Terror]] and was forced underground. Resumed legal activity following the end of the [[Ethiopian Civil War]].
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Finland}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Finland (1994)}}
|[[File:Suomen Kommunistisen Puolueen (1994) tunnus.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Finland (1994)|Communist Party of Finland]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue}}</small>
|SKP
|[[:fi:Juha-Pekka Väisänen|Juha-Pekka Väisänen]]
|1984
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Parliament of Finland|Parliament]] : {{composition bar|0|200|}}
| rowspan="15" |
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism}}
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Kommunistinen Työväenpuolue – Rauhan ja Sosialismin puolesta}}</small>
|KTP
|Mikko Vartiainen
|1988
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Euroscepticism|Hard Euroscepticism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red|
|[[League of Communists (Finland)|League of Communists]]<br /><small>{{lang|fi|Kommunistien Liitto}}</small>
|KL
|Kalevi Wahrman
|14 September 2002
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
| rowspan="7" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|France}}
| {{party color cell|French Communist Party}}
|[[File:Logo – Parti communiste français (2018).svg|60x60px]]
|[[French Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste français}}</small>
| PCF
| [[Fabien Roussel]]
| 30 December 1920
| [[Eurocommunism]]<br>[[Soft Euroscepticism]]
| [[French National Assembly|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|12|577|hex={{party color|French Communist Party}}}} [[French Senate|Senate]]: {{composition bar|14|348|hex={{party color|French Communist Party}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Lutte Ouvrière}}
|[[File:Logo Lutte Ouvrière.svg|60x60px]]
| [[Lutte Ouvrière]]
| LO
| [[Nathalie Arthaud]]
| 1956
| [[Trotskyism]] <br> [[Anti-capitalism]]
| rowspan="6" | [[French National Assembly|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|577|hex=#960018}} [[French Senate|Senate]]: {{composition bar|0|348|hex=#960018}}
|-
| {{party color cell|New Anticapitalist Party}}
|
| [[New Anticapitalist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Nouveau Parti anticapitaliste}}</small>
| NPA
| ''Collective leadership''
| 8 February 2009
| [[Trotskyism]] <br> [[Alter-globalisation]]
|-
|{{party color cell|German Communist Party}}
|[[File:PRCF.png|59x59px]]
| [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Pôle de renaissance communiste en France}}</small>
| PRCF
| Léon Landini
| January 2004
| [[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Chinese Communist Party}}
| [[File:Logo-PCOF.svg|60px]]
| [[Workers' Communist Party of France]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste des ouvriers de France}}</small>
| PCOF
| ''Collective leadership''
| 1979
| [[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Cuba}}
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Marxist–Leninist Communist Organization – Proletarian Way]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Organisation communiste marxiste-léniniste – Voie prolétarienne}}</small>
| OCML-VP
| rowspan="2" |
| September 1976
| [[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Nepal Communist Party}}
| Revolutionary Left<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Gauche révolutionnaire}}</small>
| GR
| 1992
| [[Marxism]]<br>[[Trotskyism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Georgia}}
|{{party color cell|Unified Communist Party of Georgia}}
|[[File:Emblem of the Georgian SSR.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Unified Communist Party of Georgia]]<br /><small>{{lang|ka|საქართველოს ერთიანი კომუნისტური პარტია}}</small>
|SEKP<br /><small>{{lang|ka|სეკპ}}</small>
|Teimuraz Samnidze
|June 1994
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]
|[[Parliament of Georgia|Parliament]]:
{{composition bar|0|150|hex={{party color|Communist Party of Georgia}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Germany}}
| {{party color cell|German Communist Party}}
| [[File:Deutsche Kommunistische Partei Logo.svg|60px]]
| [[German Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|de|Deutsche Kommunistische Partei}}</small>
| DKP
| [[Patrik Köbele]]
| 1968
| [[Marxism-Leninism]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Bundestag]]: {{composition bar|0|709|hex={{party color|German Communist Party}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany}}
|[[File:MLPD Logo 2011 (2).svg|59x59px]]
|[[Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany]]<br /><small>{{lang|de|Marxistisch-Leninistische Partei Deutschlands}}</small>
|MLPD
|Gabi Fechtner
|1982
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|-
| rowspan="11" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Greece}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Greece}}
|[[File:Kke.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Greece]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας}}</small>
|KKE<br /><small>{{lang|el|KKE}}</small>
|[[Dimitris Koutsoumpas]]
|17 November 1918
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br/>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
|[[Hellenic Parliament]]: {{composition bar|26|300|hex={{party color|Communist Party of Greece}}}}
|Banned by the government of Greece from 1936 to 1974. Led the [[Political Committee of National Liberation|PEEA]] during [[World War II]] and the [[Provisional Democratic Government]] and [[Democratic Army of Greece|DAG]] during the [[Greek Civil War]].
|-
|style="background-color: #D71920 |
|[[File:Λογότυπο του Μ-Λ ΚΚΕ.png|60x60px]]
|[[Marxist Leninist Communist Party of Greece]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Μαρξιστικό-Λενινιστικό Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας}}</small>
|M-L KKE<br /><small>{{lang|el|Μ-Λ ΚΚΕ}}</small>
|''Collective leadership''
|November 1976
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Euroscepticism]]
| rowspan="10" |[[Hellenic Parliament]]: {{composition bar|0|300|hex=#D71920}}
| rowspan="11" |
|-
|style="background-color: red |
| 
|[[Communist Party of Greece (Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας (μαρξιστικο-λενινιστικό)}}</small>
|KKE (m–l)<br /><small>{{lang|el|ΚΚΕ (μ-λ)}}</small>
|Grigoris Konstantopoulos
|November 1976
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Euroscepticism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Organization for the Reconstruction of the Communist Party of Greece}}
|[[File:OAKKE logo.svg|59x59px]]
|[[Organization for the Reconstruction of the Communist Party of Greece]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Οργάνωση για την Ανασυγκρότηση του Κομουνιστικού Κόμματος Ελλάδας}}</small>
|OAKKE<br /><small>{{lang|el|OAKKE}}</small>
|Elias Zafiropoulos.
|20 July 1985
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Anasintaxi-logo.png|60px]]
|[[Movement for the Reorganization of the Communist Party of Greece 1918–1955]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Κίνηση για την Ανασύνταξη του Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας 1918–1955)}}</small>
|Anasintaxi<br /><small>{{lang|el|Ανασύνταξη}}</small>
|Tasos Mpallos
|1996
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Nikos Zachariadis|Zachariadism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Communist Renewal]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Κομμουνιστική Ανανέωση}}</small>
|KA<br /><small>{{lang|el|KA}}</small>
| rowspan="3" |''Collective leadership''
|2000
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Left Anti-capitalist Group]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Αριστερή Αντικαπιταλιστική Συσπείρωση}}</small>
|AR.A.S<br /><small>{{lang|el|ΑΡ.Α.Σ}}</small>
|1998
|[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-capitalism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|Left Group<br /><small>{{lang|el|Αριστερή Συσπείρωση}}</small>
|ARI.S<br /><small>{{lang|el|ΑΡΙ.Σ}}</small>
|25 October 2012
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-capitalism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Left Recomposition]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Αριστερή Ανασύνθεση}}</small>
|AR.ΑΝ<br /><small>{{lang|el|ΑΡ.ΑΝ}}</small>
|
|2003
|[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-capitalism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Nar-simaia-02.jpg|60px]]
|[[New Left Current]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Νέο Αριστερό Ρεύμα}}</small>
|NAR<br /><small>{{lang|el|ΝΑΡ}}</small>
| rowspan="2" |''Collective leadership''
|1989
|[[New Left]]<br/>[[Anti-capitalism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Ekke-simaia-02.jpg|60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Communist Movement of Greece]]<br /><small>{{lang|el|Επαναστατικό Κομμουνιστικό Κίνημα Ελλάδας}}</small>
|EKKE<br /><small>{{lang|el|EKKE}}</small>
|1970
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Guadeloupe}}
|{{party color cell|French Communist Party}}
|
|[[Guadeloupe Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste guadeloupéen}}</small>
|PCG
|Alain-Félix Flémin
|30 March 1958
|[[Marxism]]<br>Guadeloupean [[Autonomism (political doctrine)|autonomy]]
|[[French National Assembly|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|577|hex=#FF0000}} [[French Senate|Senate]]: {{composition bar|0|348|hex=#FF0000}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Guatemala}}
|{{party color cell|Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity}}
|[[File:URNG Logo.png|60x60px]]
|[[Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca}}</small>
|URNG-MAIZ
|Gregorio Chay
|7 February 1982
|[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br>[[Indigenismo]]<br>[[Christian socialism]]<br>[[Anti-capitalism]]
|[[Congress of the Republic of Guatemala|Congress]]: {{composition bar|3|160|hex={{party color|Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity}}}}
|Founded as an umbrella organization uniting leftist militant groups active in the [[Guatemalan Civil War]]. Laid down arms in 1996 and became a legally registered party in 1998.
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Haiti}}
|style="background-color: #545AA7 |
|
|[[New Haitian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Nouveau Parti Communiste Haïtien (Marxiste–Léniniste)}}</small>
|NPCH(ML)
|Vania Lubin
|2000
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[[Chamber of Deputies (Haiti)|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{composition bar|0|119|hex=#545AA7}}
[[Senate (Haiti)|Senate]]: {{composition bar|0|30|hex=#545AA7}}
| rowspan="16" |
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Hungary}}
|{{party color cell|Hungarian Workers' Party}}
| [[File:Magyar Kommunista Munkáspárt old logo.svg|60px]]
|[[Hungarian Workers' Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|hu|Magyar Munkáspárt}}</small>
|MMP
|[[Gyula Thürmer]]
|17 December 1989
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism]]
|[[National Assembly (Hungary)|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|199|{{party color|Hungarian Workers' Party}}}}
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Workers' Party of Hungary 2006 – European Left]]<br /><small>{{lang|hu|Magyarországi Munkáspárt 2006 – Európai Baloldal}}</small>
|EB
|Attila Vajnai
|November 2005
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Eurocommunism]]
|[[National Assembly (Hungary)|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|199|red}}
|-
| rowspan="14" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|India}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[File:CPI symbol.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|CPI
|[[D. Raja]]
|26 December 1925
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Lok Sabha]]:{{composition bar|2|543|hex={{party color|French Communist Party}}}}
[[Rajya Sabha]]:{{composition bar|2|245|hex={{party color|French Communist Party}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|[[File:Cpm election symbol.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|CPI(M)
|[[M. A. Baby]]
|7 November 1964
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Lok Sabha]]:{{composition bar|4|543|hex={{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}}}
[[Rajya Sabha]]:{{composition bar|5|245|hex={{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}
|[[File:RSP-flag.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
|RSP
|Manoj Bhattacharya
|19 March 1940
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Trotskyism]]
|[[Lok Sabha]]: {{composition bar|1|543|hex={{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}}}
[[Rajya Sabha]]: {{composition bar|0|245}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Revolutionary Communist Party of India}}
|
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party of India]]
|RCPI
|[[Biren Deka]]
|1 August 1934
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-Stalinism]]
| rowspan="4" |[[Lok Sabha]]: {{composition bar|0|543|hex={{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}}}
[[Rajya Sabha]]: {{composition bar|0|245}}
|-
| {{party color cell|All India Forward Bloc}}
| [[File:Indian Election Symbol Lion.svg|60px]]
|[[All India Forward Bloc]]
|AIFB
|[[Debabrata Biswas (politician)|Debabrata Biswas]]
|22 June 1939
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br/>[[Anti-imperialism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Marxist Forward Bloc}}
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Marxist Forward Bloc]]
|MFB
|Jaihind Singh
|12 November 1953
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Left-wing populism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Bolshevik Party of India}}
|[[Bolshevik Party of India]]
|BPI
|
|1939
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation}}
|[[File:CPIML LIBERATION.jpg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]]
|CPI(ML)L
|[[Dipankar Bhattacharya]]
|1974
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Naxalism]]
|[[Lok Sabha]]: {{composition bar|2|543}}
[[Rajya Sabha]]: {{composition bar|0|245|}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}
|
|Revolutionary Socialist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
|RSPI(ML)
|
|1969
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="5" |[[Lok Sabha]]: {{composition bar|0|543|}}
[[Rajya Sabha]]: {{composition bar|0|245|}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)}}
|[[File:SUCI flag.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)]]
|SUCI(C)
|[[Provash Ghosh]]
|24 April 1948
|[[Shibdas Ghosh|Shibdas Ghosh Thought]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Revolutionary Marxist Party of India}}
|[[File:RMPI flag.jpg|60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Marxist Party of India]]
|RMPI
|[[Mangat Ram Pasla]]
|2016
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Marxist Party}}
|[[File:CMP-banner.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Marxist Party]]
|CMP
|[[C. P. John]]
|1986
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Marxism]]<br>[[Luxemburgism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) New Democracy]]
|CPIML ND
|Yatendra Kumar
|1988
|[[Naxalism]]<br>[[New Democracy]]<br/>[[Maoism]]
|-
| style="background-color: red |
|[[File:South Asian Communist Banner.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Maoist)]]
|CPI (Maoist)
|[[Nambala Keshava Rao]]
|21 September 2004
|[[Naxalism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="17" align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Banned
|Leading the ongoing [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]], designated a [[terrorism|terrorist organization]] by the government of India
|-
| rowspan="16" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Iran}}
| {{party color cell|Tudeh Party of Iran}}
|
|[[Tudeh Party of Iran]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|حزب تودۀ ایران}}</small>
| rowspan="2" |
|''Collective leadership''
|2 October 1941
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|
|-
| rowspan="15" style="background-color: red " |
|[[File:Komele komonist iran komala.jpg|60px]]
|[[Komalah (CPI)|Komalah]]<br /><small>{{lang|ku|کۆمەڵە ڕێکخراوی کوردستانی حیزبی کۆمۆنیستی ئێران}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|fa|کومله سازمان کردستان حزب کمونیست ایران}}</small>
|[[Ibrahim Alizade]]
|1984
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]]<br/>[[Kurds in Iran|Kurdish minority]] interests
|Kurdish branch of [[Communist Party of Iran|CPI]], designated a [[terrorism|terrorist organization]] by the government of Iran
|-
|[[File:Communist Party of Iran logo.png|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Iran]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|حزب کمونیست ایران}}</small>
|CPI
|''Collective leadership''
|2 September 1983
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
|
|-
|[[File:Flag of Komala.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Komala of the Toilers of Kurdistan]]<br/>{{Lang|fa|کومله زحمتکشان کردستان}}<br/>{{lang|ku|کۆمه‌ڵه‌ی زه‌حمه‌تکیشانی کوردستان}}
|KTK
|Omar Ilkhanizade
|2007
| rowspan="3" |[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Communism]]
|
|-
| rowspan="10" |
|[[Worker's Way]]<br/>{{Lang|fa|راه کارگر}}
|WW
| rowspan="5" |
| rowspan="2" |1978
|
|-
|[[Workers Left Unity – Iran]]
|WLU-I
|
|-
|[[Laborers' Party of Iran]]<br/>{{Lang|fa|حزب رنجبران ایران}}
| rowspan="2" |LPI
|1979
|[[Maoism]]
|
|-
|[[Labour Party of Iran (Toufan)|Labour Party of Iran]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|حزب کار ایران}}</small>
|1965
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="4" |
|-
|[[Communist Party of Iran (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|حزب کمونیست ایران (مارکسیست-لنینیست-مائوئیست)}}</small>
|CPI (MLM)
|2001
|[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]<br>[[Bob Avakian|New Synthesis]]<br>[[Secularism]]
|-
|[[Worker-communist Party of Iran]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|حزب کمونیست کارگری ایران}}</small>
|WPI
|Hamid Taqvaee
|1991
|[[Workerism]]<br/>[[Marxism]]<br>[[Third camp]]
|-
|[[Worker-communist Party of Iran – Hekmatist]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|حزب کمونیست کارگری ایران-حکمتیست}}</small>
|WPI-Hekmatist
|Jamal Kamangar
|2004
|[[Workerism]]
|-
|[[Fedaian Organisation (Minority)]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|سازمان فدائیان (اقليت)}}</small>
|FO
|Akbar Kāmyābi
|March 1987
| rowspan="4" |[[Marxism-Leninism]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="3" |Split from the [[Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (Minority)]]
|-
|[[Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (1985)]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|سازمان چریک‌های فدایی خلق ایران}}</small>
|OIPFG
|Ḥosayn Zohari
|1985
|-
|[[Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas – Followers of the Identity Platform]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|سازمان چریک‌های فدایی خلق ایران – پیرو برنامه هویت}}</small>
|OIPFG – FIP
|Mehdi Sāmeʿ
|1983
|-
| [[File:Emblem of the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas.svg|60px]]
|[[Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas]]<br /><small>{{lang|fa|چریک‌های فدایی خلق ایران}}</small>
|IFPG
|[[Ashraf Dehghani]]
| rowspan="2" |1979
|Participant in the [[1979 Kurdish rebellion in Iran|1979 Kurdish rebellion]]
|-
|[[File:Logo of the Fourth International.svg|74x74px]]
|[[Socialist Workers' Party of Iran]]<br/>{{Lang|fa|حزب کارگران سوسیالیست ایران}}
|SWPI
|Babak Zahraei
|[[Trotskyism]]
|
|-
| rowspan="6" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Iraq}}
|{{party color cell|Iraqi Communist Party}}
|[[File:Flag of the Iraqi Communist Party.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Iraqi Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي العراقي}}</small>
|ICP
|[[Raid Jahid Fahmi]]
|31 March 1934
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Leninism]]<br>[[Classical Marxism]]<br>[[Reformism]]<br>[[Secularism]]<br>[[Nonsectarianism]]
|[[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|329|hex={{party color|Iraqi Communist Party}}}}
|Operated underground in the [[Kingdom of Iraq]] (from 1934 to 1958) and [[Ba'athist Iraq]] (from 1963 to 2003). Supported the [[14 July Revolution]] and the government of [[Abd al-Karim Qasim]].
|-
|{{party color cell|Iraqi Communist Party}}
| rowspan="4" |
|[[Movement of the Democratic People of Kurdistan]]<br/>{{lang|ku|بزووتنەوەی دیموکراتی گەلی کوردستان}}
|MDPK
|Mam Xidir
|1994
|[[Marxism]]
|[[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]:{{Composition bar|0|329|hex={{party color|Iraqi Communist Party}}}}[[Kurdistan Region Parliament|Kurdistan Parliament]]:
{{Composition bar|0|111}}
| rowspan="3" |
|-
|style="background-color: #790102|
|[[Worker-communist Party of Iraq]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي العمالي العراقي}}</small>
| rowspan="5" |
|Amir Adil
|July 1993
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Workerism]]<br>[[Third camp]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|329|hex= #790102}}
|-
|style="background-color: #A01B14|
|[[Left Worker-communist Party of Iraq]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي العمالي اليساري العراقي}}</small>
|Issam Shukri
|2004
|[[Trotskyism]]<br>[[Workerism]]<br>[[Third camp]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[Communist Party of Kurdistan – Iraq]]<br /><small>{{lang|ku|حزبي شيوعى كوردستان – عيراق}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي الكوردستاني – العراق}}</small>
|Kawa Mahmud
|1993
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Kurdish nationalism]]<br>[[Nonsectarianism]]
|[[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|329|hex= red}}
[[Kurdistan Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|1|111|hex= red}}
|colspan="1" rowspan="2" |Regional party active in [[Kurdistan Region|Kurdistan]]
|-
|style="background-color: #FF0001 |
|[[File:Worker-Communist Party of Kurdistan.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Worker-communist Party of Kurdistan]]<br /><small>{{lang|ku|حزبی کۆمۆنستی کرێکاریی کوردستان}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي العمالي في كوردستان}}</small>
|Osman Hajy Marouf
|2008
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Workerism]]<br>[[Third camp]]
|[[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|329|hex= #FF0001}}
[[Kurdistan Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|0|111|hex= #FF0001}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Ireland}}
|{{party color cell|Workers' Party (Ireland)}}
|
|[[Workers' Party (Ireland)|Workers' Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ga|Páirtí na nOibrithe}}</small>
|''Collective leadership''
|28 November 1905
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Irish republicanism]]
|[[Dáil Éireann]]: {{Composition bar|0|160|{{party color|Workers' Party (Ireland)}}}}
[[Seanad Éireann]]: {{Composition bar|0|60|{{party color|Workers' Party (Ireland)}}}}
| rowspan="3" |
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Ireland}}
|[[File:Communist Party of Ireland.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Ireland]]<br /><small>{{lang|ga|Páirtí Cumannach na hÉireann}}</small>
|CPI
|Janelle McAteer
|3–4 June 1933
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism|Hard Euroscepticism]]
|[[Dáil Éireann]]: {{Composition bar|0|160|{{party color|Communist Party of Ireland}}}}
[[Seanad Éireann]]: {{Composition bar|0|60|{{party color|Communist Party of Ireland}}}}
|-
|style="background-color: #e80504  |
|[[File:IRSP logo 2018.png|60x60px]]
|[[Irish Republican Socialist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ga|Páirtí Poblachtach Sóisalach na hÉireann}}</small>
|IRSP
|''Collective leadership'' ({{lang|ga|[[Ardfheis#Ard Chomhairle|Ard Comhairle]]}})
|8 December 1974
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Irish republicanism]]<br>[[Anti-globalisation]]<br>[[Euroscepticism|Hard Euroscepticism]]
|[[Dáil Éireann]]: {{Composition bar|0|160| #e80504}}
[[Seanad Éireann]]: {{Composition bar|0|60| #e80504}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Israel}}
|{{party color cell|Hadash}}
|[[File:Hadash-logo.jpg|60x60px]]
|[[Hadash|The Democratic Front for Peace and Equality]]<br /><small>{{Script/Hebrew|החזית הדמוקרטית לשלום ולשוויון‎‎}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ar| الجبهة الديمقراطية للسلاموالمساواة}}</small>
|Hadash<br /><small>{{Script/Hebrew|חד״ש‎}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ar|حداش}}</small>
|[[Ayman Odeh]]
|15 March 1977
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Communism]]<br>[[Two-state solution]]<br/>[[Non-Zionism]]<br/>[[Arab citizens of Israel|Israeli Arab]] interests
|[[Knesset]]: {{Composition bar|4|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}
|Formed from a merger of [[Maki (political party)|Rakah]], the [[Black Panthers (Israel)|Black Panthers]], and [[Moked]]. Formerly part of the [[Joint List]].
|-
|{{party color cell|Maki (political party)}}
|
|[[Communist Party of Israel]]<br /><small>{{Script/Hebrew|המפלגה הקומוניסטית הישראלית}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي الاسرائيلي}}</small>
|Maki<br /><small>{{Script/Hebrew|מק״י‎}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ar|ماكي}}</small>
|''Collective leadership''
|1 September 1965
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Alter-globalization]]<br>[[Anti-Zionism]]
|[[Knesset]]: {{Composition bar|2|120|hex={{party color|Maki (political party)}}}}
| Merged into [[Hadash]] in 1977 and as of 2022 its largest faction.
|-
|{{party color cell|Da'am Workers Party}}
|[[File:דעם לוגו.jpg|60x60px]]
|[[Da'am Workers Party]]<br /><small>{{Script/Hebrew|דעם מפלגת פועלים}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ar|حزب دعم العمالي}}</small>
|Da'am<br /><small>{{Script/Hebrew|דע"ם}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ar|دعم}}</small>
|''Collective leadership''
|1995
|[[Secularism]]<br>[[Marxism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]<br>[[Postnationalism]]<br>[[Non-Zionism]]<br>[[One-state solution]]
|[[Knesset]]: {{Composition bar|0|120|hex={{party color|Da'am Workers Party}}}}
| rowspan="6" |
|-
| rowspan="5" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Italy}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Refoundation Party}}
|[[File:Rifondazione Comunista.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Refoundation Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|it|Partito della Rifondazione Comunista}}</small>
|PRC
|[[Maurizio Acerbo]]
|6 January 1991
|[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Soft Euroscepticism]]
| rowspan="5" |[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|400| {{party color|Communist Refoundation Party}}}}
[[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|206| {{party color|Communist Refoundation Party}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Party of Italian Communists}}
|[[File:Partito Comunista Italiano (2016).svg|59x59px]]
|[[Italian Communist Party (2016)|Italian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|it|Partito Comunista Italiano}}</small>
|PCI
|Mauro Alboresi
|26 June 2016
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism]]
|-
|style="background-color: Red|
|
|[[Italian Marxist–Leninist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|it|Partito Marxista-Leninista Italiano}}</small>
|PMLI
|[[Giovanni Scuderi]]
|April 1977
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party (Italy)}}
|[[File:Logo of the Communist Party (Italy).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|it|Partito Comunista}}</small>
|PC
|[[Marco Rizzo]]
|3 July 2009
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism|Hard Euroscepticism]]<br/>[[Sovereigntism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Alternative Party}}
|
|[[Communist Alternative Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|it|Partito di Alternativa Comunista}}</small>
|PdAC
|Francesco Ricci
|7 January 2007
|[[Trotskyism]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Japan}}
|{{party color cell|Japanese Communist Party}}
|[[File:Flag of JCP.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Japanese Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ja|日本共産党}}</small>
|JCP
|[[Tomoko Tamura]]
|15 July 1922
|[[Scientific socialism]]<br>[[Progressivism]]<br>[[Pacifism]]<br/>[[Democratic socialism]]
|[[House of Representatives (Japan)|Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|10|465|{{party color|Japanese Communist Party}}}}
[[House of Councillors|Councillors]]: {{Composition bar|11|248|{{party color|Japanese Communist Party}}}}
|Banned in 1925 under the [[Peace Preservation Law]]. Legalized by the [[Occupation of Japan|Allied military occupation]] following [[Surrender of Japan|Japan's military defeat]] in [[World War II]].
|-
|style="background-color: Red|
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Japanese Communist Party (Action Faction)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ja|日本共産党 (行動派)}}</small>
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
|1980
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[House of Representatives (Japan)|Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|465|}}
[[House of Councillors|Councillors]]: {{Composition bar|0|248|}}
| rowspan="18" |
|-
|style="background-color: Red|
|[[Japanese Communist Party (Left Faction)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ja|日本共産党 (左派)}}</small>
|1969
|[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Jordan}}
|{{party color cell|Jordanian Communist Party}}
|[[File:Flag of the Jordanian Communist Party.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Jordanian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشیوعی الاردني}}</small>
|JCP
|Faraj Al-Tameezi
|1948
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Republicanism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Parliament of Jordan|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|130|{{party color|Jordanian Communist Party}}}}
[[Parliament of Jordan|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|75|{{party color|Jordanian Communist Party}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Jordanian Democratic People's Party}}
| rowspan="3" |
|[[Jordanian Democratic People's Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|حزب الشعب الديمقراطي الأردني}}</small>
|HASHD
|
|1989
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Palestinian nationalism]]<br>[[Anti-Zionism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br>[[Secularism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Kazakhstan}}
|style="background-color: #E31E24|
|[[Communist Party of Kazakhstan]]<br /><small>{{lang|kk|Қазақстан Коммунистік партиясы}} / {{lang|kk|Qazaqstan Kommunistık Partiasy}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунистическая партия Казахстана}}</small>
|ҚКП / QKP <br /><small>{{lang|ru|КПК}}</small>
|Toleubek Makhzhanov
|16 October 1991
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Banned
|-
|style="background-color: #FE0000|
|[[Socialist Movement of Kazakhstan]]<br /><small>{{lang|kk|Қазақстанның Социалистік Қозғалысы}} / {{lang|kk|Qazaqstannıñ Socïalïstik Qozğalısı}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ru|Социалистическое Движение Казахстана}}</small>
|ҚСҚ / QSQ <br /><small>{{lang|ru|СДК}}</small>
|Ainur Kurmanov
|20–21 May 2006
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Kenya}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Kenya}}
|[[File:Communist Party of Kenya Flag.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Kenya]]
|CPK
|Mwandawiro Mgangah<ref>{{cite web | url=https://cpk.ke/cpk-central-committee/ | title=Central Committee }}</ref>
|1992
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Social democracy]] <small>(until 2019)</small>
|[[National Assembly (Kenya)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|349|}}
[[Senate of Kenya|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|67|}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Kuwait}}
|style="background-color: #81021f|
|[[File:Kuwaiti Progressive Movement.jpg|60x60px]]
|[[Kuwaiti Progressive Movement]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحركة التقدمية الكويتية}}</small>
| colspan="3" |
|[[Anti-capitalism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br/>[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|[[National Assembly (Kuwait)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|64|#81021f}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Kyrgyzstan}}
|{{party color cell|Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan}}
|[[File:Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan flag.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /><small>{{lang|ky|Кыргызстан Коммунисттеринин Партиясы}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ru|Партия Коммунистов Киргизии}}</small>
|PKK<br /><small>{{lang|ru|ПКК}}</small>
|Iskhak Masaliyev
|22 June 1992
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]
|[[Supreme Council (Kyrgyzstan)|Supreme Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|90|{{party color|Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan}}}}
|-
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan}}
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]]<br /><small>{{lang|ky|Кыргызстан Коммунисттик партиясы}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунистическая Партия Киргизстана}}</small>
|KPK<br /><small>{{lang|ru|КПК}}</small>
|Clara Azhibekovna
|29 August 1999
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|[[Supreme Council (Kyrgyzstan)|Supreme Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|90|{{Party color|Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan}}}}
|-
| rowspan="1" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Latvia}}
|{{Party color cell|Socialist Party of Latvia}}
|[[Socialist Party of Latvia]]<br /><small>{{lang|lv|Latvijas Sociālistiskā partija}}</small>
|LSP
|Vladimirs Frolovs
|15 January 1994
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|[[Saeima]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|{{Party color|Socialist Party of Latvia}}}}
|-
| rowspan="5" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Lebanon}}
| rowspan="5" style="background-color: #CE1C18" |
|[[File:Flag of the Lebanese Communist Party.svg|60px]]
|[[Lebanese Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي اللبناني}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste libanais}}</small>
|LCP<br /><small>{{lang|fr|PCL}}</small>
|[[Hanna Gharib]]
|1924
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Nonsectarianism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br/>[[Anti-Zionism]]
|[[Parliament of Lebanon|Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|1|128|#CE1C18}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Toilers League]]<br/>{{Lang|ar|رابطة الشغيلة}}<br/><small>{{lang|fr|Ligue des Travailleurs}}</small>
|TL<br/><small>{{lang|fr|LDT}}</small>
|[[Zaher el-Khatib]]
|1960s
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="4" |[[Parliament of Lebanon|Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|0|128|#CE1C18}}
|-
|[[Arab Socialist Action Party – Lebanon]]<br/>{{Lang|ar|حزب العمل الاشتراكي العربي – لبنان}}<br/><small>{{lang|fr|Parti d’action socialiste arabe – Liban}}</small>
|ASAP-L<br/><small>{{lang|fr|PASA-L}}</small>
|[[George Habash]]
|1969
|[[Marxism]]
|-
|[[File:Flag of the Toilers League (Lebanon).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Communist Group (Lebanon)|Revolutionary Communist Group]]<br/>{{Lang|ar|المجموعة الشيوعية الثورية}}<br/>{{Lang|fr|Groupe communiste révolutionnaire}}
|RCG<br/><small>{{lang|fr|GCR}}</small>
|''Collective leadership''
| rowspan="2" |1970
|[[Trotskyism]]
|-
|[[File:OACLsymbol.PNG|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Action Organization in Lebanon]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|منظمة العمل الشيوعي في لبنان‎}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|fr|Organisation de l'Action Communiste du Liban}}</small>
|CAOL<br /><small>{{lang|fr|OACL}}</small>
|Zaki Taha
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Lesotho}}
|style="background-color: red" |
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Communist Party of Lesotho]]<br /><small>{{lang|st|Mokhatlo oa Makomonisi a Lesotho}}</small><br />
|CPL
|Manny Stevenson
|5 May 1962
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|[[National Assembly (Lesotho)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|120|red}}
[[Senate of Lesotho|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|33|red}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Lithuania}}
|{{party color cell|Socialist People's Front}}
|[[Socialist People's Front]]<br /><small>{{lang|lt|Socialistinis liaudies frontas}}</small><br />
|SLF
|Giedrius Grabauskas
|2009
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Democratic socialism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]
|[[Seimas]]: {{Composition bar|0|141|{{party color|Socialist People's Front}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}
|[[File:Emblem of the Lithuanian SSR.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Lithuania]]<br /><small>{{lang|lt|Lietuvos komunistų partija}}</small>
|LKP
|''vacant''
|1 October 1918
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]
|align="center" colspan="1" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Banned
|Banned in Lithuania following the [[1991 Soviet coup attempt]], continues to operate underground
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Luxembourg}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Luxembourg}}
|[[File:Kommunistesch Partei Letzebuerg Logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Luxembourg]]<br /><small>{{lang|lb|Kommunistesch Partei vu Lëtzebuerg}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti Communiste Luxembourgeois}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|de|Kommunistische Partei Luxemburgs}}</small>
|KPL<br />PCL
|Ali Ruckert
|2 January 1921
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
|[[Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|60|{{party color|Communist Party of Luxembourg}}}}
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Madagascar}}
|{{party color cell|Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar}}
| rowspan="5" |
|[[Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar]]<br /><small>{{lang|mg|Antoko'ny Kongresi'ny Fahaleovantenan'i Madagasikara}}</small>
|AKFM
| rowspan="2" |
|8 November 1958
|[[Marxism]]
|[[National Assembly (Madagascar)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|151|{{party color|Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar}}}}
[[Senate (Madagascar)|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|18|{{party color|Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar}}}}
|Member of the ruling [[Democratic Republic of Madagascar|National Front for the Defense of the Revolution]] from 1976 to 1989
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Mali}}
|style="background-color: red|
|[[Malian Party of Labour]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti malien du travail}}</small>
|PMT
|1965
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]
|[[National Assembly (Mali)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|147|red}}
|Member of [[Alliance for Democracy in Mali|ADEMA]] since 1990
|-
|{{party color cell|African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence}}
|[[African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Solidarité Africaine pour la Démocratie et l'Indépendance}}</small>
|SADI
|[[Oumar Mariko]]
|1996
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]
|[[National Assembly (Mali)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|3|147|{{party color|African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence}}}}
| rowspan="5" |
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Malta}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Malta}}
|[[Communist Party of Malta]]<br /><small>{{lang|mt|Partit Komunista Malti}}</small>
|PKM
|Victor Degiovanni
|1969
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|[[Parliament of Malta|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|79|{{party color|Communist Party of Malta}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Martinique}}
|{{party color cell|Martinican Communist Party}}
|[[Martinican Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti communiste martiniquais}}</small>
|PCM
|Georges Erichot
|September 1957
|[[Autonomism (political doctrine)|Autonomism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Assembly of Martinique]]: {{Composition bar|0|51|{{party color|Martinican Communist Party}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: #FF0000" |
|[[File:PKLS Logo.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party for Independence and Socialism]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti Communiste pour l'Indépendance et le Socialisme}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|gcf|Pati Kominis pou Lendépandans èk Sosyalism}}</small>
|PCLS<br />PKLS
| rowspan="2" |
|22 May 1984
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Martinique|Martinican independence]]
|-
| rowspan="6" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Mexico}}
|[[File:Emblema PPS.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Popular Socialist Party (Mexico)|Popular Socialist Party]]
|PSP
|1948
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|500|{{party color|Popular Socialist Party of Mexico}}}}
[[Senate of the Republic (Mexico)|Senate of the Republic]]: {{Composition bar|0|128|{{party color|Popular Socialist Party of Mexico}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Popular Socialist Party of Mexico}}
|
|[[Popular Socialist Party of Mexico]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Popular Socialista de México}}</small>
|PPSM
|Cuauhtémoc Amezcua Dromundo
|1997
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Latin American integration]]
|Not registered or recognized by the ''[[Instituto Nacional Electoral|INE]]''
|-
|{{party color cell|Workers' Revolutionary Party (Mexico)}}
|[[File:PRT Party (Mexico).png|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Revolutionary Party (Mexico)|Workers' Revolutionary Party]]<br/><small>{{Lang|es|Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores}}</small>
|WRP
|
|2009
|[[Trotskyism]]
|Dissolved in 1996, revived in 2009
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Emblema del Partido Comunista de Mexico.jpg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Mexico (1994)|Communist Party of Mexico]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de México}}</small>
|PCM
|Pável Blanco Cabrera
|20 November 1994
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="3" |
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Mexico (Marxist–Leninist)}}
|[[File:Partido Comunista México ML.png|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Mexico (Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de México (Marxista-Leninista)}}</small>
|PCM (ML)
|
|1978
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red|
|
|[[Communists' Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido de los Comunistas}}</small>
|PdelosC
|Luis Alfonso Vargas Silva
|2003
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Moldova}}
|{{party color cell|Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova}}
|[[File:Logo of the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova.svg|60px]]
|[[Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova]]<br /><small>{{lang|ro|Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova}}</small>
|PCRM
|[[Vladimir Voronin]]
|22 October 1993
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Social conservatism]]<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br>[[Moldovenism]]<br>[[Russophilia|Pro-Russia]]
|[[Parliament of Moldova|Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|8|101|{{party color|Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova}}}}
|Member of [[Electoral Bloc of Communists and Socialists|BECS]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Montenegro}}
|{{party color cell|Yugoslav Communist Party of Montenegro}}
|[[File:Red star with hammer and sickle.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Yugoslav Communist Party of Montenegro]]<br /><small>{{lang|cnr|Jugoslovenska komunistička partija}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|cnr|Југословенска комунистичка партија}}</small>
|JKP CG / ЈКП-ЦГ
|Radislav Stanišić
|25 September 2009
|[[Titoism]]<br>[[Pensioner|Pensioners' rights]]<br>[[Yugo-nostalgia]]
|[[Parliament of Montenegro|Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|0|81| red}}
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Morocco}}
|style="background-color: red" |
|
|[[Democratic Way]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|النهج الديمقراطي}}</small>
|
|Abdallah El Harif
|1995
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]
|[[House of Representatives (Morocco)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|395| red}}
[[House of Councillors (Morocco)|House of Councillors]]: {{Composition bar|0|120| red}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Myanmar}}
|style="background-color: #CC232A" |
|[[File:Communist Party of Burma Banner.png|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Burma]]<br /><small>{{lang|my|ဗမာပြည်ကွန်မြူနစ်ပါတီ}}</small>
|CPB
|
|15 August 1939
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br/>[[Federalism]]
|align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Banned
|Led an insurgency from 1948 to 1989. Rearmed in 2021 and currently engaged in [[guerrilla warfare]] against the [[State Administration Council|SAC]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Namibia}}
|style="background-color: red" |
|
|[[Workers Revolutionary Party (Namibia)|Workers Revolutionary Party]]
|WRP
|''Collective leadership''
|May 1989
|[[Trotskyism]]
|[[National Assembly (Namibia)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|104| red}}
[[National Council (Namibia)|National Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|42| red}}
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Nepal}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)}}
| [[File:CPN-UML.svg|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी)}}</small>
| CPN (UML)<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेकपा (एमाले)}}</small>
| [[K. P. Sharma Oli]]
| {{Start date|1991|1|6|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[People's Multiparty Democracy]]
|[[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|78|275| {{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)}}}}
[[National Assembly (Nepal)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|17|59| {{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)}}}}
| Merged with the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|CPN (MC)]] to form the [[Nepal Communist Party|NCP]] in 2018, refounded in 2021
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (2002)}}
|[[File:CPN-ML.jpg|59x59px]]
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (2002)|Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी)}}</small>
|CPN (ML)
|[[C. P. Mainali]]
|17 February 2002
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|[[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|275| {{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (2002)}}}}
[[National Assembly (Nepal)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|59| {{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (2002)}}}}
| rowspan="3" |
|-
|{{party color cell|Nepal Workers Peasants Party}}
|[[File:NWPP-logo.png|59x59px]]
|[[Nepal Majdoor Kisan Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल मजदुर किसान पार्टी}}</small>
|NWPP
|[[Narayan Man Bijukchhe]]
|23 January 1975
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br/>''[[Juche]]''
|[[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|1|275| {{party color|Nepal Workers Peasants Party}}}}
[[National Assembly (Nepal)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|59| {{party color|Nepal Workers Peasants Party}}}}
|-
|style="background-color: red" |
|[[File:Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) (2006).svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) (2006)|Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (मार्क्सवादी)}}</small>
|
|Durga Prasad Gyawali
|2006
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|275| red}}
[[National Assembly (Nepal)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|59| red}}
|-
|style="background-color: red" |
|[[File:Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist).svg|55px]]
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|ne|नेपाल कम्यूनिष्ट पार्टी (क्रान्तिकारी माओवादी)}}</small>
|CPN (RM)
|[[Mohan Baidya]]
|19 June 2012
|[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]
|Operates underground and participates in elections through a [[front organization]]; the Patriotic People's Republican Front
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Netherlands}}
|{{party color cell|New Communist Party of the Netherlands}}
|[[File:NCPN logo 2021 small.svg|60x60px]]
|[[New Communist Party of the Netherlands]]<br /><small>{{lang|nl|Nieuwe Communistische Partij Nederland}}</small>
|NCPN
|Job Pruijser
|14 November 1992
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Euroscepticism]]
|[[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|150|{{party color|New Communist Party of the Netherlands}}}}
[[Senate (Netherlands)|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|75|{{party color|New Communist Party of the Netherlands}}}}
| rowspan="9" |
|-
|style="background-color: #CC0000" |
|[[File:VCP logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[United Communist Party (Netherlands)|United Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|nl|Verenigde Communistische Partij}}</small>
|VCP
|[[Engel Modderman]]
|1999
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|150|#CC0000}}
[[Senate (Netherlands)|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|75|#CC0000}}
|-
|style="background-color: Red" |
|[[File:Rode Morgen.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Group of Marxist–Leninists/Red Dawn]]<br /><small>{{lang|nl|Groep Marxisten-Lenisten/Rode Morgen}}</small>
|GML/Rode Morgen
|Jeroen Toussaint
|1977
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|150|Red}}
[[Senate (Netherlands)|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|75|Red}}
|-
| rowspan="1" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|New Zealand}}
|style="background-color: Red" |
| rowspan="4" |
|[[Communist League (New Zealand)|Communist League]]
|The League
| rowspan="3" |
|1969
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[New Zealand House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|120|Red}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Nicaragua}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Nicaragua}}
|[[Communist Party of Nicaragua]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Nicaragua}}</small>
|PCdeN; PCN
|12 October 1967
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[National Assembly (Nicaragua)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|90|{{party color|Communist Party of Nicaragua}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Marxist–Leninist Popular Action Movement}}
|[[Marxist–Leninist Popular Action Movement]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Movimiento de Acción Popular – Marxista–Leninista}}</small>
|MAP-ML
|1972
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
| {{flag+link|List of political parties in|North Macedonia}}
|style="background-color: red" | 
|[[Communist Party of Macedonia–Tito's Forces]]<br /><small>{{lang|mk|Комунистичка партија на Македонија — Титови сили}}</small>
|KPM-TS<br /><small>{{lang|mk|КПМ—ТС}}</small>
|Goran Arsovski
|26 October 2005
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Titoism]]
|[[Assembly of North Macedonia|Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|120| red}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Norway}}
|style="background-color: #FF0000" |
|[[File:Norwegian Communist Party.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Norway]]<br /><small>{{lang|no|Norges Kommunistiske Parti}}</small>
|NKP
|Runa Evensen
|4 November 1923
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
|[[Storting]]: {{Composition bar|0|169|#FF0000}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Red Party (Norway)}}
|[[File:Rødt logo (bokmål).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Red Party (Norway)|Red Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|no|Rødt}}</small>
|R
|[[Bjørnar Moxnes]]
|11 March 2007
|[[Democratic socialism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]<br/>[[Marxism]]
|[[Storting]]: {{Composition bar|8|169|{{party color|Red Party (Norway)}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Pakistan}}
|style="background-color: #FF3028" |
|[[File:Communist Party of Pakistan logo.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Pakistan]]<br /><small>{{lang|ur|کمیونسٹ پارٹی آف پاکستان}}</small>
|CPP
|Imdad Qazi
|6 March 1948
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[National Assembly (Pakistan)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|342|#FF3028}}
[[Senate of Pakistan|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|#FF3028}}
|Not registered with the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]]
|-
|style="background-color: red" |
|[[File:Flag of the Mazdoor Kisan Party.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Mazdoor Kisan Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ur|مزدور کسان پارٹی}}</small>
|MKP
|Afzal Khamosh
|1 May 1968
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |{{flag+link|Politics of|Palestine|name=Palestine}}
| {{party color cell|Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine}}
|
| [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين}}</small>
| PFLP
| [[Ahmad Sa'adat]]
| data-sort-value="1967-12-11"|{{Start date|1967|12|11|df=yes}}
| [[Palestinian nationalism]]<br/>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Revolutionary socialism]]<br/>[[Pan-Arabism]]<br/>[[Arab nationalism]]<br/>[[One-state solution]]<br/>[[Anti-Zionism]]
| [[Palestinian Legislative Council|Legislative Council]]: {{Composition bar|3|132|{{party color|Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine}}}}
| rowspan=3 | Member of the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine}}
| [[File:Flag of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine.svg|60x60px]]
| [[Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين}}</small>
| DFLP
| [[Nayef Hawatmeh]]
| data-sort-value="1969-2-22"|{{Start date|1969|2|22|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]<br />[[Palestinian nationalism]]<br />[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br />[[Anti-Zionism]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Palestinian Legislative Council|Legislative Council]]: {{Composition bar|1|132|{{party color|Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Palestinian People's Party}}
| [[File:Palestinian People's Party.png|60x60px]]
| [[Palestinian People's Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|حزب الشعب الفلسطيني}}</small>
| PPP
| [[Bassam Al-Salhi]]
| data-sort-value="1982-02"|{{Start date|1982|2||df=yes}}
| [[Marxism]]<br>[[Palestinian nationalism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: #B00F15" |
|[[File:PCP Logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Palestinian Communist Party (1990s)|Palestinian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|الحزب الشیوعي الفلسطیني}}</small>
|PCP
|Mahmoud Saadeh
|December 1991
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Palestinian nationalism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Palestinian Legislative Council|Legislative Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|132|#B00F15}}
| rowspan="7" |
|-
|[[File:شعار الحزب الشيوعي الفلسطيني-الثوري.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Palestinian Communist Party]]<br/>{{Lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي الفلسطيني-الثوري}}
|RPCP
|[[Arabi Awwad]]
|October 1982
|[[Communism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|Politics of|Panama|name=Panama}}
| style="background-color: red " |
| rowspan="2" |
|Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist) of Panama<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista (marxista-leninista) de Panamá}}</small>
|PC(ml)P
| rowspan="2" |
|January 9, 1980
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[National Assembly (Panama)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|71| red}}
|-
| style="background-color: red " |
|[[November 29 National Liberation Movement]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Movimiento de Liberación Nacional 29 de noviembre}}</small>
|MLN-29
|July 29, 1970
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Paraguay}}
|{{party color cell|Paraguayan Communist Party}}
|[[File:PCP paraguay.jpg|60x60px]]
|[[Paraguayan Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Paraguayo}}</small>
|PCP
|Najeeb Amado
|19 February 1928
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Chamber of Deputies of Paraguay|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|80|{{party color|Paraguayan Communist Party}}}}
[[Senate of Paraguay|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|45|{{party color|Paraguayan Communist Party}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Partido Patria Libre}}
|[[File:Bandera del Partido Patria Libre.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Partido Patria Libre]]
|PPL
| rowspan="2" |
|3 February 1990
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Guevarism]]<br>[[Foco|Foco theory]]<br>[[Socialist patriotism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red|
|
|[[Paraguayan Communist Party (independent)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Paraguayo (independiente)}}</small>
|PCP(i)
|1967
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
| rowspan="5" | {{PER}}
| style="background-color: #ED1C24" |
| [[File:PCP Logo simplified.svg|60px]]
| [[Peruvian Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Peruano}}</small>
| PCP
| Luis Villanueva
| data-sort-value="1928-04-09"|{{Start date|1928|4|9|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Mariáteguism]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Congress of the Republic of Peru|Congress]]: {{Composition bar|0|130|#ED1C24}}
| rowspan="2" | Member of [[Together for Peru]], which participated in the [[Free Peru]]-led government
|-
| style="background-color: #B0070E" |
| [[File:Patria Roja logo.png|60px]]
| [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista del Perú – Patria Roja}}</small>
| PCP-PR
| [[Alberto Moreno (politician)|Alberto Moreno]]
| data-sort-value="1970"|{{Start date|1970|df=yes}}
| {{ubl|[[Marxism–Leninism]]|[[Mariáteguism]]|[[Socialist patriotism]]|[[Anti-revisionism]]}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Free Peru}}
| [[File:Perú Libre logo.svg|60px]]
| [[Free Peru]]<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Peru confirms new moderate-left cabinet |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/11/5/peru-appoints-new-cabinet-in-blow-to-presidents-opponents |access-date=2022-04-12 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref><br /><small>{{lang|es|Perú Libre}}</small>
| PL
| [[Vladimir Cerrón|Vladimir Cerron]]
| data-sort-value="2008-08-13"|{{Start date|2008|8|13|df=yes}}
| [[Socialism]]<br/>[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Mariáteguism]]
| [[Congress of the Republic of Peru|Congress]]: {{Composition bar|32|130|#B0070E}}
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|style="background-color: #BE0612|
|[[File:PCPmlLogo simplified.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Peruvian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Peruano (Marxista–Leninista)}}</small>
|PCP (ML)
| rowspan="2" |
|January 1964
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Maoism]] <small>(until 1970s)</small>
|[[Congress of the Republic of Peru|Congress]]: {{Composition bar|0|130| #BE0612}}
|-
|style="background-color: #CD0000|
|[[File:Shining Path Hammer and Sickle.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Shining Path]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Sendero Luminoso}}</small>
|PCP; PCP-SL
|1969
|[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]<br>[[Abimael Guzmán|Gonzalo Thought]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Banned
|Designated a [[terrorism|terrorist organization]] by the government of Peru
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Philippines}}
|style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Communist Party of the Philippines Hammer and Sickle.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of the Philippines]]<br /><small>{{lang|fil|Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas}}</small>
|CPP
|[[Benito Tiamzon]] (alleged) (deceased)
|26 December 1968
|[[National Democracy (Philippines)|National democracy]]<br>[[Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]
|Participant in the ongoing [[communist rebellion in the Philippines]], designated a [[terrorism|terrorist organization]] by the government of the Philippines and the [[United States Department of State|United States]]
|-
|style="background-color: red |
| [[File:Logo PKP-1930.png|60px]]
|[[Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930|Philippine Communist Party-1930]]<br /><small>{{lang|fil|Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930}}</small>
|PKP-1930
|Antonio E. Paris
|7 November 1930
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Democratic socialism]]
|[[House of Representatives of the Philippines|House of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|316| red}}
[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|24| red}}
|
|-
|style="background-color: red |
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Marxist–Leninist Party of the Philippines]]<br /><small>{{lang|fil|Partido Marxista–Leninista ng Pilipinas}}</small>
|MLPP
|
|1998
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Banned
|Participant in the ongoing [[communist rebellion in the Philippines]]
|-
| {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Poland}}
| style="background-color: #CC0000 |
|[[Polish Communist Party (2002)|Polish Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pl|Komunistyczna Partia Polski}}</small>
|KPP
|Beata Karoń
|20 July 2002
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Left conservatism]]
| colspan="1" align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Banned
| rowspan="3" |
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Portugal}}
| {{party color cell|Portuguese Communist Party}}
|[[File:Portuguese Communist Party logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Portuguese Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt|Partido Comunista Português}}</small>
|PCP
|''Collective leadership''
|6 March 1921
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
|[[Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)|Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|6|230|hex= {{party color|Portuguese Communist Party}}}}
|-
|style="background-color: #cc0000 |
|[[File:PCTP-MRPP logo.png|60x60px]]
|[[Portuguese Workers' Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt|Partido Comunista dos Trabalhadores Portugueses}}</small>
|PCTP/MRPP
|Maria Cidália Guerreiro
|1970
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[[Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)|Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|0|230|hex= #cc0000}}
|-
|style="background-color: red |
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Revolutionary Party of the Proletariat – Bases for Revolution]]<br /><small>{{lang|pt|Partido Revolucionário do Proletariado – Bases pela Revolução}}</small>
|PRP-BR
|Luis Cardoso
|17 July 2002
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Guevarism]]
|[[Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)|Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|0|230| red}}
|Founded as a successor to the [[Partido Revolucionário do Proletariado - Brigadas Revolucionárias|PRP-BR]]
|-
| rowspan="1" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Puerto Rico}}
|style="background-color: crimson |
|[[Communist Party of Puerto Rico]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Puerto Rico}}</small>
|PCPR
|
|2010
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Independence movement in Puerto Rico|Puerto Rican Independence]]
|[[House of Representatives of Puerto Rico|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|51| crimson }}
[[Senate of Puerto Rico|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|27| crimson }}
| rowspan="16" |
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Réunion}}
|{{party color cell|French Communist Party}}
|[[File:Proposed flag of Réunion (Nationalist movement).svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Réunion]]<br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti Communiste Réunionnais}}</small>
|PCR
|[[Élie Hoarau]]
|1959
|[[Post-Marxism]]<br>[[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]]
|[[French National Assembly|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|577|hex={{party color|French Communist Party}}}} [[French Senate|Senate]]: {{composition bar|1|348|hex={{party color|French Communist Party}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Romania}}
|style="background-color: red" |
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Communitarian Party of Romania]]<br /><small>{{lang|ro|Partidul Comunitar din România}}</small>
|PCDR
|Petre Ignatencu
|19 March 2010
|[[Communitarianism]]<br>[[Progressivism]]<br/>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br/>[[Anti-Americanism]]<br/>[[Anti-capitalism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Chamber of Deputies]]: {{composition bar|0|330|hex=red}} [[Senate of Romania|Senate]]: {{composition bar|0|136|hex=red}}
|-
|style="background-color: red" |
|[[Romanian Socialist Party (present-day)|Romanian Socialist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ro|Partidul Socialist Român}}</small>
|PSR
|Constantin Rotaru
|July 2003
|[[Eurocommunism]]<br>[[Progressivism]]<br>[[Equality feminism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>Anti-[[NATO]]<br/>[[Pro-Europeanism]]
|-
|rowspan="8" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Russia}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}
|[[File:KPRF Logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of the Russian Federation]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунистическая Партия Российской Федерации}}</small>
|CPRF<br /><small>{{lang|ru|КПРФ}}</small>
|[[Gennady Zyuganov]]
|{{Start date|1993|2|14|df=yes}}
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br/>[[Social conservatism]]<br/>[[Neo-Stalinism]]
|[[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|57|450|hex={{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|4|178|hex={{party color|Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}}}
|-
|style="background-color: #ED1515" |
|[[File:Left Front logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Left Front (Russia)|Left Front]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Левый фронт}}</small>
|
|[[Sergei Udaltsov]]
|18 October 2008
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-fascism]]<br>[[Anti-nationalism]]<br>[[Anti-liberalism]]<br>[[Anti-capitalism]]<br>[[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]]
|[[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|1|450|hex=#ED1515}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|0|178|hex=#ED1515}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}
|[[File:Logo of Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.svg|59x59px]]
|[[Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Российская коммунистическая рабочая партия в составе Коммунистической партии Советского Союза}}</small>
|RCWP-CPSU<br /><small>{{lang|ru|РКРП-КПСС}}</small>
|Stepan Malentsov
|27 October 2001
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|0|450|hex={{party color|Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|0|178|hex={{party color|Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Russian Labour Front}}
|[[File:Logo of the Russian Labour Front.svg|60px]]
|[[Russian Labour Front]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Российский трудовой фронт}}</small>
|RTF<br /><small>{{lang|ru|РТФ}}</small>
|Alexander Batov
|22 February 2010
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|0|450|hex={{party color|Russian Labour Front}}}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|0|178|hex={{party color|Russian Labour Front}}}}
|-
|style="background-color: #CC1100" |
|[[File:Logo of the Russian Maoist Party (2022).svg|60px]]
|[[Russian Maoist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Российская маоистская партия}}</small>
|RMP<br /><small>{{lang|ru|РМП}}</small>
|''Collective leadership''
|9 June 2000
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Proletarian internationalism]]<br>[[Feminism]]
|[[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|0|450|hex=#CC1100}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|0|178|hex=#CC1100}}
|-
|style="background-color: #C50534" |
|
|[[Labour Russia]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Трудовая Россия}}</small>
|LR<br /><small>{{lang|ru|ТР}}</small>
|Stanislav Ruzanov
|7 November 1991
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br>[[Direct democracy]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]
|[[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|0|450|hex=#C50534}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|0|178|hex=#C50534}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Russian Party of Freedom and Justice}}
|[[File:Russian Party of Freedom and Justice logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Russian Party of Freedom and Justice]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Российская партия свободы и справедливости}}</small>
|RPSS<br /><small>{{lang|ru|РПСС}}</small>
|[[Konstantin Rykov]]
|8 April 2012
|[[Social democracy]]<br>[[Russian nationalism]]
|[[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|0|450|hex={{party color|Russian Party of Freedom and Justice}}}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|0|178|hex={{party color|Russian Party of Freedom and Justice}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Communists of Russia}}
|[[File:Logo of the Communists of Russia.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communists of Russia]]<br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунисты России}}</small>
|CPCR<br /><small>{{lang|ru|РПСС}}</small>
|[[Sergey Malinkovich]]
|23 May 2009
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[[State Duma]]: {{composition bar|0|450|hex={{party color|Communists of Russia}}}} [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]: {{composition bar|0|178|hex={{party color|Communists of Russia}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Serbia}}
|{{party color cell|New Communist Party of Yugoslavia}}
|[[File:LogoNKPJ.svg|60px]]
|[[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]]<br /><small>{{lang|sr|Нова комунистичка партија Југославије}}</small> / {{lang|sr|Nova Komunistička Partija Jugoslavije}}
|NKPJ<br /><small>{{lang|sr|НKПЈ}}</small>
|Aleksandar Banjanac
|30 June 1990
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Yugoslavism]]<br/>[[Russophilia]]
|[[National Assembly (Serbia)|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|250|hex={{party color|New Communist Party of Yugoslavia}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Party of Labour (Serbia)}}
|[[File:Logo of the Party of Labour (Serbia).png|60x60px]]
|[[Party of Labour (Serbia)|Party of Labour]]<br /><small>{{lang|sr|Партија рада}}</small> / {{lang|sr|Partija rada}}
|PR<br /><small>{{lang|sr|ПР}}</small>
|''Collective leadership''
|28 March 1992
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[National Assembly (Serbia)|National Assembly]]: {{composition bar|0|250|hex={{party color|Party of Labour (Serbia)}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Slovakia}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Slovakia}}
|[[File:Logo of the Communist Party of Slovakia.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Slovakia]]<br /><small>{{lang|sk|Komunistická strana Slovenska}}</small>
|KSS
|[[Jozef Hrdlička]]
|29 August 1992
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[National Council (Slovakia)|National Council]]: {{composition bar|0|150|hex={{party color|Communist Party of Slovakia}}}}
|-
|style="background-color:red" |
| rowspan="5" |
|[[Dawn (Slovakia)|Dawn]]<br /><small>{{lang|sk|Úsvit}}</small>
|
|Luciana Hoptová
|25 May 2005
|[[Marxism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|South Africa}}
|{{party color cell|Economic Freedom Fighters}}
|[[Economic Freedom Fighters]]
|EFF
|[[Julius Malema]]
|26 July 2013
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Frantz Fanon|Fanonism]]<br>[[Sankarism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]]<br>[[Black nationalism]]<br>[[Anti-Zionism]]<br/>[[Left-wing populism]]
|[[National Assembly of South Africa|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|44|400|{{party color|Economic Freedom Fighters}}}}
[[National Council of Provinces|NCOP]]: {{Composition bar|11|90|{{party color|Economic Freedom Fighters}}}}
|Currently the third-largest party in both houses of the [[South African Parliament]].
|-
|{{party color cell|Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party (South Africa)}}
|[[Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party (South Africa)|Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party]]
|SRWP
|[[Irvin Jim]]
|March 2019
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|[[National Assembly of South Africa|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|400|{{party color|Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party (South Africa)}}}}
[[National Council of Provinces|NCOP]]: {{Composition bar|0|90|{{party color|Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party (South Africa)}}}}
| rowspan="3" |
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|South Ossetia}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of South Ossetia}}
|[[Communist Party of South Ossetia]]<br /><small>{{lang|os|Хуссар Ирыстоны Коммунистон парти}}</small>
|CPSO<br /><small>{{lang|os|ХИКп}}</small>
|[[Stanislav Kochiev]]
|1993
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]
|[[Parliament of South Ossetia|Parliament]]: {{composition bar|1|34|{{party color|Communist Party of South Ossetia}}}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|South Sudan}}
|{{party color cell|Sudanese Communist Party}}
|[[Communist Party of South Sudan]]
|CPSS
|[[Joseph Wol Modesto]]
|June 2011
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[National Legislative Assembly (South Sudan)|Legislative Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|400|{{party color|Sudanese Communist Party}}}}
[[Council of States (South Sudan)|Council of States]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|{{party color|Sudanese Communist Party}}}}
|-
| rowspan="15" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Spain}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain}}
|[[File:PCPE.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de los Pueblos de España}}</small>
|PCPE
|Julio Díaz
|15 January 1984
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]<br>[[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Congress of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|350|{{party color|Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain}}}}
[[Senate of Spain|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|263|{{party color|Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain}}}}
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist)}}
|[[File:Flag of the Second Spanish Republic (plain).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de España (marxista-leninista)}}</small>
|PCE (M–L)
|
|2006
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Republicanism in Spain|Republicanism]]
|-
|style="background-color:#FF0000" |
|[[File:Bandera del GRAPO.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Spain (Reconstituted)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)}}</small>
|PCE(r)
|Manuel Pérez Martínez
|1975
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Republicanism in Spain|Republicanism]]<br/>[[Maoism]] (until 1990s)
|align="center" colspan="1" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Banned
|Banned in 2003 due to links to the [[First of October Anti-Fascist Resistance Groups]]. Inactive as of 2006; not officially dissolved.
|-
|style="background-color:red" |
|[[File:Reconstrucción Comunista RC flag.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Marxist–Leninist Party (Communist Reconstruction)]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Marxista–Leninista (Reconstrucción Comunista)}}</small>
|PML(RC) / RC
|Roberto Vaquero Arribas
|6 October 2014
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Anti-fascism]]<br>[[Republicanism in Spain|Republicanism]]<br/>[[Proletarian internationalism]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Congress of Deputies]]: {{Composition bar|0|350|hex=red}}
[[Senate of Spain|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|263|hex=red}}
|Temporarily banned from December 2014 to 2017 due to alleged links to the [[Kurdistan Workers' Party|PKK]].
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Unification of Spain}}
|[[File:Logotipo similar a Unificacion Comunista de España.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Unification of Spain]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Unificación Comunista de España}}</small>
|UCE
|
|1973
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]
| rowspan="5" |
|-
|{{party color cell|Spanish Communist Workers' Party}}
|[[File:PCOE Logo.PNG|60x60px]]
|[[Spanish Communist Workers' Party (1973)|Spanish Communist Workers' Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Obrero Español}}</small>
|PCOE
|Francisco Barjas
|1973
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Anti-fascism]]<br>[[Republicanism in Spain|Republicanism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Revolutionary Communist Party (Spain)}}
| rowspan="3" |
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party (Spain)|Revolutionary Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Revolucionario}}</small>
|PCR
|
|1994
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Maoism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red" |
|[[Marxist–Leninist Front of the Peoples of Spain]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Frente Marxista-Leninista de los Pueblos de España}}</small>
|F(M-L)PE
|Gregorio Fernandez Lopez
|1987
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
|style="background-color: red" |
|[[Democratic Labour Party (Spain)|Democratic Labour Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido del Trabajo Democrático}}</small>
|PTD
|Miguel Ángel Villalón
|2013
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Republicanism in Spain|Republicanism]]<br>[[Feminism]]
|-
|style="background-color:red" |
|[[File:PSUC viu.png|60px]]
|[[Living Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia]]<br /><small>{{lang|ca|Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya Viu}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Socialista Unificado de Cataluña Vivo}}</small>
|PSUC Viu
|''Collective leadership''
|June 1997
|[[Republicanism in Spain|Republicanism]]<br>[[Federalism in Spain|Federalism]]
|[[Parliament of Catalonia]]: {{Composition bar|0|135|hex=red}}
| rowspan="2" |Regional party active in [[Catalonia]]
|-
|{{party color cell|United and Alternative Left}}
|[[File:Logotip d'EUiA.svg|59x59px]]
|[[United and Alternative Left]]<br /><small>{{lang|ca|Esquerra Unida i Alternativa}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|es|Izquierda Unida y Alternativa}}</small>
|EUiA
|[[Joan Josep Nuet]]
|1998
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Catalan independence movement|Catalan self-determination]]<br>[[Republicanism in Spain|Republicanism]]
|[[Parliament of Catalonia]]: {{Composition bar|0|135|{{party color|United and Alternative Left}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Endavant}}
|[[File:Endavant OSAN.png|70px]]
|[[Endavant|Forward–Socialist Organisation of National Liberation]]<br /><small>{{lang|ca|Endavant–Organització Socialista d'Alliberament Nacional}}</small>
|Endavant
|
|2000
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Catalan independence movement|Catalan independence]]<br>[[Catalan Countries]]<br>[[Socialist feminism]]<br>[[Anti-fascism]]<br>[[Euroscepticism]]
|[[Parliament of Catalonia]]: {{Composition bar|2|135|{{party color|Endavant}}}}
|Member of the [[Popular Unity Candidacy]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Galician People's Union}}
|[[File:Upg2.PNG|59x59px]]
|[[Galician People's Union]]<br /><small>{{lang|gl|Unión do Povo Galego}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|es|Unión del Pueblo Gallego}}</small>
|UPG
|[[Néstor Rego]]
|November 1963
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Galician nationalism]]
|[[Parliament of Galicia]]: {{Composition bar|4|75|{{party color|United and Alternative Left}}}}
|colspan="1" rowspan="2" |Regional party active in [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]]. Member of the [[Galician Nationalist Bloc]].
|-
|{{party color cell|Galician Movement for Socialism}}
|[[File:Mgs-logo1.PNG|59x59px]]
|[[Galician Movement for Socialism]]<br /><small>{{lang|gl|Movemento Galego ao Socialismo}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|es|Movimiento Gallego al Socialismo}}</small>
|MGS
|[[Rafa Villar]]
|2009
|[[Galician nationalism]]<br>[[Galician independence movement|Galician self-determination]]<br>[[Euroscepticism]]<br>[[Feminism]]
|[[Parliament of Galicia]]: {{Composition bar|1|75|{{party color|Galician Movement for Socialism}}}}
|-
|{{party color cell|Galician People's Front}}
|[[File:FPG logo.png|59x59px]]
|[[Galician People's Front]]<br /><small>{{lang|gl|Frente Popular Galega}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|es|Frente Popular Gallego}}</small>
|FPG
|Mariano Abalo
|1986
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Galician independence movement|Galician self-determination]]
|[[Parliament of Galicia]]: {{Composition bar|0|75|{{party color|Galician People's Front}}}}
|Regional party active in Galicia
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Sudan}}
| style="background-color: #ED2224" |
|[[File:Emblem of the Sudanese Communist Party.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Sudanese Communist Party]]
|SCP
|[[Muhammad Mukhtar Al-Khatib]]
|1946
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Transitional Legislative Council (Sudan)|Transitional Legislative Council]]:
{{composition bar|0|300|}}
| rowspan="3" |
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Sweden}}
| style="background-color: #C53737" |
|
|[[Communist Party of Sweden (1995)|Communist Party of Sweden]]<br /><small>{{lang|se|Sveriges Kommunistiska Parti}}</small>
|SKP
|Andreas Sörensen
|1977
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
|[[Riksdag]]:
{{composition bar|0|349|#C53737}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party (Sweden)}}
|[[File:Kommunistiska partiet logotyp 2018.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party (Sweden)|Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|se|Kommunistiska partiet}}</small>
|K
|Povel Johansson
|1970
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[[Riksdag]]:
{{composition bar|0|349|{{party color|Communist Party (Sweden)}}}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Switzerland}}
| style="background-color: red |
|[[File:Partito Comunista (Svizzera).tif|59x59px]]
|[[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|it|Partito Comunista}}</small>
|PC
|Massimiliano Arif Ay
|May 1944
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[National Council (Switzerland)|National Council]]: {{Composition bar|0|200|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}}
[[Council of States (Switzerland)|Council of States]]: {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}}
|Currently only active in [[Ticino]] and [[Grisons|the Grisons]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Swiss Party of Labour}}
|[[File:Logo of the Swiss Party of Labour.svg|59x59px]]
|[[Swiss Party of Labour]]<br /><small>{{lang|de|Partei der Arbeit der Schweiz}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|fr|Parti Suisse du Travail – Parti Ouvrier et Populaire}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|it| Partito Svizzero del Lavoro – Partito Operaio e Popolare}}</small>
|PdA<br>PST-POP<br>PdL-POP
|Norberto Crivelli
|14 October 1944
|[[Marxism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]
|[[National Council (Switzerland)|National Council]]: {{Composition bar|1|200|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}}
[[Council of States (Switzerland)|Council of States]]: {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}}
|
|-
| rowspan="8" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Sri Lanka}}
| style="background-color: red" |
|[[File:Communist Party of Sri Lanka logo.jpg|59x59px]]
|[[Communist Party of Sri Lanka]]<br /><small>{{lang|si|ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ කොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂය}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|இலங்கை கம்யூனிஸ்ட் கட்சி}}</small>
|CPSL<br /><small>{{lang|si|ශ්‍රීලංකොප}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|இ.க.க.}}</small>
|G. Weerasinghe
|1943
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| rowspan="8" |[[Parliament of Sri Lanka|Parliament]]: {{Composition bar|0|225|hex=red}}
| rowspan="2" |Part of various different coalition governments from 1970–1975, 1994–2000, 2004–2015 and 2020–2022
|-
| style="background-color: red" |
|[[File:LankaSamaSamajaLogo.png|59x59px]]
|[[Lanka Sama Samaja Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|si|ලංකා සම සමාජ පක්ෂය}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|லங்கா சமசமாஜக் கட்சி}}</small>
|LSSP<br /><small>{{lang|si|ලසසප}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|ல.ச.ச.க.}}</small>
|[[Tissa Vitharana]]
|18 December 1935
|[[Trotskyism]]
|-
| style="background-color: #FF0000" |
|[[File:South Asian Communist Banner.svg|59x59px]]
|[[Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist)]]<br /><small>{{lang|si|ලංකා කොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂය (මාඕවාදී)}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|சிலோன் கம்யூனிஸ்ட் கட்சி (மாவோயிஸ்ட்)}}</small>
|CCP (Maoist)
|
|1964
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
| rowspan="30" |
|-
| style="background-color: red" |
| rowspan="4" |
|[[Socialist Equality Party (Sri Lanka)|Socialist Equality Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|si|සමාජවාදී සමානතා පක්ෂය}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|சோசலிச சமத்துவக் கட்சி}}</small>
|SEP<br /><small>{{lang|si|සසප}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|சோ.ச.க.}}</small>
|Deepal Jayasekera
|1964
|[[Trotskyism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Socialist Party of Sri Lanka}}
|[[Socialist Party of Sri Lanka]]<br /><small>{{lang|si|ශ්‍රී ලංකා සමාජවාදී පක්ෂය}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|இலங்கை சோசலிச கட்சி}}</small>
|SPSL
|
|2006
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Trotskyism]]
|-
| style="background-color: #FF0000" |
|[[United Socialist Party (Sri Lanka)|United Socialist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|si|එක්සත් සමාජවාදි පකෂය}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|ஐக்கிய சோசலிச கட்சி}}</small>
|USP<br /><small>{{lang|si|එසප}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|ஐ.சோ.க.}}</small>
|[[Siritunga Jayasuriya]]
|2006
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Trotskyism]]
|-
| style="background-color: #FF0000" |
|[[New Democratic Marxist–Leninist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|si|නව-ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදී මාක්ස්-ලෙනින්වාදී පක්ෂය}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|புதிய-ஜனநாயக மார்க்சிச-லெனினிச கட்சி}}</small>
|NDMLP<br /><small>{{lang|si|නප්‍රමාලෙප}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|பு.ஜ.மா.லெ.க.}}</small>
|[[S. K. Senthivel]]
|3 July 1978
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Maoism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Frontline Socialist Party}}
|[[File:FSPlogo.png|59x59px]]
|[[Frontline Socialist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|si|පෙරටුගාමී සමාජවාදී පක්ෂය}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|முன்னிலை சோசலிசக் கட்சி}}</small>
|FLSP<br /><small>{{lang|si|පෙසප}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ta|மு.சோ.க.}}</small>
|[[Premakumar Gunaratnam]]
|9 April 2012
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
|-
| rowspan="6" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Syria}}
| style="background-color: #E90606" |
|
|[[People's Will Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|حزب الإرادة الشعبية}}</small>
|PWP
|''Collective leadership''
|2012
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
| rowspan="2" |[[People's Assembly of Syria|People's Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|250|hex=#E90606}}
|-
|
|[[File:Revolutionary left current in Syria logo.png|58x58px]]
|[[Syrian Revolutionary Left Current]]<br/><small>{{Lang|ar|تيار اليسار الثوري في سوريا}}</small>
|SRLC
|Ghayath Naisse
|October 2011
|[[Revolutionary socialism]]
|-
| rowspan="4" style="background-color: #FF0000" |
|[[File:Hizb Al-'Amal Al-Shuyu'iy.png|58x58px]]
|[[Communist Labour Party (Syria)|Communist Action Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|ar|حزب العمل الشيوعي}}</small>
|CAP
|Fateh Jamous
|August 1976
| rowspan="4" |[[Marxism-Leninism]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Banned
|-
|
|[[Arab Communist Party]]<br/><small>{{Lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي العربي}}</small>
|ACP
|''Collective leadership''
|February 1968
|-
|[[File:Bakdash communist party.png|58x58px]]
|[[Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)]]<br/><small>{{Lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي السوري}}</small>
|SCP(B)
|[[Ammar Bakdash]]
| rowspan="2" |1986
| rowspan="2" |[[People's Assembly of Syria|People's Assembly]]:{{Composition bar|0|250|hex=#E90606}}
|-
|
|[[Syrian Communist Party (Unified)]]<br/><small>{{Lang|ar|الحزب الشيوعي السوري (الموحد)}}</small>
|SCP(U)
|Yusuf Faisal
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Taiwan}}
| {{party color cell|Taiwan People's Communist Party}}
|[[File:Taiwan People's Communist Party Flag Updated.png|60x60px]]
|[[Taiwan People's Communist Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|zh-hans|臺灣人民共產黨}}</small>
|TPCP
|Lin Te-wang
|4 February 2017
|[[Chinese unification]]<br/>[[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]
|[[Legislative Yuan]]: {{Composition bar|0|113|hex={{party color|Taiwan People's Communist Party}}}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Tajikistan}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Tajikistan}}
|[[File:LogoKPT.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Tajikistan]]
|KPT
| rowspan="2" |
|6 December 1924
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]
| rowspan="5" |
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Togo}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Togo}}
|[[File:Communist Party of Togo Emblem.png|58x58px]]
|[[Communist Party of Togo]]
|PCT
|4 May 1980
|[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|''{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Transnistria}}''
| {{party color cell|Transnistrian Communist Party}}
|
|[[Transnistrian Communist Party]]
|PKP
|[[Nadezhda Bondarenko]]
|20 April 2003
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Soviet patriotism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Tunisia}}
| {{party color cell|Workers' Party (Tunisia)}}
|[[File:Parti des travailleurs (Tunisie).svg|59x59px]]
|[[Workers' Party (Tunisia)|Workers' Party]]
| rowspan="2" |
|[[Hamma Hammami]]
|January 3, 1986
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Pan-Arabism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Patriots' Unified Party}}
|
|[[Democratic Patriots' Unified Party]]
|[[Ziad Lakhdhar|Ziad Lakhdar]]
|1982
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
[[Anti-revisionism]]
[[Maoism]]
[[Arab nationalism]]
[[Criticism of Islamism|Anti-Islamism]]
|-
| rowspan="11" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Turkey}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Turkey (modern)}}
|[[File:TKP logo (2023).svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Turkey (modern)|Communist Party of Turkey]]
|TKP
|[[Kemal Okuyan]]
|11 November 2001
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Parliament]]:{{Composition bar|0|600|hex=#E90606}}
|-
|
|[[File:Türkiye İşçi Partisi.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Workers' Party of Turkey (2017)|Workers' Party of Turkey]]
|TİP
|[[Erkan Baş]]
|7 November 2001
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Left-wing populism]]<br/>[[Progressivism]]
|[[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Parliament]]:{{Composition bar|4|600|hex=#E90606}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Labour Party (Turkey)}}
|[[File:Emek Partisi Logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Labour Party (Turkey)|Labour Party]]
|EMEP
|[[Selma Gürkan]]
|25 November 1996
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|[[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Parliament]]:{{Composition bar|2|600|hex=#E90606}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist}}
|[[File:TKPML.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist]]
|TKP/ML
| rowspan="9" |
|24 April 1972
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
| rowspan="11" align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Banned
|-
| {{party color cell|Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)}}
|[[File:MLKP Badge.svg|59x59px]]
|[[Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)|Marxist–Leninist Communist Party]]
|MLKP
|10 September 1994
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist}}
|[[File:TKEP-L Logo.svg|59x59px]]
|[[Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist]]
|TKEP/L
|1 September 1990
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Workers Party of Turkey}}
|
|[[Communist Workers Party of Turkey]]
|TKİP
|November 1998
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)}}
|[[File:HAMMER-SICKLE-STAR.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)|Maoist Communist Party]]
|MKP
|15 September 2002
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front}}
|[[File:DHKP.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front]]
|DHKP/C
|30 March 1994
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Guevarism]]<br/>[[Foco theory]]<br/>[[Socialist patriotism]]<br/>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Kurdistan}}
|[[File:Flag of the Communist Party of Kurdistan.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Kurdistan]]
|KKP
|1982
|[[Kurdish nationalism|Kurdish self-determination]]
|-
| {{party color cell|Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan – Turkey)}}
|
|[[Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan – Turkey)]]
|BP (KK-T)
|1981
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Turkmenistan}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Turkmenistan (1998)}}
|[[File:Emblem of the Turkmen SSR.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Turkmenistan (1998)|Communist Party of Turkmenistan]]
|TKP
|1998
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Ukraine}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Ukraine}}
|[[File:Ukrainian Communist Party logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Ukraine]]<br /><small>{{lang|uk|Комуністична партія України}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунистическая партия Украины}}</small>
|KPU<br /><small>{{lang|ru|КПУ}}</small>
|[[Petro Symonenko]]
|19 June 1993
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Left-wing populism]]<br>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br>[[Russophilia|Pro-Russia]]<br/>[[Social conservatism]]
| rowspan="2" |Banned in 2015 under Ukraine's [[Decommunization in Ukraine|decommunization laws]], continues to operate underground
|-
|style="background-color: red |
|
|[[Union of Communists of Ukraine]]<br /><small>{{lang|uk|Союз комуністів України}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ru|Союз коммунистов Украины}}</small>
|SKU<br /><small>{{lang|ru|СКУ}}</small>
|
|December 19, 1992
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]
|-
| rowspan="10" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|United Kingdom}}
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Britain}}
|[[File:Logo of the Communist Party of Britain.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Britain]]
|CPB
|[[Robert Griffiths (politician)|Robert Griffiths]]
|1988
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Britain's Road to Socialism]]
| colspan="2" rowspan="10" |
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)}}
|
|[[Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]
|CPB-ML
|
|1968
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Maoism]] <small>(until 1979)</small>
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)}}
|[[File:Emblem of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]
| CPGB-ML
|Ella Rule
|July 3, 2004
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)}}
|[[File:CPGB hi res.png|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)]]
|CPGB (PCC)
|
|1991
|[[Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-Stalinism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|New Communist Party of Britain}}
|[[File:New Communist Party of Britain logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[New Communist Party of Britain]]
|NCP
|[[Andy Brooks]]
|1977
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Stalinism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br/>[[Hard Euroscepticism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)}}
| rowspan="4" |
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]
|CPE (ML)
| rowspan="2" |
|1979
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Hoxhaism]]<br/>[[Anti-revisionism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Revolutionary Communist Group (UK)}}
|[[Revolutionary Communist Group (UK)|Revolutionary Communist Group]]
|RCG
|1974
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br/>[[Anti-imperialism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist League (UK, 1988)}}
|[[Communist League (UK, 1988)|Communist League]]
|
|
|1998
|[[Fidelismo]]
[[Communism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)}}
|[[Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)|Workers Revolutionary Party]]
|WRP
|Joshua Ogunley
|1959
|[[Trotskyism]]
|-
|{{party color cell|Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)}}
|
|[[Socialist Workers Party (UK)|Socialist Workers Party]]
|SWP
|[[Alex Callinicos]] and Lewis Nielsen
|1977
|[[Trotskyism]]
[[Cliffite|Cliffism]]
[[Revolutionary socialism]]
|-
| rowspan="8" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|United States}}
| style="background-color:#c11616 |
|[[File:ACP_Logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[American Communist Party (2024)|American Communist Party]]
|ACP
|[[Haz Al-Din]]
|21 July 2024
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism (Marxism–Leninism)|Anti-revisionism]]
|[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|435|{{party color|Communist Party USA}}}}
[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|{{party color|Communist Party USA}}}}
| rowspan="9" |
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party USA}}
|[[File:CPUSA.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Communist Party USA]]
|CPUSA
|[[Joe Sims (politician)| Joe Sims]] <br />Rossana Cambron
|1 September 1919
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Bill of Rights socialism]]
|[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|435|{{party color|Communist Party USA}}}}
[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|{{party color|Communist Party USA}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Party for Socialism and Liberation}}
|[[File:Party for Socialism and Liberation Logo.svg|59x59px]]
|[[Party for Socialism and Liberation]]
|PSL
|''Collective leadership''
|June 2004
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]
|[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|435|{{party color|Party for Socialism and Liberation}}}}
[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|{{party color|Party for Socialism and Liberation}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Socialist Alternative (United States)}}
|[[File:Socialist Alternative (USA) logo.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Socialist Alternative (United States)|Socialist Alternative]]
|SA
|''Collective leadership''
|April 1986
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Revolutionary socialism]]<br>[[Trotskyism]]
|[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|435|{{party color|Socialist Alternative (United States)}}}}
[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|{{party color|Socialist Alternative (United States)}}}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Socialist Equality Party (United States)}}
|[[File:Sep-logo.png|60x60px]]
|[[Socialist Equality Party (United States)|Socialist Equality Party]]
|SEP
|[[David North (socialist)|David North]]
|September 1964
|[[Revolutionary socialism]]<br>[[Trotskyism]]
|[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|435|{{party color|Socialist Equality Party (United States)}}}}
[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|{{party color|Socialist Equality Party (United States)}}}}
|-
| style="background-color: #df1e23" |
|[[File:Workers_World_Party_New_Logo_2018.png|60x60px]]
|[[Workers World Party]]
|WWP
|Larry Holmes
|1959
|[[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Proletarian internationalism]]
|[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|435|#df1e23}}
[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|#df1e23}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Socialist Equality Party (United States)}}
|
|[[Socialist Workers Party (United States)|Socialist Workers Party]]
|SWP
|[[Jack Barnes (politician)|Jack Barnes]]
|January 1938
|[[Marxism]]<br>[[Castroism]]
|[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|435|{{party color|Socialist Equality Party (United States)}}}}
[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|{{party color|Socialist Equality Party (United States)}}}}
|-
| style="background-color: red" |
|[[File:Socialist Action logo (black).jpg|59x59px]]
|[[Socialist Action (United States)|Socialist Action]]
|
|[[Jeff Mackler]]
|1983
|[[Trotskyism]]
|[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{Composition bar|0|435|red}}
[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|100|red}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Uruguay}}
| style="background-color: red" |
|[[File:Logo pcu.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Revolutionary Communist Party of Uruguay]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Revolucionario}}</small>
|PCR
|Ricardo Cohen
|1972
|[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
|[[Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay|Chamber of Representatives]]: {{Composition bar|0|99|red}}
[[Senate of Uruguay|Senate]]: {{Composition bar|0|30|red}}
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Uzbekistan}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Uzbekistan (1994)}}
|[[File:Emblem of the Uzbek SSR.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Uzbekistan (1994)|Communist Party of Uzbekistan]]<br /><small>{{lang|uz|Ўзбекистон коммунистик партияси}} / {{lang|uz|Oʻzbekiston kommunistik partiyasi}}</small><br /><small>{{lang|ru|Коммунистическая партия Узбекистана}}</small>
|КПУз / OʻzKP <br /><small>{{lang|ru|СДК}}</small>
|Kaxramon Mahmudov
|1994
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br/>[[Socialism]]<br/>[[Soviet patriotism]]<br/>[[Anti-clericalism]]
|align="center" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Banned
|Banned immediately after attempting to register with Uzbekistan's Central Election Commission
|-
| rowspan="4" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Venezuela}}
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of Venezuela}}
|[[File:PCV logo.svg|60px]]
|[[Communist Party of Venezuela]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista de Venezuela}}</small>
|PCV
|[[Óscar Figuera]]
|5 March 1931
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]
|[[National Assembly (Venezuela)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|1|277|{{party color|Communist Party of Venezuela}}}}
| rowspan="3" |
|-
|style="background-color: crimson |
|[[File:Logo of the Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Venezuela.svg|60x60px]]
|[[Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Venezuela]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Comunista Marxista Leninista de Venezuela}}</small>
|PCMLV
|
|2009
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Stalinism]]<br>[[Hoxhaism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>[[Anti-imperialism]]<br>Anti-[[Chavismo]]
|[[National Assembly (Venezuela)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|277|red }}
|-
|style="background-color:red |
|[[File:Bandera Roja (Venezuela).svg|60x60px]]
|[[Red Flag Party]]<br /><small>{{lang|es|Partido Bandera Roja}}</small>
|BR
|Gabriel Puerta Aponte
|20 January 1970
|[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br>[[Anti-revisionism]]<br>Anti-[[Chavismo]]
|[[National Assembly (Venezuela)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|277|red }}
|-
| {{party color cell|Tupamaro (Venezuela)}}
| [[File:Tupamaro Venezuela logo.png|60px]]
| [[Tupamaro (Venezuela)|Revolutionary Movement Tupamaro]]<small> ([[Popular Revolutionary Alternative]])</small><br /><small>{{lang|es|Movimiento Revolucionario Tupamaro}}</small>
| MRT
| 
| data-sort-value="1992"|{{Start date|1992|df=yes}}
| [[Marxism-Leninism]]<br>[[Guevarism]]<br/>[[Foco theory]]<br/>[[Left-wing nationalism]]<br/>[[Revolutionary socialism]]
| [[National Assembly (Venezuela)|National Assembly]]: {{Composition bar|0|277|{{party color|Tupamaro (Venezuela)}}}}
| Section of the party supporting the [[Popular Revolutionary Alternative|APR]]
|}

* All-Union Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Bolshevik Platform of the KPSS[17]

== Formerly communist ==
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%"
!Country
!Before
!Turned{{efn|{{Legend0|#ACE1AF|Ideologically transformed parties which are currently in power}}}}
!Notes
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link||Angola}}
|[[People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola]]
| colspan="1" style="background-color:#ACE1AF" | ''same name''
|Has abandoned Marxist-Leninism for social democracy
|-
|[[National Union for the Total Independence of Angola]]
| ''same name''
|Abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy and then for social conservatism
|-
|{{flag+link||Brazil}}
|Popular Socialist Party
| [[Cidadania]]
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy and later social liberalism
|-
|{{flag+link||Bulgaria}}
|[[Bulgarian Communist Party]]
| style="background-color:#ACE1AF" |[[Bulgarian Socialist Party]]
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy
|-
|{{flag+link||Cambodia}}
|[[Cambodian People's Party|Kampuchean Revolutionary People's Party]]
|colspan="1" style="background-color:#ACE1AF" | [[Cambodian People's Party]]
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for centrism
|-
|{{flag+link||Congo}}
|[[Congolese Party of Labour]]
|colspan="1" style="background-color:#ACE1AF" | ''same name''
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy
|-
|{{flag+link||Croatia}}
|[[League of Communists of Croatia]]
| [[Social Democratic Party of Croatia|Social Democratic Party]]
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism-Titoism for social democracy
|-
|{{flag+link||Kazakhstan}}
|[[Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan]]
| [[People's Party of Kazakhstan]]
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for democratic socialism
|-
|{{flag+link||Mongolia}}
|[[Mongolian People's Party|Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party]]
|colspan="1" style="background-color:#ACE1AF" | [[Mongolian People's Party]]
|Has abandoned Marxist-Leninism for social democracy
|-
|{{flag+link||Montenegro}}
|[[League of Communists of Montenegro]]
|[[Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro]]
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism-Titoism for social democracy and later neoliberalism
|-
|{{flag+link||Morocco}}
|[[Party of Progress and Socialism]]
|''same name''
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for democratic socialism 
|-
|{{flag+link||Mozambique}}
|[[FRELIMO]]
|colspan="1" style="background-color:#ACE1AF" | ''same name''
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for democratic socialism
|-
|{{flag+link||Serbia}}
|[[League of Communists of Serbia]]
| colspan="1" style="background-color:#ACE1AF" | [[Socialist Party of Serbia]]
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism-Titoism for social democracy
|-
|{{flag+link||Slovenia}}
|[[League of Communists of Slovenia]]
|colspan="1" style="background-color:#ACE1AF" | [[Social Democrats (Slovenia)|Social Democrats]]
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism-Titoism for social democracy
|-
|{{flag+link||Yemen}}
|[[Yemeni Socialist Party]]
|''same name''
|Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy
|}

== Defunct ==

=== Once ruling ===
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%"
!State
!Defunct Party
!Notes
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Afghanistan}}
|'''[[People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan]]'''
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Albania}}
|'''[[Party of Labour of Albania]]'''
|Succeeded by [[Socialist Party of Albania]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Benin}}
|'''[[People's Revolutionary Party of Benin]]'''
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bulgaria}}
|'''[[Bulgarian Communist Party]]'''
|Succeeded by the [[Bulgarian Socialist Party]]

|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Cambodia}}
|'''[[Communist Party of Kampuchea]]'''
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Czechoslovakia}}
|'''[[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]'''
|Czech Republic branch became the [[Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia]], and the Slovak branch became the [[Party of the Democratic Left (Slovakia)|Party of the Democratic Left]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Ethiopia}}
|'''[[Workers' Party of Ethiopia]]'''
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Germany}}
|'''[[Socialist Unity Party of Germany|Socialist Unity Party]]'''
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Grenada}}
|'''[[New Jewel Movement]]'''
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Hungary}}
|'''[[Hungarian Working People's Party]]'''
|
|-
|'''[[Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party]]'''
|Became the [[Hungarian Socialist Party]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Poland}}
|'''[[Polish United Workers' Party]]'''
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Romania}}
|'''[[Romanian Communist Party]]'''
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Somalia}}
|'''[[Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party]]'''
|
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Soviet Union}}
|'''[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]'''
|Formerly the [[Bolsheviks|Bolshevik]] faction of the [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Russian Social Democratic Labor Party]]
|-
|{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Yugoslavia}}
|'''[[League of Communists of Yugoslavia]]'''
|
|}

=== Non-ruling ===
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Armenia}} – Armenian Workers Communist Party, [[Armenian Workers Union]], [[Marxist Party of Armenia]], [[Union of Communists of Armenia]], [[Renewed Communist Party of Armenia]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Australia}} – [[Communist Party of Australia]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Barbados}} – [[Workers Party of Barbados]]
* {{flagicon|Basque Country}} [[List of political parties in the Basque Country|Basque Country]] – [[Auzolan]], [[Communist Movement of Euskadi]], [[Communist Party of the Basque Homelands]], [[Euskadiko Sozialisten Batasuna]], [[Euskal Herriko Alderdi Sozialista]], [[Euskal Iraultzarako Alderdia]], [[Eusko Alderdi Sozialista]], [[Herriko Alderdi Sozialista]], [[Navarrese Left Union]], [[Party of the Revolutionary Patriotic Workers]], [[People's Socialist Revolutionary Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Belgium}} – [[Union of Marxist–Leninist Communists of Belgium]], founded in 1970<ref>[http://www.lcr-lagauche.be/cm/index.php?view=article&id=663&tmpl=component&print=1&page=&Itemid=53&option=com_content "Syndicalisme de combat et parti révolutionnaire"<!-- Bot generated title -->]. Anticapitalist Left (in French). Retrieved 1 April 2020.</ref><ref>[http://www.marx.be/NL/cgi/emall.php?action=get_doc&id=22&doc=64 "Emall NL"<!-- Bot generated title -->] (in Dutch). ''Marxistische universiteit''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060115184204/http://www.marx.be/NL/cgi/emall.php?action=get_doc&id=22&doc=64|date=15 January 2006}}. Retrieved 1 April 2020.</ref>
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Belgium}} – [[Communist Party of Belgium – Marxist–Leninist]], founded in 1976.
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Brazil}} – [[Free Fatherland Party (Brazil)|Free Fatherland Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Bulgaria}} – [[Bulgarian Communist Party – Marxists]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Burkina Faso}} – [[African Independence Party (Burkina Faso)]], [[Burkinabé Bolshevik Party]], [[Burkinabé Communist Group]], [[Marxist–Leninist Group]], [[Organization for Popular Democracy – Labour Movement]], [[Party for Democracy and Socialism]], [[Party of Labour of Burkina]], [[Patriotic League for Development]], [[Union of Burkinabé Communists]], [[Union of Communist Struggles]], [[Union of Communist Struggles – Reconstructed]], [[Union of Communist Struggles – The Flame]], [[Voltaic Communist Organization]]
* {{flagicon|Catalonia}} [[List of political parties in Catalonia|Catalonia]] – [[Catalan Communist Party]], [[Iberian Communist Federation|Catalan-Balear Communist Federation]], [[Workers and Peasants' Bloc]], [[Catalan State-Proletarian Party]], [[Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia]], [[Socialist Party of National Liberation]], [[Party of the Communists of Catalonia]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Canada}} – [[Labor-Progressive Party]] (legal front of the Communist Party of Canada from 1943 to 1959), [[Workers' Communist Party of Canada]]
* {{flagicon|Channel Islands}} [[List of political parties in the United Kingdom|Channel Islands]] – [[Jersey Communist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Chile}} – [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], [[Revolutionary Left Movement (Chile)|Revolutionary Left Movement]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Colombia}} – [[Workers Revolutionary Party of Colombia]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Costa Rica}} – [[Costa Rican People's Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Cyprus}} – [[Communist Party of Cyprus]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Cuba}} – [[Popular Socialist Party (Cuba)|Popular Socialist Party]], joined [[Cuban Communist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|El Salvador}} – [[Communist Party of El Salvador]], merged into the [[FMLN]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Eswatini}} – [[Swaziland Communist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|The Gambia}} – [[Gambia Socialist Revolutionary Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Georgia}} – [[Revived Communist Party of Georgia]], [[Georgian Workers Communist Party]], [[Communist Party of Georgia]], [[New Communist Party of Georgia]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Germany}} – [[Spartacist League]] formed in 1918 and became the [[Communist Party of Germany]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|West Germany}} – [[Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin]], [[Communist Party of Germany]] (banned 1956 in West Germany)
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Guatemala}} – [[Guatemalan Party of Labour]], merged into the [[URNG]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Haiti}} – [[Haitian Communist Party]], [[Haitian Workers Party]], [[Unified Party of Haitian Communists]], merged into the [[National Reconstruction Movement]] in 1990
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Honduras}} – [[Communist Party of Honduras]], merged into the [[Patriotic Renewal Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Iceland}} – [[Communist Party of Iceland]], [[Communist Party of Iceland (Marxist–Leninist)]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|India}} – [[Indian Communist Party (Sen)]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Indonesia}} – [[Communist Party of Indonesia]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Ireland}} – [[Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist–Leninist)]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Iraq}} – [[Leninist Group in the Iraqi Communist Movement]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Israel}} – [[Maki (historical political party)|Maki]] (1948–1973) split in 1965 with formation of largely Arab [[Maki (current political party)|Rakah]] which changed its name to Maki in 1989
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Italy}} – [[Communist Party of Italy]], [[Italian Communist Party of the Julian March]], [[Marxist–Leninist Italian Communist Party]], Marxist–Leninist Revolutionary Party of Italy, [[Movement for Peace and Socialism]], Movement for the Confederation of the Communists
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Lebanon}} – [[Lebanese People's Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Malaysia}} – [[Malayan Communist Party]], [[North Kalimantan Communist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Mexico}} – [[Mexican Communist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Moldova}} – [[Communist Reformers Party of Moldova]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Myanmar}} – [[Communist Party (Burma)]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Namibia}} – [[Communist Party of Namibia (1981)|Communist Party of Namibia]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|New Caledonia}} – [[Communist Party of New Caledonia]]<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25169484 | jstor=25169484 | title=A Communist Party in New Caledonia (1941–1948) | last1=Kurtovitch | first1=Ismet | journal=The Journal of Pacific History | year=2000 | volume=35 | issue=2 | pages=163–179 | doi=10.1080/002233400445779 | s2cid=153697401 | url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Netherlands}} – [[Communist Party of the Netherlands]] merged into the [[GroenLinks]] in 1989, marxist-leninist dissidents within the party formed the NCPN in 1992.
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|New Zealand}} – [[Communist Party of New Zealand]], [[Socialist Unity Party of New Zealand|Socialist Unity Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Nigeria}} – [[Nigerian Communist Party]], [[Socialist Workers and Farmers Party of Nigeria]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|North Korea}} – [[Workers' Party of North Korea]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Norway}} – [[Workers' Communist Party (Norway)|Workers' Communist Party]] merged into the [[Red Party (Norway)|Red Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Palestine}} – [[Communist Party of Palestine]] (1921–1948)
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Poland}} – [[Communist Party of Poland]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Saudi Arabia}} – [[Communist Party in Saudi Arabia]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|South Korea}} – [[Workers' Party of South Korea]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Switzerland}} – [[Party of Labour Basel]], founded in 1944
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Syria}} - [[Syrian Communist Party]], [[Syrian Communist Party (Unified)]], [[Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Taiwan}} – [[Taiwanese Communist Party]], [[China Communist Alliance]], [[Communist Party of the Republic of China]], [[Taiwan Democratic Communist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Tatarstan}} – [[Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Thailand}} – [[Communist Party of Thailand]]
* ''{{flag+link|List of political parties in|Transnistria}}'' (unrecognized country) – [[Communist Party of Transnistria]]
* {{flagicon image|Free Territory Trieste Flag.svg}} [[List of political parties in the Free Territory of Trieste|Trieste]] – [[Communist Party of the Free Territory of Trieste]], merged into the [[Italian Communist Party]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Trinidad and Tobago}} – [[Communist Party of Trinidad and Tobago]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|Turkey}} – [[Communist Party of Turkey (historical)|Communist Party of Turkey]] (1920-1988), [[Workers' Party of Turkey (1961)|Workers' Party of Turkey]] (1961-1971, 1975-1980), [[United Communist Party of Turkey]], [[Labour Party of Turkey]], [[People's Liberation Party-Front of Turkey]], [[Communist Labour Party of Turkey]], [[Revolutionary Workers' and Peasants' Party of Turkey]], [[Revolutionary Communist Party of Turkey]], [[Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist – Hareketi|TKP/ML Hareketi]], [[Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist (New Build-Up Organization)|TKP/ML New Build-Up Organization]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|United Kingdom}} – [[Communist Party of Great Britain]], [[Communist Party of Scotland]]
* {{flag+link|List of political parties in|United States}} – [[Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) (United States)|Communist Party Marxist–Leninist]], [[May 19th Communist Movement]], [[Communist Workers' Party (United States)|Communist Workers Party]], [[Black Panther Party]], [[Communist Labor Party of America]], [[International Socialist Organization]]

== Left communist organizations by country ==
The following is a list of left communist organizations by country which list only those political organizations and parties who officially call themselves [[Left communism|left communist]] ideologically and still exist.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
!Country
!Organizations
|-
| colspan="2" |Ideologically [[left communist]] organizations
|-
|{{flag+link||Italy}}
| [[International Communist Party]]<br>[[Lotta Comunista]]
|-
|{{flag+link||Iran}}
|Internationalist Voice
|-
|{{flag+link||UK}}
|[[Communist Workers' Organisation (UK)|Communist Workers' Organisation]]<br>[[World Revolution]]
|-
|{{flag+link||USA}}
|International Communist Party <br>Internationalism<br>Internationalist Workers Group<br>Workers Offensive
|}

==See also==
* [[List of communist parties represented in European Parliament]]
* [[List of socialist parties with national parliamentary representation]]
* [[List of social democratic parties]]
* [[List of democratic socialist parties and organizations]]
* [[List of left-wing political parties]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100209092451/http://www.broadleft.org/index.htm Leftist Parties of the World] (last updated 4 October 2006)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tOL-f_KsaA Communist States animation (1850–2016)]

{{World topic|List of communist parties in|title=Lists of communist parties by country|noredlinks=yes}}

[[Category:Communist parties by country|*]]
[[Category:Lists of political parties by ideology|Communist]]