View source for Kiev Voivodeship

{{short description|Subdivision of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
| native_name            = {{native name|la|Palatinatus Kioviensis}}<br />{{native name|pl|Województwo kijowskie}}<br />{{native name|uk|Київське воєводство}}
| conventional_long_name = Kiev Voivodeship
| common_name            = Ukraine
| subdivision            = Voivodeship
| nation                 = [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]¹
| image_flag             = 
| image_coat             = COA of Kiev Voivodship XVII.svg
| image_map              = RON województwo kijowskie map.svg
| image_map_caption      = The Kiev Voivodeship in<br> the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] in 1635.
| capital                = Kijów ([[Kyiv]]; 1471–1667)<br>Żytomierz ([[Zhytomyr]]; 1667–1793)
| stat_area1             = 200000
| stat_year1             = 1793
| stat_pop1              = 500,000
| p1                     = Principality of Kiev
| s1                     = Cossack Hetmanate
| s2                     = Kiev Viceroyalty
| year_start             = 1471
| event_start            = death of [[Simeon Olelkovich]]
| event1                 = 2nd [[Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars|Muscovite–Lithuanian War]]
| date_event1            = 1503
| event2                 = [[Union of Lublin]]
| date_event2            = 1569
| event3                 = [[Khmelnytsky Uprising]]
| date_event3            = 1648
| event4                 = [[Truce of Andrusovo]]
| date_event4            = 1667
| year_end               = 1793
| event_end              = [[Second partition of Poland|Second partition]]
| title_leader           = [[List of voivodes of Kiev|Voivode]]
| leader1                = [[Martynas Goštautas]] (first)<!-- Name of leader (up to six) -->
| year_leader1           = 1471–1475<!-- Years served -->
| leader2                = [[Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski]] (transition)<!-- Name of leader (up to six) -->
| year_leader2           = 1559–1608<!-- Years served -->
| leader3                = [[Antoni Protazy Potocki]] (last)<!-- Name of leader (up to six) -->
| year_leader3           = 1791–1793<!-- Years served -->
| political_subdiv       = [[Powiat|counties]]: {{ubl|9 (1471–1569)|7 (1569–1667)|3 (1667–1793)}}
| footnotes              = ¹ Voivodeship of the Kingdom of Poland. The kingdom was part of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] from 1569.
| demonym                = [[Kievan]]
| today                  = [[Ukraine]], partially [[Belarus]]
}}
[[File:BASSE VOLHYNIE, ou PALATINAT DE KIOW, tiré entierement de la grade Ukraine, Nicholas Sanson (Paris, 1665).jpg|thumb|Basse Volhynia (Lower Volhynia) or Kiow Palatinate in 1665]]
[[File:Crop focusing on the Kiev Voivodeship in the Prototype of the "special" map of Ukraine.jpg|alt=Map from 1635 covering the western part of the Kiev Voivodeship.|thumb|Map from 1635 covering the western part of the Kiev Voivodeship.]]
[[File:Borders of Poland before 1660 (128904766).jpg|thumb|Map of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and its territorial losses in the mid 17th century.]]
[[File:Kiow, by Jan Jansson, circa 1663.jpg|thumb|Kiev (''Kiow'') on a fragment of piece {{lang|la|Tractus Borysthenis Vulgo Dniepr at Niepr dicti}}. Map by [[Jan Janssonius]] (Amsterdam, 1663).]]

The '''Kiev Voivodeship'''<ref>[http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CK%5CY%5CKyivvoivodeship.htm Kyiv voivodeship in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine]</ref> ({{langx|pl|Województwo kijowskie}}; {{langx|la|Palatinatus Kioviensis}}; {{langx|uk|Київське воєводство|Kyivske voievodstvo}}) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] from 1471 until 1569 and of the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland]] from 1569 until 1793, as part of [[Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown]]. On some maps Kiev Voivodeship was also named as the Lower Volhynia.

The [[voivodeship]] was established in 1471 upon the death of the last prince of Kiev [[Simeon Olelkovich]] and transformation of the [[Principality of Kiev|Duchy of Kiev]] ([[appanage]] duchy of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]) into the Voivodeship of Kiev.

==Description==
The voivodeship was established in 1471 under the order of King [[Casimir IV Jagiellon]] soon after the death of [[Semen Olelkovich]]. It had replaced the former [[Grand Prince of Kiev|Principality of Kiev]], ruled by Lithuanian-Ruthenian [[Olelkovich]] princes (related to [[House of Algirdas]] and [[Olshanski|Olshansky family]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.manoprograma.com/Adelaide%2520Tunto%2520Handbook/Lithuanian%2520History.pdf |title=Lithuanian History |access-date=24 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530032454/http://www.manoprograma.com/Adelaide%20Tunto%20Handbook/Lithuanian%20History.pdf |archive-date=30 May 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://izbornyk.org.ua/dynasty/dyn.htm|title = Леонтій Войтович. Князівські династії Східної Європи}}</ref>

Its first administrative center was [[Kiev]], but when the city was given to [[Tsardom of Russia]] in 1667 by [[Treaty of Andrusovo]], the capital moved to [[Zhytomyr]] ({{langx|pl|Żytomierz}}), where it remained until 1793.

It was the biggest voivodeship of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] by land area, covering, among others, the land of [[Zaporizhian Cossacks]].

==Municipal government==
The governor of the voivodeship was [[voivode]] ([[List of voivodes of Kiev]]).<ref>{{langx|pl|wojewoda kijowski}}</ref> In the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth the other two major administrative positions were [[Castellans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|castellan]]<ref>{{langx|pl|kasztelan kijowski}}</ref> and bishop (biskup kijowski).

* [[List of voivodes of Kiev]] 
* Castellan of Kijow (city governor)
* [[List of mayors of Kyiv|Vogt of Kijow]]

==Flag and coat of arms==
The flag on one side had [[Lithuanian Pogon]] on red field and on other side black bear on white field with his front left paw raised up.<ref>[https://literat.ug.edu.pl/glogre/0041.htm Województwo Kijowskie].</ref>

== Regional council (sejmik) ==
{{further|Sejmik}}
* [[Zhytomyr]]

===Regional council ({{langx|pl|link=no|sejmik generalny}}) for all Ruthenian lands===
* [[Sudova Vyshnia]]

===Regional council ({{langx|pl|link=no|sejmik poselski i deputacki}}) seats===
*  [[Kive]]
*  [[Ovruch]]
*  [[Zhytomyr]]

==Administrative division==
===Counties===
* Kijow County, Kijow (Biała Cerkiew, [[Bila Tserkva]], since 1659)
* Owrucz County, Owrucz
* Żytomierz County, Żytomierz

====Other former counties====
* Putywl County, [[Putyvl|Putywl]] (lost after the second [[Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars|Muscovite–Lithuanian War]])
* Mozyrz County, [[Mozyr]]z (transferred to [[Minsk Voivodeship]] under the [[Union of Lublin]])
* Czerkasy County, [[Cherkasy|Czerkasy]] (liquidated in 1566)
* Czarnobyl County, [[Chornobyl|Czarnobyl]] (liquidated in 1566)

====Former counties lost under the Treaty of Andrusovo====
* Lubecz County, [[Liubech|Lubecz]]
* Oster County, [[Oster]]
* City of Kijow

===Elderships (Starostwo)===
Instead of some liquidated counties in 1566 there were established elderships: Biała Cerkiew, Kaniów, Korsun, Romanówka, Czerkasy, Czigrin.

====Free royal cities====
{{main|Royal city in Poland}}
*[[Berezań]]
*[[Biała Cerkiew]]
*[[Bohusław]]
*[[Czehryń]]
*[[Cherkasy|Czerkasy]]
*[[Yahotyn|Jagodzin]]
*[[Kaniv|Kaniów]]
*[[Kyiv|Kijów]]
*[[Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi|Korsuń]]
*[[Myrhorod]]
*[[Oster]]
*[[Owrucz]]
*[[Stebliw]]
*[[Trechtymirów]]
*[[Żytomierz]]

==Neighbouring Voivodeships and regions==
[[File:Kiou1562.jpg|thumb|Kiev (''Kiou''). A fragment of ''Russiae, Moscoviae et Tartariae'' map by Anthony Jenkinson (London 1562) published by [[Ortelius]] in 1570.]]
* [[Bratslav Voivodeship]]
* [[Podolian Voivodeship]]
* [[Brest Litovsk Voivodeship]]
* [[Minsk Voivodeship]]
* [[Chernihiv Voivodeship]]
* [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]]
* [[Crimean Khanate]]
* [[Yedisan]]

==See also==
*[[List of voivodes of Kiev]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
* [http://literat.ug.edu.pl/glogre/0041.htm Kijow Voivodeship, description by Zygmunt Gloger]

==Further reading==
*[https://www.msz.gov.pl/resource/49da65c5-9917-40de-b542-5c89751cacf6:JCR ''Central European Superpower''], Henryk Litwin, ''BUM Magazine'', October 2016.
* {{in lang|pl}} Spisy pod red. Antoniego Gąsiorowskiego, t. III: Ziemie Ruskie, z. 4: Urzędnicy województw kijowskiego i czernihowskiego XV-XVIII wieku, opracowali Eugeniusz Janas i Witold Kłaczewski, [[Kórnik]]: Biblioteka Kórnicka. 2002. 343, {{ISBN|83-85213-37-6}}.
* {{in lang|pl}} Witold Bobiński. Województwo kijowskie w czasach Zygmunta III Wazy: studium osadnictwa i stosunków własności ziemskiej. Warszawa. 2000.
* {{in lang|pl}} Henryk Litwin. Napływ szlachty polskiej na Ukrainę 1569–1648. Semper. 2000. {{ISBN|83-86951-67-2}} [also:] The Spatial Structure of the Kyiv Voivodeship and its Impact on the Political and Social Life of the Gentry in 1569–1648. Struktura przestrzenna województwa kijowskiego i jej wpływ na życie polityczne i społeczne szlachty w latach 1569–1648.
* {{in lang|pl}} Michał Kulecki. Wygnańcy ze Wschodu. Egzulanci w Rzeczypospolitej w ostatnich latach panowania Jana Kazimierza i za panowania Michała Korybuta Wiśniowieckiego. Warszawa 1997. {{ISBN|83-7181-001-6}}.
* {{in lang|pl}} Dzieje rezydencji na dawnych kresach Rzeczypospolitej. Województwo kijowskie . OSSOLINEUM. 1997. {{ISBN|83-04-04369-6}}
* {{in lang|pl}} [[Zygmunt Gloger]]. Geografia historyczna ziem dawnej Polski. Kraków. 1903.
* {{in lang|pl}} [[Antoni Józef Rolle]]. Z przeszłości Polesia Kijowskiego. Warszawa. Red. Biblioteki Warszawskiej. 1882

==External links==
{{commons category|Kiev Voivodeship (1471-1793)}}
* [http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CK%5CY%5CKyivvoivodeship.htm Kyiv voivodeship] in the [[Encyclopedia of Ukraine]]
* [http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?showHidden=1&art_id=3118354&cat_id=32672&ctime=1066649296558 Cossack era on Ukrainian Government portal]
*[http://www.allempires.info/article/index.php?q=The_Zaphorozian_Cossacks The Zaphorozian Cossacks]
* {{in lang|pl}} Województwo kijowskie [in:] [http://dir.icm.edu.pl/pl/?find_in=fulltext&volume_id=1&find_text=wojew%C3%B3dztwo+kijowskie&search_volume=all&x=0&y=0 Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and other slavic lands]
* Palatinatus Kioviensis Pars. Boristhenem ''alias'' [[Wild Fields|Dzikie Pola]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111004154829/http://www.ocrenica.com/340_Maps_of_Dnipro_River.htm].by Joannis Janssonii. [[Amsterdam]]. 1663.
*{{in lang|de}} [http://68.178.150.41/htdocs/zoom/21075.htm Der königlichen Republik Polen Woiwodschaft Kiow]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} das ist die obere Polnische Ukraine oder Klein Polens oestlicher Theil. Nor. 46 [[Vienna]]. Franz Johann Josef von Reilly 1791
*{{in lang|uk}} [http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?Z21ID=&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Kyivske_voevodstvo Kyiv Voivodeship] in the Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine

{{Voivodes of Kiev}}
{{Voivodeships of Lithuania}}
{{Administrative division of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth}}

{{coord|50.450000|30.523333|format=dms|display=title|type:landmark}}

[[Category:Kiev Voivodeship| ]]
[[Category:Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Early modern history of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Voivodeships of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]
[[Category:Historical geography of Ukraine]]
[[Category:1471 establishments in Europe]]
[[Category:15th-century establishments in Lithuania]]
[[Category:1793 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:History of Kyiv]]
[[Category:History of Kyiv Oblast]]