View source for List of Allied World War II conferences

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This is a '''list of World War II conferences''' of the [[Allies of World War II]]. Names in boldface indicate the three conferences at which the leaders of the [[United States]], the [[United Kingdom]], and the [[Soviet Union]] were all present. For the historical context see [[Diplomatic history of World War II]]. See also the [[Anglo-French Supreme War Council]], which operated from September 1939 until June 1940.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Name<br />([[Code name|CODE NAME]])
!City
!Country
!Dates
!Major participants:
!Major results
|-
|[[U.S.–British Staff Conference (ABC–1)|U.S.-British Staff Conference]]<br />(ABC-1)|| [[Washington, D.C.]]
|{{flag|United States}}
|January 29 &ndash; March&nbsp;27, 1941
|American, British, and Canadian military staff
|Set the basic planning agreement for the U.S. to enter the war.
|-
| [[Declaration of St James's Palace|First Inter-Allied Conference]]|| [[London]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| June 12, 1941
| Representatives of Britain, 4 [[Dominion]]s, [[Free France]] and 8 [[List of governments in exile during World War II#Allied-aligned wartime governments|Allied governments in exile]]
| [[Declaration of St James's Palace]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/imtjames.asp |title=St. James Agreement; June 12, 1941 |date=2008 |website=[[Avalon Project]] |publisher=[[Yale Law School]] |access-date=5 April 2020 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Atlantic Charter|Atlantic Conference]]<br />(RIVIERA)|| [[Argentia, Newfoundland and Labrador|Argentia]]
| {{flag|Newfoundland}}
|August 9&ndash;12, 1941
| [[Winston Churchill|Churchill]] and [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]]
|[[Atlantic Charter]]; proposal for a [[Moscow Conference (1941)|Soviet aid conference]].
|- id="Second Inter-Allied"
| Second Inter-Allied Conference|| [[London]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| September 24, 1941
| [[Anthony Eden|Eden]], [[Ivan Maisky|Maisky]], [[René Cassin|Cassin]], and 8 [[List of governments in exile during World War II#Allied-aligned wartime governments|Allied governments in exile]]
| [[Atlantic Charter#Acceptance by Inter-Allied Council and United Nations|Adherence of all the Allies to the Atlantic Charter principles]].<ref>"The Inter-Allied Council Meeting in London." Bulletin of International News 18, no. 20 (1941): 1275-280. Accessed April 5, 2020. www.jstor.org/stable/25643120.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://avalon.law.yale.edu/wwii/interall.asp |title=Inter-Allied Council Statement on the Principles of the Atlantic Charter : September 24, 1941 |date=2008 |website=[[Avalon Project]] |publisher=[[Yale Law School]] |access-date=5 April 2020 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Moscow Conference (1941)|First Moscow Conference]]<br />(CAVIAR) || [[Moscow]]
|{{flag|Soviet Union}}
|September 29 &ndash; October 1, 1941
|[[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]], [[W. Averell Harriman|Harriman]], [[Max Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook|Beaverbrook]], [[Vyacheslav Molotov|Molotov]]
|Allied aid to the Soviet Union.
|-
|[[Arcadia Conference|First Washington Conference]]<br />(ARCADIA)|| [[Washington, D.C.]]
|{{flag|United States}}
| December 22, 1941 &ndash; {{nowrap|January 14, 1942}}
|Churchill, Roosevelt
|[[Europe first]], [[Declaration by United Nations]].
|-
|[[Punishment for War Crimes|Third Inter-Allied Conference]]|| [[London]]
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|January 13, 1942
| Free France and 8 [[List of governments in exile during World War II#Allied-aligned wartime governments|Allied governments in exile]]: Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland ([[Władysław Sikorski|Sikorski]]), Yugoslavia
| Declaration [[Punishment for War Crimes]], regarding Nazi atrocities against civilians.<ref> {{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/04/04/nuremberg-has-shown-tyrants-like-vladimir-putin-can-brought/|title = Nuremberg has shown that tyrants like Vladimir Putin can be brought to justice|newspaper = The Telegraph|date = 4 April 2022|last1 = Capurro|first1 = Daniel}}</ref>
|-
|[[Second Washington Conference]]<br />(ARGONAUT){{cn|date=January 2024}}||[[Washington, D.C.]]
|{{flag|United States}}
|June 20 &ndash; 25, 1942
|Churchill, Roosevelt
|Make first priority [[North African campaign|opening a second front in North Africa]], postpone cross-[[English Channel]] invasion.
|- id="Second Claridge"
|Second Claridge Conference|| [[London]]
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|July 20 &ndash; 26, 1942
|Churchill, [[Harry Hopkins]]
|Substitute [[Operation Torch]], the invasion of [[French North Africa]], for US reinforcement of the [[Western Desert campaign]].
|-
|[[Moscow Conference (1942)|Second Moscow Conference]]<br />(BRACELET)|| [[Moscow]]
|{{flag|Soviet Union}}
|August 12 &ndash; 17, 1942
|Churchill, Stalin, Harriman
|Discuss reasons for Torch instead of cross-Channel invasion, Anglo-Soviet pact on information and technological exchanges.
|- id="Cherchell"
|Cherchell Conference|| [[Cherchell]]
|{{flag|French Algeria}}
|October 21 &ndash; 22, 1942
|[[Mark W. Clark|Clark]], [[Vichy France|Vichy French]] officers including [[Charles Mast|Mast]]
| Clandestine conference before Torch, some Vichy French commanders agreed not to resist the Allied landings in Morocco and Algeria.<ref>David H. Lippman, ''{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090605211832/http://usswashington.com/worldwar2plus55/dl08no42.htm WORLD WAR II PLUS 55, World War II Notes, November 8, 1942 (Operation Torch)]}}''</ref>
|-
|[[Casablanca Conference]]<br />(SYMBOL)|| [[Casablanca]]
|{{flagicon image|Merchant flag of French Morocco.svg|link=French Protectorate in Morocco}} [[French Morocco]]
|January 14 &ndash; 24, 1943
|Churchill, Roosevelt, [[Charles de Gaulle|de Gaulle]], [[Henri Giraud|Giraud]]
|Plan [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italian Campaign]], plan cross-Channel invasion in 1944, demand "[[unconditional surrender]]" by Axis, encourage unity of French authorities in London and Algiers.
|-
|[[Potenji River Conference]]|| [[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]]
|{{flag|Brazil}}
|January 28 &ndash; 29, 1943
|Roosevelt, [[Getúlio Vargas|Vargas]]
|Creation of the [[Brazilian Expeditionary Force]].
|-
|[[Adana Conference]]|| [[Yenice, Tarsus|Yenice]]
|{{flag|Turkey}}
|January 30 &ndash; 31, 1943
|Churchill, [[İsmet İnönü|İnönü]]
|Turkey's participation in the war.
|-
|[[Bermuda Conference]]||[[Hamilton, Bermuda|Hamilton]]
|{{Flag|Bermuda}}
|April 19 &ndash; 30, 1943
|American and British delegations separately led by [[Harold W. Dodds]] and [[Richard Law, 1st Baron Coleraine|Richard Law]]
| [[Jewish]] [[refugees]] freed by Allied forces and those still in [[Nazi-occupied Europe]] discussed. US immigration quotas not raised, UK prohibition on Jews seeking refuge in [[Mandatory Palestine]] not lifted.
|-
|[[Washington Conference (1943)|Third Washington Conference]]<br />(TRIDENT)|| [[Washington, D.C.]]
|{{flag|United States}}
|May 12 &ndash; 25, 1943
|Churchill, Roosevelt, [[George Marshall|Marshall]]
|Plan [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italian Campaign]], increase air attacks on Germany, increase war in Pacific.
|- id="Algiers-1943"
|Algiers Allied Planning Conference<br />|| [[Algiers]]
|{{flag|Algeria}}
|May 29 &ndash; June 4, 1943
|Churchill, Eden, Brooke, Tedder, Cunningham, Alexander, & Montgomery met with Marshall & Eisenhower
|Finalize plan for [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italian Campaign]], increase air attacks on Germany, fix date for [[Operation Husky]].
|-
|[[First Quebec Conference]]<br />(QUADRANT)|| [[Quebec City]]
|{{flag|Canada|1921}}
|August 17 &ndash; 24, 1943
|Churchill, Roosevelt, [[William Lyon Mackenzie King|King]]
|[[Operation Overlord|D-Day]] set for 1944, reorganization of [[South East Asia Command]], secret [[Quebec Agreement]] to limit sharing nuclear energy info.
|-
|[[Moscow Conference (1943)|Third Moscow Conference]]|| [[Moscow]]
|{{flag| Soviet Union}}
|October 18 &ndash; November 11, 1943
|Foreign ministers [[Cordell Hull|Hull]], [[Anthony Eden|Eden]], Molotov, [[Fu Bingchang|Fu]]; and Stalin
|[[Moscow Declaration]].
|-
|[[Cairo Conference]]<br />(SEXTANT)|| [[Cairo]]
|{{flag|Kingdom of Egypt}}
|November 23 &ndash; 26, 1943
|Churchill, Roosevelt, [[Chiang Kai-shek|Chiang]]
|[[1943 Cairo Declaration|Cairo Declaration]] for postwar Asia.
|-
|'''[[Tehran Conference]]'''<br />(EUREKA)|| [[Tehran]]
|{{flag|Persia|1933}}
|November 28 &ndash; December 1, 1943
|Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
|First meeting of the Big 3, plan the final strategy for the war against Nazi Germany and its allies, set date for [[Operation Overlord]].
|-
|[[Second Cairo Conference]]<br />|| [[Cairo]]
|{{flag|Kingdom of Egypt}}
|December 4 &ndash; 6, 1943
|Churchill, Roosevelt, [[İsmet İnönü|İnönü]]
|Agreement to complete Allied air bases in Turkey, postpone [[Operation Anakim]] against Japan in Burma.
|-
|[[1944 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference|British Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference]]|| [[London]]
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|May 1–16, 1944
|Churchill, [[John Curtin|Curtin]], [[Peter Fraser (New Zealand politician)|Fraser]], King, and [[Jan Smuts|Smuts]]
| [[Commonwealth of Nations|British Commonwealth]] leaders support Moscow Declaration and reach agreement regarding their respective roles in the overall Allied war effort.
|-
|[[Bretton Woods Conference]]|| [[Bretton Woods, New Hampshire|Bretton Woods]]
|{{flag|United States}}
|July 1 &ndash; 15, 1944
|Representatives of 44 nations
|Establishes [[International Monetary Fund]] and [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]].
|-
|[[Dumbarton Oaks Conference]]|| [[Washington, D.C.]]
|{{flag|United States}}
|August 21 &ndash; 29, 1944
|[[Alexander Cadogan|Cadogan]], [[Andrei Gromyko|Gromyko]], [[Edward Reilly Stettinius, Jr.|Stettinius]], and [[Wellington Koo|Koo]]
|Agreement to establish the [[United Nations]].
|-
|[[Second Quebec Conference]]<br />(OCTAGON)|| [[Quebec City]]
|{{flag|Canada|1921}}
|September 12 &ndash; 16, 1944
|Churchill, Roosevelt
|[[Morgenthau Plan]] for postwar Germany, other war plans, [[Quebec Agreement|Hyde Park Agreement]].
|-
|[[Moscow Conference (1944)|Fourth Moscow Conference]]<br />(TOLSTOY)|| [[Moscow]]
|{{flag|Soviet Union}}
|October 9 – 18, 1944
|Churchill, Stalin, Molotov, Eden
|Establishing post-war spheres of influence in Eastern Europe and Balkan peninsula.
|-
|[[Malta Conference (1945)|Malta Conference]]<br />(ARGONAUT and CRICKET) ||[[Floriana]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Malta (1943–1964).svg|link=Crown Colony of Malta}} [[Crown Colony of Malta]] 
|January 30 &ndash; February 2, 1945
|Churchill, Roosevelt
|Preparation for Yalta.
|-
|'''[[Yalta Conference]]'''<br />(ARGONAUT and MAGNETO)|| [[Yalta]]
|{{flag|Soviet Union}}
|February 4 &ndash; 11, 1945
|Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
|Final plans for defeat of Germany, postwar Europe plans, set date for United Nations Conference, conditions for the Soviet Union's entry in war against Japan.
|-
|[[United Nations Conference on International Organization]]|| [[San Francisco]]
|{{flag|United States}}
|April 25 &ndash; June 26, 1945
|Representatives of 50 nations
|[[United Nations Charter]].
|-
|'''[[Potsdam Conference]]'''<br />(TERMINAL)|| [[Potsdam]]
|{{flag|Allied-occupied Germany}}
|July 17 &ndash; August 2, 1945
|Stalin, [[Harry Truman|Truman]], [[Clement Attlee|Attlee]], Churchill (in part, until election defeat of the Conservative Party)
|[[Potsdam Declaration]] demanding unconditional surrender of Japan, [[Potsdam Agreement]] on policy for Germany.
|-
|}

In total Attlee attended 0.5 meetings, Churchill 16.5, de Gaulle 1, Roosevelt 12, Stalin 7, and Truman 1.

For some of the major wartime conference meetings involving Roosevelt and later Truman, the [[code name]]s were words which included a numeric prefix corresponding to the ordinal number of the conference in the series of such conferences. The third conference was '''TRI'''DENT, the fourth conference was '''QUAD'''RANT, the sixth conference was '''SEXT'''ANT, and the eighth conference was '''OCTA'''GON. The last wartime conference was code-named '''TERMINAL'''.

<gallery>
Image:Prince of Wales-5.jpg|Atlantic Conference, Argentia, Dominion of Newfoundland, 1941
Image:Franklin D. Roosevelt, Churchill, Giraud, and DeGaulle in Casablanca - NARA - 196990.jpg|Casablanca Conference, Casablanca, Morocco, 1943
Image:U.S. President Roosevelt and Brazilian President Getúlio Vargas aboard USS Humboldt (AVP-21), 1943 (25132077365).jpg|Potenji River Conference, Natal, Brazil, 1943
Image:Quebec conference 1943.png|First Quebec Conference, Quebec City, Canada, 1943
Image:Cairo conference.jpg|Cairo Conference, Cairo, Egypt, 1943
Image:Teheran conference-1943.jpg|Tehran Conference, Tehran, Iran, 1943
Image:Roosevelt Inonu Churchill.jpg|Second Cairo Conference, Cairo, Egypt, 1943
Image:Yalta Conference (Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin) (B&W).jpg|Yalta Conference, Yalta, USSR, 1945
Image:President Harry S. Truman and Joseph Stalin at Potsdam.jpg|Potsdam Conference, Potsdam, Germany, 1945
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Allies of World War II]]
* [[Diplomatic history of World War II]]
* [[Grand Alliance (World War II)]]
* [[Four Policemen]]
* [[Greater East Asia Conference]]
* [[List of Axis World War II conferences]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* [http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/ww2con95.html What major conferences were held during World War II?], website of the [[Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library]]
* [[United States Army Center of Military History]]
** [http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/Sp1941-42/index.htmStrategic Planning for Coalition Warfare, 1941 -1942]{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
** [http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/Sp1941-42/index.htm Strategic Planning for Coalition Warfare, 1943 -1944] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528225133/http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/SP1941-42/index.htm |date=2015-05-28 }}
** [http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/WCP/index.htm Washington Command Post: The Operations Division] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417020906/https://history.army.mil/books/wwii/WCP/index.htm |date=2021-04-17 }}
** [http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/sp1943-44/appC.htm Appendix C: Principals at the international conferences January 1943—September 1944] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621182444/http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/sp1943-44/appC.htm |date=2015-06-21 }}

{{Diplomatic history of World War II|state=expanded}}
{{Winston Churchill}}
{{Joseph Stalin}}
{{Franklin D. Roosevelt}}
{{Harry S. Truman}}
{{World War II}}
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[[Category:World War II conferences| ]]
[[Category:Chronology of World War II|Conferences]]
[[Category:Diplomacy-related lists|World War II conferences]]
[[Category:World War II-related lists|Conferences]]
[[Category:British Empire in World War II|C]]
[[Category:Allies of World War II]]