View source for Layyah District

{{Short description|District in Punjab, Pakistan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Layyah District
| official_name      = Layyah
| native_name        = {{Nastaliq|ضلع لیّہ}}
| native_name_lang   = 
| settlement_type    = [[List of districts in Punjab, Pakistan|District]] of [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]]
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
|size = 250
|photo1a = Old layyah city site.jpg
|photo2a = Shrine of Lal esan At Karor Layyah.jpg
}}
| imagesize          = 
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = Top: Old [[Layyah]] City<br>Shrine in [[Karor Lal Esan]]
| image_map          = Pakistan - Punjab - Layyah.svg
| mapsize            = 
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = Map of Layyah District (highlighted in red)
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Pakistan}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Provinces of Pakistan|Province]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|Punjab}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[Divisions of Pakistan|Division]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Dera Ghazi Khan Division|Dera Ghazi Khan]]
| founder            = 
| seat_type          = [[Headquarters]]
| seat               = [[Layyah]]
| unit_pref          = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 6,289
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2023table1"/>
| population_as_of   = [[2023 Pakistani census|2023]]
| population_total   = 2102386
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban   = 386282
| population_rural   = 1,716,104
| demographics_type2 = Literacy
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="2023table12"/>
| demographics2_title1 = Literacy rate
| demographics2_info1 = {{bulleted list
|'''Total:'''<br />(61.83%)
|'''Male:'''<br />(70.91%)
|'''Female:'''<br />(52.21%)
}}
| timezone1          = [[Time in Pakistan|PST]]
| utc_offset1        = +5
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = District Administration
| leader_party       = 
| leader_title       = [[Deputy Commissioner (Pakistan)|Deputy Commissioner]]
| leader_name        = Ameera Baidar
| leader_title1      = District Police Officer
| leader_title2      = District Health Officer
| leader_name2       = N/A
| leader_name3       = N/A
| leader_title3      = District Naib Nazim {{Nastaliq|نائب ناظم}}
| leader_name1       = 
| area_code          = 0606
| blank_name_sec1    = District Council
| blank_info_sec1    = 
| blank1_name_sec1   = Number of [[List of tehsils of Punjab, Pakistan|Tehsils]]
| blank1_info_sec1   = 3
| demographics1_title1 = Main language(s)
| demographics1_info1 = 
| website            = {{URL|layyah.punjab.gov.pk}}
}}
'''Layyah District''' ({{langx|skr|{{Nastaliq|ضلع ليّہ}}}}, {{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|ضلع ليہ}}}}), is a [[Districts of Pakistan|district]] in the [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. It is located in the southern part of the province. The city of [[Layyah]] is the administrative headquarters of Layyah district. Layyah has a hot, [[semi-arid climate]].<ref name=HistoryLayyah/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://layyah.punjab.gov.pk/climate|title=Climate &#124; Layyah|website=layyah.punjab.gov.pk}}</ref>

==Geography==
It lies between 30–45 to 31–24 degree north latitudes and 70–44 to 71–50 degree east longitudes. The area consists of a semi-rectangular block of sandy land between the [[Indus River]] and the [[Chenab River]] in [[Sindh Sagar Doab]]. The total area covered by the district is 6,291&nbsp;km<sup>2,</sup> with a width from east to west of {{convert|88|km}} and a length from north to south of {{convert|72|km}}.

==History==
This administrative status of Layyah was short-lived and the British reduced it to the level of [[Tehsil]] headquarters, making it a part of [[Dera Ismail Khan]]. In 1901, Layyah was transferred to the new District of [[Mianwali District|Mianwali]]. Later on, it was made part of the [[Muzaffargarh District]]. In 1982, Layyah Tehsil was upgraded to District headquarters comprising three Tehsils: Layyah, [[Karor Lal Esan Tehsil|Karor]] and [[Chaubara Tehsil|Chaubara]]. The municipality was created in 1875.<ref name=HistoryLayyah>{{cite web|url=http://www.layyahonline.net/History-Of-Layyah/History-Of-Layyah.html |title=History of Layyah|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405004331/http://www.layyahonline.net/History-Of-Layyah/History-Of-Layyah.html|archive-date=5 April 2019|url-status=dead|website=Layyahonline.net website|access-date=28 April 2024}}.</ref>

==Administrative divisions==
The district of Layyah is made up of three [[tehsil]]s:<ref name=PBS>{{cite web|url=http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk:80/sites/default/files/bwpsr/punjab/LAYYAH_SUMMARY.pdf|url-status=dead|title=District And Tehsil Level Population Summary|website=Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan website|archive-date=25 December 2018|access-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225062857/http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk:80/sites/default/files/bwpsr/punjab/LAYYAH_SUMMARY.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Three Tehsils of Layyah District |url=https://www.punjab.gov.pk/layyah |website=punjab.gov.pk |publisher=Punjab Portal |access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash"
!Tehsil<ref>[http://www.ecp.gov.pk/content/District.html Divisions/Districts of Pakistan] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060930093025/http://www.ecp.gov.pk/content/District.html|date=2006-09-30}} Note: Although divisions as an administrative structure has been abolished, the election commission of Pakistan still groups districts under the division names</ref>
!Area
(km²)<ref>{{Cite web |title=TABLE 1 : AREA, POPULATION BY SEX, SEX RATIO, POPULATION DENSITY, URBAN POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE AND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, CENSUS-2023, PUNJAB |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_1.pdf}}</ref>
!Pop.
(2023)
!Density
(ppl/km²)

(2023)
!Literacy rate
(2023)<ref name="2023table12" />
!Union Councils
|-
|[[Karor Lal Esan Tehsil|Karor Lal Esan]]<ref name="HistoryLayyah" />
|1,823
|684,729
|375.61
|62.43%
|
|-
|[[Chaubara Tehsil|Chaubara]]<ref name="HistoryLayyah" />
|2,754
|299,082
|108.60
|58.42%
|
|-
|[[Layyah Tehsil|Layyah]]
|1,712
|1,118,575
|653.37
|62.34%
|
|}

== Villages ==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a location to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> 
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
*[[Chak 90 ML]]
*[[Chaubara Tehsil|Choubara]]
*[[Lashari wala Forest|Lashari wala]]
*[[Metlawala]]
*[[Sobha Singhwala]]
*[[Udhowala]]

== Education ==
According to Pakistan District Education Ranking, a report released by [[Alif Ailaan]], Layyah is ranked at number 38 out of 155 districts nationally with an education score of 66.76. The learning score of Layyah is 70.8.<ref name="alifailaan">{{cite web |title=Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017 |url=https://elections.alifailaan.pk/wp-includes/file/DER17.pdf |website=elections.alifailaan.pk |publisher=[[Alif Ailaan]] |access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref> The readiness score of Layyah is 65.13, ranking the district at number 31. Furthermore, the school infrastructure score of Layyah is 94.38, placing it a national rank of 18.<ref name="alifailaan" /> The score reflects that most schools in Layyah have all basic facilities e.g. electricity, drinking water and functional toilets.

The issues reported in [https://web.archive.org/web/20180803074507/https://elections.alifailaan.pk/taleemdo-app/ TaleemDo! App] by the residents of Layyah suggest that students of government schools have low confidence as compared to private schools, but the students are unable to attend private schools because of high fees. Complaints about quality of teachers and a few basic facilities are also the issues reported in the app.

== Higher Education ==

=== Public Sector Colleges ===
There are 20 colleges available for the education of males and females of Layyah.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://hed.punjab.gov.pk/system/files/DGKhan_Colleges.pdf |title=D.G. Khan list of colleges|website=Higher Education Department, Government of The Punjab}}</ref> 
 	
# Boys	06
#  	Girls	09
#  	Commerce	05
: Total	20

=== Private Sector Colleges ===

# Boys	08
#  	Girls	03
#  	Commerce & Business	03
: Total 	14

=== Public Sector Universities ===
# University of Layyah

==== Departments ====
* Department of Business Administration
* Department of English
* Department of Economics
* Department of Psychology
* Department of Sociology
* Department of Education
* Department of Information Technology
* Department of Computer Science

==== Colleges ====
* College of Veterinary Sciences
* College of Agriculture

=== Private Sector Universities ===
# Govt. College University Faisalabad (Layyah Campus)
# University of Education, Lahore (Layyah Campus)
# Govt. College University, Lahore (Layyah Campus)
# National College of Business Administration & Economics Lahore (Layyah Campus)

==Floods==
Sehar village residents of flood-prone Layyah district, had seen their homes repeatedly inundated and they finally took matters into their own hands and rebuilt their homes on raised dirt platforms five to six feet high, shored up with eucalyptus trees planted around the edges.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1220066|title=In homegrown innovation, Sehar village rises above flood woes|date=16 November 2015|website=DAWN.COM}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1195772|title=Fight against fury as Layyah's 382 villages inundated|first=The Newspaper's|last=Correspondent|date=23 July 2015|website=DAWN.COM}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1195484|title=Relief operations under way in flood-hit areas|first=Dawn com &#124; Irfan|last=Haider|date=21 July 2015|website=DAWN.COM}}</ref>

==Demography==

{{Historical populations
|align=center
|percentages=pagr
|1951 |162202
|1961 |273224
|1972 |495537
|1981 |666517
|1998 |1120951
|2017 |1823995
|2023 |2102386
|footnote= Sources:<ref>{{cite web |title=Population by administrative units 1951-1998 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/1998/administrative_units.pdf |publisher = [[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
}}

As of the [[2023 Pakistani census|2023 census]], Layyah district has 341,131 households and a population of 2,102,386. The district has a sex ratio of 106.23 males to 100 females and a literacy rate of 61.83%: 70.91% for males and 52.21% for females.<ref name="2023table1">{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 1 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_1.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref><ref name="2023table12">{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 12 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/table_12_punjab_district.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref> 604,722 (28.76% of the surveyed population) are under 10 years of age.<ref name="2023table5">{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 5 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_5.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]] |publisher=}}</ref> 386,282 (18.37%) live in urban areas.<ref name="2023table1"/>

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Layyah district (2023)<ref name="2023table9"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float = right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Punjabi Muslims|Islam]]|green|99.23}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Punjab, Pakistan|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|0.69}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.08}}
}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in contemporary Layyah District
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in Pakistan|Religious]]<br>group
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="Census1941">{{cite web |title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE |url=https://www.jstor.org/site/south-asia-open-archives/saoa/censusofindia1941-28216851/ |access-date=21 July 2022}}</ref>{{rp|62-63}}
! colspan="2" |2017<ref name="2017census2">{{cite web |title=District Wise Results / Tables (Census - 2017) |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/census-2017-district-wise |website=www.pbscensus.gov.pk |publisher=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2023<ref name="2023table9">{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 9 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_9.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]] 
|138,201
|{{Percentage|138201|161070|2}}
|1,812,173
|{{Percentage|1812173|1823995|2}}
|2,086,076
|99.23%
|-
| [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]{{efn|name=ad-dharmi|1941 census: Including [[Ad-Dharmi]]s}}
|21,882
|{{Percentage|21882|161070|2}}
|553
|{{Percentage|553|1823995|2}}
|242
|0.01%
|-
| [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
|882
|{{Percentage|882|161070|2}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|27
|0%
|-
| [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
|4
|{{Percentage|4|161070|2}}
|9,673
|{{Percentage|9673|1823995|2}}
|14,427
|0.69%
|-
|[[Ahmadiyya in Pakistan|Ahmadi]]
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|1,481
|{{Percentage|1481|1823995|2}}
|1,393
|0.07%
|-
| Others {{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], or not stated}}
|101
|{{Percentage|101|161070|2}}
|115
|{{Percentage|115|1823995|2}}
|186
|0.01%
|-
! Total Population
! 161,070
!{{Percentage|161070|161070|2}}
!1,823,995
!{{Percentage|1823995|1823995|2}}
!2,102,361
!100%
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="7" | {{small|Note: 1941 census data is for Layyah tehsil of Muzaffargarh District, which roughly corresponds to contemporary Layyah district. District and tehsil borders have changed since 1941.}}
|}

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages of Layyah district (2023)<ref name="2023table11"/>
|label1 = [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]] |value1 = 66.89 |color1 = firebrick
|label2 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] |value2 = 27.57 |color2 = red
|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 2.75 |color3 = green
|label4 = [[Pashto]] |value4 = 2.26 |color4 = lightgreen
|label5 = Others |value5 = 0.53 |color5 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2023 census, 66.89% of the population spoke [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]], 27.57% [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], 2.75% [[Urdu]] and 2.26% [[Pashto]] as their first language.<ref name="2023table11">{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 11 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_11.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref> The dialect spoken here is [[Thali dialect|Thali]], which blends into Multani in the south.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Layyah.jpg|Railway Station {{Nastaliq|ریلوے اسٹیشن}} Layyah
File:LayyahBazar.jpg|Sadar Bazaar {{Nastaliq|صدر بازار}} Layyah
File:Layyah fruit vegetable market.jpg|Vegetable and Fruit Market {{Nastaliq|سبزی منڈی }} of Layyah at [[twilight]]
File:District hospital layyah.jpg|D.H.Q Hospital Layyah, By: Ashiq Hussian Saggu Kot Sultan
</gallery>

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Coord|30.9602|N|70.9423|E|type:adm2nd_source:itwiki|display=title}}

{{Layyah District}}
{{Districts of Punjab (Pakistan)}}
{{Administrative divisions of Layyah District}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Layyah District| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Punjab, Pakistan]]