View source for Jophiel

{{Distinguish|Zotiel (angel)}}

{{Short description|Angel (Judaism; Christianity)}}
{{Infobox saint
|feast_day= 29 September
|venerated_in= [[Judaism]], [[Anglicanism]]
|honorific_prefix=
|name= Jophiel
|image= Sanctus Jophiel.jpg
|imagesize= 
|caption= {{lang|la|Sanctus Jophiel}}, stained-glass window at [[St Michael's Church, Brighton]], England.
|titles= Archangel
|patronage= Art, artists
|attributes= [[Flaming sword (mythology)|Flaming sword]]
}}

The [[angel]] '''Jophiel''' ([[Hebrew language|Heb.]] {{Script/Hebrew|יוֹפִיאֵל}} ''Yōp̄īʾēl'', "Beauty of God"),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Strong's Hebrew Concordance - 3308. yophi |url=https://biblehub.com/hebrew/3308.htm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Inflection of יוֹפִי |url=https://www.pealim.com/dict/5856-yofi/ |website=Pealim}}</ref> also called ''Iophiel'', ''Iofiel'', ''Jofiel'', ''Yofiel'', ''Youfiel'', '''Zophiel''' ({{Script/Hebrew|צֹפִיאֵל}} ''Ṣōp̄īʾēl'', "God is my watchman")<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Strong's Hebrew Concordance - 6822. ṣō·w·p̄eh |url=https://biblehub.com/hebrew/tzopeh_6822.htm}}</ref> and '''Zuriel''' ({{Script/Hebrew|צוּרִיאֵל}} ''Ṣūrīʾēl'', "God is my rock"),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Strong's Hebrew Concordance - 6697. ṣū·rî |url=https://biblehub.com/hebrew/tzuri_6697.htm}}</ref> is an [[archangel]] in [[Angels in Christianity|Christian]] and [[Angels in Judaism|Jewish]] [[angelology]].   '''Jophiel'''  is associated with beauty, art, and wisdom.

== Beliefs in religions and ceremonial magic ==
[[Image:CaedmonManuscriptPage46Illust.jpg|thumb|right|260px|According to [[Robert Means Lawrence]],<ref>Lawrence, Robert M. (1898), ''The Magic of the Horse-Shoe, With Other Folk-Lore Notes'', [http://www.sacred-texts.com/etc/mhs/mhs68.htm Chapter III: The Number Seven] at [http://www.sacred-texts.com sacred-texts.com]</ref> Arthur de Bles, and R.L. Giles, Jophiel was said to be the Angel who cast [[Adam and Eve]] out of [[Paradise]]<ref name = "DoA">Davidson, Gustav (1967), ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/A_dictionary_of_angels.html?id=Ed7yHWuTEewC A Dictionary of Angels, Including The Fallen Angels]'', Entry: '''Iofiel''', Free Press, p. 150, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-19757, {{ISBN|9780029070505}}</ref>]]

According to the [[pseudepigrapha]]l [[Life of Adam and Eve|Revelation of Moses]], another name for Jophiel is '''Dina''' ([[Hebrew language|Hebrew:]] דִּינָה ''Dīnā'', "Judgement").<ref>{{Cite web |title=Strong's Hebrew Concordance - 1783. Dinah |url=https://biblehub.com/hebrew/1783.htm}}</ref> In the text, Jophiel/Dina is described as an angel of the seventh heaven, a [[Kabbalah|Cabalistic]] guardian of the Torah (and wisdom itself), who taught 70 languages to souls at the dawn of creation.<ref>[[Gaster, Moses]] (1893), [http://www.sacred-texts.com/journals/jras/1893-15.htm "Hebrew Visions of Hell and Paradise,"] in the ''Journal of The Royal Asiatic Society'', p. 579, at [http://www.sacred-texts.com www.sacred-texts.com]</ref> The [[Zohar]] lists Jophiel as a Great Angel Chief in charge of 53 legions who superintend [[Torah]]-readings on the [[Shabbat|Sabbath]].<ref name = "DoA3">Davidson, Gustav (1967), ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/A_dictionary_of_angels.html?id=Ed7yHWuTEewC A Dictionary of Angels, Including The Fallen Angels]'', Entry: '''Iofiel''', Free Press, p. 320, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-19757, {{ISBN|9780029070505}}</ref> Jophiel is said to be a companion to the angel [[Metatron]].<ref name = "DoA" />

[[Clara Erskine Clement|C. E. Clement]], in her book ''Angels in Art'', names Jophiel as the teacher of [[Ham (son of Noah)|Ham]], [[Japheth]], and [[Shem]].<ref name="DoA"/>  [[Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa]]<ref>Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, Three Books of Occult Philosophy, [http://www.esotericarchives.com/agrippa/agrippa3.htm Book III, Part 1], ed. Joseph Peterson, hosted at [http://www.esotericarchives.com/ Twilit Grotto Esoteric Archives].</ref> and [[Thomas Rudd]] likewise name Jophiel as the teacher of Shem.<ref>A Treatise on Angel Magic, by Thomas Rudd, ed. Adam McLean, p.25 & 204, (two editions):
*Phanes Press, 1990
*Red Wheel/Weiser, 2006</ref>

In the [[Anglican]] tradition, Jophiel is recognized as an [[archangel]]. Jophiel is often depicted in iconography holding a [[Flaming sword (mythology)|flaming sword]],{{refn|group=note|The flaming sword is also generally an attribute of the archangel [[Uriel]], but he is more often depicted in Anglican iconography holding a book (scroll) or a solar disc.}} such as the stained glasses at [[St Michael's Church, Brighton|St Michael's Church]] in [[Brighton]], [[St Peter and St John's Church, Kirkley|St Peter and St John's Church]] in [[Kirkley]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/norfolkodyssey/3929364763/ |title=Kempe: Jophiel |last=K |first=Simon |date=17 September 2009 |website=[[flickr.com]] |access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref> [[Holy Trinity Church, Coventry|Holy Trinity Church]] in [[Coventry]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flickriver.com/photos/47859152@N05/sets/72157623859286555/ |title=Coventry - Holy Trinity Church |author=Glass Angel |date=2011 |website=[[flickr.com]] |access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref> and a mural at [[St. John's Episcopal Church (Memphis, Tennessee)|St. John's Episcopal Church]] in [[Memphis, Tennessee]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stjohnsmemphis.org/about/murals/christ-triumphant/ |title=Christ Triumphant (High Altar) |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=www.stjohnsmemphis.org |access-date=28 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623113911/https://www.stjohnsmemphis.org/about/murals/christ-triumphant/ |archive-date=23 June 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Jophiel is an [[Archangel]] of the [[Kabbalah]] (although some systems put [[Raziel]] in Jophiel’s place) and in several listings, including that of the early medieval theologian [[Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite|Pseudo-Dionysus]].<ref name = "DoA2">Davidson, Gustav (1967), ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/A_dictionary_of_angels.html?id=Ed7yHWuTEewC A Dictionary of Angels, Including The Fallen Angels]'', Appendix, Free Press, p. 338, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-19757, {{ISBN|9780029070505}}</ref> The [[Calendarium Naturale Magicum Perpetuum]] lists Jophiel as the angel of the Sephira [[Binah (Kabbalah)|Binah]],<ref>The Magical Calendar, by [[Johann Baptist Grossschedel]] (two editions):
*ed. Adam McLean, Phanes Press, 1994, p. 91;
*[http://esotericarchives.com/mc/index.html ed. Joseph Peterson], hosted at [http://www.esotericarchives.com/ Twilit Grotto Esoteric Archives]</ref> as do the [[Key of Solomon]] variant "The Veritable Clavicles of Solomon,"<ref>[http://esotericarchives.com/solomon/l1203.htm The Veritable Clavicles of Solomon], anonymous, ed. Joseph Peterson, hosted at [http://www.esotericarchives.com/ Twilit Grotto Esoteric Archives]</ref> and the [[Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses]],<ref>The Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses ([http://www.esotericarchives.com/moses/67moses2.htm part 2]), anonymous, ed. Joseph Peterson, hosted at [http://www.esotericarchives.com/ Twilit Grotto Esoteric Archives]</ref> both latter works derived from the ''Calendarium''.<ref>The Magical Calendar, Peterson edition introduction</ref>  Agrippa attributes Jophiel to [[Saturn]], while [[Paracelsus]] assigns Jophiel to Jupiter.<ref name="DoA"/> Rudd attributes the [[Zodiac]] to Jophiel<ref>Rudd, McLean, pp.100 (2006 ed), p.101 (1990 ed)</ref> along with the [[Sephirot|Sephira]] [[Binah (Kabbalah)|Binah]] instead of [[Zaphkiel]].<ref>Rudd, McLean, p.204 (1990, 2006)</ref> [[Athanasius Kircher]] names Jophiel as {{lang|la|Angelus pulchritudinis}}, "angel of beauty".<ref>"[http://www.esotericarchives.com/kircher/cabala.htm Cabala Hebraeorum]" in ''[[Oedipus Aegyptiacus]]'', by Athanasius Kircher, ed. Joseph Peterson, hosted at [http://www.esotericarchives.com/ Twilit Grotto Esoteric Archives]</ref> According to [[Robert Ambelain]], Jophiel is in charge of the [[Cherub]]im, particularly the [[Shemhamphorasch]] angels Haziel, Aladiah, Lauviah, Hahaiah, Iezalel, Mehahel, Hariel, and Hakamiah.<ref>The Complete Magician's Tables, by Stephen Skinner, Golden Hoard Press, 2006, p.41</ref>

In John Milton’s epic poem, Paradise Lost, the Archangel Jophiel is depicted as the “cherubim with the swiftest wings.”

== See also ==
* [[List of angels in theology]]
* [[Yufin-Yufafin]] in Mandaeism

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}2. Angels and ‘angelic entities’ are traditionally          neither specifically male or female (note: when Jophiel/Zophiel is historically referenced, the gender is universally most often female, not male).

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Fischer, Lynn (1996), ''Angels of Love and Light'' [with original paintings of the Seven Beloved Archangels and Their Archeiai by Marius Michael-George], Transformational Media Publications, South Yarmouth, MA
* "Jophiel," ''Pearls of Wisdom'', Volume 7 Number 43, 1994, The Summit Lighthouse, Copyright © 1997 [[Church Universal and Triumphant]]
* "Seven Beloved Archangels Speak," 1954, ''[[The Bridge to Freedom]]''

{{Angels in Abrahamic religions}}

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[[Category:Archangels]]
[[Category:Angels in Judaism]]
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