View source for Kurdish population

{{Short description|Ethnic group}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Kurds<br/>{{hlist|{{nobold|{{langx|ku|Kurdan}}}}|{{nobold|کورد}}}}
|population= [[Turkey]] (14.7 million (18%))<br>[[Iran]] (8.1 million (10%))<br>[[Iraq]] (5.5 million (17.5%))<br>[[Syria]] (1.7 million (9.7%))<br>Western Europe: 1.5–1.7 million<ref name="cfr" /><ref name="kip2016" /> <br>Total: 31–32 million
|languages =[[Kurdish languages|Kurdish]] and [[Zaza–Gorani languages]]
|religions = [[Sunni Islam]] (incl. [[Sufism]]), [[Shia Islam]], [[Alevism]], [[Yazidism]], [[Yarsanism]], with minorities of [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Christianity]] and [[Judaism]]
|related = Other [[Iranian peoples]]
}}
{{Kurds}}
The '''Kurdish population''' is estimated to be between 30 and 45&nbsp;million.<ref name="KIOP2017">[http://www.institutkurde.org/en/info/the-kurdish-population-1232551004 The Kurdish Population] by the [[Kurdish Institute of Paris]], 2017 estimate. The Kurdish population is estimated at 15–20 million in Turkey, 10–12 million in Iran, 8–8.5 million in Iraq, 3–3.6 million in Syria, 1.2–1.5 million in the European diaspora, and 400k–500k in the former USSR—for a total of 36.4 million to 45.6 million globally.</ref><ref>Based on arithmetic from ''World Factbook'' and other sources cited herein: A Near Eastern population of 28–30 million, plus approximately a 2 million diaspora gives 30–32 million. If the highest (25%) estimate for the Kurdish population of Turkey, in Mackey (2002), proves correct, this would raise the total to around 37 million.</ref> Most [[Kurdish people]] live in [[Kurdistan]], which today is split between [[Iranian Kurdistan]], [[Iraqi Kurdistan]], [[Turkish Kurdistan]], and [[Syrian Kurdistan]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Gunter|first=Michael|title=The Kurds Ascending|year=2008|publisher=Palgrave MacMillan|location=New York|isbn=978-0-230-60370-7}}</ref>

==Kurdistan==
{{further|Kurdistan}}
The bulk of Kurdish groups in Kurdistan are [[Sunni]] (mostly of the [[Shafi'i]] school), but there are significant minorities adhering to [[Shia Islam]] (especially [[Alevi]]s), [[Yazidism]], [[Yarsanism]], [[Christianity]] and [[Kurdish Jews|Judaism]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Bruinessen|first=Martin|author-link=Martin van Bruinessen|title=Kurdish Ethno-Nationalism Versus Nation-Building States: Collected Articles|publisher=Isis Press|location=Istanbul|page=43|year=2000|isbn=978-975-428-177-4|oclc=46851965}}
{{cite book|last=Radu|first=Michael|author-link=Michael Radu|title=Dangerous Neighborhood: Contemporary Issues in Turkey's Foreign Relations|publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]]|location=New Brunswick, N.J|page=17|year=2003|isbn=978-0-7658-0166-1|oclc=50269670}}</ref><ref name="elling">{{cite book|last=Elling|first=Rasmus Christian|title=Minorities in Iran: Nationalism and Ethnicity after Khomeini|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York|year=2013|isbn=978-0-230-11584-2|oclc=714725127}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Crane|first1=Keith|last2=Lal|first2=Rollie|last3=Martini|first3=Jeffrey|title=Iran's Political, Demographic, and Economic Vulnerabilities|publisher=[[RAND Corporation]]|location=Santa Monica|page=53|year=2008|isbn=978-0-8330-4527-0|oclc=259715774}}</ref>

===Turkey===
{{main|Kurds in Turkey|Kurds of Central Anatolia}}
[[File:Ji Qinzêrîb Zarokek.JPG|thumb|Kurdish girl in [[Mardin Province]]]]
According to a report by Turkish agency KONDA, in 2006, out of the total population of 73 million people in [[Turkey]] there were 11.4 million Kurds and [[Zazas]] living in Turkey (close to 15.68% of the total population).<ref name="KONDA 2006 loc=18">{{cite report |date=September 2006 |title=Toplumsal Yapı Araştırması 2006 |trans-title=Social Structure Research 2006 |url=http://www.konda.com.tr/tr/raporlar/2006_09_KONDA_Toplumsal_Yapi.pdf |publisher=KONDA |chapter=Etnik Kimlikler: Anadil [Ethnic Identitites: Mother Tongue] |page=17 |access-date=2016-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215004933/http://www.konda.com.tr/tr/raporlar/2006_09_KONDA_Toplumsal_Yapi.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The Turkish newspaper [[Milliyet]] reported in 2008 that the Kurdish population in Turkey is 12.6 million; although this also includes 3 million Zazas.<ref>{{cite web |author=Milliyet|title=Türkiye'deki Kürtlerin sayısı!
|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/default.aspx?aType=SonDakika&ArticleID=873452|access-date=2010-11-13}}</ref> According to the [[World Factbook]], Kurdish people make up 18% of Turkey's population (about 14 million, out of 77.8 million people).<ref name=CIATurkey>{{cite web|author=Central Intelligence Agency
|title=The World Factbook: Turkey|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/turkey/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110073821/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/turkey|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 10, 2021|access-date=2010-11-13}}</ref> Kurdish sources put the figure at 10<ref>[http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2007/10/turkeykurdistan1420.htm Kurdish PKK chief Murat Karayilan says will spread to Turkish cities if we were attacked by Turkey]</ref> to 15 million Kurds in Turkey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2011/9/state5445.htm|title=Kurdish political rights and its impact on the Middle East economy and Stability. By Hiwa Nezhadian}}</ref>

Kurds mostly live in [[Northern Kurdistan]], in [[Southeastern Anatolia|Southeastern]] and [[Eastern Anatolia]]. But large Kurdish populations can be found in western Turkey due to internal migration. According to Rüstem Erkan, [[Istanbul]] is the [[Provinces of Turkey|province]] with the largest Kurdish population in Turkey.<ref>[http://www.timeturk.com/tr/2010/03/25/en-buyuk-kurt-sehri-istanbul.html "En Büyük Şehri, İstanbul"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323014115/http://www.timeturk.com/tr/2010/03/25/en-buyuk-kurt-sehri-istanbul.html |date=2011-03-23 }}, ''Time Türk'', March 25, 2010.</ref>

===Iran===
{{main|Kurds in Iran|Kurds of Khorasan}}
[[File:Nowruz 2017 in Bisaran, Kurdistan province.jpg|thumb|Kurdish family in [[Bisaran]], Iran]]
From the 7 million Iranian Kurds, majority who are [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]].<ref>{{cite web |title=UNPO: Iranian Kurdistan |url=https://unpo.org/members/7882?id=7882 |website=unpo.org | date=9 May 2024 |language=en}}</ref> Shia Kurds inhabit Kermanshah Province, except for those parts where people are [[Jaff (Kurdish tribe)|Jaff]], and [[Ilam Province]] Province; as well as some parts of [[Kurdistan Province|Kurdistan]], [[Hamadan Province|Hamadan]] and [[Zanjan Province|Zanjan]] provinces. The Kurds of [[Khorasan Province]] in northeastern Iran are also adherents of Shia Islam. During the [[Iranian Revolution|Shia revolution]] in Iran the major Kurdish political parties were unsuccessful in absorbing Shia Kurds, who at that period had no interest in autonomy.<ref name="David Romano page 235">{{cite book |title=The Kurdish Nationalist Movement |first=David |last=Romano |page=235 |year=2006 |isbn=0-521-85041-X |location=New York |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref><ref name="McDowall page 270-278">{{cite book |title=A Modern History of the Kurds |last=McDowall |page=270 |year=1996 |location=London |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=1-85043-653-3 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Porter |first1=Ellen |last2=Prunhuber |first2=Carol |title=The Passion and Death of Rahman the Kurd: Dreaming Kurdistan |date=2010 |publisher=iUniverse |isbn=9781440178153 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JdRwGcJg7DwC&q=kermanshah |language=en}}</ref> However, since the 1990s Kurdish nationalism has seeped into the Shia Kurdish area partly due to outrage against government's violent suppression of Kurds farther north.<ref name="McDowall page 278">{{cite book |title=A Modern History of the Kurds |last=McDowall  |page=278 |year=1996 |location=London |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=1-85043-653-3 }}</ref>

===Iraq===
{{main|Kurds in Iraq}}
[[File:Pilgrims and festival at Lalish on the day of the Ezidi New Year in 2017 10.jpg|thumb|[[Yazidis|Yazidi]] pilgrimage to [[Lalish]] temple in Iraqi Kurdistan]]
Kurds constitute approximately 17% of Iraq's population. They are the majority in at least three provinces in northern Iraq which are together known as [[Iraqi Kurdistan]]. Kurds also have a presence in [[Kirkuk]], [[Mosul]], [[Khanaqin]], and [[Baghdad]]. Around 300,000 Kurds live in the Iraqi capital Baghdad, 50,000 in the city of Mosul and around 100,000 elsewhere in southern Iraq.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ghassemlou |first1=A. R. |title=A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan |date=1993 |orig-date=1978 |publisher=Olive Branch Press |isbn=978-1-56656-114-3 |pages=142–143 |url=https://archive.org/details/peoplewithoutcou00elat |language=en}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=October 2023|reason=The figures date from 1975, more up to date figures should be used}}

Kurds led by [[Mustafa Barzani]] were engaged in heavy fighting against successive Iraqi regimes from 1960 to 1975. In March 1970, Iraq announced a peace plan providing for Kurdish autonomy. The plan was to be implemented in four years.<ref>G.S. Harris, ''Ethnic Conflict and the Kurds'' in the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, pp. 118–120, 1977</ref> However, at the same time, the Iraqi regime started an Arabization program in the oil-rich regions of [[Kirkuk]] and [[Khanaqin]].<ref>[http://hrw.org/reports/1993/iraqanfal/ANFALINT.htm Introduction]. Genocide in Iraq: The Anfal Campaign Against the Kurds (Human Rights Watch Report, 1993).</ref> The peace agreement did not last long, and in 1974, the Iraqi government began a new offensive against the Kurds. Moreover, in March 1975, Iraq and Iran signed the [[Algiers Agreement (1975)|Algiers Accord]], according to which Iran cut supplies to Iraqi Kurds. Iraq started another wave of Arabization by moving Arabs to the oil fields in Kurdistan, particularly those around Kirkuk.<ref>G.S. Harris, ''Ethnic Conflict and the Kurds'' in the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, p.121, 1977</ref> Between 1975 and 1978, 200,000 Kurds were deported to other parts of Iraq.<ref>M. Farouk-Sluglett, P. Sluglett, J. Stork, ''Not Quite Armageddon: Impact of the War on Iraq'', MERIP Reports, July–September 1984, p.24</ref>

===Syria===
{{main|Kurds in Syria}}

[[Kurdish people|Kurds]] are the largest ethnic minority in Syria and make up nine percent of the country's population.<ref name=State>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3580.htm Background Note: Syria] U.S. Department of State</ref> Syrian Kurds have faced routine discrimination and harassment by the government.<ref name=HRW112609>{{cite web|title=Syria: End Persecution of Kurds|date=26 November 2009|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2009/11/26/syria-end-persecution-kurds|publisher=Human Rights Watch|access-date=4 October 2011}}</ref><ref name=GUARD>Ian Black. [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jul/16/syrian-human-rights-unchanged-assad Syrian human rights record unchanged under Assad, report says], The Guardian, 16 July 2010.</ref>

[[Syrian Kurdistan]] is an unofficial name used by some to describe the Kurdish inhabited regions of northern and northeastern Syria.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syrian-president-bashar-alassad-accused-of-arming-kurdish-separatists-for-attacks-against-turkish-government-8026990.html | location=London | work=The Independent | first=Loveday | last=Morris | title=Syrian President Bashar al-Assad accused of arming Kurdish separatists for attacks against Turkish government | date=9 August 2012}}</ref> The northeastern Kurdish inhabited region covers the greater part of [[Hasakah Governorate]]. The main cities in this region are [[Qamishli]] and [[Hasakah]]. Another region with significant Kurdish population is [[Kobanê]] (Ayn al-Arab) in the northern part of Syria near the town of [[Jarabulus]] and also the city of [[Afrin, Syria|Afrin]] and its surroundings along the Turkish border.

Many Kurds seek political autonomy for the Kurdish inhabited areas of Syria, similar to Iraqi Kurdistan in Iraq, or outright independence as part of Kurdistan. The name "Western Kurdistan" ([[Kurdish language|Kurdish]]: Rojavayê Kurdistanê) is also used by Kurds to name the Syrian Kurdish inhabited areas in relation to Kurdistan.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ankara Alarmed by Syrian Kurds' Autonomy
|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443687504577563183350590066|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|access-date=16 August 2012}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|title=Syrian Kurds more a chance than challenge to Turkey, if…|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/views/2012/07/27/228626.html|publisher=Al-Arabiya|access-date=16 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515092602/http://english.alarabiya.net/views/2012/07/27/228626.html|archive-date=15 May 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}
</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Syrian Kurdish moves ring alarm bells in Turkey
|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-crisis-turkey-kurds-idUSBRE86N12W20120724|work=Reuters|access-date=17 August 2012|date=24 July 2012}}</ref> Since the [[Syrian civil war]], Syrian government forces have abandoned many Kurdish-populated areas, leaving the Kurds to fill the power vacuum and govern these areas autonomously.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kurds seek autonomy in a democratic Syria
|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-19291072|publisher=BBC World News|access-date=16 August 2012|date=16 August 2012}}</ref>

==Transcaucasus==
{{main|Caucasian Kurds}}
===Armenia===
{{main|Kurds in Armenia}}
According to the 2011 Armenian Census, 37,470 Kurds live in Armenia.<ref name="armenia">{{cite web|title=Information from the 2011 Armenian National Census|url=http://www.armstat.am/file/doc/99478353.pdf|language=hy|work=Statistics of Armenia|access-date=27 May 2014}}</ref> They mainly live in the western parts of Armenia.  The Kurds of the former Soviet Union first began writing Kurdish in the Armenian alphabet in the 1920s, followed by Latin in 1927, then Cyrillic in 1945, and now in both Cyrillic and Latin.
The Kurds in Armenia established a Kurdish radio broadcast from Yerevan and the first Kurdish newspaper Riya Teze.  There is a Kurdish Department in the Yerevan State Institute of Oriental studies. The Kurds of Armenia were the first exiled country to have access to media such as radio, education and press in their native tongue<ref>The Peoples of the USSR: An Ethnographic Handbook – P. 117. by Ronald Wixman</ref> but many Kurds, from 1939 to 1959 were listed as the Azeri population or even as Armenians.<ref>Mannerheim: Marshal of Finland – P. 210. by Alexandre Bennigsen, Stig Jägerskiöld, S. Enders Wimbush</ref>

===Georgia===
{{main|Kurds in Georgia}}

According to the 2002 Georgian Census, 20,843 Kurds live in Georgia<ref name="georgia" /> The Kurds in Georgia mainly live in the capital of [[Tbilisi]] and [[Rustavi]].<ref name="report"/> According to a [[United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees]] report from 1998, about 80% of the Kurdish population in Georgia are assimilated Kurds.<ref name="report">{{cite report |title=Georgia: Treatment of the Kurds |date=1 August 1998|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,IRBC,,GEO,,3ae6aae694,0.html|access-date=5 November 2011|author=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|publisher=Refworld: The leader in Refugee Decision Support}}</ref>

==Diaspora==
There were also many Kurds among the Kurdish diaspora and in [[Red Kurdistan]].<ref name="eki"/><ref>Ismet Chériff Vanly, “The Kurds in the Soviet Union”, in: Philip G. Kreyenbroek & S. Sperl (eds.), ''The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview'' (London: Routledge, 1992), p. 164: Table based on 1990 estimates: 
Azerbaijan (180,000), Armenia (50,000), Georgia (40,000), Kazakhstan (30,000), Kyrgyzstan (20,000), Uzbekistan (10,000), Tajikistan (3,000), Turkmenistan (50,000), Siberia (35,000), Krasnodar (20,000), Other (12,000)  (total 410,000).</ref>

===Russia===
{{main|Kurds in Russia}}
According to the [[Russian Census (2010)|2010 Russian Census]], 63,818 Kurds live in Russia. Russia has maintained warm relations with the Kurds for a long time, During the early 19th century, the main goal of the Russian Empire was to ensure the neutrality of the Kurds, in the wars against Persia and the Ottoman Empire.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:РОССИЯ И ПРОБЛЕМА КУРДОВ|url=http://www.rau.su/observer/N21_93/21_09.HTM|work=rau.su|access-date=25 June 2012|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212203207/http://www.rau.su/observer/N21_93/21_09.HTM|archive-date=2012-02-12|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the beginning of the 19th century, Kurds settled in Transcaucasia, at a time when Transcaucasia was incorporated into the Russian Empire. In the 20th century, Kurds were persecuted and exterminated by the Turks and Persians, a situation that led Kurds to move to Russia.<ref name=eki>{{cite web|title=Kurds|url=http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook/kurds.shtml|work=Institute of Estonia (EKI)|access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref>

===Lebanon===
{{main|Kurds in Lebanon}}
The existence of a community of at least 125,000 Kurds<ref name="lb" /> is the product of several waves of immigrants, the first major wave was in the period of 1925–1950 when thousands of Kurds fled violence and poverty in Turkey.<ref>A Modern History of the Kurds – Page 485 by David MacDowall</ref> Kurds in [[Lebanon]] go back far as the twelfth century A.D. when the [[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubids]] arrived there. Over the next few centuries, several other Kurdish families were sent to Lebanon by a number of powers to maintain rule in those regions, others moved as a result of poverty and violence in Kurdistan. These Kurdish groups settled in and ruled many areas of Lebanon for a long period of time.<ref>{{cite book|title=Kurdish Culture and Society: An Annotated Bibliography|author1= Lokman I. Meho|author2=Kelly L. Maglaughlin}}</ref>{{rp|27}} Kurds of Lebanon settled in Lebanon because of Lebanon's pluralistic society.<ref>Lebanon a Country Study – Page 83 by Federal Research Division</ref>

===European Union===
[[File:Wien - Kobane-Demo 2014-10-10 - V.jpg|thumb|Kurdish demonstration against [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|ISIS]], [[Vienna]], Austria, 10 October 2014]]
[[File:Kurdish demonstration at Schuman, Brussels, 25 October 2017.jpg|thumb|Demonstration in support of the [[Iraqi Kurdistan independence referendum, 2017|independence of Iraqi Kurdistan]] at Schuman, [[Brussels]], 25 October 2017]]
[[File:UngKurd demonstrasjon mot IS .jpg|thumb|Kurdish demonstration against [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|ISIS]] in Norway, 12 May 2016]]

{{main|Kurds in Germany|Kurds in France|Kurds in the Netherlands|Kurds in Belgium|Kurds in Greece|Kurds in Denmark|Kurds in Sweden|Kurds in Finland|Kurds in Norway|Kurds in Switzerland|Kurds in the United Kingdom}}

The Kurdish diaspora in the [[European Union]] is most significant in Germany, France, Sweden, Belgium and the Netherlands. Kurds from Turkey went to Germany and France during the 1960s as immigrant workers. Thousands of Kurdish refugees and political refugees fled from Turkey to Sweden during the 1970s and onward, and from Iraq during the 1980s and 1990s.

In France, the [[Iranian Kurds]] make up the majority of the community.<ref name="McDowall 2000 loc=457">{{Harvnb|McDowall|2000|loc=457}}.</ref>  However, thousands of [[Iraqi Kurds]] also arrived in the mid-1990s.<ref name="Miller 2000 loc=101">{{Harvnb|Miller|2000|loc=101}}</ref> More recently, [[Syrian Kurds]] have been entering France illegally<ref>{{cite web|author=France24|title=Illegal migrants sent to mainland|url=http://www.france24.com/en/20100123-corsica-refugee-syria-kurd-france|access-date=2010-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126090027/http://www.france24.com/en/20100123-corsica-refugee-syria-kurd-france|archive-date=2010-01-26|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In the [[United Kingdom]], Kurds first began to immigrate between 1974 and 1975 when the rebellion of Iraqi Kurds against the Iraqi government was repressed. The Iraqi government began to destroy Kurdish villages and forced many Kurds to move to barren land in the south.<ref name=MuseumofLondon>{{cite web|author=Museum of London|title=Belonging: Voices of London's Refugees|url=http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/EventsExhibitions/Community/Belonging/Facts/Timeline.htm|access-date=2010-11-20}}</ref> These events resulted in many Kurds fleeing to the United Kingdom. Thus, the Iraqi Kurds make up a large part of the community.<ref name="McDowall 2000 loc=457"/> In 1979, [[Ayatollah Khomeini]] came to power in Iran and installed Islamic law. There was widespread political oppression and persecution of the Kurdish community. Since the late 1970s the number of people from Iran seeking asylum in Britain has remained high.<ref name=MuseumofLondon/> In 1988, [[Saddam Hussein]] launched the [[Anfal campaign]] in the northern Iraq. This included mass executions and disappearances of the Kurdish community. The use of chemical weapons against thousands of towns and villages in the region, as well as the town of [[Halabja]] increased the number of Iraq Kurds entering the United Kingdom.<ref name=MuseumofLondon/> A large number of Kurds also came to the United Kingdom following the 1980 military coup in Turkey.<ref name=MuseumofLondon/> More recently, immigration has been due to the continued political oppression and the repression of ethnic and religious minorities in Iraq and Iran.<ref name=MuseumofLondon/> Estimates of the Kurdish population in the United Kingdom are as high as 200–250,000.<ref name=MuseumofLondon/>

In [[Denmark]], there is a significant number of Iraqi political refugees, many of which are Kurds.<ref name="Fadloullah 1994 loc=36">{{Harvnb|Fadloullah|1994|loc=36}}.</ref>

In Finland, most Kurds arrived in the 1990s as Iraqi refugees.<ref>{{Harvnb|Wahlbeck|2005|loc=1004}}.</ref> [[Kurds in Finland]] have no great attachment to the Iraqi state because of their position as a persecuted minority. Thus, they feel more accepted and comfortable in Finland, many wanting to get rid of their Iraqi citizenship.<ref>{{Harvnb|Safran|2009|loc=86}}.</ref>

From 1994 to 1999, 43,759 Kurds entered Greece illegally and of the 9,797 who applied for asylum 524 were granted it.<ref>{{cite web |script-title=el:ΣΗΜΕΙΩΜΑ: Κούρδοι και Κουρδικό ζήτημα. |url=http://repository.costas-simitis.gr/sf-repository/bitstream/11649/20403/1/A1S5_ArthLogOmi_F73T11.pdf |access-date=17 April 2019 |language=el |date=4 March 1999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417093018/http://repository.costas-simitis.gr/sf-repository/bitstream/11649/20403/1/A1S5_ArthLogOmi_F73T11.pdf |archive-date=17 April 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===North America===
{{Main|Kurds in Canada|Kurds in the United States}}
In the United States, estimates of the Kurdish population vary from 15,000<ref name="USCensus">{{cite web |title=2006–2010 American Community Survey Selected Population Tables |url= http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_SF4_B01003&prodType=table |archive-url= https://archive.today/20200212214434/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_SF4_B01003&prodType=table |url-status= dead |archive-date= 12 February 2020 |work=FactFinder2.Census.gov |publisher=US Census Bureau |location=Washington, DC |access-date=5 August 2013}}</ref> to 20,000<ref>[http://www.institutkurde.org/en/kurdorama/ The Kurdish Diaspora]</ref> to 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wnpt.org/productions/nextdoorneighbors/kurds/fourwaves.html |title=Four Waves of Resettlement |access-date=2011-04-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217032654/http://www.wnpt.org/productions/nextdoorneighbors/kurds/fourwaves.html |archive-date=2011-02-17 }}</ref> During the 1991 [[Persian Gulf War]], about 10,000 Iraqi refugees were admitted to the United States, most of which were Kurds and [[Shiites]] who had assisted or were sympathisers of the U.S. –led war.<ref>{{Harvnb|Powell|2005|loc=151}}.</ref> [[History of the Kurds in Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville, Tennessee]] has the nation's largest population of Kurdish people, with an estimated 8,000–11,000. There are also Kurds in [[Southern California]], [[Los Angeles]], [[San Diego]], and [[Dallas, Texas]].<ref name="Kelley Friedlander & Colby 1993 loc=156">{{Harvnb|Kelley|Friedlander|Colby|1993|loc=156}}</ref>

In [[Canada]], the Kurdish community  is 11,685<ref name="canada2011" >{{cite web|title=2011 National Household Survey: Data tables|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=0&PID=105396&PRID=0&PTYPE=105277&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2013&THEME=95&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF|work=Statistics of Canada|access-date=19 January 2013}}</ref> based on the Canadian Census 2011, among which the [[Kurds in Iraq|Iraqi Kurds]] make up the largest group of Kurds in Canada, exceeding the numbers of Kurds from [[Turkey]], [[Iran]] and [[Syria]]. Kurdish immigration was largely the result of the [[Iran–Iraq War]], the [[Gulf War]] and [[Syrian Civil War]]. Thus, many Iraqi Kurds immigrated to Canada due to the constant wars and suppression of Kurds and Shiites by the Iraqi government.<ref>{{Harvnb|Powell|2005|loc=152}}.</ref>

===Oceania===

In [[Australia]], Kurdish migrants first arrived in the second half of the 1960s, mainly from [[Turkey]].<ref name="Jupp 2001 loc=550">{{Harvnb|Jupp|2001|loc=550}}.</ref> However, in the late 1970s families from [[Syria]] and [[Lebanon]] were also present in Australia.<ref name="Jupp 2001 loc=550"/> Since the second half of the 1980s, the majority of Kurds arriving in Australia have been from Iraq and Iran; many of them were accepted under the Humanitarian Programme.<ref name="Jupp 2001 loc=550"/> However, Kurds from Lebanon, Armenia and Georgia have also migrated to Australia. The majority live in [[Melbourne]] and [[Sydney]].<ref name="Jupp 2001 loc=550"/>

===Japan===
{{main|Kurds in Japan}}

The Japanese government has not granted refugee status. While 3,415 Kurds have so far applied for refugee status, none has yet received it.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/09/03/national/japans-kurds-often-limbo-despite-significant-community/#.Vi2nMStGQrd|title=Japan's Kurds often in limbo, despite significant community – The Japan Times|work=The Japan Times|date=3 September 2015|access-date=8 November 2015}}</ref>

==Statistics by country==
[[File:European countries with official Kurdish population.svg|200px|right|thumb|European countries which have official statistics on their Kurdish population.<br>Dark green: Ethnicity statistics<br>Cyan: First language statistics<br>Light green: Other official measures]]

===Autochthonous community===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 75%; height: 14em;"
|-
! [[List of sovereign states|Country]] !! Official figures or estimates !! Official figures in % !! Further information
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}} || {{nts|13,200,000}} <small>(1993 [[Minority Rights Group International|MRGI]] estimate)</small><ref name="mrgi1993" /><br>{{nts|14,700,000}} <small>(2017 [[Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]] estimate)</small><ref name="cfr" /> || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || [[Kurds in Turkey]]
|-
| {{flag|Iran}} || {{nts|6,100,000}} <small>(1993 [[Minority Rights Group International|MRGI]] estimate)</small><ref name="mrgi1993" /><br>{{nts|8,100,000}} <small>(2017 [[Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]] estimate)</small><ref name="cfr" >{{cite web |title=The Time of the Kurds |url=https://www.cfr.org/interactives/time-kurds#!/?cid=soc-at-the_time_of_the_kurds-infoguide |publisher=CFR |access-date=2 August 2018 |date=4 October 2017}}</ref> ||  {{nts|0}} {{N/A}}  || [[Kurds in Iran]]
|-
| {{flag|Iraq}} ||  {{nts|4,400,000}} <small>(1993 [[Minority Rights Group International|MRGI]] estimate)</small><ref name="mrgi1993" /><br>{{nts|5,450,000}} <small>(2015 [[European Parliamentary Research Service|EPRS]] estimate)</small><ref>{{cite web|year=2015|title=Minorities in Iraq Pushed to the brink of existence|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2015/548988/EPRS_BRI(2015)548988_REV1_EN.pdf|publisher=[[European Parliamentary Research Service]]|pages=3–4|access-date=2 August 2018}}</ref>   ||{{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || [[Kurds in Iraq]]
|-
| {{flag|Syria}} || {{nts|1,100,000}} <small>(1993 [[Minority Rights Group International|MRGI]] estimate)</small><ref name="mrgi1993" >{{cite CiteSeerX |author1=David McDowall |title=Minority Rights Group International Report – The Kurds |page=7 |date=1996|citeseerx=10.1.1.636.6919 }}</ref><br>{{nts|2,500,000}} <small>(2011 [[Minority Rights Group International|MRGI]] estimate)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=Syria – Kurds |url=http://minorityrights.org/minorities/kurds-5/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002035749/http://minorityrights.org/minorities/kurds-5/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 October 2015 |access-date=2 August 2018}}</ref> ||{{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || [[Kurds in Syria]]
|}

===Transcaucasus===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 80%; height: 14em;"
|-
! [[List of sovereign states|Country]] !! Official figures !! Official figures in % !! Further information
|-
| {{flag|Armenia}} || {{nts|56,127}} <small>([[Census in Armenia|1989 census]])</small><ref>{{in lang|ru}} [http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=13 The All-Union Population Census of 1989] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104081804/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=13 |date=2012-01-04 }}. ''Demoscope.ru''</ref><br>{{nts|37,470}} <small>(2011 census){{ref|Armenia number|d}}</small><br>32,742 <small>(2021 census)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=The Main Results of RA Census 2022 |url=https://www.armstat.am/en/?nid=82&id=2623 |access-date=22 September 2024 |website=}}</ref>
| {{Pct |56127 | 3304776| 1 }}<br>{{Pct |37470 | 3018854| 1 }}<br>{{Pct |32742| 2932731| 1 }}
| [[Kurds in Armenia]]
{| class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; font-size:88%; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"
|-
!Provinces<ref>{{cite web|title=Armenia ethnicity 2011|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/armenia-ethnic2011.htm}}</ref>
!(2011)
|-
|[[Armavir Province]]||17,063<ref>{{cite web|script-title=hy:ՀՀ Արմավիրի մարզ, մշտական բնակչություն|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99481488.pdf|work=Statistics of Armenia|access-date=27 May 2014|language=hy}}</ref>
|-
|[[Aragatsotn Province]]||7,090<ref>{{cite web|script-title=hy:ՀՀ Արագածոտնի մարզ, մշտական բնակչություն|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99480788.pdf|work=Statistics of Armenia|access-date=27 May 2014|language=hy}}</ref>
|-
|[[Ararat Province]]||5,001<ref>{{cite web|script-title=hy:ՀՀ Արարատի մարզ, մշտական բնակչությունի|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99481128.pdf|work=Statistics of Armenia|access-date=27 May 2014|language=hy}}</ref>
|-
|[[Yerevan]]||3,361<ref>{{cite web|script-title=hy:ք. Երևան, մշտական բնակչություն|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99483738.pdf|work=Statistics of Armenia|access-date=27 May 2014|language=hy}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kotayk Province]]||3,305<ref>{{cite web|script-title=hy:ՀՀ Կոտայքի մարզ, մշտական բնակչություն|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99482343.pdf|work=Statistics of Armenia|access-date=24 July 2014|language=hy}}</ref>
|-
|[[Shirak Province]]||763<ref>{{cite web|script-title=hy:ՀՀ Շիրակի մարզ, մշտական բնակչություն|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99485608.pdf|work=Statistics of Armenia|access-date=27 May 2014|language=hy}}</ref>
|-
|[[Lori Province]]||663<ref>{{cite web|script-title=hy:ՀՀ Լոռու մարզ, մշտական բնակչություն|url=http://armstat.am/file/doc/99482683.pdf|work=Statistics of Armenia|access-date=27 May 2014|language=hy}}</ref>
|-
|[[Gegharkunik Province]]||144
|-
|[[Tavush Province]]||44
|-
|[[Syunik Province]]||26
|-
|[[Vayots Dzor Province]]||10
|-
|}
|-
| {{flag|Azerbaijan}} || {{nts|41,193}} <small>(1926 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Всесоюзная перепись населения 1926 года. Национальный состав населения по регионам республик СССР |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_26.php?reg=2275 |access-date=30 October 2014 |language=ru |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210090501/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_26.php?reg=2275 |archive-date= 10 February 2012 }}</ref><br>{{nts|6,065}} <small>(2009 census)</small>{{ref|Azerbaijan number|b}} || {{Pct | 41193| 2314571| 1 }}<br>{{Pct | 6065|8922447 | 1 }} || [[Kurds in Azerbaijan]]
{| class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; font-size:88%; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"
|-
![[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|Administrative Divisions]]
!(2009)<ref name="azerbaijan2009" >{{cite web|title=Ethnic composition of Azerbaijan|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/azerbaijan-ethnic2009.htm|work=pop-stat.mashke.org|access-date=28 May 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[Lachin District]]||1,194
|-
|[[Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic]]||1,321
|-
|[[Samukh District]]||753
|-
|[[Khachmaz District]]||603
|-
|[[Ismailli District]]||498
|-
|[[Yevlakh District]]||210
|-
|[[Baku]]||185
|-
|[[Goranboy District]]||102
|-
|[[Qazakh District]]||100
|-
|[[Agstafa District]]||68
|-
|[[Kalbajar District]]||38
|-
|[[Goygol District]]||34
|-
|[[Ganja, Azerbaijan|Ganja]]||31
|-
|[[Absheron District]]||27
|-
|[[Tartar District]]||27
|-
|[[Shaki District]]||26
|-
|[[Shamkir District]]||22
|-
|[[Oghuz District]]||21
|-
|[[Aghjabadi District]]||18
|-
|[[Lankaran District]]||14
|-
|[[Zangilan District]]||14
|-
|[[Salyan District, Azerbaijan|Salyan District]]||9
|-
|[[Sumqayit]]||9
|-
|[[Dashkasan District]]||8
|-
|[[Mingachevir]]||7
|-
|[[Shusha District]]||3
|-
|[[Gadabay District]]||1
|-
|}
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}} || {{nts|33,331}} <small>(1989 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года. Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=6 |access-date=30 October 2014 |language=ru |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173810/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=6 |archive-date= 3 March 2016 }}</ref><br>{{nts|20,843}} <small>(2002 census)</small><ref name="georgia" >{{cite web|title=Ethnic Groups of Georgia: Censuses 1926 – 2002|url=http://www.ecmicaucasus.org/upload/stats/Censuses%201926-2002.pdf|access-date=24 July 2014|archive-date=22 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122111623/http://www.ecmicaucasus.org/upload/stats/Censuses%201926-2002.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><br>{{nts|13,770}} <small>(2014 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=2014 General Population Census Main Results|url=http://www.geostat.ge/cms/site_images/_files/english/population/Census_release_ENG_2016.pdf|access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ethnic Composition of Georgia 1926–2014|url=http://csem.ge/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Infographics-Ethnic-Composition-of-Georgia-1926-2014.pdf|access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref> || {{Pct |33331 | 5400841| 1 }}<br>{{Pct |20843 | 4371535| 1 }}<br>{{Pct |13770 | 3713804| 1 }}|| [[Kurds in Georgia]]
{| class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; font-size:88%; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"
|-
![[Administrative divisions of Georgia (country)|Administrative divisions]]
!(2014)<ref>{{cite web|title=Ethnic groups of Georgia – map|url=http://csem.ge/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/ethnic_groups_of_georgia.jpg|publisher=CSEM|access-date=25 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
|[[Tbilisi]]||12,570
|-
|[[Kakheti]]||528
|-
|[[Kvemo Kartli]]||453
|-
|[[Adjara]]||81
|-
|[[Mtskheta-Mtianeti]]||74
|-
|[[Guria]]||17
|-
|[[Imereti]]||6
|-
|[[Shida Kartli]]||4
|-
|[[Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti]]||1
|-
|[[Samtskhe-Javakheti]]||1
|-
|}
|-
| {{flag|Artsakh}} ||{{nts|16}} <small>(2015 census, ethnicity)</small><ref name="Artsakh2015" >{{cite web |script-title=ru:Таблица 5.2-1 Население (городское, сельское) по национальности, полу |url=http://stat-nkr.am/files/publications/2016/Mardahamar_2015_rus/MAS_2/5_2-1_189_190.pdf |access-date=31 July 2018 |language=ru |archive-date=10 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110010725/http://stat-nkr.am/files/publications/2016/Mardahamar_2015_rus/MAS_2/5_2-1_189_190.pdf%20 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br>{{nts|38}} <small>(2015 census, mother tongue)</small><ref name="Artsakh2015" /> || {{Pct | 16| 145053| 1 }}||
|-
| {{flag|Abkhazia}} ||{{nts|29}} <small>(1989 census)</small><ref>{{cite web |script-title=ru:Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года.|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/resp_nac_89.php?reg=65 |access-date=2 August 2018 |language=ru}}</ref> || {{Pct | 29| 525061| 1 }}||
|-
| {{flag|South Ossetia}} ||{{nts|2}} <small>(1989 census)</small><ref>{{cite web |title= Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года.|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/resp_nac_89.php?reg=67 |access-date=2 August 2018}}</ref><br>{{nts|1}} <small>(2015 census)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=4.5. Национальности или их самоназвания по самоопределению населения По республике южная осетия |url=http://ugosstat.ru/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Itogi-perepisi-RYUO.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142528/http://ugosstat.ru/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Itogi-perepisi-RYUO.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 June 2018 |page=128|access-date=2 August 2018 |language=ru}}</ref> || {{Pct | 1| 98527 | 1 }}<br>{{Pct | 1| 53532| 1 }}||
|}

===Europe===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; height: 14em;"
|-
! [[List of sovereign states|Country]] !! Official figures or estimates !! Official figures in %  !! Further information
|-
| {{flag|Germany}} || {{nts|500,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip1993" /><br>{{nts|850,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>1,200,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=5 January 2023 |title=Diaspora Kurde |url=https://www.institutkurde.org/info/diaspora-kurde-1232550920 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240820135025/https://www.institutkurde.org/info/diaspora-kurde-1232550920 |archive-date=20 August 2024 |access-date=22 September 2024 |language=fr}}</ref>
|{{nts|0}} {{N/A}} ||  [[Kurds in Germany]]
|-
| {{flag|France}} || {{nts|60,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref>{{cite journal |title=L'identité ethnique kurde en France. L'identité kurde s'est lentement construite au cours de l'histoire |journal=Journal des anthropologues |date=1993 |volume=52 |page=33 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jda_1156-0428_1993_num_52_1_1767 |access-date=1 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="kip1993" >{{cite journal |last1=Rigoni |first1=Isabelle |title=Les mobilisations des Kurdes en Europe |journal=Revue Européenne des Migrations Internationales |date=1998 |volume=14 |issue=3 |page=204 |doi=10.3406/remi.1998.1654 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/remi_0765-0752_1998_num_14_3_1654 |access-date=1 August 2018 |language=fr-FR |issn=0765-0752}}</ref><br>{{nts|230,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" >{{cite web |title=Diaspora Kurde (2016) |url=http://www.institutkurde.org:80/kurdorama |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916130036/http://www.institutkurde.org/kurdorama |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 September 2016 |access-date=1 August 2018 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><br>320,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
| {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || [[Kurds in France]]
|-
| {{flag|Netherlands}} ||{{nts|30,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip1993" /><br>{{nts|100,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>120,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
| {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || [[Kurds in the Netherlands]]
|-
| {{flag|Sweden}} || {{nts|15,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip1993" /><br>{{nts|85,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>120,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
|{{nts|0}} {{N/A}} ||  [[Kurds in Sweden]]
|-
| {{flag|Russia}} || {{nts|50,701}} <small>([[2021 Russian census|2021 census]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnic composition: 2021 census (data for regions) |url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/russia-ethnic2021.htm |access-date=7 July 2023}}</ref></small>|| {{Pct |50701|144699673| 1 }}|| [[Kurds in Russia]]
|-
| {{flag|Austria}} ||  {{nts|25,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip1993" /><br>{{nts|80,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>85,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
| {{nts|0}} {{N/A}}  || {{nts|2,133}} <small>(2001 census, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Bevölkerung 2001 nach Umgangssprache, Staatsangehörigkeit und Geburtsland|url=https://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/menschen_und_gesellschaft/bevoelkerung/volkszaehlungen_registerzaehlungen_abgestimmte_erwerbsstatistik/bevoelkerung_nach_demographischen_merkmalen/022896.html|work=Statistics of Austria|access-date=11 January 2018|language=de}}</ref>
|-
| {{flag|Belgium}}  ||  {{nts|12,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip1993" /><br>{{nts|70,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>90,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
| {{nts|0}} {{N/A}}  || [[Kurds in Belgium]]
|-
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} || {{nts|93174}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2022 |title=Ethnic group (detailed) |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS022/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/ecebec14-3a4c-4504-be1b-ca4a7b05d456 |access-date=7 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Main statistics |url=https://www.nisra.gov.uk/statistics/2021-census/results/main-statistics |access-date=7 July 2023}}</ref> <small>([[2021 United Kingdom census|2021 census]], excludes Scotland)</small><br>{{nts|66677}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2022 |title=Main language (detailed) |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS024/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/0b9d81ec-3085-4ac9-9faa-95ab57b63232#get-data |access-date=7 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> <small>(2021 census, Kurdish speakers, excludes Scotland)</small>|| {{Pct |49841 |63181775 | 1 }} || [[Kurds in the United Kingdom]]
|-
| {{flag|Greece}} ||  {{nts|1,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip1993" /><br>{{nts|40,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>40,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
|{{nts|0}} {{N/A}} ||  [[Kurds in Greece]] 
|-
| {{flag|Norway}} ||  {{nts|2,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip1993" /><br>{{nts|25,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>30,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
| {{nts|0}} {{N/A}}  || {{nts|7,100}} <small>(2013 official estimate, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Minoritetsspråk i Norge En kartlegging av eksisterende datakilder og drøfting av ulike fremgangsmåter for statistikk om språk|url=https://www.ssb.no/utdanning/artikler-og-publikasjoner/_attachment/100940?_ts=13d3a8c3cf0|website=Statistics of Norway|access-date=14 February 2018}}</ref><br>[[Kurds in Norway]]
|-
| {{flag|Denmark}} || {{nts|12,000}} <small>(1993 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip1993" /><br>{{nts|25,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>25,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
| {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || [[Kurds in Denmark]]
|-
| {{flag|Italy}} ||  {{nts|25,000}} <small>(2016 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name="kip2016" /><br>25,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
| {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || –
|-
| {{flag|Switzerland}} || {{nts|14,699}} <small>(2012 statistics, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Population résidante permanente de 15 ans et plus, ayant comme langue principale: kurde, en 2012|url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Population_r%C3%A9sidante_permanente_de_15_ans_et_plus%2C_ayant_comme_langue_principale%3B_kurde%2C_en_2012.pdf|work=Statistics of Switzerland|access-date=28 May 2014}}</ref><br>{{nts|19,401}} <small>(2015 statistics, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Les langues principales les plus fréquentes de la population résidente permanente âgée de 15 ans ou plus, 2015|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CH_-_Les_langues_principales_les_plus_fr%C3%A9quentes_de_la_population_r%C3%A9sidente_permanente_%C3%A2g%C3%A9e_de_15_ans_ou_plus,_2015.pdf|access-date=13 January 2018}}</ref><br>90,000 <small>(2023 [[Kurdish Institute of Paris|KIP]] estimate)</small><ref name=":1" />
| {{Pct | 14699|6662333 | 1 }}<br>{{Pct | 19401|6907818| 1 }} || [[Kurds in Switzerland]]
|-
| {{flag|Finland}} || {{nts|4,340}} <small>(2003 annual statistics, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref name="finland2020" /><br>{{nts|17,270}} <small>(2003 annual statistics, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref name="finland2020">{{cite web |title=11rl – Language according to age and sex by region, 1990–2022 |url=https://pxdata.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11rl.px |access-date=7 July 2023 |publisher=Statistics Finland}}</ref>|| {{Pct |4340|5219732| 1 }}<br>{{Pct |17270|5603851| 1 }}||[[Kurds in Finland]]
|-
| {{flag|Romania}} || {{nts|3,000}} <small>(2006 estimate)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Ethnocultural Diversity Resource Center|url=http://www.edrc.ro/docs/docs/necunoscutii_2006_final.pdf|access-date=16 February 2014|page=36|language=ro|year=2006}}</ref> || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} ||[[Kurds in Romania]]
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}}<br> || {{nts|2,088}} <small>([[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 census]])</small><ref name="ukraine" >{{cite news|title=The distribution of the population by nationality and mother tongue|url=http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/nationality_population/nationality_1/s5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=60&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20&n_page=4|access-date=9 July 2012|work= [[Ukrainian Census (2001)]]}}</ref><br>{{nts|302}} <small>([[Crimean Federal District Census (2014)|2014 Crimean census]])</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Crimea (occupied by Russia) – Ethnic composition: 2014 census|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/rk-gfzs-ethnic2014.htm|access-date=4 February 2018}}</ref> ||  {{Pct |2088 |48457100 | 1 }} ||[[Kurds in Ukraine]]
{| class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; font-size:88%;"
|-
![[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblasts]]
!(2001)<ref name="ukraine" />
|-
|{{flag|Luhansk Oblast}}||470
|-
|{{flag|Crimea}}||394
|-
|{{flag|Kherson Oblast}}||296
|-
|{{flag|Kyiv}}||199
|-
|{{flag|Odesa Oblast}}||132
|-
|{{flag|Mykolaiv Oblast}}||119
|-
|{{flag|Dnipropetrovsk Oblast}}||116
|-
|{{flag|Zaporizhia Oblast}}||84
|-
|{{flag|Kirovohrad Oblast}}||68
|-
|{{flag|Kharkiv Oblast}}||46
|-
|{{flag|Kyiv Oblast}}||40
|-
|{{flag|Donetsk Oblast}}||36
|-
|{{flag|Khmelnytskyi Oblast}}||19
|-
|{{flag|Cherkasy Oblast}}||15
|-
|{{flag|Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast}}||11
|-
|{{flag|Vinnytsia Oblast}}||10
|-
|{{flag|Lviv Oblast}}||7
|-
|{{flag|Ternopil Oblast}}||7
|-
|{{flag|Chernihiv Oblast}}||6
|-
|{{flag|Zhytomyr Oblast}}||4
|-
|{{flag|Sevastopol}}||3
|-
|{{flag|Poltava Oblast}}||2
|-
|{{flag|Rivne Oblast}}||2
|-
|{{flag|Sumy Oblast}}||2
|-
|}
|-
| {{flag|Cyprus}} || {{nts|1,500}} <small>(2006 estimate)</small><ref>{{cite news |script-title=el:Σκοπιμότητες πίσω από την απογραφή στα Κατεχόμενα |url=https://www.rizospastis.gr/story.do?id=3352309 |access-date=24 April 2019 |date=2 May 2006 |language=el}}</ref> || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} ||
|-
| {{flag|Spain}} ||  {{nts|1,500}} <small>(2012 estimate)</small><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Carmen Gómez Martín |title=Transnacionalismo y redes económicas migrantes. El caso del kebab kurdo |journal=El Codesarrollo a Debate |date=2012 |pages=113–124 |language=es}}</ref> || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}}  ||
|-
| {{flag|Ireland}} || {{nts|818}} <small>(2016 census, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Population Usually Resident and Present in the State who Speak a Language other than English or Irish at Home 2011 to 2016 by Birthplace, Language Spoken, Age Group and Census Year|url=http://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=EY025&PLanguage=0|publisher=Central Statistics Office|access-date=26 December 2017}}</ref>||   {{Pct |818 |4757976  |1 }} || 
{| class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; font-size:88%;"
|-
![[Counties of the Republic of Ireland|Counties]]
!(2016)<ref>{{cite web|title=EY026: Population Usually Resident and Present in the State who Speak a Language other than English or Irish at Home 2011 to 2016 by County and City, Language Spoken and CensusYear|url=http://www.cso.ie/px/pxeirestat/Statire/SelectVarVal/Define.asp?maintable=EY026&PLanguage=0|publisher=Central Statistics Office|access-date=27 December 2017}}</ref>
|-
|[[South Dublin]]||164
|-
|[[Fingal]]||141
|-
|[[Dublin|Dublin City]]||102
|-
|[[County Leitrim|Leitrim]]||89
|-
|[[Westmeath]]||56
|-
|[[County Sligo|Sligo]]||43
|-
|[[Cork City]]||40
|-
|[[Galway City]]||30
|-
|[[Limerick City]] and [[Limerick County]]||26
|-
|[[Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown ]]||26
|-
|[[Cork County]]||16
|-
|[[Louth County|Louth]]||14
|-
|[[County Kildare|Kildare County]]||13
|-
|[[Longford County]]||9
|-
|[[Waterford City]] and [[Waterford County]]||9
|-
|[[County Kilkenny|Kilkenny]]||8
|-
|[[County Meath|Meath]]||7
|-
|[[County Wicklow|Wicklow]]||5
|-
|[[County Clare|Clare]]||4
|-
|[[County Laois|Laois]]||3
|-
|[[County Wexford|Wexford]]||3
|-
|[[County Kerry|Kerry]]||3
|-
|[[County Mayo|Mayo]]||2
|-
|[[County Donegal|Donegal]]||2
|-
|[[County Offaly]]||1
|-
|[[County Tipperary|Tipperary]]||1
|-
|[[County Roscommon|Roscommon]]||1
|}
|-
|{{flag|Luxembourg}}
|{{nts|307}} <small>(2021 statistics, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=Linguistic Diversity on the Rise |url=https://statistiques.public.lu/dam-assets/recensement/publication-8/docs/rp08-diversity-linguistic-en.pdf |access-date=30 May 2024 |page=6}}</ref>
|
|
|-
| {{flag|Poland}} || {{nts|224}} <small>(2011 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Tabl. 28. ludność według rodzaju i złożoności identyfikacji narodowo- -etnicznych w 2011 roku |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/LUD_ludnosc_stan_str_dem_spo_NSP2011.pdf|work=Glowny Urzad Statysty|language=pl|date=17 January 2014}}</ref> || {{Pct |224 | 38511824| 2 }}  || —
|-
| {{flag|Hungary}} || {{nts|291}} <small>(2001 census)</small><br>{{nts|149}} <small>(2011 census)</small>  ||  {{Pct |149| 9937628| 2 }}  || — 
|-
| {{flag|Moldova}} || {{nts|130}} <small>(2017 statistics)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Distribution of immigrants by nationality and purpose of arrival, 1993–2016|url=http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/pxweb/en/20%20Populatia%20si%20procesele%20demografice/20%20Populatia%20si%20procesele%20demografice__POP070/POP070300.px/?rxid=b2ff27d7-0b96-43c9-934b-42e1a2a9a774|publisher=Statistics of Moldova|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref>|| {{Pct | 130 | 3553056| 2 }}|| — 
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}} || {{nts|126}} <small>(2009 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь |url=http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/5.11-0.pdf |work=Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь |access-date=1 August 2012 |language=ru |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018221300/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/5.11-0.pdf |archive-date=October 18, 2013 }}</ref> ||  {{Pct | 126 |9503807 | 1 }}  || — 
|-
| {{flag|Latvia}} || {{nts|33}} <small>(2023 statistics)</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=Population by ethnicity at the beginning of year – Ethnicity and Time period |url=https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/en/OSP_PUB/START__POP__IR__IRE/IRE010?s=serb& |access-date=20 August 2022 |website=National Statistical System of Latvia}}</ref>|| {{Pct |33|1871882| 1 }}|| — 
|-
| {{flag|Bulgaria}} || {{nts|128}} <small>(1992 census)</small><ref name="Bulgaria" >{{cite journal |author1=Димитър Аркадиев |title=Списък на етническите названия и брой на лицата, принадлежащи към съответния етнос, отразени в публикациите от преброяванията на населението в България по години |journal=Population Review of the Center for Population Studies |date=2006 |volume=3 |issue=4 |page=12 |language=bg |issn=0205-0617}}</ref><br>{{nts|147}}<small> (2001 census)</small><ref name="Bulgaria" /><br>{{nts|105}} <small>(2011 census)</small><ref name="Bulgaria" /> ||  {{Pct |105 | 7364570| 2 }}  || — 
|-
| {{flag|Czech Republic}} || {{nts|222}} <small>(2021 census)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=Ethnic composition: 2021 census |url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/czechia-ethnic2021-1or2ethn.htm |access-date=4 July 2022}}</ref>|| {{Pct |222 | 10524167  | 2 }}  || — 
|-
| {{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}  || {{nts|28}} <small>(2013 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=1. Stanovništvo prema etničkoj/nacionalnoj pripadnosti – detaljna klasifikacija|url=http://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2|access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref> || {{Pct | 28 | 3531159| 2 }} || —
|-
| {{flag|Estonia}} || {{nts|23}} <small>(2011 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=PCE04: ENUMERATED PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY ETHNIC NATIONALITY AND SEX, 31 DECEMBER 2011|url=http://pub.stat.ee/px-web.2001/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=PCE04&lang=1|publisher=pub.stat.ee|access-date=9 November 2012}}</ref><br>{{nts|50}} <small>(2021 census)</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=RL21428: POPULATION BY ETHNIC NATIONALITY, SEX AND PLACE OF RESIDENCE (SETTLEMENT REGION), 31 DECEMBER 2021 |url=https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat/rahvaloendus__rel2021__rahvastiku-demograafilised-ja-etno-kultuurilised-naitajad__rahvus-emakeel/RL21428 |access-date=2 July 2022 |website=Statistics Estonia}}</ref>
| {{Pct | 23 |1294236 | 1 }} || — 
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}} || <{{nts|12}} <small>(2011 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|script-title=sr:"Остали" етничке заједнице са мање од 2000 припадника и двојако изјашњени|url=http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/userFiles/file/Aktuelnosti/Etnicke_zajednice_sa_manje_od_2000_pripadnika_i_dvojako_izjasnjeni.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614162726/http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/userFiles/file/Aktuelnosti/Etnicke_zajednice_sa_manje_od_2000_pripadnika_i_dvojako_izjasnjeni.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 June 2017|publisher=Statistics of Serbia|access-date=16 March 2014|language=sr}}</ref> || {{Pct | 12 |7186862| 1 }} || — 
|-
| {{flag|Lithuania}} || {{nts|5}} <small>(2001 census)</small><ref>{{cite report |title=Gyventojai pagal lyti, amziu, tautybe, ir tikyba. 2001 Surasymas|date=2002|page=189|url=http://osp.stat.gov.lt/services-portlet/pub-edition-file?id=3037|access-date=13 March 2017}}</ref><br>{{nts|25}} <small>(2010 asylum seekers by ethnicity)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=Metinė ataskaita 2010 – Migracijos departamentas |url=http://migracija.lrv.lt/uploads/migracija/documents/files/Statistika/Prieglobstis/Metin%C4%97s%20ataskaitos/2010_PRS_ataskaita.pdf|access-date=13 January 2019 |language=lt}}</ref><br>{{nts|29}} <small>(2011 asylum seekers by ethnicity)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=2011 metais – Migracijos departamentas |url=http://migracija.lrv.lt/uploads/migracija/documents/files/Statistika/Prieglobstis/Metin%C4%97s%20ataskaitos/2011_PRS_ataskaita.pdf |access-date=13 January 2019 |page=23}}</ref><br>{{nts|8}} <small>(2012 asylum seekers by ethnicity)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=2012 metais – Migracijos departamentas |url=https://www.migracija.lt/get_file.php?file=eW1hWW5wbWRiNlZteDhiZGNXYklyNXFXbVpYR2twcWJtdExJMTJqWWFNeWRwWlNmYVdOd3NHdlp4OXFiWnA2bGxwcVltc1NseFpURnhzek5hYzVxeEpscWttZWFvWjZpbE1tVjFYQ1l5WnZEbXBpZGw1VERZc1hRblpPVTBXckNtWjJZb1pxZ21wNXExWldTYks2Y25wdWFtSiUyQlptTU9tdzVMTXltTE5iOCUyRkhuTUpwYldweGFtYVV5WkZ3cDhtY3hKZkdic09EbTRYRHRwZUVsTVdZMTVtWXc2dHRuNXlhbGN1YTEzS1l5VmlUWTVSangyU1paWnJDeXJDWHVHNlJ5YWVabkppYW1uU1VuWmMlM0Q= |access-date=13 January 2019 }}{{dead link|date=December 2019}}</ref><br>{{nts|3}} <small>(2013 asylum seekers by ethnicity)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=2013 metais – Migracijos departamentas |url=http://migracija.lrv.lt/uploads/migracija/documents/files/Statistika/Prieglobstis/Metin%C4%97s%20ataskaitos/2013_PRS_ataskaita.pdf|access-date=13 January 2019 }}</ref> ||0% || — 
|-
| {{flag|Croatia}} || {{nts|8}} <small>(2011 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=1. Population by ethnicity – detailed classification, 2011 census|url=http://web.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/census2011/results/htm/e01_01_05/E01_01_05.html|publisher=Statistics of Croatia|access-date=29 May 2014|quote=Kurds (ethnicity) – 8 persons Mother tongue Kurdish – 4 persons}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=3. Population by mother tongue – detailed classification, 2011 census|url=http://web.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/census2011/results/htm/e01_01_09/E01_01_09.html|publisher=Statistics of Croatia|access-date=29 May 2014|quote=Kurds (ethnicity) – 8 persons Mother tongue Kurdish – 4 persons}}</ref> ||  {{Pct | 8| 4284889 | 1 }} || — 
|}

===Middle East===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! [[List of sovereign states|Country]] !! Est. population !! Further information
|-
| {{flag|Lebanon}} || approx. {{nts|294,000}} <small>(2017 estimate)</small><ref name="lb" >{{cite web|title=Lebanon – Languages|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/lb/languages|publisher=Ethnologue|access-date=29 April 2019}}</ref>|| [[Kurds in Lebanon]]
|-
| {{flag|Israel}} || approx. {{nts|200,000}} <small>([[History of the Jews in Kurdistan|Jews from Kurdistan]])</small><ref>{{cite news|title=Why Israel must help the Kurds in Iraq|url=http://972mag.com/why-israel-must-help-the-kurds-in-iraq/96190/|access-date=9 July 2015|date=1 September 2014}}</ref> || [[Kurdish Jews in Israel|Kurds in Israel]]
|-
| {{flag|Bahrain}} || approx. {{nts|44,600}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Bahrain – Ethnologue|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/bh|access-date=11 March 2018}}</ref> || —
|-
| {{flag|Jordan}} || approx. {{nts|30,000}} <small>(2012 estimate)</small><ref>{{cite web|title=Language and Cultural Shift Among the Kurds of Jordan|url=http://www.linguistics.fi/julkaisut/SKY2010/Al-Khatib_Al-Ali_netti.pdf|access-date=7 January 2012|author=Mahmoud A. Al-Khatib and Mohammed N. Al-Ali|page=12}}</ref> || [[Kurds in Jordan]]
|-
| {{flag|Kuwait}} ||  approx. {{nts|5,000}} <small>(1991 estimate)</small><ref>{{cite news|title=Kurds in Kuwait Also Are Treated Harshly : Ethnic conflict: Many have been prevented from returning to their jobs, and some have disappeared.|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-11-mn-321-story.html|access-date=7 October 2012|newspaper=New York Times|date=11 April 1991|first=Kim|last=Murphy}}</ref> || —
|}

===Asia===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 90%; height: 14em;"
|-
! [[List of sovereign states|Country]] !! Official figures  !! Official figures in % !! Est. population !! Further information
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}} || {{nts|48642}} <small>(2022 annual statistics)</small><ref name="KZ2019">{{cite web |title=Ethnic composition of Kazakhstan 2022 |url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/kazakhstan-ethnic2022.htm |access-date=7 July 2023}}</ref>|| {{Pct |47948|18879552| 1 }}|| —||[[Kurds in Kazakhstan]]
|-
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} || {{nts|13,171}} <small>(2009 census)</small><ref name="kyrgyzstan">{{cite web|title=4.1. Number of resident population by selected nationality |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_phc/Kyrgyzstan/A5-2PopulationAndHousingCensusOfTheKyrgyzRepublicOf2009.pdf |work=Government of Kyrgyzstan |publisher=United Nations |access-date=9 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120710092216/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/Kyrgyzstan/A5-2PopulationAndHousingCensusOfTheKyrgyzRepublicOf2009.pdf |archive-date=10 July 2012 }}</ref><ref name=kyrgcensus09>{{cite web |script-title=ru:Численность постоянного населения по национальностям |url=https://www.stat.gov.kg/media/files/9cd9d7ee-78f0-413e-885d-80f914049ebf.pdf |publisher=Statistics of Kyrgyzstan |access-date=1 February 2022 |language=ru|title=Statistical census – Resident population by nationality }}</ref> ||  {{Pct |13171| 5362793| 1 }} || — || 
{| class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; font-size:88%; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"
|-
![[Regions of Kyrgyzstan|Regions]]
!(2009)
|-
|[[Talas Region]]||5,547<ref name=kyrgcensus09/>
|-
|[[Chüy Region]]||4,544<ref name=kyrgcensus09/>
|-
|[[Jalal-Abad Region]]||1,902<ref name=kyrgcensus09/>
|-
|[[Bishkek]] city||489<ref>{{cite Kyrgyzstan census 2009|Bishkek|33}}</ref>
|-
|[[Osh Region]]||287<ref>{{cite Kyrgyzstan census 2009|Osh|51}}</ref>
|-
|[[Osh]] city||203<ref>{{cite Kyrgyzstan census 2009|Osh City|26}}</ref>
|-
|[[Batken Region]]||194<ref>{{cite Kyrgyzstan census 2009|Batken|47}}</ref>
|-
|[[Naryn Region]]||Not stated
|-
|[[Issyk-Kul Region]]||Not stated
|-
|}
|-
| {{flag|Turkmenistan}} || {{nts|4,387}} <small>(1989 census)</small><ref name="uzbek" /><br>{{nts|6,097}} <small>(1995 census)</small><ref name=turkmenistan>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Итоги всеобщей переписи населения Туркменистана по национальному составу в 1995 году.|url=http://asgabat.net/turkmenistan/itogi-vseobschei-perepisi-naselenija-turkmenistana-po-nacionalnomu-sostavu-v-1995-godu.html|work=asgabat.net|access-date=31 July 2012|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313015500/http://asgabat.net/turkmenistan/itogi-vseobschei-perepisi-naselenija-turkmenistana-po-nacionalnomu-sostavu-v-1995-godu.html|archive-date=2013-03-13|url-status=dead}}</ref>|| {{Pct | 6097|4437600 | 1 }} || —  || [[Kurds in Turkmenistan]]
{| class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; font-size:88%; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"
|-
![[Regions of Turkmenistan|Regions]]
!(1989)
|-
|Districts of Republican Subordination||2,272
|-
|[[Ashgabat]]||1,480
|-
|[[Mary Region]]||570
|-
|[[Daşoguz Region]]||36
|-
|[[Lebap Region]]||29
|-
|}
|-
| {{flag|Afghanistan}} || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || approx. {{nts|2,670}}<ref>"For more than four hundred years, the small Kurd community in Afghanistan has been far removed from its traditional homeland in northwestern Iran. During Persian rule in the 1500s, these Kurd were moved to their present location to serve as border guards against Turk and Mongol invaders. They have been there ever since. " {{cite web|title=The Kurdish of Afghanistan|url=http://kcm.co.kr/bethany_eng/p_code4/1016.html}}</ref>  || —
|-
| {{flag|Uzbekistan}} || {{nts|1,839}} <small>(1989 census)</small><ref name="uzbek">{{cite web|script-title=ru:Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года. Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=4 |publisher=Demoscope.ru |access-date=8 January 2012 |author=Demoscope |language=ru |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106212632/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=4 |archive-date= 6 January 2012 }}</ref> ||  {{Pct |1839 | 19810077| 1 }} || — || — 
|-
| {{flag|South Korea}} || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} ||  {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || approx. {{nts|1,000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Kurds in Korea launch ethnic fellowship; Group hopes to raise.|url=http://www.accessmyli,rary.com/article-1G1-100445671/kurds-korea-launch-ethnic.html|access-date=19 January 2013|newspaper=Asia Africa Intelligence Wire|date=21 April 2003}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> || —
|-
| {{flag|Japan}} || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} ||  {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || approx. {{nts|2,000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=なぜクルド人たちは埼玉県南部に集まるのか?|date=21 April 2016 |url=http://business.nikkeibp.co.jp/atcl/opinion/15/221102/042000211/|access-date=21 April 2018}}</ref> || [[Kurds in Japan]]
|-
| {{flag|Pakistan}} || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || {{nts|0}} {{N/A}} || approx. {{nts|240}}<ref name="Dawn">{{cite news|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1019505/iraqi-refugees-leading-an-uncertain-life|title=Iraqi refugees – leading an uncertain life|work=Dawn|date=20 June 2013|access-date=9 October 2014}}</ref> || [[Kurds in Pakistan]]
|-
| {{flag|Tajikistan}} || {{nts|7}} <small>(2010 census)</small><ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Национальный состав, владение языками и гражданство населения республики таджикистан|url=http://www.stat.tj/en/img/526b8592e834fcaaccec26a22965ea2b_1355502192.pdf|work=Statistics of Tajikistan|access-date=27 January 2013|page=9|language=ru, tg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116004155/http://stat.tj/en/img/526b8592e834fcaaccec26a22965ea2b_1355502192.pdf|archive-date=2013-01-16|url-status=dead}}</ref> ||  {{Pct |7 | 7564502| 1 }}  || — || —
|}

===Americas and Oceania===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 75%; height: 14em;"
|-
! [[List of sovereign states|Country]] !! Official figures  !! Official figures in % !! Further information
|-
| {{flag|United States}} || {{nts|28,152}} <small>(2016–2021 [[American Community Survey|ACS]])</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=DP05ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=kurdish&t=Race+and+Ethnicity |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref>||  {{Pct |20591 |316515021 | 1 }} || [[Kurdish Americans|Kurds in the United States]]
|-
| {{flag|Canada}} || {{nts|23,130}} <small>([[2021 Canadian census|2021 census]])</small><ref>{{cite web |date= 9 February 2022|title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population – Profile table |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?LANG=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&DGUIDlist=2021A000011124&HEADERlist=,31,32,30,,28,24,22,27,23,29,25,26,,33,34,1&SearchText=Canada |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><br>{{nts|19,185}} <small>(2021 census, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref>{{cite web |date=17 August 2022 |title=Mother tongue by geography, 2021 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/dv-vd/language-langue/index-en.html |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref>||  {{Pct |23130|36328475| 1 }}||| [[Kurdish Canadians|Kurds in Canada]]
|-
| {{flag|Australia}} || {{nts|10,171}} <small>([[2021 Australian census|2021 census]])</small><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2022 |title=Table 2 – Australian Bureau of Statistics |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-peoples/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-people-census/2021/Census%20article%20-%20Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20Strait%20Islander%20ancestries.xlsx |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref><br>{{nts|9,893}} <small>(2021 census, Kurdish speakers)</small><ref name="australia2016">{{cite web |title=SBS Australian Census Explorer |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/census-explorer-2021/index.html?lang=en&languages=kurdish&topic=cultural-diversity |access-date=8 July 2023}}</ref>||  {{Pct |10171|25422788| 1 }}<br>{{Pct |6199| 23401892| 1 }}  ||

|-
| {{flag|New Zealand}} || {{nts|927}} <small>(2018 census)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=2018 Census totals by topic – national highlights |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/2018-census-totals-by-topic-national-highlights-updated |publisher=Statistics of New Zealand |access-date=17 April 2020}}</ref>  || {{Pct | 927 | 4699755 | 1 }}  ||
|}

;Notes
:{{note|Azerbaijan number|b|Official Azerbaijani records claim only 6,065 Kurds in 2009,<ref name="azerbaijan2009" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Population by national and/or ethnic group, sex and urban/rural residence|url=http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=POP&f=tableCode:26|publisher=UN data|access-date=5 May 2015}}</ref> while Kurdish leaders estimate as much as 200,000. The problem is that the historical record of the Kurds in Azerbaijan is filled with lacunae.<ref>An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires, James Stuart Olson, Lee Brigance Pappas, Nicholas Charles Pappas, Greenwood Publishing Group, (1994), {{ISBN|0-313-27497-5}}, p.409</ref> For instance, in 1979 there was according to the census no Kurds recorded.<ref name="th">The Kurds: A Contemporary Overview, Philip G. Kreyenbroek, Stefan Sperl, Routledge, {{ISBN|0-415-07265-4}}, (1992), p.204</ref> Not only did [[Turkey]] and Azerbaijan pursue an identical policy against the Kurds, they even employed identical techniques like forced assimilation, manipulation of population figures, settlement of non-Kurds in areas predominantly Kurdish, suppression of publications and abolition of Kurdish as a medium of instruction in schools.<ref name="th"/>}}
:{{note|Russia number|c|In the [[Russian Census (2010)|2010 Russian Census]], 23,232 people indicated Kurdish (Курды) as their ethnicity, while 40,586 chose Yazidi (Езиды) as their ethnicity.<ref name="russia">{{cite web|title=Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 г. Национальный состав населения Российской Федерации |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_nac_10.php |work=Demoscope |access-date=4 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521170119/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_nac_10.php |archive-date=21 May 2012 }}</ref>}}
:{{note|Armenia number|d|In the 2011 Armenian Census, 2,131 people indicated Kurdish (Քրդեր) as their ethnicity, while 35,272 indicated Yazidi (Եզդիներ) as their ethnicity.<ref name="armenia"/>}}

== See also ==
* ''[[A Modern History of the Kurds]]'', by [[David McDowall (author)|David McDowall]]
* [[Kurdification]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin|2}}
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{{refend}}

{{Kurdish diaspora}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kurdish Diaspora}}
[[Category:Kurdish diaspora]]