View source for Keystone–Loening Commuter

{{Short description|1920s American flying boat}}
{{More citations needed|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox aircraft
 |name            = K-84 Commuter
 |image           = Keystone-Loening Commuter.jpg
 |size            = 300px
 |caption         = 
 |type            = [[Flying boat]]
 |national_origin = [[United States]]
 |manufacturer    = [[Keystone–Loening]]
 |builder         = 
 |designer        = 
 |first_flight    = 1929
 |introduction      = 
 |introdction     = 
 |retired         = 
 |status          = 
 |primary_user    = 
 |more_users      = 
 |produced        = 
 |number_built    = 
 |program cost    = 
 |unit cost       = $16,800
 |developed_from  = 
 |variants = 
 |developed_into  =
}}
The '''Keystone–Loening K-84 Commuter''' was a single-engine closed-cabin 4-place [[biplane]] amphibious flying boat built by [[Keystone–Loening]]. It was powered by a 300&nbsp;hp [[Wright Whirlwind]] engine mounted between the wings with the propeller just ahead of the windscreen. It was first produced in 1929.

This airplane was featured as a model/bank by Texaco, #8 in a series "Wings of Texaco", of historic aircraft used by the company.

== Surviving aircraft ==

* 305 ''"Kruzof"'' – K-84 on display at the Golden Wings Flying Museum in [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Keystone–Loening K-84 "Commuter" |url=http://www.goldenwingsmuseum.com/collection/AC-Pages/Loening.htm |website=Golden Wings Flying Museum |publisher=Golden Wings Flying Museum |accessdate=3 June 2018}}</ref>
* 313 ''"The Old Patches"'' – K-84 on display at the [[Alaska Aviation Museum]], in [[Anchorage, Alaska]].<ref>{{cite web |title=1929 N374V KEYSTONE/LOENING Model K-84 COMMUTER S/N 313 |url=http://alaskaairmuseum.org/flightline/single_plane.php?n374v |website=Alaska Aviation Museum |accessdate=3 June 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819030339/http://alaskaairmuseum.org/flightline/single_plane.php?n374v |archivedate=19 August 2013}}</ref>

==Specifications==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=American airplanes: Keystone<ref name=Eckland>{{cite web |last=Eckland |first=K.O.|url=http://aerofiles.com/_keys.html |title=American airplanes: Keystone |work=Aerofiles.com |date=2008-08-15 |accessdate=2011-02-12}}</ref>
|prime units?=imp
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=1
|capacity=3 passengers / {{convert|1223|lb|kg|abbr=on}}
|length m=
|length ft=32
|length in=5
|length note=
|span m=
|span ft=36
|span in=
|span note=(some sources {{convert|40|ft|m|abbr=on}})
|upper span m=
|upper span ft=
|upper span in=
|upper span note=
|mid span m=
|mid span ft=
|mid span in=
|mid span note=
|lower span m=
|lower span ft=
|lower span in=
|lower span note=
|swept m=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept note=
|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia note=
|width m=<!-- if applicable -->
|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|width note=
|height m=
|height ft=
|height in=
|height note=
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=
|wing area note=
|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area note=
|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift note=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Wright J-6-7]]
|eng1 type=7-cyl. air-cooled radial piston engine
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=300
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 note=-{{convert|330|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
|power original=
|thrust original=
|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng2 number=
|eng2 name=
|eng2 type=
|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 note=
|eng2 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng2 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng3 number=
|eng3 name=
|eng3 type=
|eng3 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng3 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng3 note=
|eng3 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|more power=

|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop name=
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia note=

|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=
|max speed mph=115
|max speed kts=
|max speed note=
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=90
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed mph=50
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed mph=
|minimum control speed kts=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=
|range miles=
|range nmi=440
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=12000
|ceiling note=
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate note=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|disk loading kg/m2=
|disk loading lb/sqft=
|disk loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=
<!--
        Armament
-->
|armament=<!-- add bulletted list here or if you want to use the following 
specific parameters, remove this parameter-->
|guns= 
|bombs= 
|rockets= 
|missiles= 
|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=

|avionics=
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite magazine|last=Elliot|first=Bryn|title=Bears in the Air: The US Air Police Perspective |magazine=[[Air Enthusiast]]|date=March–April 1997|issue=68|pages=46–51 |issn=0143-5450}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Keystone-Loening Commuter}}
* [http://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/Shumaker/3439.htm Photo of Keystone-Loening K-84]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=svEDAAAAMBAJ&dq=popular+mechanics+1932&pg=RA1-PA26 "With The Sky Police", January 1932, Popular Mechanics] article about the New York City Police Air Force and the Keystone-Loening Commuter in service at that time, photos page 26, 29 and 30.
* [http://www.goldenwingsmuseum.com/collection/Aircraft%20Info%20Sheets/Keystone%20K84.pdf Keystone-Loening "Commuter", K-84 – U.S. Civil Aircraft]

{{Loening aircraft}}
{{Keystone aircraft}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Keystone-Loening Commuter}}
[[Category:1920s United States civil utility aircraft]]
[[Category:Flying boats]]
[[Category:Loening aircraft|Commuter]]
[[Category:Keystone aircraft|Commuter]]
[[Category:Amphibious aircraft]]
[[Category:Biplanes]]
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1929]]