View source for Jonathan Harvey (composer)

{{short description|British composer (1939–2012)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
'''Jonathan Dean Harvey''' (3 May 1939 – 4 December 2012)<ref name=Faber>[https://www.fabermusic.com/we-represent/jonathan-harvey "Jonathan Harvey"], [[Faber Music]]</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/british-composer-jonathan-harvey-dies-xlsl237gfqf|access-date=5 December 2012|newspaper=[[The Times]]|author=[[Richard Morrison (music critic)|Richard Morrison]]|title=British Composer Jonathan Harvey Dies|date=5 December 2012}}</ref> was a British composer. He held teaching positions at universities and music conservatories in Europe and the United States.

==Life==
Harvey was born in [[Sutton Coldfield]], and studied at [[St John's College, Cambridge]], eventually obtaining a [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]].<ref name=Faber /> He also took private lessons with [[Erwin Stein]] and [[Hans Keller]] on the advice of [[Benjamin Britten]].<ref name=Faber /> In 1969, he took up a [[Harkness Fellowship]] at [[Princeton University]].<ref name=Faber /> In the 1980s, Harvey produced music at [[IRCAM]] after receiving an invitation from [[Pierre Boulez]] to work there.<ref name=Faber />

At IRCAM, Harvey produced works such as ''Speakings'', a composition for large orchestra and electronics, in collaboration with sound artist and composer Gilbert Nouno and researchers Arshia Cont and Grégoire Carpentier. The concept of the piece was to "make an orchestra speak".<ref>{{cite web| url=http://futureradio.co.uk/podcast/2010/september/chance-music-jonathan-harvey| title=Chance Music with Jonathan Harvey| author=Bob Shingleton| date=5 September 2010| access-date=27 November 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724060020/http://futureradio.co.uk/podcast/2010/september/chance-music-jonathan-harvey| archive-date=24 July 2011| df=dmy-all}}</ref> IRCAM is known for speech analysis and in this piece, special technology was developed to allow the analysis of speech to be realized in an orchestral context, using complex algorithms which can process multiple combinations possible in an orchestra setting. The program [[Orchidée]] computed such analyses and provided orchestrations for the composer.{{fact|date=July 2021}}

From 2005 to 2008, Harvey held the post of Composer in Association with the [[BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010505090558/http://www.vivosvoco.com/ Jonathan Harvey], composer's biography</ref>

In 2009, he was Composer in Residence at the [[Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival]].<ref>[http://www.hcmf.co.uk/HCMF-Composer-in-Residence-Jonathan-Harvey-in-conversation Composer in Residence Jonathan Harvey in conversation] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091114011358/http://www.hcmf.co.uk/HCMF-Composer-in-Residence-Jonathan-Harvey-in-conversation |date=14 November 2009 }}, Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival</ref> He died, aged 73, in [[Lewes]], from [[motor neurone disease]].<ref>[[Ivan Hewett|Hewett, Ivan]] (5 December 2012). [https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/dec/05/jonathan-harvey Jonathan Harvey obituary]. ''[[The Guardian]]''.</ref>

''Speakings'' received six votes in a 2017 ''Classic Voice'' poll of the greatest works of [[art music]] since 2000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ricordi.com/-/media/Files/PDF/Ricordi/Background-Information/Classic-Voice-Survey.ashx?la=en-US&hash=BBAE5103837F8B1553A993DC4917C75FEBD7B63A|title=A music referendum|website=Ricordi|access-date=2 December 2019}}</ref> In 2019, writers for ''[[The Guardian]]'' ranked Harvey's String Quartet No. 4 the eighth greatest work of classical music in the same period.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Clements|first=Andrew|last2=Maddocks|first2=Fiona|last3=Lewis|first3=John|last4=Molleson|first4=Kate|last5=Service|first5=Tom|author5-link=Tom Service|last6=Jeal|first6=Erica|last7=Ashley|first7=Tim|date=2019-09-12|title=The best classical music works of the 21st century|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/sep/12/best-classical-music-works-of-the-21st-century|access-date=2020-06-12}}</ref>

==Writings==
*1975. ''The Music of [[Karlheinz Stockhausen|Stockhausen]]: An Introduction''. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. {{ISBN|0-520-02311-0}}.
*1976. "Inner Light (3)". ''[[The Musical Times]]'' 117, no. 1596 (February): 125–127.
*1981. ''Ferneyhough''. London: Edition Peters. (on [[Brian Ferneyhough]])
*1983. "New Directions: A Manifesto". ''Soundings: A Music Journal'' 11 (Winter): 2–13.
*1999a. ''Music and Inspiration'', edited by Michael Downes. London and New York: Faber and Faber. {{ISBN|0-571-20025-7}}.
*1999b. ''In Quest of Spirit: Thoughts on Music''. The Bloch Lectures. With compact disc sound recording. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. {{ISBN|0-520-21392-0}}. French edition, as ''Pensées sur la musique: la quête de l'esprit'', translated by Mireille Tansman Zanuttini in collaboration with and with an introduction by [[Danielle Cohen-Levinas]]. Paris: [[L'Harmattan]], 2007. {{ISBN|2-296-03753-4}}. Spanish edition, as ''Música e inspiración'', translated by Carme Castells. Barcelona: Global Rhythm Press, 2008; {{ISBN|978-84-96879-31-7}}.
*2007, with [[Jean-Claude Carrière]]. ''Circles of Silence''. The Cahiers Series no. 3. [Paris]: Center for Writers & Translators, The Arts Arena, American University of Paris; Lewes [England]: Sylph Editions. {{ISBN|0-9552963-3-1}}. (on the opera ''[[Wagner Dream]]'')

==Selected works==
{{div col}}
*''Dialogue and Song'' for cello and piano (1965/1977)
*''Four Images after Yeats'' for piano (1969)
*Piano Trio (1971)
*''I love the Lord'', [[motet]] (1976)<ref>{{YouTube|Krv0F3jNgM8|''I love the Lord''}}, Choir of [[Royal Holloway, University of London|Royal Holloway]], 2014</ref><ref>[https://www.classicalarchives.com/newca/#!/Work/203125 "''I love the Lord''"], performances, recordings, classicalarchives.com</ref>
*String Quartet No. 1 (1977)
*''Cantata: IV: Ludus amoris: for speaker, soprano & tenor soli, SATB, and orchestra'' (1977), {{OCLC|4183489}}
*''O Jesu Nomen Dulce'' for choir (1979)
*''[[Mortuos Plango, Vivos Voco]]'', computer-manipulated concrete sounds (pre-recorded [[Octophonic sound|octophonic]] tape), for tape (1980)
*''Mythic Figures'' (1980)
*''Bhakti'' for 15 players and quadrophonic tape (1982)
*''Curve with Plateaux'' for solo cello (1982)
*''Flight-Elegy'' for violin and piano (1983–89)
*''Nataraja'' for flute, piccolo and piano (1983)
*''Nachtlied'' for soprano, piano and tape (1984)
*''Come Holy Ghost'' for choir (1984)
*''Ricercare una Melodia'' for solo trumpet/cello/flute/oboe/trombone with tape delay system (1984)
*''Song Offerings'' for soprano and chamber ensemble of 8 players (1985)
*''Forms of Emptiness'' for choir (1986)
*''God is our Refuge'' for choir and organ (1986)
*''Madonna of Winter and Spring'' for orchestra, synthesizer and electronics (1986)
*''Lauds'' for choir and solo cello (1987)
*''From Silence'' for soprano, 6 players and tape (1988)
*String Quartet No. 2 (1988)
*''Three Sketches'' for solo cello (1989)
*''Ritual Melodies'' for quadrophonic tape (1989–90)
*Cello Concerto (1990)
*''Fantasia'' for organ (1991)
*''Serenade in Homage to Mozart'' for wind ensemble of 10 players (1991)
*''Scena'' for violin and chamber ensemble of 9 players (1992)
*''Lotuses'' for flute quartet (1992)
*''You'' (1992)
*''Chant'' for solo cello (or solo viola) (1992–94)
*''The Riot'' for flute, piccolo, bass clarinet and piano (1993)
*''One Evening...'' for soprano, mezzo, soprano, chamber ensemble of 8 players, 2 technicians and electronics (1993–94)
*''The Angels'' for choir (1994)
*''Tombeau de Messiaen'' for piano and tape (1994)
*''Advaya'' for cello, electronic keyboard and electronics (1994)
*''Dum Transisset Sabbatum'' for choir (1995)
*String Quartet No. 3 (1995)
*Percussion Concerto (1997)
*''Sufi Dance'' for solo guitar (1997)
*''Wheel of Emptiness'' for chamber ensemble of 16 players (1997)
*''Ashes Dance Back'' for choir and electronics (1997)
*''Death of Light/Light of Death'' for chamber ensemble of 5 players after Grunewald's Crucifixion in the [[Isenheim Altarpiece]] (1998)
*''Tranquil Abiding'' for chamber orchestra (1998)
*''Valley of Aosta'' for 13 players and electronics (1998)
*''Marahi'' for unaccompanied choir (1999)
*''The Summer Cloud's Awakening'' for choir, flute, cello and electronics (2001)
*''Vers'' for piano (2000)
*''Jubilus'' for viola and chamber ensemble (2003)
*String Quartet No. 4 with live electronics (2003)
*String Trio (2004)
*''Body Mandala'' for orchestra (2006)
*''[[Wagner Dream]]'', opera (2007)
*''Speakings'' for orchestra and electronics (2008)
*''Other Presences'' for trumpet and electronics (2008)
*''Imaginings'' for cello and live electronics
*''Philia's Dream'' for cello and synthesizer
*''Weltethos'' , an oratorio, for speaker, choir, children's chorus and orchestra (2011), commissioned by the [[Berlin Philharmonic]]<ref>See the [https://www.digitalconcerthall.com/en/concert/2459 information on the site of the digital concert hall]. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</ref>
*''Cirrus Light'' for clarinet (2012) 9min<ref>See [https://www.fabermusic.com/music/cirrus-light-5550 Programme note] at Faber Music. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</ref>
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
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* Alcorn, P. M. (1992). ''Perspectives of Electroacoustic Music: A Critical Study of the Electroacoustic Music of Jonathan Harvey, [[Denis Smalley]] and [[Trevor Wishart]]''. Ph.D. diss. Durham: University of Durham.
* [[Adrian Beaumont|Beaumont, Adrian]] (1998). "Expectation and Interpretation in the Reception of New Music: A Case Study". In ''Composition—Performance—Reception: Studies in the Creative Process'', edited by Wyndham Thomas, 93–104. Aldershot: Ashgate. {{ISBN|1-85928-325-X}}.
* Bossis, Bruno (2017). "Les premiers contacts de Jonathan Harvey avec la technologie et la Set Theory, vers une pensée musicale à la fois structuraliste et spiritualiste." ''Nuove Musiche'' no. 3: 29–44.
* Bossis, Bruno (2004). "''Mortuos plango, vivos voco'' de Jonathan Harvey ou le miroir de la spiritualité". ''Musurgia: Analyse et pratique musicales'' 11, nos. 1–2 (Images de la Voix): 119–144.
* Bowling, Irene Ruth (1989). "British Piano Music Since 1945: A Selected Survey". DMA diss. Seattle: University of Washington.
* Brech, Martha (1993). ''Analyse elektroakustischer Musik mit Hilfe von Sonagrammen''. Europäische Hochschulschriften XXXVI: Musikwissenschaft, Nr. 118. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. {{ISBN|3-631-47427-X}}.
* Brech, Martha (1999). "Im Spannungsfeld zwischen Archaik und Moderne: Riten im Electronic Listening und der Elektroakustischen Musik". In ''Musik und Ritual: Fünf Kongreßbeiträge, zwei freie Beiträge und ein Seminarbericht'', edited by Barbara Barthelmes and [[Helga de la Motte-Haber]], 89–109. Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Neue Musik und Musikerziehung Darmstadt, no. 39. Mainz: Schott. {{ISBN|978-3-7957-1779-7}}.
* [[David Brown (musicologist)|Brown, David]] (1968). "Jonathan Harvey". ''[[The Musical Times]]'' 109, no. 1507 (September) 808–810.
* Denut, Éric (2002). "Chemins de traverse entre l'un et le multiple: Une introduction à l'œuvre de Jonathan Harvey". ''Musica falsa: Musique, art, philosophie'', no. 16 (Fall): 36–39.
* Donin, Nicolas (2006). "Spatialization as a Compositional Tool and Individual Access to Music in the Future". ''Circuit: Musiques contemporaines'' 16, no. 3: 75–81.
* Felici, Candida (2017). "Spectral thinking as spiritual search ...und electronics ist auch dabei: Jonathan Harvey's Tombeau de Messiaen, String Quartet No. 4 and Speakings." ''Nuove Musiche'' no. 3: 119–153.
* Foreman, Ronald Lewis Edmund (ed.) (1975). ''British Music Now: A Guide to the Work of Younger Composers''. London: Elek.
* Fuchs, Jörn Florian (2007). "Buddhistische Träume aus Licht und Elektronik: Jonathan Harveys ''Wagner Dream'' am Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg uraufgeführt (6. Juni 2007)". ''Wagnerspectrum'' 3, no. 2:185–186.
* Γεωργάκη, Αναστασία [Geōrgakī, Anastasia] (2004). "Η μεταφυσική διάσταση της συνθετικής τραγουδιστής φωνής στο έργο ''Mortuos Plango-Vivos Voco'' (J. Harvey, 1980)" [The Metaphysical Dimension of the Synthetic Singing Voice in the Work ''Mortuos plango, vivos voco'' (J. Harvey, 1980)]. ''Polyfōnia'', no. 4 (Spring): 57–92.
* [[Paul Griffiths (writer)|Griffiths, Paul]] (1984). "Three Works by Jonathan Harvey: The Electronic Mirror". ''Contemporary Music Review'' 1, no. 1 (Musical Thought at [[IRCAM]]) 87–109.
* Griffiths, Paul (1985). ''New Sounds, New Personalities: British Composers of the 1980s in Conversation with Paul Griffiths''. London: Faber and Faber. {{ISBN|0-571-10061-9}}.
* Groot, Rokus de (2002). "De klank van het oosten: Transformaties in de westerse klassieke muziek onder invloed van concepten over het oosten—Klank en spiritualiteit". ''Krisis: Tijdschrift voor empirische filosofie'' 3, no. 4:96–105.
* Halász, Péter (1994). "Beszélgetés Jonathan Harvey angol zeneszerzővel" [Interview with the English Composer Jonathan Harvey]. ''Muzsika'' 37, no. 9 (September): 33–36.
* Jenkins, Matthew (2006). "A Search for Emptiness: An Interview with Jonathan Harvey". ''[[Perspectives of New Music]]'' 44, no. 2 (Summer): 220–231.
* Johnson, Julian M. (2003a). "Precarious Rapture: The Recent Music of Jonathan Harvey". In ''Aspects of British Music of the 1990s'', edited by Peter O'Hagan, 63–84. Burlington, Vermont: Ashgate. {{ISBN|0-7546-3041-2}}.
* Johnson, Julian M. (2003b). "A {{sic}} Interview with Jonathan Harvey". In ''Aspects of British Music of the 1990s'', edited by Peter O'Hagan, 119–129. Burlington, Vermont: Ashgate. {{ISBN|0-7546-3041-2}}.
* Joos, Maxime (2002). "'La cloche et la vague': Introduction à la musique spectrale—Tristan Murail et Jonathan Harvey". ''Musica falsa: Musique, art, philosophie'', no. 16 (Fall): 30–31.
* [[Gabriel Josipovici|Josipovici, Gabriel]] (1989). "Music and Literary Form". ''Contemporary Music Review'' 5 (Music and Text): 65–75.
* [[Michael Kennedy (music critic)|Kennedy, Michael]] (2006), ''The Oxford Dictionary of Music'', 985 pages, {{ISBN|0-19-861459-4}}
* [[John Palmer (composer)|Palmer, John]] (1998a). "Jonathan Harvey's Inquest of Love: The Redemptive Spirit of Art". ''20th-Century Music'' 5, no. 5 (May): 8–11.
* Palmer, John (1998b). "A Conversation with Jonathan Harvey". ''20th-Century Music'' 5, no. 8 (August): 1–8.
* Palmer, John (1998c). "An Introduction to Jonathan Harvey's ''Bhakti''". ''20th-Century Music'' 5, no. 11 (November): 6–15.
* Palmer, John (1998d). "Structural Strategies and Pitch Gestalt in Jonathan Harvey's ''Bhakti''". ''20th-Century Music'' 5, no. 12 (December): 4–24.
* Palmer, John (2001). ''Jonathan Harvey's ''Bhakti'' for Chamber Ensemble and Electronics: Serialism, Electronics, and Spirituality''. Studies in the History and Interpretation of Music 77. Lewiston, New York : Edwin Mellen Press. {{ISBN|0-7734-7436-6}}.
* Pavia, Marcela (2017). "Tombeau de Messiaen, ovvero del dualismo armonia/timbro." ''Nuove Musiche'' no. 3: 83–117.
* [[Jim Samson|Samson, Jim]] (1981). "Nowe tendencje w angielskiej muzyce orkiestrowej" [New Trends in British Orchestral Music]. ''Muzyka: Kwartalnik poświęcony historii i teorii muzyki'' 26, no. 2:3–21.
* Seo, Juri (2013). ''Jonathan Harvey's String Quartets.'' DMA diss. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
* Seo, Juri (2017). "Jonathan Harvey's String Quartets Nos. 1 and 2." ''Nuove Musiche'' no. 3: 45–81.
* [[Denis Smalley|Smalley, Denis]] (1993). "Defining Transformations". ''Interface: Journal of New Music Research'' 22, no. 4 (November): 279–300.
* Smith, Pamela (1989). "Towards the Spiritual: The Electroacoustic Music of Jonathan Harvey". ''Contact'', no. 34 (Fall): 11–16.
* [[Makis Solomos|Solomos, Makis]] (1998). "L'identité du son: Notes croisées sur Jonathan Harvey et Gérard Grisey". ''Résonance: Semestriel d'information musicale'', no. 13 (March): 12–15.
* Sykes, Claire (2003). "Spiritual Spectralism: The Music of Jonathan Harvey". ''[[Musicworks]]: Explorations in Sound'', no. 87 (Fall): 30–37.
* Thompson, Daniel N. (1999). "Beyond Duality: Stasis, Silence, and Vertical Listening". ''Current Musicology'', nos. 67–68 (Fall–Winter): 487–517.
* Vandenheede, Jan (1992). "Jonathan Harvey's ''Ritual Melodies''". ''Interface: Journal of New Music Research'' 21, no. 2) 149–183.
* [[Arnold Whittall|Whittall, Arnold]] (1999). ''Jonathan Harvey''. London: Faber. {{ISBN|0-571-19581-4}}. French edition, as ''Jonathan Harvey'', translated by [[Peter Szendy]], and Éric De Visscher. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2000. {{ISBN|2-7384-8860-9}}.
* Whittall, Arnold (2001). "Harvey, Jonathan (Dean)". ''[[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians]]'', 2nd edition, edited by [[Stanley Sadie]] and [[John Tyrrell (musicologist)|John Tyrrell]]. London: Macmillan.
* Whittall, Arnold (2017). "The Essence of Jonathan Harvery." ''Nuove Musiche'' no. 3: 13–27.
* [[John Charles Winter|Winter, John]] (1985). "Jonathan Harvey's Church Music". ''Composer'', no. 84 (Spring): 16–21.
{{div col end}}

==External links==
*[https://jonathanharveycomposer.com/ Jonathan Harvey] website{{ContemporaryMusicOnline|Harvey|works}}
*{{BrahmsOnline|1578}}
*[http://www.compositiontoday.com/articles/jonathan_harvey_interview.asp Jonathan Harvey] Interview by Daniel Jaffé. Originally published in ''Classic CD'', July 1999: republished www.compositiontoday.com
*Vanessa Thorpe: [https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/sep/05/jonathan-harvey-classical-music-amplifiers Composer Jonathan Harvey calls for amplified classical music to attract young audiences] [[The Observer]] 5 September 2010
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110724060020/http://futureradio.co.uk/podcast/2010/september/chance-music-jonathan-harvey Chance Music with Jonathan Harvey] Interview by Bob Shingleton. Future Radio, 5 September 2010
*[http://stasymphony.wordpress.com/2010/09/14/is-there-justification-for-amplification/ Composing Oneself] [[University of St Andrews]] 600th Anniversary Composition Competition 14 October 2010

{{Spectral music}}
{{portal bar|Classical music|England|Music}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Harvey, Jonathan}}
[[Category:1939 births]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century British classical composers]]
[[Category:21st-century British classical composers]]
[[Category:Deaths from motor neuron disease in England]]
[[Category:English classical composers]]
[[Category:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Princeton University alumni]]
[[Category:Academics of Imperial College London]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Sussex]]
[[Category:People from Sutton Coldfield]]
[[Category:English opera composers]]
[[Category:British male opera composers]]
[[Category:English male classical composers]]
[[Category:20th-century English composers]]
[[Category:20th-century British male musicians]]
[[Category:21st-century British male musicians]]