View source for Kynda-class cruiser

{{Short description|Soviet Navy warship class}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{more footnotes|date=January 2013}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin
| sclass = 2
}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = [[File:Cruiser Kynda.jpg|300px|Kynda class cruiser.]]
| Ship caption = ''Groznyy'' in 1985
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
| Name = ''Kynda'' class
| Builders = [[Severnaya Verf|Zhdanov Shipyard]]
| Operators = *{{navy|Soviet Union}}
*{{navy|Russia}}
| Class before = {{sclass|Sverdlov|cruiser|4}}
| Class after = {{sclass2|Kresta I|cruiser|4}}
| Subclasses = 
| Cost = 
| Built range = 1960–1965
| In service range = 1962–2002
| In commission range = 
| Total ships building = 
| Total ships planned = 16
| Total ships completed = 4
| Total ships cancelled = 12
| Total ships active = 
| Total ships laid up = 
| Total ships lost = 
| Total ships retired = 4
| Total ships preserved = 
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header = 
| Header caption = 
| Ship type = [[Cruiser]]
| Ship displacement = 4,400&nbsp;tons standard, 5,500&nbsp;tons full&nbsp;load
| Ship length = {{convert|141.7|-|141.9|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam = {{convert|15.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship height = 
| Ship draught = {{convert|5.3|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship hold depth = 
| Ship decks = 
| Ship deck clearance = 
| Ship ramps = 
| Ship ice class = 
| Ship power = 
| Ship propulsion = *4 boilers
*2 steam turbines
*{{cvt|100,000|shp|lk=on}}
| Ship speed = {{convert|34|kn|lk=in}}
| Ship range = *{{convert|2000|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|34|kn|abbr=on}}
*{{convert|7000|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|14.5|kn|abbr=on}}
| Ship endurance = 
| Ship complement = 390
| Ship sensors = 
| Ship EW = 
| Ship armament = *ASM:&nbsp;2×4&nbsp;[[P-5 Pyatyorka|SS-N-3]]b (8+8&nbsp;missiles)
*SAM:&nbsp;1&nbsp;twin [[S-125|SA-N-1]] 'Goa' launcher (16&nbsp;missiles)
*Guns:&nbsp;2× {{convert|76|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[AK-726]] guns, 4× {{convert|30|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[AK-630]] guns
*ASW:&nbsp;2×&nbsp;[[RBU-6000]] launchers
*Torpedoes:&nbsp;2×3&nbsp;533mm tubes
| Ship armour = 
| Ship aircraft = 
| Ship aircraft facilities = Helipad
| Ship notes = 
}}
|}

The '''Project 58 missile cruisers''' (''Ракетные крейсера проекта 58''), known to [[NATO]] as the '''Kynda class'''<ref>Jordan, John. 'Soviet Warships 1945 to Present', Revised & Expanded Edition, {{ISBN|1-85409-117-4}}, London: Arms & Armour Press, 1992</ref> and sometimes referred to as the '''''Grozny'' class''' (тип «''Грозный''»),  from the name of the first ship of the series to be constructed, were the first generation of [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] missile cruisers and represented a considerable advance for the [[Soviet Navy]].  Their main role was anti-surface warfare using the [[SS-N-3 Shaddock|SS-N-3]]b 'Shaddock' missile. The design proved to be top-heavy and was soon succeeded by the larger {{sclass2|Kresta I|cruiser|4}}, but the Kyndas stayed in service until the fall of the Soviet Union.

==Design==
[[Image:Kynda class cruiser underway.jpg|thumb|''Groznyy'' during the height of the Cold War, 1985]]
[[Image:Kynda 1990 DN-ST-91-00400mod.jpg|thumb| ''Admiral Golovko'' in the Mediterranean Sea]]
The specifications (TTZ in Russian{{clarify|date=July 2012}}) for this class were issued in 1956.

The main armament comprised two trainable quadruple SS-N-3 anti shipping missile mountings; one forward one aft. One set of reload missiles was carried (16 missiles in total). Defensive armament comprised a twin SA-N-1 missile launcher forward and two twin 76mm [[AK-726]] guns aft. Two RBU-6000 anti submarine rocket launchers and two triple {{convert|533|mm|adj=on}} torpedo tubes were also fitted. The ships were refitted in the early 1980s with four {{convert|30|mm|adj=on}} [[AK-630]] [[close-in weapon system|close-in weapon systems]] (CIWS).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Guided Missile Cruisers - Project 58 |url=http://russianships.info/eng/warships/project_58.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003132002/http://russianships.info/eng/warships/project_58.htm |archive-date=2024-10-03 |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=russianships.info}}</ref>

Machinery comprised high pressure steam turbines in a unit system with alternating boiler rooms and turbine rooms.

The electronics fit consisted of:

'''Radar:'''
*MR-500 Kliver air search
*MR-302 Rubka surface search
*Don  DonKay navigation
  
'''Sonar:''' 
*GAS-372 Gerkules-2M hull mounted

'''Other systems:''' 
*Zaliv ESM
*Krab ECM
*Uspekh-U aircraft communications
*Yatagan SA-N-1 fire control (Peel Group SA-N-1 Target Acquisition /Target Tracking/Missile Guidance (TA/TT/MG) array
*MR105 AK-726 fire control (Hawk Screech) Fire Control for 76mm Guns
*Binom P35 Progress fire control

== Ships ==

The ships were ordered in 1956 and laid down in 1960–1961. All four ships were built by the [[Severnaya Verf|Zhdanov yard]] in Leningrad. Initially classified as destroyers and given traditional destroyer names, they were redesignated as [[Rocket cruiser|rocket cruisers]] and renamed in September 1962. A total of 16 ships were planned but eventually only four were built, one for each fleet (Baltic, Pacific, Arctic, Black sea). This was notably caused by a priority change, directed towards anti-submarine warfare and the ships being top heavy. The class was followed up by the larger Kresta I-class ships, sharing the main design but optimized primarily for ASW warfare.

* {{ship|Soviet cruiser|Groznyy||2}} (Fearsome) (Грозный)
: Laid down 23 February 1960
: Launched 26 March 1961
: Completed 30 December 1962
:Served in the Baltic Fleet
: Scrapped 1991

* {{ship|Soviet cruiser|Admiral Fokin||2}} (Адмирал Фокин)
:Laid down as ''Steregushchyy'' (Watchful) on 5 October 1960
:Launched 19 November 1961
:Completed 1964
:Served in the Pacific Fleet
:Scrapped 1993

* {{ship|Soviet cruiser|Admiral Golovko||2}} (Адмирал Головко)
:Laid down as ''Doblestnyy'' (Valorous) on 20 April 1960
:Launched 18 July 1962
:Renamed on 31 October 1962 after [[Arseniy Golovko]]
:Completed 1964
:From 1995 to 1997 she served as flagship of the Black Sea fleet, before being deactivated and removed from service in 2002.

* {{ship|Soviet cruiser|Varyag|1963|2}} (Варяг)
:Laid down as ''Soobrazitelnyy'' (Shrewd) on 13 October 1961
:Launched 7 April 1963
: Completed 1965
:Served in the Pacific Fleet
:Decommissioned 1990. This ship was featured in a Soviet TV documentary in the late 1970s. There were plans to preserve her as a museum.

==See also==
*[[List of ships of the Soviet Navy]]
*[[List of ships of Russia by project number]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Groznyy class missile cruisers}}
* [http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/58.htm Article from FAS in English]
* [http://flot.sevastopol.info/eng/ship/cruisers/admiral_golovko.htm page on Admiral Golovko from Black Sea Fleet]
* {{in lang|en}} [http://russianships.info/eng/warships/project_58.htm All Russian Kynda Class Cruisers - Complete Ship List]

{{Kynda-class cruiser}}
{{Soviet and Russian ships after 1945}}

[[Category:Cruiser classes]]
[[Category:Kynda-class cruisers| ]]
[[Category:Ships of the Soviet Navy]]