View source for Languages of the Iberian Peninsula

{{Short description|none}}
{{Redirect-multi|1|Iberian languages|the specific language|Iberian language|Romance (Latinate) languages in the region|Iberian Romance languages|the unrelated South Caucasian languages rarely called "Iberian" after the classical Kingdom of Iberia|Kartvelian languages}}
There have been many languages spoken in the [[Iberian Peninsula]].

== Historic languages ==
=== Pre-Roman languages ===
{{Main|Paleo-Iberian languages|Paleohispanic scripts}}
[[File:Iberia_300BC-en.svg|thumb|400px|Pre-Roman languages of Iberia circa 300 BC]]

The following languages were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula before the [[Romanization (cultural)|Roman occupation]] and the spread of the [[Latin language]].
* [[Aquitanian language|Aquitanian]] (probably closely related to or the same as Proto-Basque)
* [[Proto-Basque language|Proto-Basque]]
* [[Iberian language|Iberian]]
* [[Tartessian language|Tartessian]]
* [[Indo-European languages]]
** [[Continental Celtic languages|Celtic languages]]
*** [[Celtiberian language|Celtiberian]]
*** [[Gallaecian language|Gallaecian]]
** [[Lusitanian language|Lusitanian]] (disputed: either Italic, Celtic, Para-Celtic or other Indo-European)
** [[Sorothaptic language|Sorothaptic]]
** [[Hellenic languages|Hellenic]]
*** [[Ancient Greek]]
*[[Afroasiatic languages|Afro-Asiatic languages]]
** [[Semitic languages]]
*** [[Phoenician language|Phoenician]]
**** [[Punic language|Punic]]

=== Medieval languages ===
The following languages were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula in medieval times, following the [[decline of the Roman Empire|fall of the Western Roman Empire]].
* [[Basque language|Medieval Basque]]
* [[Indo-European languages]]
** [[Germanic languages]]
*** [[Buri (Germanic tribe)|Buri]]
*** [[Gothic language|Gothic]]
*** [[Suebi]]an
*** [[Vandalic language|Vandalic]]
**[[Italic languages]]
*** [[Latin]]
**** [[Astur-Leonese languages|Astur-Leonese]]
**** [[Galician-Portuguese]] (Old Galician)
**** [[Old Provençal]] (Old Occitan)
**** [[Old Castilian]] (Old Spanish)
**** [[Mozarabic language|Mozarabic]]
**** [[Navarro-Aragonese]]
** [[Celtic languages]]
*** [[Brittonic languages|Brittonic]]
** [[Indo-Iranian languages]]
*** [[Scythian languages|Scythian]]
**** [[Alans|Alanic]]
*** [[Romani language|Romani]]
*[[Afroasiatic languages|Afro-Asiatic languages]]
** [[Berber languages]]
**[[Semitic languages]]
*** [[Arabic languages]]
**** [[Classical Arabic]]
***** [[Andalusian Arabic]]
*** [[Jewish languages]]
**** [[Medieval Hebrew]] (based on [[Biblical Hebrew]])
***** [[Sephardi Hebrew]]
***** [[Judaeo-Romance languages]] (also classified as Italic/Latin languages)
****** [[Judaeo-Aragonese]]
****** [[Judaeo-Catalan]]
****** [[Judaeo-Portuguese]]
****** [[Judaeo-Spanish]]

== Modern languages ==
The following indigenous languages are currently spoken in the Iberian Peninsula.

===By linguistic group===
[[File:Linguistic_map_Southwestern_Europe.gif|thumb|400px|Languages of the Iberian Peninsula (simplified).]]
* [[Basque language|Basque]] ([[language isolate|isolate]])
**[[Batua]]
**[[Biscayan]]
**[[Gipuzkoan]]
**[[Upper Navarrese]]
**[[Lower Navarrese]]
**[[Lapurdian]]
**[[Souletin]]
* [[Indo-European languages]]
** [[Italic languages]]
*** [[Romance languages]]
**** [[Aragonese language|Aragonese]]
**** [[Astur-Leonese group|Astur-Leonese]]
***** [[Asturian language|Asturian]]
***** [[Cantabrian dialect|Cantabrian]] (co-dialect with Spanish)
***** [[Leonese language|Leonese]]
***** [[Mirandese language|Mirandese]]
***** [[Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]] (co-dialect with Spanish)
**** [[Catalan language|Catalan]]
*****[[Eastern Catalan]]
******[[Northern Catalan]]
******[[Central Catalan]]
*****[[Western Catalan]]
******[[North-Western Catalan]]
******[[Valencian language|Valencian]]
******[[Ribagorçan]] (co-dialect with Aragonese)
*******[[Benasquese]] (co-dialect with Aragonese and Gascon Occitan)
**** [[French language|French]]
****[[Galician-Portuguese language|Galician-Portuguese]]
***** [[Galician language|Galician]]
***** [[Eonavian]] 
***** [[Fala language|Fala]]
***** [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]
****** [[Portuguese dialects]]
**** [[Spanish language|Spanish]] (or [[Names given to the Spanish language|Castilian]])
*****[[Spanish dialects and varieties]]
**[[Germanic languages]]
*** [[Anglic languages|Anglic]]
****[[English language|English]] (Gibraltar)
*[[Mixed language]]s
** [[Caló language|Caló]] (Ibero-Romance Romani)
***[[Spanish Caló]]
***[[Catalan Caló]]
***[[Portuguese Calão]]
**[[Erromintxela]] (Basque Romani)
** [[Barranquenho]]
** [[Llanito]]
*[[Sign language]]s
**[[Spanish Sign Language]]
**[[Catalan Sign Language|Catalan]]/[[Valencian Sign Language]]
**[[Portuguese Sign Language]]
**[[French Sign Language]]

===By country===
*{{flagicon|Andorra}} [[Andorra]]:
**[[Catalan language|Catalan]] (official recognition)
**[[Spanish language|Spanish]]
**[[French language|French]]
*{{flagicon|France}} [[France]] ([[Pyrénées-Orientales]]):
**[[French language|French]] (official recognition)
**[[French Sign Language]] (official recognition)
**[[Catalan language|Catalan]] (official recognition)
**[[Occitan language|Occitan]] (not in the Iberian Peninsula, official recognition)
*{{flagicon|Gibraltar}}{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Gibraltar]] ([[UK]] [[British overseas territories|dependency]]):
**[[English language|English]] (official recognition)
**[[British Sign Language]]<ref>[http://www.chronicle.gi/headlines_details.php?id=22992 Launch of British Sign Language in Gibraltar] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429195707/http://www.chronicle.gi/headlines_details.php?id=22992 |date=2012-04-29 }}.</ref>
**[[Spanish language|Spanish]]
**[[Llanito]]
*{{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Portugal]]:
**[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] (official recognition)
**[[Portuguese Sign Language]] (official recognition)
**[[Mirandese]] (only spoken in a small eastern area of the [[Norte Region, Portugal|Norte region]], near Portuguese-Spanish border; official recognition)
**[[Barranquenho]] (spoken in the town of [[Barrancos]], near Portuguese–Spanish border; recognized and protected)
**[[Minderico language|Minderico]] (only spoken in the town of [[Minde, Portugal|Minde]])
*{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Spain]]:
**[[Spanish language|Spanish]] (also called Castilian, official recognition)
**[[Spanish Sign Language]] (official recognition)
**[[Catalan language|Catalan]] (official recognition; called [[Valencian language|Valencian]] in the [[Valencian Community]]).
**[[Catalan Sign Language]] (official recognition)
**[[Valencian Sign Language]] (official recognition)
**[[Galician language|Galician]] (official recognition) and [[Fala language|Fala]]
** [[Eonavian]] (also called Galician-asturian, official recognition) <ref>[http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1998/04/30/pdfs/A14573-14576.pdf Act 1/1998, March 23 of Principality of Asturias)]</ref>
**[[Basque language|Basque]] (official recognition)
**[[Aragonese language|Aragonese]] (official recognition)
**[[Asturian language|Asturian]] (also called Bable, official recognition)
**[[Cantabrian dialect|Cantabrian]]
**[[Leonese language|Leonese]] (official recognition)
**[[Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]
**[[Occitan language|Occitan]] (not in the Iberian Peninsula, locally called [[Aranese]], official recognition)<ref>[[Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia]], article 6th and [http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2010/11/18/pdfs/BOE-A-2010-17710.pdf Act 35/2010, October 1st of Parliament of Catalonia]</ref>
**[[Moroccan Arabic]] (not in the Iberian Peninsula)
**[[Riffian Berber]] (not in the Iberian Peninsula)
====Usage of co-official languages in Spain====
[[File:Spain languages.svg|400px|thumb|Map of co-official languages in Spain]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=50% style=" text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:20px; margin-right:3px; font-size:90%;"
|+Speakers of official languages in the Spanish autonomous communities<br/ >(as a % of each region's population)
|-bgcolor=#efefef class="sortable"
!width=35% |Autonomous community
!width=30% |Co-official languages
!width=5% |Co-official language speakers
|-
| [[Balearic Islands|Balearic Islands (2011)]]<ref name=Cat>{{cite web|url=http://www.demolinguistica.cat/arxiu/web/informe/informe2011.pdf |title=Informe sobre la situació de la llengua catalana |author= |date=2011 |publisher=Observatori de la llengua catalana |access-date=6 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123162105/http://www.demolinguistica.cat/arxiu/web/informe/informe2011.pdf |archive-date=23 January 2013 }}</ref>
| [[Catalan language|Catalan]]
| 71.5%
|-
| [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country (2011)]]<ref name=Basque>{{cite web |url=http://www.eke.org/eu/kultura/euskara/soziolinguistika/inkesta-soziolinguistikoa-2011/2011ko-inkesta-soziolinguistikoa |title=V. Inkesta Soziolinguistikoa|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |publisher=Hizkuntza Politikarako Sailburuordetza |accessdate=6 January 2013}}</ref>
| [[Basque language|Basque]]
| 32.0%
|-
| [[Catalonia|Catalonia (2011)]]<ref name=Cat/>
| [[Catalan language|Catalan]]
| 80.9%
|-
| [[Galicia (autonomous community)|Galicia (2007)]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.observatoriodalinguagalega.org/files/OLG_informe_cidadania.pdf|title=Situación da lingua galega na sociedade. Observación no ámbito da cidadanía 2007|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=|publisher=Observatorio da Lingua Galega/Xunta de Galicia|accessdate=2 September 2016|archive-date=13 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913110846/http://www.observatoriodalinguagalega.org/files/OLG_informe_cidadania.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| [[Galician language|Galician]]
| 89.3%
|-
| [[Navarre|Navarre (2011)]]<ref name=Basque/>
| [[Basque language|Basque]]
| 11.7%
|-
| [[Valencian Community|Valencian Community (2011)]]<ref name=Cat/>
| [[Valencian language|Valencian]]
| 58.4%
|-
| [[Asturias]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asturies.com/espaciuytiempu/sociollinguistica |title=Sociollingüística |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |publisher=Espaciu y Tiempu de la llingua asturiana |accessdate=6 January 2013}}</ref>
| [[Asturian language]]
| 42.0%
|}

== See also ==
* [[Languages of Andorra]]
* [[Languages of Spain]]
* [[Languages of France]]
* [[Languages of Portugal]]
* [[Languages of Gibraltar]]
* [[Iberian Romance languages]]
*[[Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula]]
* [[Balearic Catalan]]

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040611215344/http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC)]
*[http://www.proel.org/lenguas2.html Detailed linguistic map of the Iberian Peninsula]
*[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Swadesh_lists_for_Iberian_languages Swadesh lists of Iberian languages basic words] (from Wiktionary's [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Swadesh_lists Swadesh list appendix])

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Languages of Europe}}
{{Eurasian languages}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Iberia, Languages of}}
[[Category:Languages of Europe]]
[[Category:Paleohispanic languages]]
[[Category:Languages of Andorra]]
[[Category:Languages of Spain|Languages of Spain]]
[[Category:Languages of Portugal]]
[[Category:Extinct languages of Europe]]