View source for Kh-58

{{Infobox weapon
|is_missile=yes
|name=Kh-58 <br><small>([[NATO reporting name]]: AS-11 'Kilter')</small>
|image=H-58U AS-11 Kilter 2008 G1.jpg
|image_size=300
|caption=Kh-58U in the [[Ukrainian Air Force]] Museum
|origin=[[Soviet Union]]/[[Russia]]
|type=Air-launched [[anti-radiation missile]], [[surface-to-surface missile]]
|used_by=Russia, India, Algeria, Iran<ref name="Handbook" />
|wars= {{Tree list}}
*[[Iran–Iraq War]]<ref name="Cooper"/>
*[[Russo-Georgian War]]
*[[Russo-Ukrainian War]]
**[[Russian invasion of Ukraine]]<ref name="Williams"/>
{{Tree list/end}}
|designer=
|design_date=1970s
|manufacturer=[[MKB Raduga|Raduga NPO]]
|unit_cost=
|propellant=
|production_date=
|service=1982–present<ref name="Handbook" />
|engine=Solid rocket<ref name="Handbook" />
|engine_power=
|weight={{convert|650|kg|lb|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}<ref name="TMC" />
|length={{convert|480|cm|ftin|abbr=on|sigfig=2}}<ref name="TMC" />
|height=
|diameter={{convert|38|cm|in|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="TMC" />
|wingspan={{convert|117|cm|in|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="TMC" />
|speed=Mach 3.6
|vehicle_range=Kh-58: up to {{convert|120|km|nmi|abbr=on|sigfig=2}}<br>Kh-58U :{{convert|250|km|nmi|abbr=on|sigfig=2}}<ref name="Handbook" /><br>Kh-58E: {{convert|46|-|200|km|nmi|abbr=on|sigfig=2}}<ref name="TMC" />
|ceiling=
|altitude=
|filling=High Explosive<ref name="Handbook" />
|filling_weight={{convert |149|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="TMC" />
|detonation=
|accuracy=
|yield=
|guidance=Inertial with passive radar seeker<ref name="Handbook" />
|launch_platform=Su-24M,<ref name="Handbook" /> Mig-25BM,<ref name="Handbook" /> Su-22M4,<ref name="TMC" /> Su-25TK,<ref name="TMC" /> Su-30MK<ref name="Janes" />
}}

The '''Kh-58''' ({{langx|ru|[[Kha (Cyrillic)|Х]]-58}}; [[NATO reporting name|NATO]]: '''AS-11 'Kilter'''') is a Soviet [[anti-radiation missile]] with a range of 120&nbsp;km.  {{As of|2004}} the Kh-58U variant was still the primary anti-radiation missile of Russia and its allies.<ref name="Handbook">{{citation|title=International Electronic Countermeasures Handbook |last=Staff of Journal of Electronic Defense |publisher=Artech House |year=2004 |isbn=9781580538985 |pages=149–150 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8kePYFK1L8C&pg=PA149}}</ref> It is being superseded by the [[Kh-31]]. The [[NATO reporting name]] is "Kilter".

==Development==
The Bereznyak design bureau had developed the liquid-fuelled [[Kh-28]] (AS-9 ‘Kyle’) and the [[KSR-5]]P (AS-6) anti-radiation missiles.<ref name="Janes">{{citation |url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-Air-Launched-Weapons/Kh-58-AS-11-Kilter-Russian-Federation.html |title=Kh-58 (AS-11 'Kilter') |journal= Jane's Air-Launched Weapons |date=2007-10-24}}</ref> They merged with Raduga in 1967, so Raduga was given the contract in the early 1970s to develop a solid-fuel successor to the [[Kh-28]] to equip the new Su-24M 'Fencer-D' attack aircraft.<ref name="Janes" /> Consequently, the project was initially designated the Kh-24, before becoming the Kh-58.{{Cn|date=January 2021}}

During the 1980s a longer-range variant was developed, the Kh-58U, with lock-on-after-launch capability. Since the fall of the Soviet Union, Raduga have offered several versions for export.<ref name="Janes" />

==Design==
It was designed to be used in conjunction with the Su-24's L-086A "Fantasmagoria A" or L-086B "Fantasmagoria B" target acquisition system.<ref name="Handbook" /> The range achieved depends heavily on the launch altitude, thus the original Kh-58 has a range of 36&nbsp;km from low level, 120&nbsp;km from {{convert |10000|m|ft|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}, and 160&nbsp;km from {{convert |15000|m|ft|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}.<ref name="Handbook" />

Like other Soviet missiles of the time, the Kh-58 could be fitted with a range of seeker heads designed to target specific air defence radars such as [[MIM-14 Nike-Hercules]] or [[MIM-104 Patriot]].<ref name="Janes" />

==Operational history==
The Kh-58 was deployed in 1982 on the [[Su-24]]M 'Fencer D' in Soviet service.<ref name="Handbook" /> The Kh-58U entered service in 1991 on the Su-24M and MiG-25BM 'Foxbat-F'.<ref name="Handbook" /> The Kh-58E version can be carried on the Su-22M4 and Su-25TK as well,<ref name="TMC">{{citation | url=http://eng.ktrv.ru/production_eng/323/511/516/ | title=X-58E | publisher=Tactical Missiles Corporation JSC | year=2004 | access-date=10 February 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928104055/http://eng.ktrv.ru/production_eng/323/511/516/ | archive-date=28 September 2007 | url-status=dead }}</ref> while the Kh-58UShE appears to be intended for Chinese Su-30MKK's.<ref name="Janes" />

Kh-58U missiles were first used in combat in November 1987 by Iraqi MiG-25BMs during the Iran-Iraq war against Iranian [[MIM-23 Hawk|MIM-23B Hawk]] batteries, disabling at least one radar. In July 1988, Iraqi forces used upgraded Kh-58Us and Kh-31Ps against Iranian Westinghouse ADS-4 low-band and long-range [[early-warning radar]]s, succeeding in destroying a radar site in [[Subashi, Iran|Subashi]] with two missiles.<ref name="Cooper">{{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |last2=Bishop |first2=Farzad |title=Iranian F-14 Tomcat Units in Combat |date=20 November 2012 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-78200-761-6 |pages=74–75 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J5seDAAAQBAJ |access-date=27 August 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

In August 2007, a Russian Kh-58 missile was fired at a Georgian radar site near the town of Tsitelubani, but it missed and failed to explode.<ref name="Cohen"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Experts invited by Georgia say plane from Russia |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-georgia-russia-idUSL1514096320070815 |website=Reuters |access-date=27 August 2023 |language=en |date=15 August 2007}}</ref> During the 2008 [[Russo-Georgian war]], Russian forces made no use of anti-radiation missiles, likely due Georgian air defenses keeping their radar systems turned off until Russian aircraft were in range and turn them back on long enough to acquire and fire at their targets, and a possible lack of confidence of the Russian Air Force in their anti-radiation missiles capabilities following the [[2007 Georgia missile incident]].<ref name="Cohen">{{cite book |last1=Cohen |first1=Ariel |title=The Russian Military and the Georgia War: Lessons and Implications |date=2011 |publisher=Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College |isbn=978-1-58487-491-1 |pages=20, 40 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZxQ9pi7nlAC |access-date=27 August 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

The Kh-58 have also seen use during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. According to senior sources of the Ukrainian Air Force, some [[9K33 Osa]] and [[9K37 Buk]] systems were destroyed by Kh-31P and Kh-58 missiles during the war.<ref name="Williams">{{cite book |last1=Williams |first1=Ian |title=Putin's Missile War: Russia's Strike Campaign in Ukraine |date=16 August 2023 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-5381-7067-0 |page=29 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P3fREAAAQBAJ |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==Variants==
[[File:MAKS Airshow 2013 (Ramenskoye Airport, Russia) (524-20).jpg|thumb|300px|right|Kh-58UShKE]]
* '''Kh-58''' (Izdeliye 112) - original version for the Su-24M.
* '''Kh-58U''' - improved version with longer range and lock-on-after-launch.
* '''Kh-58E''' - export version of Kh-58U,<ref name="Handbook" /> first offered in 1991.<ref name="Janes" />
* '''Kh-58EM''' - another version offered for export in the 1990s.<ref name="Janes" />
* '''Kh-58UShE''' (Uluchshennaya Shirokopolosnaya Exportnaya meaning 'Improved, Wideband, Export') - new wideband seeker in new radome, intended for [[Su-30MK]].<ref name="Janes" />
* '''Kh-58UShKE''' - version with folding fins for internal carriage in the [[Sukhoi Su-57]], first unveiled at [[MAKS (air show)|MAKS]] 2007.<ref>{{citation | title=Airshow China 2014: PAK-FA's new anti-radiation missile set for 2015 series production | url=http://www.janes.com/article/45773/airshow-china-2014-pak-fa-s-new-anti-radiation-missile-set-for-2015-series-production  | journal=Jane's Defence Weekly | date=13 November 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kh-58UShKE Anti-Radiation Missile|website=Rosoboronexport|url=http://roe.ru/eng/catalog/aerospace-systems/air-to-air-missile/kh-58ushke/}}</ref>
* '''Kh-58UShKE(TP)''' - version with added [[imaging infrared]] UV seeker, first unveiled at MAKS 2015.<ref>[http://www.janes.com/article/53889/maks-2015-krtv-adds-ir-seeker-to-kh-58ushk-anti-radiation-missile MAKS 2015: KRTV adds IR seeker to Kh-58UShK anti-radiation missile]</ref>

Some Western sources have referred to a Kh-58A that is either optimised for naval radars or has an active seeker head for use as an anti-shipping missile - it probably represents another name for the Kh-58U.{{Citation needed|date=April 2025|reason=}}

==Operators==
[[File:Kh-58 operators.png|thumb|400px|Map with Kh-58 operators in blue and former operators in red]]

===Current operators===
;{{flag|Belarus}}:
* [[Belarusian Air Force]]<ref name="Mladenov">{{harvnb|Mladenov|2013|pp=41-42}}</ref>
;{{IND}}:
* [[Indian Air Force]]<ref name="Handbook" />
;{{IRN}}:
* [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force]]<ref name="IISS2023">{{cite book |last1=International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=The Military Balance 2023 |date=15 February 2023 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1032508955 |edition=1st |author1-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies }}</ref>{{rp|327}}
;{{KAZ}}:
* [[Kazakh Air Defense Forces]]<ref name="IISS2023" />{{rp|180}}
;{{RUS}}:
* [[Russian Aerospace Forces]]<ref name="Handbook" />
;{{UZB}}
* [[Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces]]<ref name="IISS2023" />{{rp|206}}

===Former operators===
;{{flag|Iraq|1963}}
* [[Iraqi Air Force]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Altobchi |first1=Ali |last2=Cooper |first2=Tom |last3=Fontanellaz |first3=Adrien |title=Al-Hussein: Iraqi indigenous conventional arms projects, 1980-2003 |date=2022 |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |location=Warwick, UK |isbn=978-1-914377-18-1 |page=59}}</ref>
;{{USSR}}
* [[Soviet Air Forces]]<ref name="Handbook" />
;{{UKR}}
* [[Ukrainian Air Force]]<ref name="IISS2014">{{cite book |last1=International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=The Military Balance 2014 |date=5 February 2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1032508955 |edition=1st |author1-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies }}</ref>{{rp|196}}

==See also==
* [[Martel missile]] - Anglo-French collaboration with 60&nbsp;km range
* [[AGM-88 HARM]] - Current US Air Force anti-radar weapon, range of 150&nbsp;km

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{Citation|last=Gordon|first=Yefim|title=Soviet/Russian Aircraft Weapons Since World War Two|year=2004|location=Hinckley, England|publisher=Midland Publishing|isbn=1-85780-188-1}}
* {{cite book |last1=Mladenov |first1=Alexander |title=Sukhoi Su-25 Frogfoot |date=2013 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |location=Oxford |isbn=978-1-78200-359-5}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090101014834/http://personal.inet.fi/cool/foxfour/sovmis/sovmis-as.html Tuomas Närväinen's Homepage] - useful details

{{Russian and Soviet missiles|ASM}}
{{Russian and Soviet military designation sequences}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kh-058}}

[[Category:Anti-radiation missiles of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Air-to-surface missiles of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:MKB Raduga products]]
[[Category:Anti-radiation missiles of the Cold War]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1980s]]