View source for Leo T. McCarthy

{{short description|43rd Lieutenant Governor of California}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name= Leo T. McCarthy
|image= Leo T. McCarthy, 1975.jpg
|caption= McCarthy {{circa|1975}}
|order= 43rd [[Lieutenant Governor of California]]
|term_start= January 3, 1983
|term_end= January 2, 1995
|governor= [[George Deukmejian]] <br> [[Pete Wilson]] 
|predecessor= [[Mike Curb]]
|successor= [[Gray Davis]]
|order2=57th
|office2=Speaker of the California State Assembly
|term_start2=June 5, 1974
|term_end2=November 30, 1980
|predecessor2=[[Bob Moretti]]
|successor2=[[Willie Brown (politician)|Willie Brown]]
|office3=Member of the [[California State Assembly]]
|constituency3= [[California's 19th State Assembly district|19th district]] (1969–1974) <br> [[California's 18th State Assembly district|18th district]] (1974–1982)
|term3 = January 6, 1969 – November 30, 1982
|predecessor3= [[Charlie Meyers]]
|successor3= Alister McAlister
|order5=
|office5=Member of the [[San Francisco Board of Supervisors]]
|term_start5=1964
|term_end5=1968
|predcessor5=
|successor5=
|birth_name= Leo Tarcissus McCarthy
|birth_date= {{birth date|1930|08|15}}
|birth_place= [[Auckland]], New Zealand
|death_date= {{death date and age|2007|02|05|1930|08|15}}
|death_place= [[San Francisco]], California, U.S.
|resting_place=[[Holy Cross Cemetery, Colma]], California
|party= [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
|profession= Politician, lawyer
|spouse= Jacqueline Lee Burke
|children= 4
|education = [[University of San Francisco]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[San Francisco Law School]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
|allegiance= United States
|branch=[[United States Air Force]]
|serviceyears=1951–1952
|battles=
|footnotes= 
}}

'''Leo Tarcissus McCarthy''' (August 15, 1930 – February 5, 2007) was an [[Politics of the United States|American politician]] and businessman. He served as the 43rd [[lieutenant governor of California]] from 1983 to 1995.

==Early life and education==
McCarthy, whose parents were both natives of [[Tralee, Ireland]], was himself born in [[Auckland]], New Zealand, on August 15, 1930 but emigrated to the United States with his parents Daniel and Nora McCarthy, and siblings when he was three years old. The McCarthy family sailed from the Port of [[Wellington, New Zealand]] on the Union Steam Ship ''Makura'', which arrived at the Port of [[San Francisco]], California, on February 9, 1934. He went to elementary school at [[Mission Dolores]]. He then went to high school at [[St. Ignatius College Preparatory]]. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in [[history]] from the [[University of San Francisco]] and a [[Juris Doctor]] from [[San Francisco Law School]], now integrated to [[Alliant International University]].

==Career==
McCarthy joined the [[United States Air Force]] in March 1951, and served for twenty-one months until the end of 1952, as an enlisted man.<ref name=oral>[http://www.sos.ca.gov/archives/oral-history/pdf/mccarthy.pdf Leo T. McCarthy, Oral History Interview, California State Archives, 1995–1996, Page 11]</ref> He was in an intelligence unit at the [[Strategic Air Command]] and was stationed at [[Lake Charles, Louisiana]] for seventeen months.<ref name=oral/> While at the Strategic Air Command, he spent a few weeks deployed to [[Saudi Arabia]] taking part in a mission to simulate the start of [[World War III]].<ref name=oral/> He also served in the United States Air Force Reserves for a few years.

===California Assembly===
In 1958, the year that saw the Democrats capture statewide offices for the first time since World War II, McCarthy managed the successful campaign for State Senate of [[J. Eugene McAteer]]. After the election, McCarthy served as McAteer's administrative assistant.

McCarthy first ran for office in 1963, when he was elected to the [[San Francisco Board of Supervisors]]. He served there until 1967. In 1968, he was elected to the [[California State Assembly|State Assembly]], serving as [[Speaker of the California State Assembly|speaker of the Assembly]] from 1974 to 1980. ([[Art Agnos]], elected mayor of San Francisco in 1988, had his political start as McCarthy's first legislative assistant, and later as the speaker's chief of staff.) As speaker, McCarthy earned a reputation as a partisan, take-no-prisoners insider in Democratic Party politics.<ref>Balzar, John, "Leo McCarthy, 76; Democrat served as lieutenant governor, Assembly speaker", ''Los Angeles Times'', February 6, 2007</ref>

McCarthy unexpectedly lost the speakership to [[Willie Brown (politician)|Willie Brown]] in 1980. McCarthy had been facing a stiff challenge from [[Howard Berman]]. Seeing his fellow Democrats so divided, Brown worked with Republicans to gain the speakership. Both of the losers in this struggle soon left the legislature. Berman ran for Congress and McCarthy ran for statewide office.

===Lieutenant Governor of California (from 1983 to 1995)===
McCarthy was first elected to statewide office to the first of three consecutive four-year terms as [[lieutenant governor of California]] in [[1982 California lieutenant gubernatorial election|1982]], at the same time that [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[George Deukmejian]] was elected [[Governor of California|governor]]. In 1986, the incumbent McCarthy ran against Republican [[Mike Curb]], the former Lieutenant Governor and McCarthy's immediate predecessor as well as a former film producer and music promoter with a reputation for opposing drug use by artists. In a hotly-contested race for lieutenant governor that centered largely around violent crime and drug policy, McCarthy alleged that Curb made a fortune in making 'exploitation films' that glorified drugs, sex, and violence.<ref>Shuitt, Douglas, "California Elections: Curb, McCarthy – Vying to Become the Toughest Cop?", ''Los Angeles Times'', October 10, 1986</ref> Curb was so incensed at the charges that he filed a $7-million libel and slander suit against McCarthy, who ultimately won the election.<ref>"Curb Files $7-Million Suit Against McCarthy", ''Los Angeles Times'', October 28, 1986</ref>

After his failed 1988 Senate campaign, McCarthy won a third term as lieutenant governor in 1990, while his 1988 opponent [[Pete Wilson]] won the election for governor.

=== 1988 U.S. Senate campaign ===

In [[1988 United States Senate election in California|1988]], McCarthy ran for the [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]]. He easily won the Democratic Party nomination but was defeated in the general election by the Republican incumbent and future Governor [[Pete Wilson]]. As of 2021, this was the last time a Republican won a U.S. Senate seat in California. McCarthy's 4,287,253 votes set a record for the most votes given to a losing Democratic Senate candidate that lasted until it was broken by [[MJ Hegar]] of Texas in 2020. McCarthy was the first person to get more than 4 million votes in a losing Senate campaign.

=== 1992 U.S. Senate campaign and retirement ===
In [[1992 United States Senate election in California|1992]], McCarthy entered the Democratic primary election for the U.S. Senate but lost the nomination to [[US Representative]] (and later general election winner) [[Barbara Boxer]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/03/us/the-1992-campaign-california-2-women-win-nomination-in-california-senate-races.html|title=THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: California; 2 Women Win Nomination In California Senate Races|last=Reinhold|first=Robert|date=1992-06-03|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-05-18|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

McCarthy retired from public office at the end of his third term as the state's longest-serving Lieutenant Governor after 12 years in office on January 2, 1995, choosing not to seek re-election to a fourth term in [[1994 California lieutenant gubernatorial election|1994]], even though he was eligible for one more term and would not have been term-limited until 1998. He was succeeded by a fellow Democrat, then-[[California State Controller|State Controller]] and later future Governor [[Gray Davis]]. McCarthy's 12 years are the longest any [[California]] lieutenant governor has served. Upon leaving politics, he created an investment company, The Daniel Group, named for his father and located in San Francisco.

===Leo T. McCarthy Center===
He helped found the Leo T. McCarthy Center for Public Service and the Common Good at the [[University of San Francisco]].

==Personal life and death==
McCarthy was Catholic. He was married on December 17, 1955, to the former Jacqueline Lee Burke. They had four children (Sharon, Conna, Adam, and Niall) and eleven grandchildren.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/LEO-T-MCCARTHY-1930-2007-S-F-liberal-2651457.php|title=LEO T. MCCARTHY: 1930-2007 / S.F. liberal committed to justice / He served 6 years as speaker of the Assembly and a record 12 years as lieutenant governor|date=6 February 2007|accessdate=4 November 2024|author=Lucas, Greg|work=San Francisco Gate}}</ref>

After a long illness, McCarthy died from a kidney ailment at his home in San Francisco on February 5, 2007.<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/LEO-T-MCCARTHY-1930-2007-S-F-liberal-2651457.php Leo McCarthy dead at 76], sfgate.com; accessed February 26, 2017.</ref>

==Sources==
*[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt7t1nc6j5 Online archive of California]
*[http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2007/02/06/BAGK7NVH081.DTL Leo T. McCarthy: 1930–2007]
*[http://www.joincalifornia.com/candidate/3453 Candidate Bio]
*[http://www.sos.ca.gov/archives/oral-history/pdf/mccarthy.pdf Leo T. McCarthy, Oral History Interview, California State Archives, 1995–1996]
*[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-X9RT-PB?i=2&cc=1609792&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AKGM3-WM9 New Zealand Immigration Archives]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040903032455/http://mccarthycenter.usfca.edu/ McCarthy Center at the University of San Francisco]
*{{C-SPAN|2514}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|us-ca-hs}}
{{succession box |title=California State Assemblyman, 19th District |before=[[Charles W. Meyers]] |after=[[Lou Papan]] |years=1969–1974}}
{{succession box |title=California State Assemblyman, 18th District |before=[[Willie Brown (politician)|Willie Brown]] |after=[[Alister McAlister]] |years=1974–1982}}
{{s-off}}
{{succession box | before = [[Bob Moretti]] | title = [[Speaker of the California State Assembly]] | years = June 1974 – November 1980 | after = [[Willie Brown (politician)|Willie Brown]]}}
{{succession box | before = [[Mike Curb]] | title = [[Lieutenant Governor of California]] | years = January 3, 1983 – January 2, 1995 | after = [[Gray Davis]]}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Jerry Brown]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] nominee for [[List of United States Senators from California|United States Senator (Class 1) from California]]|years=[[1988 United States Senate election in California|1988]]}} <br />
{{s-aft|after=[[Dianne Feinstein]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Mervyn M. Dymally]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] nominee for [[Lieutenant Governor of California]]|years=1982, 1986, 1990}} <br />
{{s-aft|after=[[Gray Davis]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{CALtGovernors}}
{{CAAssemblySpeaker}}
{{California Democratic Party}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:McCarthy, Leo T.}}
[[Category:1930 births]]
[[Category:2007 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:20th-century American lawyers]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:American people of Irish descent]]
[[Category:American Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Burials at Holy Cross Cemetery (Colma, California)]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from San Francisco]]
[[Category:Catholic politicians from California]]
[[Category:Deaths from kidney failure in California]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the California State Assembly]]
[[Category:Lawyers from San Francisco]]
[[Category:Lieutenant governors of California]]
[[Category:New Zealand emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:People from Auckland]]
[[Category:San Francisco Board of Supervisors members]]
[[Category:San Francisco Law School alumni]]
[[Category:Speakers of the California State Assembly]]
[[Category:St. Ignatius College Preparatory alumni]]
[[Category:United States Air Force airmen]]
[[Category:United States Air Force reservists]]
[[Category:University of San Francisco alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the California State Legislature]]