View source for List of NASA missions

{{Short description|List of space missions by NASA}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}}
[[File:NASA spacecraft comparison2.png|right|thumb|Comparison of NASA Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and Space Shuttle spacecraft with their launch vehicles]]

This is a '''list of NASA missions''', both [[Human spaceflight|crewed]] and [[Robotic spacecraft|robotic]], [[Creation of NASA|since the establishment of NASA in 1957]]. There are over 80 currently active science missions.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://science.nasa.gov/missions-page?field_division_tid=All&field_phase_tid=29 | title=NASA Science Missions &#124; Science Mission Directorate | access-date=April 23, 2018 | archive-date=October 7, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007012040/https://science.nasa.gov/missions-page?field_division_tid=All&field_phase_tid=29 | url-status=live }}</ref>

==X-Plane program==
{{Main|List of X-planes}}
Since 1945, [[NACA]] (NASA's predecessor) and, since January 26, 1958, NASA has conducted the X-Plane Program.  The program was originally intended to create a family of [[experimental aircraft]] not intended for production beyond the limited number of each design built solely for flight research.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dryden Historic Aircraft - X-planes overview |work=Dryden Flight Research Center |publisher=NASA |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/history/HistoricAircraft/X-Planes/1940/index.html |access-date=2012-06-01 |archive-date=March 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303170842/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/history/HistoricAircraft/X-Planes/1940/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The first X-Plane, the [[Bell X-1]], was the first rocket-powered airplane to break the [[sound barrier]] on October 14, 1947.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bell X-1 "Glamorous Glennis" |work=Milestones of Flight |publisher=[[National Air and Space Museum]] |url=http://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/gal100/bellx1.html |access-date=2012-06-01 |archive-date=December 27, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121227061358/http://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/gal100/bellX1.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> X-Planes have set numerous milestones since then, both crewed and unpiloted.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APPENDIX A; HISTORY OF THE X-PLANE PROGRAM |work=Draft X-33 Environmental Impact Statement |publisher=NASA |url=https://history.nasa.gov/x1/appendixa1.html |access-date=2012-06-01 |archive-date=December 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225231844/https://history.nasa.gov/x1/appendixa1.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Human spaceflight==
{{Main|Human spaceflight}}
[[Image:STS120LaunchHiRes-edit1.jpg|right|thumb|upright|''[[Space Shuttle Discovery|Discovery]]'' [[STS-120]] launch, October 23, 2007]]
[[Image:STS-134 EVA3 Andrew Feustel and Michael Fincke 3.jpg|right|thumb|Astronauts [[Andrew Feustel]] (right) and [[Michael Fincke]], outside the ISS during the [[STS-134]] mission's [[STS-134#May 25 (Flight Day 10 – EVA 3)|third]] [[Extra-vehicular activity|spacewalk]].]]
[[File:Moon-apollo17-schmitt boulder.jpg|thumb|[[Apollo 17]] astronaut [[Harrison Schmitt]] standing next to a boulder at Taurus-Littrow. ]]
[[File:STS057-89-067 - Wisoff on the Arm (Retouched).jpg|thumb|Astronaut [[Peter Wisoff]] on a robotic arm, 1993]]
[[NASA]] has successfully launched over 200 crewed flights. Three have ended in failure, causing the death of the entire crew: [[Apollo 1]] (which never launched) in 1967 lost three crew members, [[STS-51-L]] ([[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|the ''Challenger'' disaster]]) in 1986, and [[STS-107]] ([[Space Shuttle Columbia disaster|the ''Columbia'' disaster]]) in 2003.

{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Program
!width=6 | Start date
!width=6 | First crewed flight
!width=6 | End date
!width=8 | No. of crewed <br />missions launched
!Notes
|-
|[[Project Mercury|Mercury program]]
|1958
|[[Mercury-Redstone 3|1961]]
|[[Mercury-Atlas 9|1963]]
|[[Project Mercury#Crewed|6]]
|First U.S. crewed program
|-
|[[Project Gemini|Gemini program]]
|1961
|[[Gemini 3|1965]]
|[[Gemini 12|1966]]
|[[Project Gemini#Missions|10]]
|Program used to practice space rendezvous and [[Extra-vehicular activity|EVA]]s
|-
|[[Apollo program]]
|1960
|[[Apollo 7|1968]]
|[[Apollo 17|1972]]
|[[List of Apollo missions#Crewed missions|11]]{{listref|a}}
|Landed first humans on the Moon
|-
|[[Skylab]]
|1964
|[[Skylab 2|1973]]
|[[Skylab 4|1974]]
|[[Skylab#Mission designations|3]]
|First American space station
|-
|[[Apollo–Soyuz Test Project]]
|1971
|1975
|1975
|1
|Joint with [[Soviet Union]]
|-
|[[Space Shuttle program]]
|1972
|[[STS-1|1981]]
|[[STS-135|2011]]
|[[List of space shuttle missions|135]]{{listref|b}}
|First missions in which a spacecraft was reused
|-
|[[Shuttle-Mir program]]
|1993
|[[STS-71|1995]]
|[[STS-91|1998]]
|[[Shuttle-Mir program#Complete list of Shuttle–Mir missions|11]]{{listref|c}}
|[[Russian Federal Space Agency|Russian]] partnership
|-
|[[International Space Station]]
|1993
|[[STS-88|1998]]
|Ongoing
|[[List of International Space Station expeditions|65]]
|Joint with [[Roscosmos State Corporation|Roscosmos]], [[Canadian Space Agency|CSA]], [[European Space Agency|ESA]], and [[Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency|JAXA]]; Americans flew on Russian [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz]] after 2011 retirement of Space Shuttle
|-
|[[Commercial Crew Program]]
|2011
|[[SpaceX Crew-1|2020]]
|Ongoing
|8
|Current program to shuttle Americans to the ISS
|-
|[[Artemis program]]
|2017
|[[Artemis II|2025]] (planned)
|Ongoing
|0
|Current program to bring humans to the Moon again
|}
'''Notes:'''
{{listref/reflist
|id1=a |ref1=[[Apollo 1]] was unlaunched due to a fire during testing that killed the astronauts, and is not counted here.
|id2=b |ref2=[[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|One Space Shuttle mission]] ended with the destruction of the vehicle and death of the entire crew before reaching orbit.
|id3=c |ref3=The [[Shuttle-Mir]] missions were all [[Space Shuttle]] missions, and are also counted under the [[Space Shuttle program]] missions in the table.
}}

===Early Obama administration review===
{{further|Constellation program}}
In May 2009, the [[Obama administration]] announced the launch of an independent review of planned U.S. human space flight activities with the goal of ensuring that the nation is on a vigorous and sustainable path to achieving its boldest aspirations in space. The review was conducted by a panel of experts led by [[Norman Augustine]], the former CEO of [[Lockheed Martin]], who served on the President's Council of Advisers on Science and Technology under both [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] and [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] presidents.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.space.com/35394-president-obama-spaceflight-exploration-legacy.html|title=President Obama's Space Legacy: Mars, Private Spaceflight and More|first=Mike|last=Wall|date=January 20, 2017|publisher=Space.com|access-date=December 9, 2022|archive-date=April 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406040542/https://www.space.com/35394-president-obama-spaceflight-exploration-legacy.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The "[[Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee|Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans]]" was to examine ongoing and planned National Aeronautics and Space Administration ([[NASA]]) development activities, as well as potential alternatives and present options for advancing a safe, innovative, affordable, and sustainable human space flight program in the years following Space Shuttle retirement. The panel worked closely with NASA and sought input from the [[United States Congress]], [[the White House]], the public, industry, and international partners as it developed its options. It presented its results on October 22, 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/358006main_OSTP%20Press%20Release.pdf |title=OSTP Press Release Announcing Review (pdf, 50k) |access-date=June 11, 2009 |archive-date=December 24, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101224172157/http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/358006main_OSTP%20Press%20Release.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = No to NASA: Augustine Commission Wants to More Boldly Go|url = http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2009/10/no-nasa-augusti.html|access-date = 2015-07-14|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130513130114/http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2009/10/no-nasa-augusti.html|archive-date = 2013-05-13}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web |url=https://spacenews.com/house-gives-final-approval-nasa-authorization-act/ |title=House Gives Final Approval to NASA Authorization Act |work=[[SpaceNews]] |date=September 30, 2010 |access-date=December 11, 2019 |archive-date=July 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703055446/https://spacenews.com/house-gives-final-approval-nasa-authorization-act/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In February 2010, Obama announced his proposal to cancel the [[Constellation program]] as part of his reform program. Constellation was officially canceled by the [[NASA Authorization Act of 2010|NASA Budget Authorization Act]] on October 11, 2010.

===Future===
{{further|Artemis program}}
NASA brought the [[Orion spacecraft]] back to life from the defunct [[Constellation program]] and successfully test-launched the first capsule on December 5, 2014, aboard [[EFT-1]].  After a near-perfect flight traveling {{convert|3600|mi}} above Earth, the spacecraft was recovered for study.  NASA plans to use the Orion crew vehicle to send humans to deep space locations such as the Moon and Mars starting in the 2020s.  Orion will be powered by NASA's new heavy-lift vehicle, the [[Space Launch System]] (SLS), which is currently under development.

[[Artemis I]] was the first flight of the SLS and was launched as a test of the completed Orion and SLS system.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Foust|2019|loc="Artemis 1, or EM-1, will be an uncrewed test flight of Orion and SLS and is scheduled to launch in June of 2020."}}</ref> During the mission, an uncrewed Orion capsule spent 10 days in a [[Distant Retrograde Orbit|distant retrograde]] {{Convert|60,000|km|mi|sp=us}} orbit around the Moon before returning to Earth.{{sfn|Heaton|Sood|2020|p=3}} [[Artemis II]], the first crewed mission of the program, will launch four astronauts in 2025<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artemis II - NASA |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission/artemis-ii/ |access-date=2024-05-03 |language=en-US}}</ref> on a [[free-return trajectory|free-return]] flyby of the Moon at a distance of {{Convert|8,900|km|mi|sp=us}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-first-flight-with-crew-important-step-on-long-term-return-to-the-moon-missions-to|title=First Flight With Crew Important Step on Long-Term Return to Moon|last=Hambleton|first=Kathryn|date=2018-08-27|website=NASA|access-date=2019-05-28|archive-date=August 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814131933/https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-first-flight-with-crew-important-step-on-long-term-return-to-the-moon-missions-to/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-first-flight-with-crew-important-step-on-long-term-return-to-the-moon-missions-to|title=NASA's First Flight With Crew Important Step on Long-term Return to the Moon, Missions to Mars|last=Hambleton|first=Kathryn|date=2019-05-23|website=NASA|access-date=2019-07-10|archive-date=August 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814131933/https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-first-flight-with-crew-important-step-on-long-term-return-to-the-moon-missions-to/|url-status=live}}</ref>{{sfn|Heaton|Sood|2020|p=7}}

After Artemis II, the Power and Propulsion Element of the [[Lunar Gateway]] and three components of an expendable lunar lander are planned to be delivered on multiple launches from commercial [[launch service provider]]s.<ref name="a3-1">{{cite web |last=Weitering |first=Hanneke |url=https://www.space.com/nasa-moon-missions-before-2024.html |title=NASA Has a Full Plate of Lunar Missions Before Astronauts Can Return to Moon |website=[[Space.com]] |date=May 23, 2019 |access-date=August 28, 2019 |quote=And before NASA sends astronauts to the moon in 2024, the agency will first have to launch five aspects of the lunar Gateway, all of which will be commercial vehicles that launch separately and join each other in lunar orbit. First, a power and propulsion element will launch in 2022. Then, the crew module will launch (without a crew) in 2023. In 2024, during the months leading up to the crewed landing, NASA will launch the last critical components: a transfer vehicle that will ferry landers from the Gateway to a lower lunar orbit, a descent module that will bring the astronauts to the lunar surface, and an ascent module that will bring them back up to the transfer vehicle, which will then return them to the Gateway. |archive-date=May 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525032714/https://www.space.com/nasa-moon-missions-before-2024.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Artemis III]] is planned to launch in 2026<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-13 |title=Artemis III: NASA’s First Human Mission to the Lunar South Pole - NASA |url=https://www.nasa.gov/missions/artemis/artemis-iii/ |access-date=2024-05-03 |language=en-US}}</ref> aboard an SLS Block 1 rocket and will use the minimalist Gateway and expendable lander to achieve the first crewed lunar landing of the program. The flight is planned to touch down on the [[lunar south pole]] region, with two astronauts staying there for about one week.<ref name="a3-1" />{{sfn|Grush|2019| loc="Now, for Artemis 3 that carries our crew to the Gateway, we need to have the crew have access to a lander. So, that means that at Gateway we're going to have the Power and Propulsion Element, which will be launched commercially, the Utilization Module, which will be launched commercially, and then we'll have a lander there.}}{{sfn|Grush|2019| loc="The direction that we have right now is that the next man and the first woman will be Americans and that we will land on the south pole of the Moon in 2024."}}<ref name="a3-2">{{Cite web|last=Chang|first=Kenneth|title=For Artemis Mission to Moon, NASA Seeks to Add Billions to Budget| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/13/science/trump-nasa-moon-mars.html| website=[[The New York Times]]| access-date=May 25, 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525034839/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/13/science/trump-nasa-moon-mars.html |archive-date=May 25, 2019 |date=May 25, 2019| quote=Under the NASA plan, a mission to land on the moon would take place during the third launch of the Space Launch System. Astronauts, including the first woman to walk on the moon, Mr. Bridenstine said, would first stop at the orbiting lunar outpost. They would then take a lander to the surface near its south pole, where frozen water exists within the craters.| url-status=live|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Foust|first=Jeff|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-outlines-plans-for-lunar-lander-development-through-commercial-partnerships/|title=NASA outlines plans for lunar lander development through commercial partnerships|work=[[SpaceNews]]|date=July 21, 2019|access-date=December 11, 2019|archive-date=October 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001033446/https://spacenews.com/nasa-outlines-plans-for-lunar-lander-development-through-commercial-partnerships/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Robotic missions==

===Suborbital===
* [[Anomalous Transport Rocket Experiment]] (ATREX) &ndash; five consecutive launches, 80 seconds apart on March 27, 2012, studied the high-altitude jet stream.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/missions/atrex.html |title=Anomalous Transport Rocket Experiment (ATREX) |publisher=NASA |access-date=2012-03-15 |archive-date=April 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403153845/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/missions/atrex.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/627738main_atrex-launch-sequence.pdf |title=ATREX Launch Sequence |publisher=NASA |access-date=2012-03-15 |archive-date=May 11, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511043258/http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/627738main_atrex-launch-sequence.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[NASA Sounding Rocket Program]]
* [[SHIELDS]] – launched April 19, 2021, collected data from the [[Heliopause (astronomy)|heliopause]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2021/shields-up-nasa-rocket-to-survey-our-solar-system-s-windshield | title=SHIELDS Up! NASA Rocket to Survey Our Solar System's Windshield | date=April 15, 2021 | access-date=July 27, 2022 | archive-date=April 15, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415192507/http://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2021/shields-up-nasa-rocket-to-survey-our-solar-system-s-windshield/ | url-status=live }}</ref>

===Earth and Heliocentric satellites===
{{main category|NASA satellites orbiting Earth}}
* [[Biosatellite program]]
:* ''[[Biosatellite 1]]'', launched December 1966, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Biosatellite 2]]'', launched September 1967, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Biosatellite 3]]'', launched June 1969, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Cosmic Background Explorer]] (COBE), launched November 1989, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite]] (UARS), launched September 1991, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment]] (GRACE), launched March 2002, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[GRACE-FO|Gravity Recover and Climate Experiment - Follow-On]] (GRACE-FO), launched May 2018, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[NPOESS Preparatory Project]] (NPP) &ndash; National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS), launched October 2011, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/NPP/launch/index.html |title=NPP Launch Information |publisher=NASA |access-date=2011-07-16 |archive-date=December 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223205836/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/NPP/launch/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Project Echo|Echo 1 and 2]], launched August 1960 and January 1964, respectively, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Great Observatories]]
:* [[Hubble Space Telescope]], launched April 1990, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[Compton Gamma Ray Observatory]], launched April 1991, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Chandra X-ray Observatory]], launched July 1999, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[Spitzer Space Telescope]], launched August 2003, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[HEAO Program|High Energy Astronomy Observatory program]]
:* [[High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1]] (HEAO 1), launched August 1977, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Einstein Observatory]] (HEAO 2) launched November 1978, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; first fully imaging [[X-ray telescope]]
:* [[High Energy Astronomy Observatory 3]] (HEAO 3), launched September 1979, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[IMAGE (spacecraft)|Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration]] (IMAGE), launched March 2000, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[IRAS|Infrared Astronomical Satellite]] (IRAS), launched January 1983, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Jason-1]], launched December 2001, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/jason1/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813213257/http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/jason1/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-08-13|title=Jason-1}}</ref>
* [[OSTM/Jason-2]], launched June 2008, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/ostmjason2/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813232640/http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/ostmjason2/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-08-13|title=OSTM/Jason-2}}</ref>
* [[Jason-3]], launched January 2016, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/jason3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813232116/http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/jason3/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-08-13|title=Jason 3}}/</ref>
* [[Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory]] (SWIFT), launched November 2004, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[Landsat program]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://landsat.usgs.gov/about_mission_history.php|title=Landsat Missions Timeline – Landsat Missions|access-date=December 12, 2011|archive-date=November 28, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128080815/http://landsat.usgs.gov/about_mission_history.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
:*[[Landsat 1]], launched July 1972, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:*[[Landsat 2]], launched January 1975, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:*[[Landsat 3]], launched March 1978, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:*[[Landsat 4]], launched July 1982, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:*[[Landsat 5]], launched March 1984, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:*[[Landsat 6]], launched October 1993, {{font color|red|failed}}
:*[[Landsat 7]], launched April 1999, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:*[[Landsat 8]], launched February 2013, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:*[[Landsat 9]], launched September 2021, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[Living With a Star]]
:*[[Van Allen Probes]], launched August 2012, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; Twin probes studying the [[Van Allen radiation belt]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/rbsp/ |title=RBSP Mission Overview |publisher=NASA |access-date=2012-08-31 |archive-date=August 30, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830211249/http://www.nasa.gov/rbsp/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://rbsp.jhuapl.edu/ |title=RBSP |publisher=NASA/[[Applied Physics Laboratory|APL]] |access-date=2012-08-31 |archive-date=July 5, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705194622/http://rbsp.jhuapl.edu/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Earth Observing System]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/missions/|title=Missions – Science Mission Directorate|access-date=July 12, 2017|archive-date=May 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170513223622/https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/missions|url-status=live}}</ref>
:* [[Terra (satellite)|Terra]], launched December 1999, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[Aqua (satellite)|Aqua]], launched May 2002, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[Aura (satellite)|Aura]], launched July 2004, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[New Millennium Program]] (NMP)
:* [[Earth Observing-1]] (EO-1), launched November 2000, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Space Technology 5]] (ST5), launched March 2006, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Space Technology 6]] (ST6)
* [[NanoSail-D]], launched August 2008, {{font color|Red|failed}}
* [[NanoSail-D2]], launched November 2010, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Orbiting Carbon Observatory]] (OCO), launched February 2009, {{font color|Red|failed}}
* [[Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2|Orbiting Carbon Observatory]] (OCO-2), launched July 2014, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[Origins program]]
:* [[Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer]] (FUSE), launched June 1999, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Kepler (spacecraft)|Kepler]], launched March 2009, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; searching for Earth-sized [[Extrasolar planet|exoplanets]] in the [[habitable zone]] 
:* [[James Webb Space Telescope]], launched December 2021, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/ |title=JWST Home Page |publisher=NASA |access-date=2011-04-25 |archive-date=March 10, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310154221/http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.spacenews.com/civil/100820-plan-astrophysics-jwst-account.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120910070402/http://www.spacenews.com/civil/100820-plan-astrophysics-jwst-account.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 10, 2012 |title=10-Year Plan for Astrophysics Takes JWST Cost into Account |publisher=SpaceNews.com |date=2010-08-20 |access-date=2011-04-25}}</ref>
* [[THEMIS|Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms]] (THEMIS), launched February 2007, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[Small Explorer program]] (SMEX)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://explorers.gsfc.nasa.gov/missions.html |title=Explorer Missions |publisher=NASA |access-date=2011-11-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323182500/http://explorers.gsfc.nasa.gov/missions.html |archive-date=2010-03-23 }}</ref>
:* [[Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere]] (AIM), launched April 2007, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer]] (FAST), launched August 1996, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Galaxy Evolution Explorer]] (GALEX), launched April 2003, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Interstellar Boundary Explorer]] (IBEX), launched October 2008, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array]] (NuSTAR), launched June 2012, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[X-ray]] telescope orbiting Earth<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/pegasus/nustar/120403june/ |title=Launch of NASA X-ray telescope targeted for June |publisher=Spaceflight Now |date=2012-04-03 |access-date=2012-05-15 |archive-date=May 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506200452/http://www.spaceflightnow.com/pegasus/nustar/120403june/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://science.nasa.gov/missions/nustar/ |title=NuSTAR |publisher=NASA |date=2012-06-05 |access-date=2012-06-14 |archive-date=August 18, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818231813/http://science.nasa.gov/missions/nustar/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
:* [[Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager]] (RHESSI), launched February 2002, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; Sun observing, Earth satellite
:* [[Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer]] (SAMPEX), launched July 1992, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite]] (SWAS), launched December 1998, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Transition Region and Coronal Explorer]] (TRACE), launched August 1998, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; Sun observing, Earth satellite
:* [[Wide Field Infrared Explorer]] (WIRE), launched March 1999, {{font color|Red|failed}}
* [[Solar Terrestrial Probes program]]
:* [[Hinode (satellite)|Hinode]] (Solar-B)
:* [[TIMED|Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics]] (TIMED)
* [[TWINS|Two Wide-angle Imaging Neutral-atom Spectrometers]] (TWINS)
* [[Uhuru (satellite)|Uhuru]]
* [[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe]] (WMAP)
*[[Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer]] (IXPE)
*[[BioSentinel]]
*[[Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope]], launching May 2027, {{font color|fuchsia|future}}
*[[INCUS]], launching 2027, {{font color|fuchsia|future}}<ref>{{cite web|title=INCUS|url=https://science.nasa.gov/mission/incus/|website=NASA|accessdate=30 September 2024}}</ref>

===Sun===
* [[Pioneer program]]
:* ''[[Pioneer 6, 7, 8, and 9]]'', launched between December 1965 and November 1968, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[Solar wind]], [[Stellar magnetic field|solar magnetic field]] and [[cosmic rays]]
*[[Helios (spacecraft)|Helios 1 and 2]], launched December 1974 and January 1976, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Ulysses (spacecraft)|''Ulysses'' spacecraft]], launched October 1990, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[European Space Agency|ESA]] partnership
* ''[[Genesis (spacecraft)|Genesis]]'', launched August 2001, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; returned sample of solar wind
* [[Solar and Heliospheric Observatory]] (SOHO), launched December 1995, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[European Space Agency|ESA]] partnership
* [[Advanced Composition Explorer]] (ACE), launched August 1997, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[Solar Maximum Mission]] (SolarMax), launched February 1980, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; suffered partial failure after launch; repaired in April 1984 during a [[STS-41-C|Space Shuttle mission]]
* [[Solar Terrestrial Probes program]]
:* [[TIMED]], launched December 2001, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[Hinode (satellite)|Hinode]], launched September 2006, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[STEREO]], launched October 2006, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission|MMS]], launched March 2015,<ref name="MMSLaunch">{{cite web |title=MMS Launch |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/launch/index.html |publisher=NASA |date=2013-11-06 |access-date=November 3, 2015 |archive-date=October 18, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018013715/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/launch/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe|IMAP]], launching 2025, {{font color|Fuchsia|future}}
* [[Parker Solar Probe]], launched August 2018, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; the first mission into the Sun's [[solar corona|corona]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/sunearthsystem/main/solarprobeplus.html |title=NASA Selects Science Investigations for Solar Probe Plus |publisher=NASA |access-date=2012-08-31 |archive-date=May 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120504235842/http://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/sunearthsystem/main/solarprobeplus.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://jhuapl.edu/newscenter/pressreleases/2012/120305.asp |title=Johns Hopkins APL Team Developing Solar Probe Plus for Closest-Ever Flights Past the Sun |publisher=JHU APL |access-date=2012-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312034737/http://jhuapl.edu/newscenter/pressreleases/2012/120305.asp |archive-date=2012-03-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Living With a Star]]
:* [[Solar Dynamics Observatory]] (SDO), launched February 2010, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[BARREL|Balloon Array for RBSP Relativistic Electron Losses]] (BARREL) &ndash;  two campaigns of 20 balloons each, studying the Van Allen radiation belts, 2012 to 2014<ref>{{cite web |title=Launching Balloons in Antarctica |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/news/barrel-antarctica.html |publisher=NASA |author=Karen C. Fox |date=2011-02-22 |access-date=2012-09-06 |archive-date=December 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121213153052/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/news/barrel-antarctica.html |url-status=live }}</ref> This mission is a complement to the Van Allen Probes (RBSP).<ref>{{cite news |title=Van Allen Probes: NASA Renames Radiation Belt Mission to Honor Pioneering Scientist |date=November 11, 2012 |publisher=Science Daily |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121111101748.htm |agency=Reuters |access-date=2012-11-12 |archive-date=November 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107112212/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121111101748.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[CubeSat for Solar Particles]] (CuSP), launched November 2022

===Moon===
{{See also| Exploration of the Moon}}
* [[Pioneer program]]
:* ''[[Pioneer 0]]'', launched August 1958, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Pioneer 1]]'', launched October 1958, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Pioneer 2]]'', launched November 1958, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Pioneer 3]]'', launched December 1958, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Pioneer 4]]'', launched March 1959, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Pioneer P-1]]'', launched September 1959, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Pioneer P-3]]'', launched November 1959, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Pioneer P-30]]'', launched September 1960, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Pioneer P-31]]'', launched December 1960, {{font color|Red|failed}}
* [[Ranger program]]
:* ''[[Ranger 1]]'', launched August 1961, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Ranger 2]]'', launched November 1961, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Ranger 3]]'', launched January 1962, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Ranger 4]]'', launched April 1962, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Ranger 5]]'', launched October 1962, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Ranger 6]]'', launched January 1964, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Ranger 7]]'', launched July 1964, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Ranger 8]]'', launched February 1965, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Ranger 9]]'', launched March 1965, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Surveyor program]]
:* ''[[Surveyor 1]]'', launched May 1966, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Surveyor 2]]'', launched September 1966, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Surveyor 3]]'', launched April 1967, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Surveyor 4]]'', launched July 1967, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Surveyor 5]]'', launched September 1967, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Surveyor 6]]'', launched November 1967, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Surveyor 7]]'', launched January 1968, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Lunar Orbiter program]]
:* ''[[Lunar Orbiter 1]]'', launched August 1966, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Lunar Orbiter 2]]'', launched November 1966, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Lunar Orbiter 3]]'', launched February 1967, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Lunar Orbiter 4]]'', launched May 1967, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Lunar Orbiter 5]]'', launched August 1967, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* ''[[Clementine (spacecraft)|Clementine]]'', launched January 1994, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Discovery Program]]
:* ''Discovery 3'' &ndash; ''[[Lunar Prospector]]'', launched January 1998, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''Discovery 11'' &ndash; [[GRAIL]], launched September 2011, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://moonkam.ucsd.edu/about/grail_fact_sheet |title=GRAIL Mission: Fact Sheet |publisher=MoonKAM.UCSD.edu |access-date=2011-04-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815220241/https://moonkam.ucsd.edu/about/grail_fact_sheet |archive-date=2011-08-15 }}</ref>
* [[Moon Mineralogy Mapper]] (M<sup>3</sup>) &ndash; instrument for [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO's]] ''[[Chandraayan-1]]'', launched October 2008, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Lunar Precursor Robotic Program]] (LPRP)
:* [[LCROSS]], launched June 2009, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]]'' (LRO), launched June 2009, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
:* [[LADEE]], launched September 2013, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* ''[[Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter]]'''s ShadowCam instrument, launched August 2022, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[CAPSTONE]], launched November 2022, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* ''[[LunaH-Map]]'', launched November 2022, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* ''[[Lunar IceCube]]'', launched November 2022, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* ''[[Lunar Flashlight]]'', launched December 2022, {{font color|Red|failed}}
* [[Commercial Lunar Payload Services]]
:* ''[[Peregrine Mission One]]'', launched January 2024, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[IM-1]]'', launched February 2024, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; first commercial lunar landing. First American Moon landing since [[Apollo 17]] in December 1972.
:* ''[[Blue Ghost Mission 1]]'', launched January 2025, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[IM-2]]'', launched February 2025, {{font color|Red|failed}}

===Mercury===
* [[Mariner program]]
:* ''[[Mariner 10]]'', launched November 1973, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; flyby of [[Venus]]; multiple flybys of [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]; first spacecraft to [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]
* [[Discovery program]]
:* ''Discovery 7'' &ndash; ''[[MESSENGER]]'', launched August 2004, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; first to orbit [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]

===Venus===
* [[Mariner program]]
:* ''[[Mariner 1]]'', launched July 1962, {{font color|Red|failed}} &ndash; intended to be first American flyby of [[Venus]]
:* ''[[Mariner 2]]'', launched August 1962, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; first flyby of [[Venus]] by an operational spacecraft
:* ''[[Mariner 5]]'', launched June 1967, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; flyby of [[Venus]]
:* ''[[Mariner 10]]'', launched November 1973, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; flyby of [[Venus]]; multiple flybys of [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]; first spacecraft to [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]
* [[Pioneer program]]
:* ''[[Pioneer 5]]'', launched March 1960, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[Interplanetary medium|interplanetary space]] between Earth and [[Venus]]
:* [[Pioneer Venus project]]
::* ''[[Pioneer Venus Orbiter]]'', launched May 1978, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[Venus]] orbiter
::* ''[[Pioneer Venus Multiprobe]]'', launched August 1978, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[Venus]] atmospheric probes
* ''[[Magellan (spacecraft)|Magellan]]'', launched May 1989, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; radar mapping of [[Venus]]
* [[Discovery Program]]
:* ''Discovery 15'' &ndash; ''[[VERITAS (spacecraft)|VERITAS]]'', launching 2028, {{font color|Fuchsia|future}}
:* ''Discovery 16'' &ndash; ''[[DAVINCI]]'', launching 2029, {{font color|Fuchsia|future}}

===Mars===
{{See also| Exploration of Mars}}
* [[Mariner program]]
:* ''[[Mariner 4]]'', launched November 1964, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Mariner 6 and 7]]'', launched February 1969, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Mariner 8]]'', launched May 1971, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Mariner 9]]'', launched May 1971, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Viking program]]
:* ''[[Viking 1]]'', launched August 1975, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''[[Viking 2]]'', launched September 1975, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* ''[[Mars Observer]]'', launched September 1992, {{font color|Red|failed}}
* ''[[Mars Global Surveyor]]'', launched November 1996, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Discovery Program]]
:* ''Discovery 2'' &ndash; ''[[Mars Pathfinder]]'' / [[Sojourner rover|''Sojourner'' rover]], launched July 1997, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''Discovery 12'' &ndash; ''[[InSight]]'', launched May 2018, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* ''[[Mars Polar Lander]]'', launched January 1999, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''[[Deep Space 2]]'', launched January 1999, {{font color|Red|failed}} &ndash; (sub-surface probes)
* ''[[2001 Mars Odyssey]]'', launched April 2001, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}
* [[Mars Exploration Rover]]s
:* [[Spirit rover|''Spirit'' rover]], launched June 2003, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* [[Opportunity rover|''Opportunity'' rover]], launched June 2003, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* ''[[Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter]]'', launched August 2005, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Mars]] orbiter
* [[Mars Scout program]]
:* ''[[Phoenix (spacecraft)|Phoenix]]'', launched August 2007, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[Mars]] lander
:* [[MAVEN]], launched November 2013, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; orbiter studying the [[atmosphere of Mars]]
* ''[[Mars Science Laboratory]]'' (MSL) / [[Curiosity rover|''Curiosity'' rover]], launched November 2011, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Mars rover]] exploring [[Gale (crater)|Gale Crater]]
* ''[[InSight]]'', launched May 2018, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Mars 2020]] 
:* [[Perseverance rover|''Perseverance'' rover]], launched July 2020, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Mars rover]] exploring [[Jezero (crater)|Jezero Crater]]
:* [[Ingenuity (helicopter)|''Ingenuity'' helicopter]], launched July 2020, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; first powered flight on [[Mars]]
* [[EscaPADE]], launching  2025, {{font color|fuchsia|future}}
* [[NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return]], launching 2027 and 2028, {{font color|fuchsia|future}}

===Jupiter===
* [[Pioneer program]]
:* ''[[Pioneer 10]]'', launched March 1972, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; first to the [[asteroid belt]] and [[Jupiter]]
:* ''[[Pioneer 11]]'', launched April 1973, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[asteroid belt]] and [[Jupiter]], first to [[Saturn]]
* [[Voyager program]]
:* ''[[Voyager 1]]'', launched September 1977, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Flyby (spaceflight)|flybys]] of [[Jupiter]] and [[Saturn]]; extended mission to explore [[interstellar medium]]; most distant human-made object
:* ''[[Voyager 2]]'', launched August 1977, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Flyby (spaceflight)|flybys]] of [[Jupiter]], [[Saturn]], [[Uranus]], and [[Neptune]]; extended mission to explore [[interstellar medium]]; first spacecraft to [[Uranus]] and [[Neptune]]
* ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]'', launched October 1989, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[Jupiter]] and its [[Moons of Jupiter|moons]]
* [[New Frontiers program]]
:* ''New Frontiers 2'' &ndash; [[Juno (spacecraft)|''Juno'']], launched August 2011, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Jupiter]] orbiter mission<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/316306main_JunoFactSheet_2009sm.pdf | title=Juno Mission to Jupiter | access-date=April 5, 2011 | date=April 2009 | publisher=NASA | pages=2 | archive-date=December 25, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225085053/https://www.nasa.gov/pdf/316306main_JunoFactSheet_2009sm.pdf%20 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''[[Europa Clipper]]'', launched October 2024, {{font color|Blue|enroute}}

===Saturn===
* [[Pioneer program]]
:* ''[[Pioneer 11]]'', launched April 1973, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[asteroid belt]] and [[Jupiter]], first to [[Saturn]]
* [[Voyager program]]
:* ''[[Voyager 1]]'', launched September 1977, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Flyby (spaceflight)|flybys]] of [[Jupiter]] and [[Saturn]]; extended mission to explore [[interstellar medium]]; most distant human-made object
:* ''[[Voyager 2]]'', launched August 1977, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Flyby (spaceflight)|flybys]] of [[Jupiter]], [[Saturn]], [[Uranus]], and [[Neptune]]; extended mission to explore [[interstellar medium]]; first spacecraft to [[Uranus]] and [[Neptune]]
* ''[[Cassini–Huygens]]'', launched October 1997, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[Saturn]] and its [[Moons of Saturn|moons]]
* [[New Frontiers program]]
:* ''New Frontiers 4'' &ndash; ''[[Dragonfly (Titan space probe)|Dragonfly]]'', launching 2028, {{font color|Fuchsia|future}}
* ''[[Enceladus Orbilander]]'', launching 2038, {{font color|fuchsia|future}}

===Uranus===
* [[Voyager program]]
:* ''[[Voyager 2]]'', launched August 1977, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Flyby (spaceflight)|flybys]] of [[Jupiter]], [[Saturn]], [[Uranus]], and [[Neptune]]; extended mission to explore [[interstellar medium]]; first spacecraft to [[Uranus]] and [[Neptune]]
* [[Uranus Orbiter and Probe]], launching 2032, {{font color|fuchsia|future}}

===Neptune===
* [[Voyager program]]
:* ''[[Voyager 2]]'', launched August 1977, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Flyby (spaceflight)|flybys]] of [[Jupiter]], [[Saturn]], [[Uranus]], and [[Neptune]]; extended mission to explore [[interstellar medium]]; first spacecraft to [[Uranus]] and [[Neptune]]

===Asteroids/comets===
* [[New Millennium Program]] (NMP)
:* [[NEAR Shoemaker]], launched February 1996, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; close study of [[433 Eros]]
:* [[Deep Space 1]] (DS1), launched October 1998, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; first spacecraft propelled by an [[ion thruster]]
* [[Discovery Program]]
:* ''Discovery 4'' &ndash; ''[[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust]]'', launched February 1999, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; follow-up for Deep Impact's primary mission to [[9P/Tempel]]
:* ''Discovery 6'' &ndash; [[CONTOUR]], launched July 2002, {{font color|Red|failed}}
:* ''Discovery 8'' &ndash; ''[[Deep Impact (spacecraft)|Deep Impact]]'' (''primary''); [[EPOXI]] (''extended''), launched January 2005, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
:* ''Discovery 9'' &ndash; ''[[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]]'', launched September 2007, {{fontcolor|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[4 Vesta|Vesta]] in 2011-2012, and [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]] in 2015-2018
:* ''Discovery 13'' &ndash; ''[[Lucy (spacecraft)|Lucy]]'', launched October 2021, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash;  Will fly by one main-belt asteroid and seven Jupiter Trojan asteroids.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-ula-launch-lucy-mission-to-fossils-of-planet-formation|title=NASA, ULA Launch Lucy Mission to 'Fossils' of Planet Formation|publisher=NASA|date=October 16, 2021|access-date=October 18, 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
:* ''Discovery 14'' &ndash; ''[[Psyche (spacecraft)|Psyche]]'', launched October 2023, {{font color|Blue|enroute}}
* [[New Frontiers program]]
:* ''New Frontiers 3'' &ndash; [[OSIRIS-REx]] &ndash; launched September 2016, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2011/may/HQ_11-163_New_Frontier.html |title=NASA To Launch New Science Mission To Asteroid In 2016 |publisher=NASA |access-date=2011-08-25 |archive-date=April 29, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429034636/http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2011/may/HQ_11-163_New_Frontier.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-osiris-rex-speeds-toward-asteroid-rendezvous |title=NASA's OSIRIS-REx Speeds Toward Asteroid Rendezvous |publisher=NASA |access-date=2016-11-21 |date=2016-09-08 |archive-date=September 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909150637/http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-osiris-rex-speeds-toward-asteroid-rendezvous/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Double Asteroid Redirection Test]] (DART), launched November 2021, {{font color|DarkGreen|completed}}
* [[Near-Earth Asteroid Scout]], launched November 2022, {{font color|Red|failed}}

===Dwarf planets===
* [[New Frontiers program]]
:* ''New Frontiers 1'' &ndash; ''[[New Horizons]]'', launched January 2006, {{font color|LimeGreen|operational}} &ndash; [[Flyby (spaceflight)|flyby]] of [[Pluto]] and its [[Moons of Pluto|moons]] in 2015; first to [[Pluto]]
* [[Discovery Program]]
:* ''Discovery 9'' &ndash; ''[[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]]'', launched September 2007, {{fontcolor|DarkGreen|completed}} &ndash; [[4 Vesta|Vesta]] in 2011-2012, and [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]] in 2015-2018

==Canceled or undeveloped missions==
{{main|List of NASA cancellations}}
*[[Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby]] (CRAF)
*[[Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter]] (JIMO)
*[[Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher]] (MAX-C) 
*[[Mars Telecommunications Orbiter]] (MTO)
*[[Asteroid Redirect Mission]] (2013–2017)
* [[Origins Program]]
:* [[Space Interferometry Mission]] (SIM)
:* [[Terrestrial Planet Finder]] (TPF)
*[[Pluto Kuiper Express]] (PLUTOKE) &ndash; ''replaced by [[New Horizons]]''

===Old proposals===
* Mars Scout program
:* [[Aerial Regional-scale Environmental Survey]] (ARES) (2000-2010 concept)
:* [[TAU (spacecraft)]]- probe to 1000 AU (1980s concept)

==See also==
* NASA:
** [[Large strategic science missions]], the NASA flagship missions
** [[Discovery Program]], medium-cost NASA missions
** [[New Frontiers program]], medium-large NASA missions to outer planets
** ''[[When We Left Earth: The NASA Missions]]'' &ndash; 2008 documentary covering NASA's mission history.
* [[Space exploration]]
* [[Timeline of Solar System exploration]]
* [[List of European Space Agency programmes and missions]]
* [[List of ISRO missions]]

==References==
{{Reflist|35em}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite web|title=NASA administrator on new Moon plan: ‘We’re doing this in a way that’s never been done before’|first1=Loren|last1=Grush|date=May 17, 2019|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/17/18627839/nasa-administrator-jim-bridenstine-artemis-moon-program-budget-amendment|publisher=The Verge|access-date=January 13, 2023}}
* {{cite web|title=Space Launch System Departure Trajectory Analysis for Cislunar and Deep-Space Exploration|first1=Andrew |last1=Heaton|first2=Dr. Rohan |last2=Sood|date=August 10, 2020 |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20205005206/downloads/20205005206%20OCR%20reupload.pdf|page=7
|publisher=NASA|access-date=January 28, 2023}}

==External links==
* [https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-missions/ NASA - Missions]

{{Space exploration lists and timelines}}
{{NASA navbox}}
{{NASA planetary exploration programs}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:NASA missions}}
[[Category:Lists of space missions]]
[[Category:NASA lists|Missions]]
[[Category:NASA programs| ]]