View source for List of built-in macOS apps

{{Short description|Components of macOS}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2023}}
{{macOS topics}}

This is a '''list of built-in apps''' and system components developed by [[Apple Inc.]] for [[macOS]] that come bundled by default or are installed through a system update. Many of the default programs found on macOS have counterparts on Apple's other operating systems, most often on [[iOS]] and [[iPadOS]].

Apple has also included versions of [[iWork]], [[iMovie]], and [[GarageBand]] for free with new device activations since 2013. However, these programs are maintained independently from the operating system itself.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-18 |title=Apple Makes iMovie, GarageBand, and iWork Apps for Mac and iOS Free for All Users |author-first1=Juli|author-last1=Clover|url=https://www.macrumors.com/2017/04/18/apple-imovie-garageband-iwork-free-for-all-users/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=MacRumors |language=en |archive-date=April 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203622/https://www.macrumors.com/2017/04/18/apple-imovie-garageband-iwork-free-for-all-users/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Similarly, [[Xcode]] is offered for free on the [[Mac App Store]] and receives updates independently of the operating system despite being tightly integrated.

== Applications ==

=== App Store ===
{{Main|Mac App Store}}

The Mac App Store is macOS's [[digital distribution]] platform for [[macOS]] apps, created and maintained by [[Apple Inc.]] based on the iOS version, the platform was announced on October 20, 2010, at Apple's "Back to the Mac" event.<ref name="Jan6">{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2010/12/16/apple-mac-app-store-open-for-business-starting-january-6th/ |title=Apple Mac App Store: open for business starting January 6th |author=Darren Murph |date=December 6, 2010 |work=[[Engadget]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |access-date=December 16, 2010 |archive-date=November 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116230658/https://www.engadget.com/2010/12/16/apple-mac-app-store-open-for-business-starting-january-6th/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="1-6-10-PCMAG-MACAPPSTORE">{{cite news | url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2375320,00.asp | title=Apple's Mac App Store: Hands On | access-date=January 6, 2011 | date=January 6, 2011 | work=PC Magazine | publisher=PC Magazine | first=Michael | last=Muchmore | archive-date=November 24, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124205232/https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2375320,00.asp | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="appleinsider 90 days">{{cite web |url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/10/10/20/apples_new_mac_app_store_coming_to_snow_leopard_within_90_days.html |title=Apple's new Mac App Store coming to Snow Leopard within 90 days |author=AppleInsider Staff |date=October 20, 2010 |work=AppleInsider.com |access-date=October 31, 2010 |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726154941/https://appleinsider.com/articles/10/10/20/apples_new_mac_app_store_coming_to_snow_leopard_within_90_days.html |url-status=live }}</ref> First launched on January 6, 2011, as part of the free Mac OS X 10.6.6 update for all current [[Mac OS X Snow Leopard|Snow Leopard]] users,<ref name="Jan6" /><ref name="1-6-10-PCMAG-MACAPPSTORE" /> Apple began accepting app submissions from [[Apple Developer|registered developers]] on November 3, 2010, in preparation for its launch.<ref name="accepting app submissions">{{cite web |url=http://macappstorereview.com/2010/11/03/apple-now-accepting-submissions-for-the-mac-app-store/ |title=Apple Now Accepting Submissions For The Mac App Store |author=Mac App Store Review |date=November 3, 2010 |work=MacAppStoreReview.com |access-date=November 3, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109005721/http://macappstorereview.com/2010/11/03/apple-now-accepting-submissions-for-the-mac-app-store/ |archive-date=November 9, 2010  }}</ref> After 24 hours of release, Apple announced that there were over one million downloads.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Mac App Store Downloads Top One Million in First Day |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]] |date=January 7, 2011 |url=https://www.apple.com/pr/library/2011/01/07macappstore.html |access-date=January 10, 2011 |archive-date=May 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110528030222/http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2011/01/07macappstore.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Automator ===
{{Main|Automator (macOS)}}

'''Automator''' is an app used to create [[workflow]]s for automating repetitive tasks into [[Batch processing|batches]] for quicker alteration via point-and-click (or [[drag and drop]]). This saves time and effort over human intervention to manually change each file separately. Automator enables the repetition of tasks across a wide variety of programs, including [[Macintosh Finder|Finder]], [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]], [[Calendar (Apple)|Calendar]], [[Contacts (application)|Contacts]] and others. It can also work with third-party applications such as [[Microsoft Office]], [[Adobe Photoshop]] or [[Pixelmator]].

The icon features a robot holding a pipe, a reference to [[Pipeline (software)|pipelines]], a [[computer science]] term for connected data workflows. Automator was first released with [[Mac OS X Tiger]] (10.4).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/1671/11|title=Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger Review|last=Shimpi|first=Anand Lal|access-date=May 9, 2018|archive-date=October 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028172622/https://www.anandtech.com/show/1671/11|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Books ===
{{Main|Apple Books}}
'''Books''', previously known as iBooks, is an [[Ebook|eBook]] reading application first released with [[OS X Mavericks]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-06-10 |title=Maps, iBooks, iCloud Keychain coming to OS X Mavericks |url=https://appleinsider.com/articles/13/06/10/maps-ibooks-icloud-keychain-coming-to-os-x-mavericks |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=AppleInsider |language=en |archive-date=December 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214153635/https://appleinsider.com/articles/13/06/10/maps-ibooks-icloud-keychain-coming-to-os-x-mavericks |url-status=live }}</ref> It allows users to read and purchase digital books, as well as listen to audiobooks. Reading goals can be set which encourage users to read for an amount of time each day.

=== Calculator ===
{{Main|Calculator (Apple)}}

'''Calculator''' is a basic [[calculator]] [[application (software)|application]] made by [[Apple Inc.]] and bundled with [[macOS]]. It has three modes: basic, scientific, and programmer. Basic includes a number pad, buttons for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing, as well as memory keys. Scientific mode supports exponents and trigonometric functions, and programmer mode gives the user access to more options related to [[computer programming]].

The Calculator program has a long history going back to the very beginning of the Macintosh platform, where a simple four-function calculator program was a standard [[desk accessory]] from the earliest system versions. Though no [[scientific calculator|higher math]] capability was included, third-party developers provided upgrades, and Apple released the [[NuCalc|Graphing Calculator]] application with the first [[PowerPC]] release (7.1.2) of the Mac OS, and it was a standard component through Mac OS 9. Apple currently ships a different application called [[Grapher]].

Calculator has [[Reverse Polish notation]] support, and can also speak the buttons pressed and result returned.

=== Calendar ===
{{Main|Calendar (Apple)}}

'''Calendar''', previously known as iCal before [[OS X Mountain Lion]], is a personal [[calendaring software|calendar app]] made by [[Apple Inc.]], originally released as a free download for [[Mac OS X v10.2]] on September 10, 2002, before being bundled with the operating system as iCal 1.5 with the release of [[Mac OS X Panther|Mac OS X v10.3]]. It tracks events and appointments added by the user and includes various holidays depending on the location the device is set to as well as birthdays from contacts. Users are also able to subscribe to other calendars from friends or third-parties.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple Calendar Guide: Everything You Need to Know About iCal |url=https://www.calendar.com/apple-calendar/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Calendar |language=en-US |archive-date=November 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221106224708/https://www.calendar.com/apple-calendar/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-10-19 |title=AppleInsider {{!}} Road to Mac OS X Leopard: iCal 3.0 [Page 2] |url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/07/10/17/road_to_mac_os_x_leopard_iCal_3_0.html&page=2 |access-date=2023-12-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019015944/http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/07/10/17/road_to_mac_os_x_leopard_iCal_3_0.html&page=2 |archive-date=October 19, 2007 }}</ref>

iCal was the first calendar application for Mac OS X to offer support for multiple [[calendar]]s and the ability to intermittently publish/subscribe to calendars on [[WebDAV]] servers. Calendar also offers online cloud backup of calendars using Apple's [[iCloud]] service, or it can synchronize with other calendar services, including [[Google Calendar]] and [[Microsoft Exchange Server]].

=== Chess ===

[[File:Chess screenshot.png|thumb|Screenshot of Apple Chess]]
'''Chess''' is a [[Video game graphics|3D]] [[chess]] game for [[macOS]], developed by [[Apple Inc.]] as a [[Fork (software development)|fork]] of [[GNOME Chess]] (formerly "glChess").<ref name="apple-chess-readme">{{Cite web|url = https://opensource.apple.com/source/Chess/Chess-410.4.1/README|title = Apple Chess README|access-date = January 11, 2016|website = Apple Inc.|archive-date = August 14, 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210814194758/https://opensource.apple.com/source/Chess/Chess-410.4.1/README|url-status = live}}</ref> Its history dates back to [[OpenStep]] and [[Mac OS X 10.2]]. It supports [[chess variant]]s such as [[crazyhouse]] and [[Losing chess|suicide chess]]. Apple redistributes the source code under its own Apple Sample Code License, after a special permission has been granted from the original authors of GNOME Chess (which is licensed under [[GPL3]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://opensource.apple.com/source/Chess/Chess-318/|title = Source code of the latest version|access-date = January 11, 2016|website = [[Apple Inc.]]|archive-date = October 18, 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181018222444/https://opensource.apple.com/source/Chess/Chess-318/|url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="apple-chess-readme" /> Apple also ships the game with the [[Sjeng (software)|Sjeng]] chess engine ([[GPL]]).

=== Clock ===
{{Main|Clock (Apple)}}

'''Clock''' is a [[Timekeeper|timekeeping]] app first made available in [[MacOS Ventura]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hall |first=Zac |date=2022-10-31 |title=Here's how the new Clock app can be useful on Mac |url=https://9to5mac.com/2022/10/31/macos-ventura-clock-timers/ |website=9to5Mac |access-date=December 14, 2023 |archive-date=March 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325091838/https://9to5mac.com/2022/10/31/macos-ventura-clock-timers/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It allows users to view the current time in locations around the world, set alarms and timers, and use their phone as a [[stopwatch]]. Alarms and timers will play a chime once completed, which the user can choose from their ringtone library.

=== Contacts ===
{{Main|Contacts (Apple)}}

'''Contacts''', previously known as Address Book before [[OS X Mountain Lion]], is a computerized [[address book]]. Contacts can be synchronized over [[iCloud]] and other online address book services and allows for the storage of names, phone numbers, email addresses, home addresses, job titles, birthdays, and social media usernames.

=== Dictionary ===
{{Main|Dictionary (software)}}

'''Dictionary''' is an application introduced with OS X 10.4 that provides definitions and synonyms from various sources, serving as a built-in dictionary and thesaurus.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dictionary User Guide for Mac|url=https://support.apple.com/guide/dictionary/welcome/mac|access-date=October 1, 2020|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=January 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121192524/https://support.apple.com/guide/dictionary/welcome/mac|url-status=live}}</ref> The program also includes definitions for a list of Apple-related terms as well as access to [[Wikipedia]] articles. Dictionary supports several languages and currently provides American-English definitions from the ''[[New Oxford American Dictionary]] and Oxford American Writer's Thesaurus.''

=== FaceTime ===
{{Main|FaceTime}}

'''FaceTime''' is s a [[videotelephony]] app introduced in [[Mac OS X Snow Leopard|Mac OS X 10.6.6]], replacing the video and audio calling functionality of [[iChat]] on Mac. Users can also make standard phone calls through the FaceTime app if a connected iPhone under the same Apple ID is nearby. In 2018, Apple added group video and audio support to FaceTime which can support up to 32 people alongside the release of [[MacOS Mojave]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=How to place a group FaceTime call with MacOS Mojave |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/how-to-place-a-group-facetime-call-with-macos-mojave/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=CNET |language=en |archive-date=December 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214153636/https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/how-to-place-a-group-facetime-call-with-macos-mojave/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

With the release of [[MacOS Monterey]], Apple introduced a feature called SharePlay, which allows users to simultaneously watch videos, listen to music together, or share their display.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Mitchell |date=2021-06-07 |title=Apple is building video and music sharing into FaceTime |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/7/22522904/apple-shareplay-facetime-music-hulu-videos-tiktok-wwdc |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=June 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615115012/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/7/22522904/apple-shareplay-facetime-music-hulu-videos-tiktok-wwdc |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Find My ===
{{Main|Find My}}

'''Find My''' is an app and service that enables users to track the locations of [[iOS]], [[iPadOS]], [[macOS]], [[watchOS]], [[AirPods]] and [[AirTag]]s via iCloud.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clover |first=Juli |date=October 7, 2019 |title=Apple Releases macOS Catalina With Find My, Screen Time, and No More iTunes |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2019/10/07/apple-releases-macos-catalina/ |access-date=November 7, 2019 |website=MacRumors |language=en |archive-date=April 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407203036/https://www.macrumors.com/2019/10/07/apple-releases-macos-catalina/ |url-status=live }}</ref> First introduced in [[macOS Catalina]], it replaces [[Find My iPhone|Find My Mac]] and [[Find My Friends]] from previous versions. Missing devices can be made to play a sound at maximum volume, flagged as lost and locked with a passcode, or remotely erased. Users are also able to share their [[Global Positioning System|GPS locations]] with friends and family who own Apple devices of their own and can set notifications for when a person arrives or leaves a destination.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple's Find My app can do more than locate a lost iPhone. Here's what you need to know |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/apples-find-my-app-can-do-more-than-locate-a-lost-iphone-heres-what-you-need-to-know/ |date=May 1, 2021 |first1=Jason |last1=Cipriani |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=CNET |language=en}}</ref>

=== Font Book ===
{{Main|Font Book}}
'''Font Book''' is a [[font manager]] first released with Mac OS X Panther in 2003. It allows users to browse and view all fonts installed on device, as well as install new fonts from [[.otf]] and [[TrueType|.tff]] files. A font can be selected to see its alphabets, complete repertoire of characters, and how it sets a sample text of the user's choice.

=== Freeform ===
{{Main|Freeform (Apple)}}

'''Freeform''' is a virtual [[brainstorming]] app first made available on alongside [[MacOS Ventura|MacOS 13.1]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-25 |title=iOS 16.2, iPadOS 16.2, and macOS Ventura 13.1 Betas Introduce Freeform App |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2022/10/25/ios-16-2-freeform-app/ |first1=Juli |last1=Clover |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=MacRumors |language=en |archive-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201105703/https://www.macrumors.com/2022/10/25/ios-16-2-freeform-app/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It allows users to create canvases called "boards", which can display a range of inputs including text notes, photos, documents, and web links. The app offers real-time collaboration between users, with support for [[FaceTime]] and [[iCloud]] syncing.

=== Home ===
{{Main|HomeKit}}

'''Home''' is a [[Home automation|smart-home]] management app released with [[macOS 10.14 Mojave]], that serves as the front-end for Apple's HomeKit software framework.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple's Home app is coming to MacOS Mojave so you can control your smart home from your Mac |date=June 4, 2018 |first1=Megan |last1=Wollerton |url=https://www.cnet.com/home/smart-home/apples-home-app-is-coming-to-macos-mojave-so-you-can-control-your-smart-home-devices-from-your-mac/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=CNET |language=en}}</ref> It  lets users configure, communicate with, and control their HomeKit enabled smart appliances from a single application. Appliances can be divided into separate rooms and access to home controls can be shared with others.

=== Image Capture ===
'''Image Capture''' is an application that enables users to upload pictures from [[digital cameras]] or [[Image scanner|scanners]] which are either connected directly to their computer or network. It provides no organizational tools like [[Photos (Apple)|Photos]] but is useful for collating pictures from a variety of sources with no need for [[Device driver|drivers]].

=== Mail ===
{{Main|Apple Mail}}

'''Mail''' is an [[email client]] first originating in [[NeXTSTEP|NeXTstep]], before being carried over to Mac OS X. It is preconfigured to work with popular [[Email hosting service|email providers]], such as [[Yahoo! Mail]], [[AOL Mail]], [[Gmail]], [[Outlook.com|Outlook]] and [[iCloud]] (formerly [[MobileMe]]) and supports [[Microsoft Exchange Server|Exchange]]. Mail includes the ability to read and write emails, file emails into folders, search for emails, automatically append signatures to outgoing emails, [[Email filtering|filter out]] [[Email spam|junk mail]], and automatically unsubscribe from newsletters.

=== Maps ===
{{Main|Apple Maps}}

'''Maps''' is a [[web mapping]] app and service introduced to macOS with [[OS X Mavericks]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brian |first=Matt |date=2013-06-11 |title=Apple Maps coming to OS X Mavericks |url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/6/10/4414348/apple-maps-coming-os-x-mavericks |website=The Verge |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231009220052/https://www.theverge.com/2013/6/10/4414348/apple-maps-coming-os-x-mavericks |archive-date= Oct 9, 2023 }}</ref> It provides directions and estimated times of arrival for automobile, pedestrian, cycling and [[public transportation]] navigation. Apple Maps features a [[Flyover (Apple Maps)|Flyover]] mode that enables a user to explore certain densely populated urban centers and other places of interest in a 3D landscape composed of models of buildings and structures, as well as [[Apple Look Around|Look Around]], which allows the user to view 360° street-level imagery.

=== Messages ===
{{Main|Messages (Apple)}}

'''Messages''' is an [[instant messaging]] app introduced with [[MacOS|OS X]], replacing the messaging component of [[iChat]] in prior versions while providing support for the [[iMessage]] protocol from iOS.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Patel |first=Nilay |date=2012-02-17 |title=Apple OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion preview: Notification Center, iMessage, AirPlay and more |url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/2/16/2801047/mac-os-x-10-8-mountain-lion-preview-photos-video |website=The Verge |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231206190056/https://www.theverge.com/2012/2/16/2801047/mac-os-x-10-8-mountain-lion-preview-photos-video |archive-date= Dec 6, 2023 }}</ref> A number of upgrades have been introduced to the iMessage platform over time, including message effects, editing and deleting messages within a fifteen minute window, and a dedicated iMessage App Store which allows users to download sticker packs that can be sent in conversations.

=== Music ===
{{Main|Music (Apple)}}

'''Music''' is a [[Media player software|media player]] first introduced macOS Catalina, replacing the music-playing capabilities of iTunes.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Apple Kills iTunes: Everything You Need to Know |url=https://www.pcmag.com/news/apple-kills-itunes-everything-you-need-to-know |first1=Jason |last1=Cohen |date=June 7, 2019 |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=PCMAG |language=en |archive-date=December 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214153635/https://www.pcmag.com/news/apple-kills-itunes-everything-you-need-to-know |url-status=live }}</ref> It can play music files stored locally on devices and allows users to curate their song library into playlists. Songs can be purchased directly from the [[iTunes Store]] or streamed through [[Apple Music]] if the user has an active subscription. [[Internet radio]] stations can also be found within the app, with both local and international broadcasters available. Music supports lossless and spatial audio, and is capable of video playback, used primarily for music videos, artist interviews, and live performances.

=== News ===
{{Main|Apple News}}

'''News''' is a [[news aggregator]] first introduced in selected regions with the release of macOS Mojave 10.14.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aleksandersen |first=Daniel |date=2020-12-22 |title=Get the Apple News app for MacOS in unsupported regions |url=https://www.ctrl.blog/entry/apple-news-macos-worldwide.html |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=ctrl.blog |language=en-US}}</ref> Users can read [[Article (publishing)|news articles]] with it, based on publishers, websites and topics they select, such as technology or politics. On March 25, 2019, Apple News+ was made available within the News app, which is a subscription service allowing access to content from a number magazines and newspapers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lee |first=Edmond |date=2019-04-02 |title=Media Companies Take a Big Gamble on Apple |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/02/business/media/media-companies-take-a-big-gamble-on-apple.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=December 14, 2023 |archive-date=November 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127011955/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/02/business/media/media-companies-take-a-big-gamble-on-apple.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Notes ===
{{Main|Notes (Apple)}}

'''Notes''' is a [[notetaking software|notetaking app]] first introduced with [[OS X Mountain Lion]]. It functions as a service for making text notes and sketches, which can be synchronised between devices using Apple's [[iCloud]] service. Notes features support for advanced [[Formatted text|text formatting]] options, several styles of lists, rich web and [[Apple Maps|map]] link previews, support for more file type attachments, a corresponding dedicated attachment browser, and a system share extension point for saving web links and images.

=== Passwords ===
{{main|Passwords (Apple)}}
'''Passwords''' is an app for managing passwords, introduced in [[macOS Sequoia]]. It replaces Keychain Access.

=== Photo Booth ===
{{Main|Photo Booth}}

'''Photo Booth''' is a camera application first introduced on devices running [[Mac OS X Tiger]] with a built-in iSight camera,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple Introduces the New iMac G5 |url=https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2005/10/12Apple-Introduces-the-New-iMac-G5/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Apple Newsroom |language=en-US |archive-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201205438/https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2005/10/12Apple-Introduces-the-New-iMac-G5/ |url-status=live }}</ref> allowing users to take picture and video.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Photo Booth User Guide for Mac|url=https://support.apple.com/en-us/guide/photo-booth/welcome/mac|access-date=January 4, 2021|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=January 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121192536/https://support.apple.com/guide/photo-booth/welcome/mac|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Take a photo or record a video in Photo Booth on Mac|url=https://support.apple.com/guide/photo-booth/take-a-photo-or-record-a-video-pbhlp3714a9d/mac|access-date=January 4, 2021|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=January 13, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113065118/https://support.apple.com/guide/photo-booth/take-a-photo-or-record-a-video-pbhlp3714a9d/mac|url-status=live}}</ref> Photo Booth displays a preview showing the camera's view in real time, while thumbnails of saved photos and videos are displayed along the bottom of this window, obscuring the bottom of the video preview. These can be shown or played by clicking on the thumbnails. Users can also apply a variety of effects to a photo, which act similarly to [[Filter (social media)|social media filters]].

=== Photos ===
{{Main|Photos (Apple)}}

'''Photos''' is a [[image organizer|photo management]] and [[image editing|editing]] application first introduced with [[OS X Yosemite]] 10.10.3,<ref name="ReleasedLifehacker">{{cite web |last1=Klosowski |first1=Thorin |date=April 8, 2015 |title=OS X 10.10.3 Arrives with New Photos App |url=http://lifehacker.com/os-x-10-10-3-arrives-with-new-photos-app-1696493039 |access-date=April 9, 2015 |website=Lifehacker |archive-date=August 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809050020/http://lifehacker.com/os-x-10-10-3-arrives-with-new-photos-app-1696493039 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ReleasedBBC">{{cite news |last1=Simmons |first1=Dan |date=April 8, 2015 |title=Apple releases Mac app to store photos in iCloud |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-32218379 |access-date=April 9, 2015 |archive-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006085214/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-32218379 |url-status=live }}</ref> replacing both [[iPhoto]] and [[Aperture (software)|Aperture]].<ref name="DiscontinuedTNW">{{cite web |date=June 27, 2014 |title=The demise of Apple's Aperture and iPhoto: What does it mean for you? |url=https://thenextweb.com/creativity/2014/06/27/demise-apples-aperture-iphoto-mean/ |access-date=April 9, 2015 |website=The Next Web |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228225859/https://thenextweb.com/creativity/2014/06/27/demise-apples-aperture-iphoto-mean/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="DiscontinuedTechCrunch">{{cite web |last1=Panzarino |first1=Matthew |date=June 27, 2014 |title=Apple To Cease Development Of Aperture And Transition Users To Photos For OS X |url=https://techcrunch.com/2014/06/27/apple-to-cease-development-of-aperture-and-transition-users-to-photos-for-os-x/ |access-date=April 9, 2015 |website=TechCrunch |publisher=[[AOL]] |archive-date=July 31, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160731020941/https://techcrunch.com/2014/06/27/apple-to-cease-development-of-aperture-and-transition-users-to-photos-for-os-x/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Photos is based on the rebuilt version of the in-built app released for [[iOS 8]]. The photos library is organized chronologically on a timeline, determined by the [[metadata]] attached to the photo. Photos can also be sorted manually into albums, searched by location or by tagged persons. Photos can be synced and backed up through the [[iCloud]] Photo Library and shared albums. Photos contains a number of simple editing tools which allow users to crop, rotate, and adjust their photos, with a limited number of editing tools available for videos.

=== Podcasts ===
{{Main|Apple Podcasts}}

'''Podcasts''' is a [[Media player software|media player]] used for playing and subscribing to [[podcast]]s first introduced macOS Catalina to replace the podcasting capabilities of iTunes.<ref name=":2" /> Podcasts can be discovered and followed or subscribed to in the 'Browse' and 'Search' tabs, with the 'Listen Now’ tab showing new episodes of followed podcasts as they are made available. Podcast channels allow users to follow or subscribe to creators rather than individual shows.

=== Preview ===
{{Main|Preview (macOS)}}
'''Preview''' is an [[Image viewer|image]] and [[PDF viewer]] application, first originating in [[NeXTSTEP|NeXTstep]], before being carried over to Mac OS X. It is capable of viewing a number of viewing, printing, and editing a number [[digital image]] formats, as well as [[Portable Document File|Portable Document Format]] (PDF) files. It employs the [[Quartz (graphics layer)|Quartz]] graphics layer, and the ImageIO and [[Core Image]] frameworks.

=== QuickTime Player ===
{{Main|QuickTime}}

'''QuickTime Player''' is an application that can play compatible video and sound files.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Open and play a file in QuickTime Player on Mac|url=https://support.apple.com/guide/quicktime-player/open-and-play-a-file-qtp6cee0761b/mac|access-date=November 8, 2021|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=November 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109020246/https://support.apple.com/guide/quicktime-player/open-and-play-a-file-qtp6cee0761b/mac|url-status=live}}</ref> It is capable of limited editing features, including triming video clips and exporting to one of four video resolutions or an audio-only format. QuickTime Player can also record video and audio from the device's camera and microphone, or record a user's display for screen recording.

=== Reminders ===
{{Main|Reminders (Apple)}}

'''Reminders''' is a task-managing app introduced to OS X Mountain Lion and later rebuilt from the ground up in [[MacOS Catalina]]. The app allows users to create their own lists of reminders and set notifications for themselves. New reminders can be placed into lists or set as subtasks and can include several details including: a priority tag, a note about the reminder, and an image or URL attachment. Additionally, alarms can be set for reminders, sending a notification to users at a certain time and date, when a geofence around an area is crossed, or when a message starts being typed to a set contact.

=== Safari ===
{{Main|Safari (web browser)}}

'''Safari''' is a graphical web browser based on the [[WebKit]] engine, included with macOS since version [[Mac OS X Panther|10.3 "Panther"]], where it replaces [[Internet Explorer for Mac OS X]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=WebKit |url=https://webkit.org/ |access-date=October 4, 2020 |website=WebKit |archive-date=April 10, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120410164749/http://www.webkit.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Websites can be bookmarked, added to a reading list, or saved to the home screen and are synced between devices through [[iCloud]]. In 2010, Safari 5 introduced a reader mode, extensions, and developer tools. Safari 11, released in 2017, added Intelligent Tracking Prevention, which uses artificial intelligence to block [[web tracking]]. Safari 13 added support for Apple Pay, and authentication with [[FIDO2 Project|FIDO2]] security keys. Its interface was redesigned in Safari 15, including a new landing page.

=== Shortcuts ===
{{Main|Shortcuts (app)}}

'''Shortcuts''', formerly Workflow, is a [[visual scripting]] app that allows users to create [[Macro (computer science)|macros]] for executing specific tasks on their device. These task sequences can be created by the user and shared online through [[iCloud]]. A number of curated shortcuts can also be downloaded from the integrated gallery.

=== Stickies ===
{{Main|Stickies (Apple)}}

'''Stickies''' is a [[Desktop notes|desktop note]] program first included in [[System 7|System 7.5]], later being re-written in [[Cocoa (API)|Cocoa]] during the transition to [[MacOS|Mac OS X]] in 2001. It allows a user to put [[post-it note]]-like windows on the screen for to write short reminders, notes and other clippings. The ability to collapse note windows, which is present in all versions of Stickies, is a holdover from System 7.5's [[WindowShade]] feature. The window button layout, which is unusual for a modern macOS application, is retained from [[Mac OS 8]].

=== Stocks ===
'''Stocks''' is a stock market tracking app first introduced with [[macOS Mojave]].<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Mick Symons |date=2018-09-29 |title=Stocks for Mac: The ultimate guide |url=https://www.imore.com/stocks-mac-ultimate-guide |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=iMore |language=en}}</ref> It allows users to check the [[Yahoo! Finance]] data for any company valued on the [[stock exchange]], including the current value of a company and their increase or decrease percentage. A graph shows the trends of each company over time, with a green graph showing positive growth and a red graph showing a decline. Business News is provided when a stock is not selected, which shows [[Apple News]] articles about companies a user is following.

=== System Settings ===
{{Main|System Settings}}

'''System Settings''', formerly System Preferences, is an application included with macOS. It allows users to access information about their device and modify various system settings and options on their device such as the desktop wallpaper, [[Screensaver|screen saver]], notifications, [[Wi-Fi]] and [[Bluetooth]], display and brightness, keyboard and trackpad, accessibility features, and more. With the release of [[macOS Catalina]], a [[IOS 12#Screen Time|Screen Time]] feature was introduced which is intended to help user's focus and combat screen addiction.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is Screen Time on Mac? |url=https://support.apple.com/en-au/guide/mac-help/mchlfb0b5864/mac |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Apple Support |language=en |archive-date=December 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214153635/https://support.apple.com/en-au/guide/mac-help/mchlfb0b5864/mac |url-status=live }}</ref> Furthermore, [[macOS Monterey]] introduces Focus modes, which expand on Apple's previous Do Not Disturb feature to filter notifications during scenarios such as sleeping or working.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sellers |first=Dennis |date=2022-07-22 |title=The Ultimate Guide For How to Use Focus Modes Across Macs, iPhones, and iPads |url=https://eshop.macsales.com/blog/83357-the-ultimate-guide-for-how-to-use-focus-modes-across-macs-iphones-and-ipads/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Rocket Yard |language=en-US |archive-date=December 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214153636/https://eshop.macsales.com/blog/83357-the-ultimate-guide-for-how-to-use-focus-modes-across-macs-iphones-and-ipads/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== TextEdit ===
{{Main|TextEdit}}

'''TextEdit''' is an open-source [[word processor]] and text editor, first featured in NeXT's NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP. TextEdit has support for formatted text, justification, and even the inclusion of graphics and other multimedia elements, as well as the ability to read and write to different [[character encoding]]s, including [[Unicode]] ([[UTF-8]] and [[UTF-16]]). It automatically adjusts letter spacing in addition to word spacing while justifying text. TextEdit does not support multiple columns of text.

=== TV ===
{{Main|Apple TV app}}

'''TV''', also known as '''Apple TV''', is a [[Media player software|media player]] first introduced macOS Catalina, replacing the video-playing capabilities of iTunes. The app can be used for viewing television shows and films purchased or rented through the [[iTunes Store]], which can be accessed from within the app. It also houses original content from the [[Apple TV+]] streaming service, and can even directly stream content from some third-party services through the [[A la carte pay television|a la carte]] [[video on demand]] "Apple TV Channels" service.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Holloway |first=Daniel |date=2019-03-25 |title=Apple Reveals New TV Streaming Service |url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/apple-tv-streaming-service-1203171335/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Variety |language=en-US |archive-date=September 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929220531/https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/apple-tv-streaming-service-1203171335/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-25 |title=Apple TV Channels is an a la carte way to watch your favorite networks |url=https://www.engadget.com/2019-03-25-apple-tv-channels.html |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Engadget |language=en-US |archive-date=December 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214153635/https://www.engadget.com/2019-03-25-apple-tv-channels.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The TV app can be used to index and access content from other linked video on demand services, allowing programs watched in other apps to appear in a user's Up Next feed, even if they are not subscribed through the Channels service. The TV app is also capable of broadcasting live sports and events, such as through the [[MLS Season Pass]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Peters |first=Jay |date=2023-02-15 |title=Apple TV will stream MLS games in 1080p |url=https://www.theverge.com/2023/2/15/23601561/apple-mls-season-pass-soccer-streaming-service-1080p |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004145212/https://www.theverge.com/2023/2/15/23601561/apple-mls-season-pass-soccer-streaming-service-1080p |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Voice Memos ===
'''Voice Memos''' is a [[voice recording]] app, first introduced in [[macOS Mojave]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Use the Voice Memos app|url=https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT206775|access-date=January 4, 2021|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=January 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107123830/https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT206775|url-status=live}}</ref> designed for saving short snippets of audio for later playback. Saved voice memos can be shared as a [[MP4 file format|.m4a]] file or can be edited, which allows parts of a recording to be replaced, background noise to be removed, or the length of a recording to be trimmed.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Voice Memos User Guide for Mac|url=https://support.apple.com/guide/voice-memos/welcome/mac|access-date=January 4, 2021|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=November 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119000229/https://support.apple.com/guide/voice-memos/welcome/mac|url-status=live}}</ref> Other playback options include the ability to change playback speed, skip silent parts of a memo, or enhance a recording. Audio files can also be organised into different folders.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Voice Memos gains Enhanced Recording, Smart Folders in iOS 14 and macOS Big Sur |url=https://appleinsider.com/articles/20/06/30/voice-memos-gains-enhanced-recording-smart-folders-in-ios-14-and-macos-big-sur |access-date=2021-10-21 |website=AppleInsider |language=en |archive-date=April 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413140911/https://appleinsider.com/articles/20/06/30/voice-memos-gains-enhanced-recording-smart-folders-in-ios-14-and-macos-big-sur |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Weather ===
{{main|Weather (Apple)}}
'''Weather''' was introduced to macOS in [[macOS Ventura]].

== Utilities ==

=== Activity Monitor ===
{{Redirect|Activity monitor|the fitness device|Activity tracker|the generic system component|System monitor}}

'''Activity Monitor''' is a [[system monitor]] for the [[macOS]] [[operating system]], which also incorporates [[task manager]] functionality.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1342 | title=Using Activity Monitor to read System Memory and determine how much RAM is being used | publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] | date=February 21, 2012 | access-date=April 17, 2012 | archive-date=September 13, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913102332/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1342 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/macnifying-os-x-learning-to-utilize-activity-monitor/ | title=Macnifying OS X: Learning To Utilize Activity Monitor on Mac | work=MakeUseOf | date=September 10, 2008 | access-date=April 17, 2012 | author=Chung, Jackson | archive-date=April 21, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421092536/http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/macnifying-os-x-learning-to-utilize-activity-monitor/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Activity Monitor appeared in [[Mac OS X v10.3]], when it subsumed the functionality of the programs Process Viewer (a task manager) and CPU Monitor found in the previous version of OS X.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031027224106825|title=10.3: View all processes from a hierarchical perspective|date=October 28, 2003|author=spiff|website=Mac OS X Hints|access-date=April 21, 2016|archive-date=July 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724232045/http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031027224106825|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Miser2004">{{cite book|author=Brad Miser|title=Special Edition Using Mac OS X, V10.3 Panther|url=https://archive.org/details/specialeditionus00mise|url-access=registration|year=2004|publisher=Que Publishing|isbn=978-0-7897-3075-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/specialeditionus00mise/page/926 926]}}</ref> In [[OS X 10.9]], Activity Monitor was significantly revamped and gained a fifth tab for "energy" (in addition to CPU, memory, disk, and network).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://reviews.cnet.com/8301-13727_7-57609748-263/activity-monitor-in-os-x-mavericks-brings-significant-changes/|title=Activity Monitor in OS X Mavericks brings significant changes|author=Topher Kessler|date=October 29, 2013|website=CNET|access-date=April 21, 2016|archive-date=March 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314081146/http://reviews.cnet.com/8301-13727_7-57609748-263/activity-monitor-in-os-x-mavericks-brings-significant-changes/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== AirPort Utility ===
'''AirPort Utility''' is a program that allows users to configure an [[AirPort]] [[wireless network]] and manage services associated with and devices connected to [[AirPort#AirPort routers|AirPort Routers]]. It comes pre-installed on [[macOS]], and is available to download for [[Microsoft Windows]] and [[iOS]]. AirPort Utility is unique in that it offers network configuration in a native application as opposed to a web application. It provides a graphical overview of AirPort devices attached to a network, and provides tools to manage each one individually. It allows users to configure their network preferences, assign [[Back to My Mac]] accounts to the network, and configure USB attached Printers and hard drives.<ref name="what-is-airport-utility">{{cite web | url=http://switchtoamac.com/guides/applications/utilities/airport-utility/what-is-airport-utility.html | title=What is Airport Utility? | publisher=Switch to a Mac | date=June 15, 2009 | access-date=May 14, 2014 | archive-date=July 26, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160322/https://switchtoamac.com/guides/applications/utilities/airport-utility/what-is-airport-utility.html | url-status=live }}</ref> The current versions are 6.3.6 for recent versions of [[macOS]], 5.6.1 for [[Microsoft Windows]] and older versions<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://support.apple.com/downloads/airport|title=Apple – Support – Downloads|website=support.apple.com|access-date=June 22, 2020|archive-date=August 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814210658/https://support.apple.com/downloads/airport|url-status=live}}</ref> of Mac OS X,<ref name="windows">{{cite web | url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1547 | title=Airport Utility 5.6.1 for Windows | publisher=Apple | work=Apple Support | date=June 11, 2012 | access-date=October 14, 2014 | archive-date=February 15, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215015500/http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1547 | url-status=live }}</ref> and 1.3.4 for [[iOS]].<ref name="itunes">{{cite web | url=https://apps.apple.com/us/app/airport-utility/id427276530 | title=AirPort Utility for iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad on the iTunes App Store | publisher=Apple | work=iTunes Preview | access-date=August 14, 2014 | archive-date=June 10, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190610190942/https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/airport-utility/id427276530 | url-status=live }}</ref>

On January 30, 2013, Apple released AirPort Utility 6.0 for macOS featuring a redesign of the user interface focused on increasing usability for novice users.<ref name="Martellaro">{{cite web | url=http://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/airport_utility_6_for_lion | title=AirPort Utility 6 for Lion is for Beginners | work=The Mac Observer | date=February 3, 2012 | access-date=May 14, 2014 | author=John Martellaro | archive-date=December 2, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202192522/https://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/airport_utility_6_for_lion | url-status=live }}</ref> Reception was mixed with some media outlets reporting IT professionals and network administrators being frustrated over some removed features.<ref name="Martellaro" /> It was reported that most end users, however, would not notice the feature omissions.<ref name="Kessler">{{cite web | url=http://reviews.cnet.com/8301-13727_7-57369191-263/airport-utility-6.0-missing-a-number-of-features/ | title=AirPort Utility 6.0 missing a number of features | publisher=CNET | date=January 31, 2012 | author=Topher Kessler | access-date=May 14, 2014 | archive-date=October 21, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021051319/http://reviews.cnet.com/8301-13727_7-57369191-263/AirPort-utility-6.0-missing-a-number-of-features/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Users requiring the removed features can still access the previous version of AirPort Utility using a workaround.<ref name="forum">{{cite web | url=https://discussions.apple.com/thread/4172563?start=0&tstart=0 | title=How to install AirPort Utility 5.6.1 on Mountain Lion | access-date=December 10, 2012 | archive-date=August 25, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160825232509/https://discussions.apple.com/thread/4172563?start=0&tstart=0 | url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Audio MIDI Setup ===
'''Audio MIDI Setup''' is a utility program that comes with the [[macOS]] operating system for adjusting the computer's [[Sound|audio]] input and output configuration settings and managing [[MIDI]] devices.

It was first introduced in [[Mac OS X v10.5|Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard]] as a simplified way to configure MIDI Devices. Users need to be aware that prior to this release, MIDI devices did not require this step, and it mention of it might be omitted from MIDI devices from third-party manufactures.

=== Bluetooth File Exchange ===
'''Bluetooth File Exchange''' is a utility that comes with the [[macOS]] [[operating system]], used to exchange files to or from a [[Bluetooth]]-enabled device.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Share files between your Mac and Bluetooth devices |url=https://support.apple.com/en-gb/guide/mac-help/mchle7fa9e15/mac |access-date=March 9, 2023 |website=Apple Support |language=en |archive-date=March 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309210239/https://support.apple.com/en-gb/guide/mac-help/mchle7fa9e15/mac |url-status=live }}</ref> For example, it could be used to send an image to a [[cellphone]], or to receive an image or other documents from a [[Personal digital assistant|PDA]].

=== Boot Camp Assistant ===
{{Main|Boot Camp (software)}}

'''Boot Camp Assistant''' assists users with installing [[Windows]] on their Intel Mac using Boot Camp.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://support.apple.com/boot-camp|title=Boot Camp – Apple Support|website=support.apple.com|language=en-US|access-date=November 20, 2017|archive-date=December 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212084532/https://support.apple.com/boot-camp|url-status=live}}</ref> It does not support Macs with [[Apple silicon#M series|Apple silicon processors]], as [[Microsoft]] does not have a commercial version of [[Windows 10]] that runs on ARM-based processors.

=== ColorSync Utility ===
{{Main|ColorSync}}

'''ColorSync Utility''' is a macOS application used for management of color profiles and filters used in Apple's [[PDF]] workflows, or applying filters to PDF documents. The interface is composed of two parts, the document browser and the utility window. The document browser allows the user to zoom in and out of an image or apply a Filter to it. The utility window has several options, including Profile First Aid, Profiles, Devices, Filters and Calculator.

=== Console ===
'''Console''' is a [[data logging|log]] viewer developed by [[Apple Inc.]] and included with [[macOS]]. It allows users to search through all of the system's logged messages, and can alert the user when certain types of messages are logged.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=169576&seqNum=9|title=Mac OS X Panther Applications and Utilities|access-date=April 30, 2016|archive-date=September 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910075514/https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=169576&seqNum=9|url-status=live}}</ref> The Console is generally used for troubleshooting when there is a problem with the computer.<ref name="macrumor">{{cite web|url=http://guides.macrumors.com/Console|title=Console|work=Mac Guides on MacRumors|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202030417/http://guides.macrumors.com/Console|archive-date=February 2, 2017}}</ref> macOS itself, as well as any applications that are used, send a constant stream of messages to the system in the form of log files. The console allows users to read the system logs, help find certain ones, monitor them, and filter their contents.<ref name="macworld">{{Cite web|url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1061222/jan08geekfactor.html|title=Tracking down trouble with the Console|date=November 28, 2007|website=Macworld|access-date=June 22, 2020|archive-date=August 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816115513/https://www.macworld.com/article/1061222/jan08geekfactor.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Clicking on "Show Log List" in the toolbar will bring up the Log List. The Log List opens a sidebar which shows all of the different logs that the system maintains. This list helps in viewing the many different logs maintained in various parts of the system by bringing them all together to one place. By clicking on a particular log category, all of the logs will be shown.<ref name="pondini">{{cite web|url=http://pondini.org/OSX/Logs.html|title=OSX Log Files|access-date=April 30, 2016|archive-date=August 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817220558/http://pondini.org/OSX/Logs.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The System Log Queries contains all of the logs that have to do with the entire system. This includes [[Operating system|system]] logs as well as individual [[Application software|application]] logs.<ref name="pondini" />

Selecting All Messages gives a live look at your computer's activities, updated live. This includes all activities from both the system as well as any applications running. Logs in this section of the Console are all formatted uniformly. They all include a [[timestamp]], the name of the [[Process (computing)|process]] or [[Application software|application]], and the actual message of the [[Logfile|log]]. When the message displayed includes a paperclip icon next to it, it means that it is a shortened version of a longer report, and clicking the icon will show the complete report.<ref name="tuts">{{cite web |url=http://computers.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-use-console-your-macs-diagnostic-diary--mac-45251 |title=How To Use Console: Your Mac's Diagnostic Diary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429044808/http://computers.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-use-console-your-macs-diagnostic-diary--mac-45251 |archive-date=April 29, 2014 |url-status=live}}.</ref>

In addition to viewing all messages, users can also create custom queries with any criteria that they like. These custom queries will filter the messages and will also be shown in the All Messages section. In order to make a new query, choose "New System Log Query" from the File menu.<ref name="MacIssues">{{cite web|url=http://www.macissues.com/2014/03/23/how-to-use-the-system-console-in-os-x/|title=How to use the system console in OS X|date=March 23, 2014|website=MacIssues|access-date=April 30, 2016|archive-date=August 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816191808/http://macissues.com/2014/03/23/how-to-use-the-system-console-in-os-x/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Digital Color Meter ===
'''Digital Color Meter''' is a utility for measuring and displaying the color values of [[pixels]] displayed on the screen of a [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] computer.

The utility presents a "window" onto the screen which includes a [[Cursor (computers)|cursor]] which by default is 1×1 pixel in size. The color displayed in that pixel is shown as a color value which may be represented as decimal or hexadecimal [[RGB color model|RGB]] triplets, [[CIE 1931 color space|CIE 1931]], CIE 1976 or [[Lab color space|CIELAB]] triplets or a [[Tristimulus]] triplet. The displayed color could be copied either as a solid color or as the color value which represents it, to be used in other applications (for instance an RGB triplet may be used in a color specification to be used on a [[World Wide Web]] page).

=== Disk Utility ===
{{Main|Disk Utility}}

'''Disk Utility''' is a system utility for performing disk and disk volume-related tasks. It can create, convert, backup, compress, and encrypt [[logical volume image]]s from a wide range of formats, mount or unmount [[Disk image|disk volumes]], verify a disk's integrity and repair it if damaged, and erase, format, partition, or clone disks.

=== Grapher ===
{{Main|Grapher}}

'''Grapher''' is a [[graphing calculator]] program first introduced in [[Mac OS X Tiger]] that is able to create 2D and 3D graphs from simple and complex equations. Users edit the appearance of graphs by changing line colors, adding patterns to rendered surfaces, adding comments, and changing the fonts and styles used to display them. Grapher is able to create animations of graphs by changing constants or rotating them in space.

=== Keychain Access ===
{{Main|Keychain (software)}}

'''Keychain''' is the encrypted password management system in macOS, first introduced with Mac OS 8.6. A keychain can contain several types of data, including passwords, [[Public-key cryptography|private keys]], [[Public key certificate|certificates]], and secure notes.

=== Migration Assistant ===
'''Migration Assistant''' is a utility by [[Apple Inc.]] that transfers data, user accounts, computer settings and apps from one [[Macintosh]] [[computer]] to another computer, or from a full drive backup. As of OS X Lion and later, it can also migrate contacts, calendars, and email accounts and other files from [[Microsoft Windows]].<ref>{{cite web |title=About Windows Migration Assistant | date=September 26, 2023 |url=http://support.apple.com/kb/ht4796?viewlocale=en_US&locale=en_US}}</ref> Migration Assistant can be used during initial setup of a new computer or run manually on a system that has already been set up. It may be used multiple times to copy only applications, user account(s), or settings. Its primary purpose is to duplicate the contents and configuration of an existing computer user account(s) on a new one.

The Migration Assistant does not transfer the operating system of the old computer to the new one. Similarly, applications  and utilities bundled by Apple with the operating system (e.g. [[Safari (software)|Safari]]) are not transferred, based on the assumption that the newer machine has the same or newer version already installed. However, settings for these applications (e.g. bookmarks) are transferred.

=== Print Centre ===
'''Print Centre''' is a utility that allows a user to view all current and pending jobs on any connected printers or fax machines. The program will open automatically when a job is sent from the device to a printer, and allows for pending jobs may to be paused or canceled. Furthermore, it is capable of displaying information about a connected printer including approximate ink supply levels and can open Image Capture if the printer or fax has a scanner attached.

=== Screen Sharing ===
'''Screen Sharing''' is a utility that may be used to control remote computers and access their files. To connect, one may enter a VNC or Apple ID and authenticate as a local user on the remote computer, or, if the computers are linked via the same Apple ID, automatically initialise the connection. It supports features such as a shared clipboard between the two computers and remotely transferring files.
The feature must be enabled in the Sharing [[preference pane]] in [[System Settings]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Share the screen of another Mac |url=https://support.apple.com/en-lk/guide/mac-help/mh14066/mac |access-date=January 7, 2021 |website=Apple Support |language=en |archive-date=November 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107212750/https://support.apple.com/en-lk/guide/mac-help/mh14066/mac |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Screenshot ===
'''Screenshot''' is an application introduced with [[macOS Mojave]], replacing Grab which functioned similarly.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Take a screenshot on your Mac|url=https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201361|access-date=October 4, 2020|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=January 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117100513/https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201361|url-status=live}}</ref> The app allows for screen recording and taking screenshots, either for a single window, a selected portion of the screen, or the entire screen. Screenshot is initialized whenever the user presses the keyboard shortcuts {{Key press|Cmd|Shift|3}}, {{Key press|Cmd|Shift|4}}, {{Key press|Cmd|Shift|5}}, or {{Key press|Cmd|Shift|6}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Take screenshots or screen recordings on Mac|url=https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/take-screenshots-or-screen-recordings-mh26782/mac|access-date=October 4, 2020|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021214928/https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/take-screenshots-or-screen-recordings-mh26782/mac|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Script Editor ===
{{Main|AppleScript Editor}}

'''Script Editor''', formerly '''AppleScript Editor''' is a code editor for the AppleScript and Javascript for Automation scripting languages, included in classic Mac OS and macOS.

=== System Information ===
{{Redirect|System Profiler|the generic class of programs|system profiler}}
'''System Information''', formerly '''System Profiler''', is a [[software utility]] derived from field service diagnostics produced by Apple's Service Diagnostic Engineering team, at that time located in Apple satellite buildings in [[Campbell, California]], that was bundled with the [[classic Mac OS]] since [[Mac OS 7.6]] under the name Apple System Profiler.  In [[Mac OS X 10.0]], the first release of [[macOS]], it was renamed System Profiler; with the release of [[Mac OS X Lion|Mac OS X 10.7 "Lion"]] it was again renamed to System Information.<ref name="tuaw-lion">{{cite web |last1=Sande |first1=Steven |date=April 6, 2011 |title=Mac OS X 10.7 Lion features new System Information app |url=http://www.tuaw.com/2011/04/06/mac-os-x-10-7-lion-features-new-system-information-app/ |access-date=September 22, 2013 |website=[[The Unofficial Apple Weblog]] |archive-date=September 28, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928035558/http://www.tuaw.com/2011/04/06/mac-os-x-10-7-lion-features-new-system-information-app/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Other new features in Lion are the ability to look up support information for the user's hardware model as well.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Etherington |first1=Darrell |date=August 11, 2011 |title=Lion 101: How to know more about your Mac |url=http://gigaom.com/2011/08/11/lion-101-how-to-know-more-about-your-mac/ |access-date=September 22, 2013 |website=GigaOM |archive-date=September 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927185917/http://gigaom.com/2011/08/11/lion-101-how-to-know-more-about-your-mac/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> In [[OS X Mountain Lion]] and later versions of macOS users can also access System Information by holding down the [[option key]] and "System Information" will replace "About This Mac" in the [[Apple Menu]].

It compiles technical information on all of the installed hardware, devices, drivers, applications, system settings, system software programs and [[kernel extension]]s installed on the host computer. It can export this information as [[plain text]], [[Rich Text Format|RTF]] or in the [[plist]] [[XML]] format. This information is used to diagnose problems. System Profiler can be extremely useful if attempting to diagnose a hardware problem. A user can send the information directly to [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] if the user desires. It has support for scripting automation through AppleScript and some limited support in Automator.

System Information can also be accessed by using the "system_profiler" command through macOS's [[Terminal (macOS)|Terminal]] application.<ref>{{cite web |date=February 2, 2022 |title=How to Find Comprehensive Mac System Info via Terminal |url=https://osxdaily.com/2022/02/02/find-mac-system-info-terminal-system-profiler/ |access-date=March 15, 2022 |website=OSXDaily |archive-date=March 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325034828/https://osxdaily.com/2022/02/02/find-mac-system-info-terminal-system-profiler/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Terminal ===
{{Main|Terminal (macOS)}}

[[File:Appleterminal2.png|thumb|Terminal 2.11 running the [[Top (software)|top]] program under macOS]]
'''Terminal''' is a [[terminal emulator]] program, first originating in [[NeXTSTEP]] and [[OPENSTEP]], before being carried over into Mac OS X.<ref>{{cite web |title=What Is Mac OS X – All Applications and Utilities – Terminal |url=https://www.apple.com/osx/apps/all.html#terminal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510222144/http://www.apple.com/osx/apps/all.html#terminal |archive-date=May 10, 2013 |publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple Inc]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Wünschiers |first=Röbbe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dLSqP2jWQEoC&q=terminal+originated+in+NeXTStep+and+OpenStep&pg=PA18 |title=Computational Biology: Unix/Linux, data processing and programming : with 19 figures and 12 tables |date=January 1, 2004 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-540-21142-6 |language=en}}</ref> It provides text-based access to the operating system, in contrast to the mostly graphical nature of the user experience of macOS, by providing a [[command-line interface]] to the operating system when used in conjunction with a [[Unix shell]], such as [[Z shell|zsh]] (the default shell since [[macOS Catalina]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Use zsh as the default shell on your Mac |url=https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208050 |access-date=January 18, 2020 |website=Apple Support |language=en |archive-date=December 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202143802/https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208050 |url-status=live }}</ref>).<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=McElhearn |first=Kirk |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N--YV7uyDI8C&q=os+x+%22terminal+app%22&pg=PA9 |title=The Mac OS X Command Line: Unix Under the Hood |date=December 26, 2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-0-470-11385-1 |language=en}}</ref> The user can choose other shells available with macOS, such as the [[KornShell]], [[tcsh]], and [[Bash (Unix shell)|bash]].<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Kissell |first=Joe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7iTaD6MFFY0C&q=%22command+line%22 |title=Take Control of the Mac Command Line with Terminal |date=January 1, 2009 |publisher=TidBITS Publishing, Inc. |isbn=978-1-933671-55-0 |language=en}}</ref>

=== VoiceOver Utility ===
{{Main|VoiceOver}}

'''VoiceOver''' '''Utility''' is a [[screen reader]] application which allows the user to listen to spoken directions from the computer, providing accessibility for [[Blindness|blind]] and [[Visual impairment|low-vision]] users.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chapter 1. Introducing VoiceOver |url=https://www.apple.com/voiceover/info/guide/_1121.html |work=VoiceOver Getting Started |access-date=October 4, 2020 |publisher=Apple |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507192354/https://www.apple.com/voiceover/info/guide/_1121.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Vision Accessibility – Mac|url=https://www.apple.com/accessibility/mac/vision/|access-date=October 4, 2020|website=Apple|language=en-US|archive-date=November 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128224401/https://www.apple.com/accessibility/mac/vision/|url-status=live}}</ref> VoiceOver also includes support for many [[Refreshable braille display|Braille displays]]. In addition, VoiceOver includes features for those that cannot use the mouse, such as keyboard-based navigation.

== Features ==

=== Control Center ===
'''Control Center''' provides access to system controls, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Sound, in a unified interface accessible from the menu bar. Some of these controls can be added to the menu bar by dragging them from Control Center. Additional components can be added in System Settings.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Use Control Center on your Mac|url=https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211786|access-date=May 17, 2021|website=Apple Support|language=en|archive-date=August 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818054757/https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211786|url-status=live}}</ref> Available controls include:

{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
* Wi-Fi
* Bluetooth
* AirDrop
* Focus
* Stage Manager
* Keyboard Brightness (available on Mac notebooks)
* Screen Mirroring
{{Col-break}}
* Display
* Sound
* Now Playing
* Accessibility Shortcuts
* Battery (available on Mac notebooks)
* Fast User Switching
{{Col-end}}

=== Dock ===
{{Main|Dock (macOS)}}

The '''Dock''' is the main method of launching and switching between applications on macOS. It can hold any number of items and resizes them dynamically to fit while using magnification to better view smaller items. By default, it appears on the bottom edge of the screen, but it can also instead be placed on the left or right edges of the screen if the user wishes.

=== Finder ===
{{Main|Finder (software)}}

'''Finder''' is the default [[file manager]] and [[graphical interface]] [[Operating system shell|shell]] of [[macOS]]. It is responsible for the launching of other applications, and for the overall user management of files, disks, and network volumes. The Finder uses a view of the [[file system]] that is rendered using a [[desktop metaphor]]; that is, the files and [[Directory (computing)|folders]] are represented as appropriate icons. There is a "favorites" sidebar of commonly used and important folders on the left of the Finder window. Finder can also display previews of a range of files, such as images, applications and PDF files. The Quick Look feature allows users to quickly examine documents and images in more detail from the finder by pressing the space bar without opening them in a separate application.

Following the deprecation of iTunes, Finder is also now responsible for the backup and transfer of files to [[iPhone]] and [[iPad]] devices.

=== Launchpad ===
'''Launchpad''' is an [[application launcher]] that was first introduced in [[OS X Lion]]. It displays all applications installed on the user's machine in a grid of icons, which can be put into folders. Launchpad provides an alternative way to start applications in macOS, in addition to other options such as the [[Dock (macOS)|Dock]], [[Finder (software)|Finder]], and [[Spotlight (software)|Spotlight]] search. Launchpad can be used to uninstall apps that came from the [[Mac App Store]].<ref name="arstechnica-lion-review">{{cite web |last=Siracusa |first=John |date=July 20, 2011 |title=Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: the Ars Technica review |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2011/07/mac-os-x-10-7/6/#application-management |access-date=August 23, 2018 |website=arstechnica.com |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202170311/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2011/07/mac-os-x-10-7/6/#application-management |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Launchpad is set to be replaced in [[macOS Tahoe]] with an Applications interface, which integrates with Spotlight and categorizes apps into categories similar to the App Library on iOS and iPadOS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-09 |title=macOS Tahoe Transforms Launchpad Into App Library |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2025/06/09/macos-tahoe-launchpad-app-library/ |access-date=2025-06-10 |website=MacRumors |language=en}}</ref>

=== Mission Control ===
{{Main|Mission Control (macOS)}}

'''Mission Control''' is a window management system and application introduced with the release of Mac OS X 10.7 Lion, combining the features of the previous Dashboard, Exposé, and Spaces programs. It allows a user to view and organise all open application windows at once, including the ability to move windows between different connected monitors and [[virtual desktop]]s.

=== Notification Center ===

Notification Center displays notifications from apps and websites. Users access Notification Center by clicking the clock in the menu bar on macOS Big Sur or the Notification Center icon in earlier versions of macOS. Notification Center can be customized in System Settings.

=== Siri ===
{{Main|Siri}}

'''Siri''' is a digital assistant introduced in [[macOS Sierra]] that allows the user to interact with it to ask questions, make recommendations, and perform actions either on the device or by delegating requests to a set of [[Internet]] services. With continued use, it adapts to users' individual language usages, searches, and preferences, returning individualized results.

=== Spotlight ===
{{Main|Spotlight (Apple)}}
[[File:Spotlight on macOS Big Sur.png|thumb|Spotlight in macOS Big Sur]]
Spotlight is macOS's [[selection-based search]] system, used for indexing documents, pictures, music, applications, and [[System Settings]] within the computer. In addition, specific words in documents and in web pages in a web browser's history or bookmarks can be searched. It also allows the user to narrow down searches with creation dates, modification dates, sizes, types and other [[File attribute|attributes]].

=== Time Machine ===
{{Main|Time Machine (macOS)}}

'''Time Machine''' is a [[Backup software|backup]] mechanism first introduced in [[Mac OS X Leopard|Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard]]. It creates incremental backups of files that can be restored at a later date, and allows the user to restore the whole system or specific files. The software is designed to work with both local storage devices and network-attached disks, and is most commonly used with external disk drives connected using either [[USB]] or [[Thunderbolt (interface)|Thunderbolt]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Back up your Mac with Time Machine |url=https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201250 |access-date=October 4, 2020 |website=Apple Support |language=en |archive-date=January 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107052004/https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201250 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Back up your files with Time Machine on Mac |url=https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/back-up-files-mh35860/mac |access-date=October 4, 2020 |website=Apple Support |language=en |archive-date=November 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127114043/https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/back-up-files-mh35860/mac |url-status=live }}</ref>

== System components ==

=== Archive Utility ===
'''Archive Utility''' (BOMArchiveHelper until Mac OS X 10.5) is the default [[File archiver|archive file]] handler in [[macOS]]. It is usually invoked automatically when opening a file in one of its supported formats.<ref>{{cite web |last=McElhearn |first=Kirk |date=April 30, 2012 |title=Beyond .zip: Secrets of the Archive Utility |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/217555/beyond-zip-secrets-of-the-archive-utility.html |access-date=January 22, 2022 |website=Macworld |archive-date=January 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122013625/https://www.macworld.com/article/217555/beyond-zip-secrets-of-the-archive-utility.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It can be used to create compressed [[ZIP (file format)|ZIP archives]] by choosing "Create archive of 'file{{'"}} (Leopard: "Compress") in the [[Finder (software)|Finder]]'s [[File menu|File]] or [[contextual menu]]. It is located at <code>/System/Library/CoreServices/Applications/Archive Utility.app</code> in OS X 10.10 and later, <code>/System/Library/CoreServices/Archive Utility.app</code> in 10.5 through 10.9, and <code>/System/Library/CoreServices/BOMArchiveHelper.app</code> in [[Mac OS X v10.4|10.4]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Sandro Cuccla |date=October 27, 2012 |title=How to Use & Customize OS X's Built-in Archive Utility App |url=http://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/how-to-use-and-customize-os-xs-built-in-archive-utility-app |access-date=November 25, 2013 |website=The Mac Observer |archive-date=November 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129223039/https://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/how-to-use-and-customize-os-xs-built-in-archive-utility-app |url-status=live }}</ref> Prior to Archive Utility's inclusion in [[Mac OS X v10.3]], beginning with [[Mac OS 7.6]], Apple bundled the freeware [[StuffIt Expander]] with the operating system.

Invoking Archive Utility manually shows a minimal [[graphical user interface|GUI]] letting the user change Archive Utility preferences or choose files to compress or uncompress.

BOM is an abbreviation of Bill of Materials. [[Bill of Materials]] files or .bom files are used by the macOS [[Installer (macOS)|Installer]] program to document where files in an installer bundle are installed, what their file permissions should be, and other file metadata. Thus, a Bill of Materials is read by the Installer, and Archive Utility ''helps'' it by extracting the files specified in the BOM.

=== Crash Reporter ===
'''Crash Reporter''' is the standard [[crash reporter]] in [[macOS]].<ref>{{cite web |date=April 1, 2008 |title=Technical Note TN2123: CrashReporter |url=https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#technotes/tn2004/tn2123.html |publisher=Apple Inc. |access-date=April 30, 2016 |archive-date=June 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609170929/http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#technotes/tn2004/tn2123.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Crash Reporter can send the crash logs to [[Apple Inc.]] for their [[engineer]]s to review.

Crash Reporter has three modes of operations:

*'''Basic''' — The default mode. Only application crashes are reported, and the dialog does not contain any debugging information.
*'''Developer''' — In addition to application crashes, crashes are also displayed for background and system processes.
*'''Server''' — The default for macOS Server systems. No crash reports are shown to the user (though they are still logged).
*'''None''' — Disables the dialog prompt. Crash reports are neither displayed nor logged.

The developer tool [[Apple Developer Tools#CrashReporterPrefs|CrashReporterPrefs]] can be used to change modes, as can using the terminal command <code>[[defaults (software)|defaults]] write com.apple.CrashReporter DialogType [basic|developer|server]</code>.

In basic mode, if Crash Reporter notices an application has crashed twice in succession, it will offer to rename the application's preference file and try again (corrupted preference files being a common cause of crashes).{{Citation needed|date=April 2022}}

When reporting a crash, the top text field of the window has the crash log, while the bottom field is for user comments. Users may also [[copy and paste]] the log into their e-mail client to send to a third-party application developer for the developer to use.

=== DiskImageMounter ===
'''DiskImageMounter''' is the utility that handles mounting [[disk volume image]]s in [[Mac OS X]], starting with version [[Mac OS X v10.3|10.3]]. DiskImageMounter works by either launching a [[daemon (computer software)|daemon]] to handle the disk image or by contacting a running daemon and have it mount the disk.

Like [[BOMArchiveHelper]], DiskImageMounter has no [[Graphical user interface|GUI]] when [[double-click]]ed; doing so does nothing. The only GUI the program ever displays is a window with a [[progress bar]] and mount options (cancel or skip verification) or an error report if it could not mount the image. It is found in <kbd>/System/Library/CoreServices/DiskImageMounter.app</kbd>.

Starting with version [[Mac OS X v10.7|10.7]], Apple "removed double-click support for images using legacy metadata."<ref name="hdiutil_man">{{cite web |title=hdiutil(1) Mac OS X Manual Page |url=https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Darwin/Reference/ManPages/man1/hdiutil.1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625074832/https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Darwin/Reference/ManPages/man1/hdiutil.1.html |archive-date=June 25, 2014 |access-date=September 3, 2014 |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]]}}</ref> DiskImageMounter will not be able to open .img (NDIF only), .smi (self mounting), .dc42 (Disk Copy 4.2), and .dart (DART) disk image formats that was previously supported in version [[Mac OS X v10.6|10.6]] and earlier.

DiskImageMounter supports a variety of disk image file types:<ref name="plist"><kbd>/System/Library/CoreServices/DiskImageMounter.app/Contents/Info.plist</kbd></ref>

* [[Apple Disk Image]] ([[.dmg]], com.apple.disk-image)
* [[Universal Disk Image Format|UDIF]] disk images (.udif, com.apple.disk-image-udif); UDIF segment (.devs, .dmgpart, com.apple.disk-image-udif-segment)
* [[self mounting image]] (.smi, com.apple.disk-image-smi)
* DVD/CD-R master image (.[[Toast (software)|toast]], .dvdr, .cdr, com.apple.disk-image-cdr, com.roxio.disk-image-toast)
* disk image segment (dmgpart)<ref name="plist" />
* raw disk image ([[OSType]]s: devr, hdrv, DDim, com.apple.disk-image-raw)
* PC drive container ([[OSType]]s: OPCD, com.apple.disk-image-pc)
* [[ISO image]] (.iso, public.iso-image)
* [[sparse disk image]] (.sparseimage, com.apple.disk-image-sparse, .sparsebundle)

As of macOS 11.0, support for the following formats has been removed:

* [[Disk Copy]] 4.2 disk image (.dc42, .diskcopy42, com.apple.disk-image-dc42)
* DART disk image (.dart, com.apple.disk-image-dart)
* NDIF disk image{{refn|[[Classic Environment|Mac OS Classic]] legacy disk image format supported by DiskImageMounter under Mac OS X versions 10.3—10.6.<ref name=hdiutil_man /> As of version 10.9, hdiutil can still convert these formats but unable to open or write them, and version 11.0 removed all support.|name=legacy|group=nb}} (.ndif, .img, com.apple.disk-image-ndif); NDIF disk image segment (.imgpart, com.apple.disk-image-ndif-segment)

=== Directory Utility ===
'''Directory Utility''' is a utility included with the [[macOS]] (previously Mac OS X) [[operating system]] to configure connections to [[directory services]]. Prior to Mac OS X 10.5, this tool was named Directory Access. Apple's LDAP implementation is called [[Apple Open Directory]].

=== DVD Player ===
'''DVD Player''', formerly '''Apple DVD Player''', is the default [[DVD player]] in [[macOS]]. It supports all the standard [[DVD]] features such as multiple audio, video & subtitle tracks as well as [[Dolby Digital]] 5.1 passthrough, DVD access [[Uniform Resource Locator|URLs]] and [[closed caption]]s. In some instances, users can choose which [[VOB]] file to open. DVD Player is also fully compatible with DVDs authored by [[DVD Studio Pro]] and [[iDVD]], including [[HD DVD]]s by DVD Studio Pro.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.apple.com/downloads/macosx/apple/application_updates/dvdplayer46.html |title=DVD Player 4.6 release notes |access-date=October 7, 2022 |archive-date=May 22, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100522173337/http://www.apple.com/downloads/macosx/apple/application_updates/dvdplayer46.html |url-status=live }}</ref> As of [[macOS Mojave]], it has been updated to 64-bit, sports a new icon and has better [[Touch Bar]] support.

DVD Player complies with most copyright laws, and will thus enforce most restrictive measures of [[DVD]] technology, such as [[DVD region code|region-restrictive encodings]] and [[User operation prohibition|user-inhibited operations]] ("disabled actions"). It does this even when using an all-region DVD drive. It will even force Apple's Screenshot program to cease functioning through the Finder interface until the DVD Player application is quit, effectively preventing the user from taking screen captures of visual DVD content.

The software does not contain a DTS decoder, so DTS tracks cannot be played through the Mac's built in speakers or analog output. However, DTS tracks can be output to devices that have their own decoder, so playback is supported through outputs such as S/PDIF, DisplayPort and HDMI. It has never supported the ability to play Blu-Ray discs.<ref name="Alderman iMore">{{cite web |last1=Alderman |first1=Nathan |title=Best apps for playing Blu-rays on your Mac in 2020 |url=https://www.imore.com/best-apps-blu-rays-mac |access-date=June 27, 2020 |website=[[iMore]] |archive-date=June 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627232757/https://www.imore.com/best-apps-blu-rays-mac |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Feedback Assistant ===
The '''Feedback Assistant''' is made available to customers in the Apple Software Customer Seeding, AppleSeed for IT or Apple Beta Software programs and allows a user to manually send feedback, reports, or requests to Apple.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Intro to Feedback Assistant on Mac |url=https://support.apple.com/en-au/guide/feedback-assistant/fba2e39e53f5/mac |access-date=April 16, 2022 |website=Apple Support |language=en}}</ref>

=== HelpViewer ===
'''Help Viewer''' is a [[WebKit]] based [[HTML]] viewer for [[macOS]] aimed at displaying [[help file]]s and other [[documentation]]. It is found in {{samp|/System/Library/CoreServices/Help Viewer.app}}. The default [[file extension]] is ".help". Help [[Index (database)|index]] files are generated with [[Apple Developer Tools#Help Indexer|Help Indexer]]. macOS applications typically use Help Viewer to display their help content, rather than a custom system.

Help Viewer's implementation in Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard) found its way to Rob Griffiths' list of Leopard criticisms, because Apple changed the software from a standalone application with a standard window interface to one with a floating window that always appears in front of all other application windows, obscuring the interface for which one is seeking help (see image below).

Although one can close or minimize the Help Viewer window, it is difficult to consult the Help Viewer while simultaneously working with the application, short of changing the size of windows so both fit on the screen.<ref>{{cite web |last=Griffiths |first=Rob |date=October 27, 2008 |title=Leopard's year old annoyances |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/136312/105issues.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109054322/http://www.macworld.com/article/136312/105issues.html |archive-date=January 9, 2009 |access-date=December 7, 2008 |publisher=Macworld}}</ref> The Help Viewer window also does not work with the Exposé window management feature (Mission Control in OS X 10.7 or later).  There is a workaround using the defaults command accessible in the Terminal.<ref>{{cite web |last=Griffiths |first=Rob |date=June 8, 2008 |title=Put 10.5's help windows in the background |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/133814/2008/06/105helpbkgnd.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081226104515/http://www.macworld.com/article/133814/2008/06/105helpbkgnd.html |archive-date=December 26, 2008 |access-date=December 7, 2008 |publisher=Macworld}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Holt |first=Melissa |date=July 26, 2017 |title=macOS: Use Terminal to Send Help Viewer to the Back |url=https://www.macobserver.com/tips/quick-tip/macos-terminal-send-help-viewer-back/ |publisher=The Mac Observer |access-date=October 7, 2022 |archive-date=October 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007130830/https://www.macobserver.com/tips/quick-tip/macos-terminal-send-help-viewer-back/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Installer ===
'''Installer''' extracts and installs files out of .pkg [[Software package (installation)|packages]], allowing developers to create uniform [[Installer|software installers]].

Installer launches when a package or metapackage file is opened. The installation process itself can vary substantially, as Installer allows developers to customize the information the user is presented with. For example, it can be made to display a custom welcome message, [[software license]] and [[readme]].  Installer also handles authentication, checks that packages are valid before installing them, and allows developers to run custom [[Scripting language|scripts]] at several points during the installation process.<ref>{{cite web |title=Software Delivery Guide – Specifying Install Operations |url=https://developer.apple.com/legacy/library/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/SoftwareDistribution4/Install_Operations/Install_Operations.html |access-date=October 11, 2016 |publisher=Apple |archive-date=March 31, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331184143/https://developer.apple.com/legacy/library/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/SoftwareDistribution4/Install_Operations/Install_Operations.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Installer packages have the file extension {{mono|.pkg}}. Prior to [[Mac OS X Leopard]], installer packages were implemented as [[Package (macOS)|Mac OS X packages]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Software Delivery Guide |url=https://developer.apple.com/legacy/library/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/SoftwareDistribution4/Managed_Installs/Managed_Installs.html |access-date=March 15, 2015 |publisher=Apple |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110310/https://developer.apple.com/legacy/library/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/SoftwareDistribution4/Managed_Installs/Managed_Installs.html |url-status=live }}</ref> These packages were a collection of files that resided in folders with a .pkg file extension.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Flat Package |url=http://www.mactech.com/articles/mactech/Vol.26/26.02/TheFlatPackage/index.html |access-date=March 15, 2015 |publisher=MacTech |archive-date=February 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228144033/http://www.mactech.com/articles/mactech/Vol.26/26.02/TheFlatPackage/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OSX legacy packaging redux |url=https://matthew-brett.github.io/docosx/legacy_package_redux.html |access-date=March 15, 2015 |publisher=Matthew Brett |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402181941/http://matthew-brett.github.io/docosx/legacy_package_redux.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In [[Mac OS X Leopard]] the software packaging method was changed to use the [[Xar (archiver)|XAR (eXtensible ARchiver)]] file format; the directory tree containing the files is packaged as an xar archive file with a {{mono|.pkg}} extension.<ref>{{cite web |date=December 30, 2006 |title=XAR NEW MacOS X 10.5 package format |url=http://www.macgeekblog.com/blog/archive/2006/12/30/macos-x-10-5-new-package-format-xar.html |access-date=March 15, 2015 |publisher=MacGeekBlog |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402093449/http://www.macgeekblog.com/blog/archive/2006/12/30/macos-x-10-5-new-package-format-xar.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Instead of distributing multiple files for a package, this allowed all of the software files to be contained in a single file for easier distribution with the benefit of package [[Digital signature|signing]].

=== loginwindow ===
The '''loginwindow''' process displays the macOS login window at system startup if auto-login is not set, verifies login attempts, and launches login applications. It also implements the Force Quit window, restarts macOS user interface components (the Dock and Finder) if they crash, and handles the logout, restart, and shutdown routines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The loginwindow Process {{!}} Apple Training Series: Mac OS X Support Essentials v10.6: A Guide to Supporting and Troubleshooting Mac OS X v10.6 Snow Leopard |url=https://flylib.com/books/en/2.673.1.128/1/ |access-date=October 1, 2020 |website=flylib.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 21, 2019 |title=Mac OS X: What Are All Those Processes? |url=http://www.westwind.com/reference/OS-X/background-processes.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191121150922/http://www.westwind.com/reference/OS-X/background-processes.html |archive-date=November 21, 2019 |access-date=October 1, 2020}}</ref>

Users are assigned their own loginwindow when they log in; if a loginwindow process belonging to a specific user is force quit, they will be logged out.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 17, 2015 |title=How to Log Out Another User Without Logging In On Mac OS X |url=https://osxdaily.com/2015/08/17/log-out-other-user-without-logging-in-mac-os-x/ |access-date=October 1, 2020 |website=OS X Daily |language=en |archive-date=September 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910024245/https://osxdaily.com/2015/08/17/log-out-other-user-without-logging-in-mac-os-x/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Software Update ===
'''Software Update''' is a section in System Settings for Mac Software Updates, as well as updates to core Mac apps, starting in macOS Mojave (10.14); it also has an item in the [[Apple menu]]. From OS X Mountain Lion (10.8)<ref>{{cite web |last=Whittaker |first=Zack |date=February 16, 2012 |title=OS X 'Mountain Lion' unifies software update into Mac App Store |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/os-x-mountain-lion-unifies-software-update-into-mac-app-store/ |website=[[ZDNet]] |access-date=July 19, 2020 |archive-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006065617/https://www.zdnet.com/article/os-x-mountain-lion-unifies-software-update-into-mac-app-store/ |url-status=live }}</ref> to macOS High Sierra (10.13), the Mac App Store was used for Software Updates; prior to that, Software Update was a separate utility, which could be launched from the Apple menu or from the Software Update pane in System Settings.

=== Other ===
Other system components include:

* About This Mac, which shows information about the Mac it is running on, such as the hardware, serial number, and macOS version.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Find the model and serial number of your Mac |url=https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201581 |access-date=October 1, 2020 |website=Apple Support |language=en |archive-date=December 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203220534/https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201581 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Captive Network Assistant, a [[Daemon (computing)|daemon]] used to access [[captive portal]]s when connected to public Wi-Fi networks.
* Certificate Assistant, a utility for creating and verifying [[Public key certificate|digital certificates]].
* ControlStrip, a daemon that controls the [[Touch Bar]].
* CoreLocationAgent, a daemon responsible for displaying authorization prompts to allow apps and widgets to access location services.<ref>{{Cite web|title=corelocationagent(8) [mojave man page]|url=https://www.unix.com/man-page/mojave/8/corelocationagent|access-date=May 17, 2021|website=The UNIX and Linux Forums|language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240228190639/https://www.unix.com/man-page/mojave/8/corelocationagent |archive-date= 28 February 2024 }}</ref>
* Expansion Slot Utility, a program that allows manual allocation of [[PCI Express|PCIe card]] bandwidth. It is only available on certain [[Mac Pro]] models.
* FolderActionsDispatcher, a daemon responsible for monitoring changes to the filesystem to run Folder Action scripts.
* Install Command Line Developer Tools, a utility that allows developers to easily install Xcode's command line developer tools if Xcode is not installed. It can be executed by running {{code | xcode-select --install}} in the terminal.<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 12, 2014|title=How to Install Command Line Tools in Mac OS X (Without Xcode)|url=https://osxdaily.com/2014/02/12/install-command-line-tools-mac-os-x/|access-date=November 8, 2021|website=OS X Daily|language=en|archive-date=January 13, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113084949/https://osxdaily.com/2014/02/12/install-command-line-tools-mac-os-x/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* iOS App Installer, an app that downloads [[.ipa]] files for iPadOS applications so that they can be run on [[Mac transition to Apple silicon|Apple silicon-based Macs]].
* Keychain Circle Notification, a daemon involved in iCloud Keychain syncing.
* ManagedClient manages various functions pertaining to managed preferences and configuration profiles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=managedclient(8) [mojave man page] |url=https://www.unix.com/man-page/mojave/8/managedclient |access-date=April 16, 2022 |website=The UNIX and Linux Forums |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url= https://archive.today/20240228191409/https://www.unix.com/man-page/mojave/8/managedclient |archive-date= 28 February 2024 }}</ref>
* Setup Assistant is the application that starts on first boot of a fresh copy of macOS or a new Mac. It configures computer accounts, Apple ID, iCloud, and Accessibility settings. It is also run after major macOS system upgrades.
* OBEXAgent, a server that handles Bluetooth access.
* ODSAgent, a server that handles remote disk access.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pmDMZkzShcQC|title=Enterprise Mac Security: Mac OS X Snow Leopard|first1=Charles S.|last1=Edge|first2=William|last2=Barker|first3=Beau|last3=Hunter|first4=Gene|last4=Sullivan|date=December 31, 2010|page=38|publisher=[[Apress]]|isbn=978-1-4302-2731-1}}</ref>
* OSDUIHelper, a daemon that displays on-screen graphics when certain settings, such as volume or display brightness, are adjusted.
* PIPAgent, which manages the [[picture-in-picture]] feature available in [[macOS Sierra]] and later.
* Photo Library Migration Utility, which can migrate [[iPhoto]] and [[Aperture (software)|Aperture]] libraries to [[Photos (Apple)|Photos]].
* PowerChime, present on some MacBook models, plays a chime when the notebook is plugged in to power.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Turning On Or Off the MacBook Power Chime|url=https://macmost.com/turning-on-or-off-the-macbook-power-chime.html|access-date=October 1, 2020|website=MacMost.com|date=May 24, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=July 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716200149/https://macmost.com/turning-on-or-off-the-macbook-power-chime.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* ReportPanic, an app that displays a window when the system reboots from a [[kernel panic]]; it allows the user to send a report to Apple.<ref>{{man|8|ReportPanic|Darwin}}</ref>
* screencaptureui, a daemon responsible for drawing the user interface shown when taking a [[screenshot]].
* ScreenSaverEngine, the process that handles screen saver access. When invoked, it will display the screensaver.
* SystemUIServer, a daemon that manages status items in the menu bar.
* ThermalTrap, a daemon which notifies users when the system temperature exceeds a usable limit.
* Ticket Viewer, an app that displays [[Kerberos (protocol)|Kerberos]] tickets.
* UnmountAssistantAgent, which displays a dialog if there is a process preventing ejection of a disk and offers to forcibly eject the disk if the process cannot be quit.
* Wireless Diagnostics, an app that launches when W-Fi connectivity problems are detected.

== Discontinued ==

=== Classic ===
{{Redirect|MacOS Classic|the pre-Mac OS X operating system for Macs|Classic Mac OS}}
[[File:JPEGView version 3.3.1 running on Mac OS X Classic Environment.png|thumb|right|[[JPEGView]] running in the Classic Environment]]
The '''Classic''' '''Environment''', usually referred to as '''Classic''', is a [[Computer hardware|hardware]] and [[software]] [[abstraction layer]] in [[PowerPC]] versions of [[Mac OS X]] that allows most [[legacy system|legacy]] [[Application software|applications]] compatible with [[Mac OS 9]] to run on Mac OS X. The name "Classic" is also sometimes used by software vendors to refer to the [[API|application programming interface]] available to "classic" applications, to differentiate between programming for Mac OS X and the classic version of the Mac OS.

The Classic Environment is supported on PowerPC-based [[Macintosh]] computers running versions of Mac OS X up to [[Mac OS X Tiger|10.4]] "Tiger", but not with [[Mac OS X Leopard|10.5]] "Leopard" or Macintoshes utilizing any other architecture than PowerPC.

The Classic Environment is a descendant of [[Rhapsody (operating system)|Rhapsody]]'s '''"Blue Box"''' virtualization layer, which served as a [[proof of concept]]. (Previously, Apple [[A/UX]] also offered a virtualized Mac OS environment on top of a [[Unix|UNIX]] operating system.) It uses a Mac OS 9 [[System Folder (Mac OS)|System Folder]], and a [[New World ROM]] file to bridge the differences between the older PowerPC Macintosh [[Computing platform|platforms]] and the [[XNU]] [[Kernel (operating system)|kernel]] environment. The Classic Environment was created as a key element of Apple's strategy to replace the [[classic Mac OS]] (versions 9 and below) with Mac OS X as the standard operating system (OS) used by [[Mac (computer)|Macintosh]] computers by eliminating the need to use the older OS directly.

The Classic Environment can be loaded at [[login]] (for faster activation when needed later), on command, or whenever a Mac OS application that requires it is launched (to reduce the use of system resources when not needed). It requires a full version of Mac OS 9 to be installed on the system, and loads an instance of that OS in a [[sandbox (computer security)|sandbox]] environment, replacing some low-level [[system call]]s with equivalent calls to Mac OS X via updated system files and the Classic Support system enabler. This sandbox is used to launch all "classic" Mac OS applications—there is only one instance of the Classic [[Process (computing)|process]] running for a given user, and only one user per machine may be running Classic at a time.

The Classic Environment can also be configured to show a [[Window (computing)|window]] upon startup of the Classic Environment, which simulates a computer booting into Mac OS 9. If the user chooses to launch the Classic Environment only when needed, launching a "classic" application first launches the Classic Environment, and then the application launches. When a "classic" application is in the foreground, the [[menu bar]] at the top of the screen changes to the older-style Mac OS menu bar. [[Dialog box]]es and other user-interface elements retain their traditional appearance.

The Classic Environment also provides a way to run "Classic" applications on Apple's [[PowerPC 970|G5]] systems as well as on most G4 based computers sold after January 2003. These machines cannot boot Mac OS 9 or earlier without the bridging capabilities of the Classic Environment or other software (see [[SheepShaver]]); in the former case, G5 Macs cannot run Mac OS 9 natively due to the lack of G5 processor support on Mac OS 9, while in the latter case, G4 Macs released from that point onwards cannot boot into Mac OS 9 natively because the "Mac OS ROM" boot files were not updated to support booting into Mac OS 9 directly from those Macs.

The Classic Environment's compatibility is usually sufficient for many applications, provided the application using it does not require direct access to hardware or engage in full-screen drawing. However, it is not a complete clone of Mac OS 9. The Finder included with [[Mac OS X v10.2]] and later does not support the "Reveal Object" [[Apple event]]s used by some Mac OS 9 applications, causing the "Reveal In Finder" functionality for those applications to be lost. Early releases of Mac OS X would often fail to draw window frames of Classic applications correctly, and after the Classic Environment's windowing was made [[Multiple buffering|double buffered]] in [[Mac OS X Panther]], some older applications and games sometimes failed to update the screen properly, such as the original Macintosh port of ''[[Doom (1993 video game)|Doom]]''. On the other hand, the Classic Environment also "resurrected" some older applications that were previously made unusable on the [[Macintosh Quadra]] and [[Power Macintosh]] series; this is because Mac OS X replaced Mac OS 9's original [[virtual memory]] system with a more standard and less fragile implementation.

The Classic Environment's [[Benchmark (computing)|performance]] is also generally acceptable, with a few exceptions. Most of an application is run directly as PowerPC [[Machine language|code]] (which would not be possible on Intel-based Macs). [[Motorola]] [[Motorola 68000 series|68k]] code is handled by the same [[Mac 68k emulator|Motorola 68LC040 emulator]] that Mac OS 9 uses.  Some application functions are actually faster in the Classic Environment than under Mac OS 9 on equivalent hardware, due to performance improvements in the newer operating system's [[device driver]]s. These applications are largely those that use heavy disk processing, and were often quickly [[porting|ported]] to Mac OS X by their developers. On the other hand, applications that rely on heavy processing and which did not share resources under Mac OS 9's [[co-operative multitasking]] model will be interrupted by other (non-Classic) processes under Mac OS X's [[preemptive multitasking]]. The greater processing power of most systems that run Mac OS X (compared to systems intended to run [[Mac OS 8]] or 9) helps to mitigate the performance degradation of the Classic Environment's virtualization.

=== Dashboard ===
{{Main|Dashboard (macOS)}}

'''Dashboard''' was an application for Apple Inc.'s macOS operating systems, used as a secondary desktop for hosting mini-applications known as widgets. These were intended to be simple applications that launched quickly. Dashboard applications supplied with macOS included a stock ticker, weather report, calculator and notepad; users can create or download their own. Before [[Mac OS X 10.7 Lion]], when Dashboard is activated, the user's desktop is dimmed and widgets appear in the foreground. Like application windows, they could be moved around, rearranged, deleted, and duplicated (so that more than one of the same Widget is open at the same time, possibly with different settings). New widgets could be opened via an icon bar on the bottom layer, loading a list of available apps similar to the iOS homescreen or the macOS [[Launchpad (macOS)|Launchpad]].

Dashboard was first introduced in [[Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.maketecheasier.com/create-dashboard-widgets-from-safari/|title=How to create your own OS X Dashboard Widgets from Safari – Make Tech Easier|date=July 26, 2010|newspaper=Make Tech Easier|language=en-US|access-date=January 8, 2017|archive-date=August 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818043737/https://www.maketecheasier.com/create-dashboard-widgets-from-safari/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.macworld.co.uk/review/mac-software/mac-os-x-yosemite-review-3516686/|title=Yosemite review: Continuity and WiFi problems mar an otherwise pleasing update|last=Haslam|first=Karen|newspaper=Macworld UK|language=en-GB|access-date=January 10, 2017|archive-date=August 19, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150819061536/http://www.macworld.co.uk/review/mac-software/mac-os-x-yosemite-review-3516686/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BBwwJuVfLg0C&q=os+x+dashboard+widgets+api&pg=PA186|title=Pro Web Gadgets for Mobile and Desktop|last=Udell|first=Sterling|date=April 6, 2010|publisher=Apress|isbn=978-1-4302-2552-2|language=en|access-date=October 18, 2020|archive-date=April 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424233921/https://books.google.com/books?id=BBwwJuVfLg0C&q=os+x+dashboard+widgets+api&pg=PA186|url-status=live}}</ref> It could be activated as an application, from the Dock, Launchpad or Spotlight. It could also be accessed by a [[Apple Keyboard#Usage of function keys|dashboard key]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.macworld.co.uk/how-to/mac-software/how-make-mac-dashboard-useful-3517197/|title=3 ways to Mac Dashboard useful again: games, entertainment and fresh new productivity widgets|last=Hattersley|first=Lucy|newspaper=Macworld UK|language=en-GB|access-date=January 13, 2017|archive-date=July 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726161042/https://www.macworld.co.uk/how-to/mac-software/how-make-mac-dashboard-useful-3517197/|url-status=live}}</ref> Alternatively, the user can choose to make Dashboard open on moving the cursor into a preassigned hot corner or keyboard shortcut. Starting with [[Mac OS X 10.7 Lion]], the Dashboard can be configured as a [[Spaces (software)|space]], accessed by swiping four fingers to the right from the Desktops either side of it. In [[OS X 10.10 Yosemite]], the Dashboard is disabled by default, as the [[Notification Center]] is now the primary method of displaying widgets.

Dashboard was removed in [[macOS Catalina]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/4/18652971/apple-macos-catalina-dashboard-widgets-removed-feature|title=Apple will permanently remove Dashboard in macOS Catalina|last=Statt|first=Nick|date=June 4, 2019|website=[[The Verge]]|access-date=June 5, 2019|archive-date=January 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116231757/https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/4/18652971/apple-macos-catalina-dashboard-widgets-removed-feature/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Grab ===
'''Grab''' was a built-in utility for taking screenshots. It supported capturing a marquee selection, a whole window, or the whole screen, as well as timed screenshots. The program originated from [[NeXTSTEP]], and was replaced by the Screenshot utility in [[macOS Mojave]]. Grab saved screenshots in the TIFF format. It was also possible to save screenshots in PDF format (earlier versions of macOS) or PNG format (later versions).

=== iDVD ===
{{Main|iDVD}}
'''iDVD''' is a discontinued application that could be used to create DVDs.

=== Internet Connect ===
The '''Internet Connect''' program in [[Mac OS X]] allows the user to activate dial-up connections to the Internet via an [[Internet service provider|ISP]] or [[Virtual private network|VPN]]. It also provides a simple way to connect to an [[AirPort]] Network.  Up to the latest version of [[Mac OS X 10.4]], the Internet Connect application provides more general tools than the more detailed Network pane in [[System Settings]], which allows the user to configure and control systemwide network settings.  However, as of [[Mac OS X 10.5]], Internet Connect's functions have been incorporated into the Network pane of System Settings, and the application is no longer included.

Use of Internet Connect is generally not necessary if the [[Macintosh]] is connected to the internet through an [[Ethernet]] device to [[Digital subscriber line|DSL]] or [[cable internet]] service, except to manage connections to any subordinate [[bluetooth]] equipment.

=== iSync ===
{{Main|iSync}}
'''iSync''' was a tool made to sync [[Calendar (Apple)|iCal]] and [[Contacts (Apple)|Address Book]] data to a [[SyncML]]-enabled mobile phone, via [[Bluetooth]] or by using a [[USB]] connection. It was released on January 2, 2003, with technology licensed from fusionOne. Support for many (pre-October 2007) devices was built-in,<ref>{{cite web |title=iSync: Supported mobile phones in Mac OS X 10.4, 10.5, and 10.6 |url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2824 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081108063357/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2824 |archive-date=November 8, 2008 }}</ref> with newer devices being supported via manufacturer and third-party iSync Plugins. Support for Palm OS organizers and compatible smartphones was removed with the release of iSync 3.1 and Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard. [[BlackBerry OS]], [[Palm OS]], and [[Windows Mobile]] ([[Pocket PC]]) devices could not be used with iSync, but were supported by third-party applications. Before the release of [[Mac OS X 10.4]], iSync also synchronized a user's [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]] bookmarks with the then usable [[.Mac]] subscription service provided by Apple.

=== iTunes ===
{{Main|iTunes}}
'''iTunes''' is a [[Media player (software)|media player]], media library, [[Internet radio]] broadcaster, [[mobile device]] management utility, and the client app for [[iTunes Store]]. It is used to purchase, play, download, and organize digital multimedia, on personal computers running the [[macOS]] and [[Windows]] operating systems. iTunes is developed by [[Apple Inc.]] It was announced on January 9, 2001.

Because iTunes was criticized for having a [[software bloat|bloated]] [[User experience design|user experience]], Apple decided to split iTunes into separate apps as of [[macOS Catalina]]: [[Apple Music (software)|Apple Music]], [[Apple Podcasts]], and [[Apple TV app|Apple TV]]. [[Finder (software)|Finder]] would take over the device management aspect that iTunes previously served.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/3/18647182/apple-itunes-podcasts-music-tv-mac-os-wwdc-2019|title=Apple breaks up iTunes, creates separate Podcasts, TV, and Music apps for macOS|last=Carman|first=Ashley|date=June 3, 2019|website=The Verge|access-date=June 3, 2019|archive-date=January 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130024406/https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/3/18647182/apple-itunes-podcasts-music-tv-mac-os-wwdc-2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/itunes-shutting-down-1203231598/|title=Apple Is Officially Killing iTunes, Replacing It With Three Dedicated Media Apps|last=Roettgers|first=Janko|date=June 3, 2019|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=June 3, 2019|archive-date=January 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130024426/https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/itunes-shutting-down-1203231598/|url-status=live}}</ref> This change would not affect Windows or older macOS versions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/apple-itunes-store-ios-windows-not-going-away-1203231814/|title=Apple's iTunes Store, iTunes App for Windows Aren't Going Away|last=Spangler|first=Todd|date=June 3, 2019|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|language=en|access-date=June 3, 2019|archive-date=November 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124090137/https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/apple-itunes-store-ios-windows-not-going-away-1203231814/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Network Utility ===
'''Network Utility''' was an application for [[macOS]] up to [[macOS Catalina]] that provided a variety of tools that could be used related to [[Computer networking|computer network]] information gathering and [[analysis]]. Starting with [[macOS Big Sur]] the application is no longer included and was replaced with a message that it has been deprecated.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Network Utility Deprecated in macOS Big Sur |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2020/06/23/network-utility-deprecated-macos-big-sur/ |first1=Joe |last1=Rossignol |access-date=November 18, 2020 |website=MacRumors |date=June 23, 2020 |archive-date=October 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003085904/https://www.macrumors.com/2020/06/23/network-utility-deprecated-macos-big-sur/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 12, 2020 |title=macOS 11.0 Big Sur: The Ars Technica review |author-last1=Cunningham|author-first1=Andrew|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2020/11/macos-11-0-big-sur-the-ars-technica-review/12/ |access-date=November 18, 2020 |website=Ars Technica|archive-date=November 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116163410/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2020/11/macos-11-0-big-sur-the-ars-technica-review/12/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Starting with [[macOS Ventura]], the application is removed from the OS.

Network Utility showed information about each of your network connections, including the [[MAC address]] of the interface, the [[IP address]] assigned to it, its speed and status, a count of data [[Network packet|packets]] sent and received, and a count of transmission errors and collisions. It also provided a GUI to the [[netstat]], [[Ping (networking utility)|ping]], [[traceroute]], [[whois]], [[Finger protocol|finger]], and stroke UNIX programs.

=== ODBC Administrator ===
'''ODBC Administrator''' was a 32-bit utility in the [[Mac OS X]] [[operating system]] for administering [[ODBC]], which enables interaction with ODBC-compliant data sources.  Features included connection pooling, trace log creation, and ODBC driver management, among other administration features.

Although Apple started including the underlying iODBC libraries in [[Mac OS X Jaguar]],<ref name="OSSinMacOSX1021">{{Cite web |url=https://opensource.apple.com/release/mac-os-x-1021.html |title=Open Source Software in Mac OS X Jaguar (10.2.1) |access-date=October 7, 2022 |archive-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509224515/https://opensource.apple.com/release/mac-os-x-1021.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and continued to do so through at least [[macOS Big Sur]],<ref name="OSSinMacOSX112">[https://opensource.apple.com/release/macos-112.html Open Source Software in macOS Big Sur (11.2.0)]</ref> Apple only included their ODBC Administrator through [[Mac OS X Leopard]], and temporarily made it available as a separate download (since removed) for [[Mac OS X Snow Leopard|Snow Leopard]].

Alternatives to Apple's 32-bit ODBC Administrator include the free and open source 32-bit and 64-bit iODBC Administrator included with the iODBC SDK, which is available for all extant versions of Mac OS X (10.0.x through 11.2.x).<ref name="iODBC SDK Downloads">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iodbc.org/dataspace/doc/iodbc/wiki/iodbcWiki/Downloads |title=iODBC SDK Downloads |access-date=October 7, 2022 |archive-date=October 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011105757/https://www.iodbc.org/dataspace/doc/iodbc/wiki/iodbcWiki/Downloads |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Printer Setup Utility ===
The '''Printer Setup Utility''' was an application that served to allow the user to configure printers physically connected to the computer, or connected via a [[Computer networking|network]]. The Utility provided more specific tools than the more user friendly [[Computer printer|printers]] pane in [[System Preferences]]. In [[Mac OS X Leopard|Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard]], the Printer Setup Utility was removed and its features placed in the ''Print & Fax'' System Preferences pane. Viewing individual printers' queues was moved to a ''Printer Proxy'' application.

=== Remote Install Mac OS X ===
'''Remote Install Mac OS X''' was a remote installer for use with [[MacBook Air]] laptops over the network. It could run on a [[Mac (computer)|Mac]] or a [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] PC with an optical drive. A client MacBook Air (lacking an optical drive) could then wirelessly connect to the other Mac or PC to perform system software installs.

Remote Install Mac OS X was released as part of [[Mac OS X v10.5|Mac OS X 10.5.2]] on February 12, 2008. Support for the Mac mini was added in March 2009, allowing the DVD drive to be replaced with a second hard drive.

With the launch of [[Mac OS X Lion]], Apple has omitted Remote Install.<ref>{{cite web |title=Reinstalling software using Remote Install Mac OS X v10.5 and v10.6 |url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2129 |access-date=August 3, 2011 |publisher=Apple Inc. |archive-date=September 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110925093013/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2129 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Where is the "Remote Install Mac OS X" utility? |url=https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3206492?start=0&tstart=0 |access-date=August 3, 2011 |publisher=Apple Support Community |archive-date=March 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314033016/https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3206492?start=0&tstart=0 |url-status=live }}</ref> A workaround is to enable [[Target Disk Mode]].

=== Sherlock ===
{{Excerpt|Sherlock (software)}}

=== Software Update ===
In [[Mac OS 9]] and early versions of Mac OS X, '''Software Update''' was a standalone [[software tool|tool]]. The program was part of the [[CoreServices]] in OS X. It could automatically inform users of new updates (with new features and bug and security fixes) to the operating system, applications, [[device driver]]s, and [[firmware]]. All updates required the user to enter their administrative password and some required a system restart.  It could be set to check for updates daily, weekly, monthly, or not at all; in addition, it could download and store the associated [[.pkg]] file (the same type used by [[Installer (macOS)|Installer]]) to be installed at a later date, and it maintained a history of installed updates. Starting with [[Mac OS X 10.5]] Leopard, updates that required a reboot logged out the user prior to installation and automatically restarted the computer when complete. In earlier versions of OS X, the updates were installed, but critical files were not replaced until the next system startup.

Beginning with OS X 10.8, Software Update became part of the [[Mac App Store|App Store]] application. Beginning with [[macOS Mojave]] (10.14), it became a part of [[System Settings|System preferences]].

=== X11 ===
{{Main|XQuartz}}
In [[Mac OS X Tiger]], '''X11''' was an optional install included on the install DVD. [[Mac OS X Leopard]], [[Mac OS X Snow Leopard|Snow Leopard]] and [[OS X Lion|Lion]] installed X11 by default, but from [[OS X Mountain Lion]] (10.8), Apple dropped dedicated support for X11, with users directed to the [[Open-source software|open source]] XQuartz project (to which it contributes) instead.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.macrumors.com/2012/02/17/apple-removes-x11-in-os-x-mountain-lion-shifts-support-to-open-source-xquartz/|title=Apple Removes X11 in OS X Mountain Lion, Shifts Support to Open Source XQuartz|access-date=September 14, 2016|archive-date=February 22, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222214936/http://www.macrumors.com/2012/02/17/apple-removes-x11-in-os-x-mountain-lion-shifts-support-to-open-source-xquartz/|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Development tools ==
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* [[Apple Developer Tools]]
* [[Interface Builder]]
* [[Xcode]]
* [[Quartz Composer]]
}}

== Server technology ==
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* AppleShare IP Migration
* [[Fibre Channel Utility]]
* [[Gateway Setup Assistant]]
* [[Apple Open Directory|Open Directory]]
* [[MySQL Manager]]
* [[QuickTime Broadcaster]]
* [[QuickTime Streaming Server]]
* [[RAID Admin]]
* [[Server Admin (application)|Server Admin]]
* [[Workgroup Manager]]
* [[Xgrid]]
}}

== Core components ==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[AppleScript]]
* [[Aqua (theme)|Aqua]]
* [[Audio Units]]
* [[Bonjour (protocol)|Bonjour]]
* [[Boot Camp (software)|Boot Camp]]
* [[Carbon (API)|Carbon]]
* [[Cocoa (API)|Cocoa]]
* [[Core Animation]]
* [[Core Audio]]
* [[Core Data]]
* [[Core Image]]
* [[Core Video]]
* [[Darwin (operating system)|Darwin]]
* [[Mission Control (macOS)|Mission Control]]
* [[Apple Keychain|Keychain]]
* [[OpenGL]]
* [[plist]]
* [[Quartz (graphics layer)|Quartz]]
* [[QuickTime]]
* [[Rosetta (binary translation software)|Rosetta]]
* [[Smart folder]]
* [[Spaces (software)|Spaces]]
* [[WebKit]]
* [[XNU]]
{{div col end}}

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=nb}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{macOS}}

[[Category:MacOS|components]]
[[Category:Apple Inc. lists|macOS components]]