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{{short description|2007 school shooting in Tuusula, Finland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Jokela school shooting
| image = Finland Jokela HighSchool-yard.JPG
| caption = Jokela High School's yard
| location = [[Jokela]], [[Tuusula]], Finland
| coordinates = {{Coord|60|32|56|N|024|57|49|E|region:FI-18_type:event|display=inline,title}}
| target = Students and staff at [[Jokela High School]]
| date = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2007|11|7}}
| time = 11:42–12:04<ref name="yle1">{{cite news
  | url = http://www.yle.fi/news/id74371.html 
  | title = Nine Dead in School Shooting
  | publisher = [[Yle]]
  | date = 2007-11-08
  | access-date = 2007-11-09}}</ref>
| timezone = [[Eastern European Time|UTC+2]]
| type = [[School shooting]], [[mass shooting]], [[mass murder]], [[murder–suicide]], attempted [[arson]]
| fatalities = 9 (including the perpetrator)<ref name="CNN">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/europe/11/07/school.shooting/index.html|title=Teen gunman dead from critical injuries who opened fire on Finnish classmates|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=2007-11-07|access-date=2007-11-07| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071109052100/http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/europe/11/07/school.shooting/index.html| archive-date = November 9, 2007}}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7082795.stm|title=Fatal shooting at Finnish school|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2007-11-07|access-date=2007-11-07}}</ref>
| injuries = 13 (1 by gunfire)<ref name="InvestigationReport"/>
| perp = Pekka-Eric Auvinen
| weapons = [[.22 Long Rifle|.22 calibre]] [[SIG Sauer Mosquito]] [[semi-automatic pistol]]
| motive = * [[Misanthropy]]
* Retaliation for [[bullying]]
* [[Social Darwinism]]
}}

The '''Jokela school shooting''', also known as the '''Jokela High School massacre''', occurred on 7 November 2007, at [[Jokela High School]] in the [[town]] of [[Jokela]], [[Tuusula]], Finland. The gunman, 18-year-old Pekka-Eric Auvinen, entered the school that morning armed with a [[semi-automatic pistol]]. He killed eight people and wounded one before shooting himself in the head; twelve others were also injured by flying glass or by spraining their [[ankle]]s during the ensuing chaos.<ref name="InvestigationReport">{{cite web|author=Petäjäniemi, Tuulikki (Chairman); Valonen, Kai (LL.M. Secretary, Chief Accident Investigator)|url=http://www.turvallisuustutkinta.fi/material/attachments/otkes/tutkintaselostukset/fi/poikkeuksellisettapahtumat/SbmrFqAo3/Jokela_School_Shooting_on_7_November_2007.pdf|title=Jokela School Shooting on 7 November 2007: Report of the Investigation Commission|publisher=[[Ministry of Justice (Finland)|Ministry of Justice]]|location=[[Helsinki]]|date=February 26, 2009|access-date=May 19, 2017}}</ref> Auvinen died later that evening in a [[Helsinki]] hospital.

This was the second [[school shooting]] in the history of Finland. The [[Raumanmeri school shooting|previous incident]] occurred in 1989 at the Raumanmeri school in [[Rauma, Finland|Rauma]], when a 14-year-old fatally shot two fellow students.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.yle.fi/news/left/id74423.html|title=School Shootings Rare in Finland|publisher=[[Yle]]|date=2007-11-07|access-date=2007-11-07}}</ref> Less than one year after the Jokela school massacre, the [[Kauhajoki school shooting]] occurred, which is thought to have been heavily inspired by Auvinen.

==Massacre==
At approximately 11:40, Pekka-Eric Auvinen entered Jokela High School's ground-floor main hallway, having missed his first lesson. He encountered a student in the corridor and killed him at 11:42, then moved to the lavatories. Soon after, other students found the victim's body but assumed he was rendered unconscious from a bump to his head. Other students heard the sound of gunshots but did not recognise them. At the lavatories, Auvinen fatally shot two more students, prompting the school nurse to call emergency services. After shooting and killing a student outside the lavatory, Auvinen ran after the nurse, caught up to her, and fatally shot her and another student at 11:46.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/>

At 11:47, [[head teacher]] Helena Kalmi was alerted to the shooting by the deputy head teacher. She immediately ordered all students and teachers via [[Public address system|PA system]] to barricade themselves inside their classrooms. After this, Auvinen began shouting and firing randomly, discharging his gun a total of 53 times in the corridors. At one point, he encountered the mother of a student as she was entering the school but spared her. Auvinen then attempted to enter a classroom, shooting three times through the barricaded door and hitting a student in the toe. Auvinen then moved on to the school's second floor and found two students sitting on a bench in the corridor. While one student escaped uninjured, the other was shot and killed.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/>

Auvinen began pouring [[two-stroke engine]] fuel (a petrol and oil mixture) on corridor walls and floors, but he was not able to ignite the fuel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.poliisi.fi/poliisi/krp/home.nsf/PFBD/544F0B84A5C04A9FC225742E0029C866/$file/Jokela+end.pdf?OpenElement |title=Archived copy |access-date=2008-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522081534/http://www.poliisi.fi/poliisi/krp/home.nsf/PFBD/544F0B84A5C04A9FC225742E0029C866/$file/Jokela+end.pdf?OpenElement |archive-date=2011-05-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He then went to the school [[cafeteria|canteen]] on the first floor and tried to enter, but the sliding glass doors were locked. After demanding to be let in, Auvinen fired through the glass, hitting some chairs inside. People hiding in the canteen were able to escape through the other end of the room and hid in the rooms behind the kitchen. No one in the canteen was injured.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/>

At 11:54, Kalmi left the school with the education welfare officer and stopped between the building and a nearby pond to talk on the telephone. The education welfare officer went on ahead to the car park to guide rescue vehicles into the area.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> Auvinen, cursing, emerged from the school and encountered Kalmi,<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> who tried to convince him to surrender. At 11:57, he shot her seven times in view of a group of students in the schoolyard, fatally wounding her.<ref name="hbl">{{cite news |title=Rektorn sköts med sju skott |url=http://hbl.fi/text/inrikes/2007/11/9/d7421.php?rss |publisher=[[Hufvudstadsbladet]] |date=2007-11-09 |access-date=2007-11-12 |language=sv |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225065856/http://hbl.fi/text/inrikes/2007/11/9/d7421.php?rss |archive-date=2007-12-25 }}</ref>

Auvinen reentered the school, went back to the first floor,<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> and began walking around, knocking on classroom doors.<ref name="LocalClergy"/> He then managed to enter an occupied comprehensive-school classroom.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> Inside, he shouted orders at some of the students, proclaimed a revolution, and urged the students to destroy school property.<ref name="LocalClergy">{{cite news |title=Local clergy help Jokela residents cope with shooting aftermath |url=http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Local+clergy+help+Jokela+residents+cope+with+shooting+aftermath/1135231758318 
|newspaper=[[Helsingin Sanomat]] |date=2007-11-12 |access-date=2007-11-13}}{{dead link|date=March 2025}}</ref> Despite firing two shots at a television set and a window, Auvinen left the classroom without shooting anyone.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/>

A few minutes later, Auvinen spotted the first responding police officers and paramedics converging at the area of the inner court. He fired a shot at them through a window, but the bullet failed to penetrate the glass. At 12:03, Auvinen took another position near the main entrance and fired two more shots at police officers who tried to approach and negotiate with him. No officers were hit. Soon afterwards, he walked into the lavatory next to the canteen and threw his jacket and bag on the floor. After that Auvinen walked into a restroom and shot himself in the head, ending the shooting at 12:04.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> Police found Auvinen laying on the floor of the bathroom and he was taken to the [[Töölö]] campus of [[Helsinki University Central Hospital]] at 14:45, where he died at 22:15 from the gunshot wound.<ref name="MourningDay">{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601102&sid=aAAinjwfkXII&refer=uk |title=Finland Declares Day of Mourning After School Murders (Update2) |access-date=2007-11-08 |publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]] |date=2007-11-08}}</ref><ref name="NineDead">{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/world/nine-dead-after-high-school-massacre/2007/11/08/1194329351154.html |title=Nine dead after Finland school shooting |access-date=2007-11-07 |newspaper=[[The Age]] | location=Melbourne | date=2007-11-08}}</ref><ref name="TeenDead">{{cite news |title=Teen dead who opened fire on Finnish classmates, police say |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/europe/11/07/school.shooting/index.html |publisher=CNN |access-date= 2007-11-07| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071109052100/http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/europe/11/07/school.shooting/index.html| archive-date = November 9, 2007 |date=2007-11-07}}</ref> The victims all sustained multiple injuries to the upper body and head.<ref name="yle2">{{cite news |title=Police: Gunman Acted Alone |url=http://www.yle.fi/news/id74455.html |publisher=Yle |date=2007-11-08 |access-date=2007-11-09}}</ref>

===Emergency response===
{{more citations needed|section|date=November 2017}}<!--only last paragraph has citations-->
The first emergency services call was reported at 11:43:14 by a student, though it was initially reported that the victim in question was bleeding from a bump on his head. The operator alerted two ambulances at 11:44:11. During the alert, gunshots were heard in the background, but the operator either did not hear them or was unable to identify them. The caller then tried to inform the operator that there was someone with a gun, but he was in a state of panic at the time and the operator could not understand the situation. At 11:46:38, it was finally determined a shooter was involved, and the incident was reclassified as a shooting.<ref name="InvestigationCommission">{{cite web|url=https://schoolshooters.info/sites/default/files/Jokela%20School%20Shooting%20Official%20Report.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613200050/https://schoolshooters.info/sites/default/files/Jokela%20School%20Shooting%20Official%20Report.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 June 2021|title=Jokela School Shooting on 7 November 2007 Report of the Investigation Commission|date=2006-02-26|accessdate=2019-12-19}}</ref>

Police patrols were alerted, and the first officers arrived at the scene at 11:55 to begin evacuating students and staff from the building. Ambulances also arrived at the same time.<ref name="InvestigationCommission"/> In addition to officers from the local police department, officers from the Central [[Uusimaa]], [[Hyvinkää]], and [[Vantaa]] police departments, along with officers from a special readiness unit, were involved in the police response.<ref name="InvestigationCommission"/> The medical response consisted of a total of twelve ambulance units, along with two rescue units and a medical helicopter.

Despite reports of only one gunman, the police realised the information was not definite and considered the possibility of multiple assailants. They converged on the inner court, where they believed three or four victims were located according to information given by students, but found no bodies there. Meanwhile, between 12:05 and 12:15, a patrol blockading the pool beside the school building found Kalmi, alive but badly wounded. [[Basic life support]] was initiated on her, but despite these efforts she died of her injuries at the scene.<ref name="InvestigationCommission"/>

Between 12:35 and 12:37, an estimated 200 students and staff were evacuated from the school and relocated to a nearby centre. Readiness unit officers entered the school, and by 13:38, they found six of the victims, four in the hallway and the other two on a corridor stairway. At 13:54, they found Auvinen's body next to a men's lavatory near the canteen. Signs of life were detected, and he was moved out of the building to receive first aid. At 13:58, the officers found the last victim on the school's second floor. They believed he was still alive and moved him out of the school to receive first aid, but a doctor determined that the victim had already died by the time he was found.<ref name="InvestigationCommission"/>

By 14:29, the school was cleared, and no additional gunmen were found. A second inspection of the building was initiated for final confirmation, and the last students were evacuated by 15:17. The second inspection was completed at 15:40.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/><ref name="MourningDay"/><ref name="NineDead"/><ref name="TeenDead"/><ref name="InvestigationCommission"/>

===Victims===
All of the following were killed in the shooting (minus the perpetrator):<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/nov/10/schools.schoolsworldwide|title = The pupil who declared war| website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |date = 10 November 2007}}</ref>
* Nurmi "Same" Sameli, male, 17 (student)
* Mika Petteri Pulkkinen, male, 17 (student)
* Ari Juhani Palsanen, male, 18 (student)
* Hanna Katariina Laaksonen Kinnunen, female, 25 (student)
* Sirkka Anneli Kaarakka, female, 43 (nurse)
* Mikko Tapani "Mikkous" Hiltunen, male, 17 (student)
* Ville Valtteri "Viltsi" Heinonen, male, 16 (student)
* Helena Kalmi, female, 61 (head teacher/principal)

==Perpetrator==
{{Wikinews| Perpetrator of Finnish school shooting dies in hospital}}
'''Pekka-Eric Auvinen''' (4 June 1989 &ndash; 7 November 2007), an 18-year-old student at Jokela High School, was born in [[Tuusula]], [[Uusimaa]], Finland.<ref name="HS">{{cite news|url=http://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/artikkeli/Yksin+viihtyv%C3%A4+nuorukainen+rakensi+oman+el%C3%A4m%C3%A4nkatsomuksensa/1135231629447 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109142815/http://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/artikkeli/Yksin%2Bviihtyv%C3%A4%2Bnuorukainen%2Brakensi%2Boman%2Bel%C3%A4m%C3%A4nkatsomuksensa/1135231629447 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2007-11-09 |newspaper=Helsingin Sanomat |title=Yksin viihtyvä nuorukainen rakensi oman elämänkatsomuksensa |access-date=2007-11-07 |language=fi}}</ref> Prior to the shooting, he had no criminal record. His father, a musician, named him after the guitarists [[Albert Järvinen|Pekka Järvinen]] and [[Eric Clapton]]. According to the official report filed by the [[National Bureau of Investigation (Finland)|National Bureau of Investigation]], Auvinen did moderately well in school and had plans to graduate in the following spring. He was regarded as a shy student, often isolating himself from others, and blushing easily when embarrassed. According to some, he had been the target of long-term bullying.

=== Mental health ===
Between December 2006 and January 2007, Auvinen's parents tried to get him referred to a psychiatric outpatient clinic for his [[depression (mood)|depression]] and [[anxiety]], but the offer was refused due to his perceived mild symptoms. Instead, treatment using [[antidepressants]] was recommended to Auvinen's parents before any attempts to hospitalize him. Auvinen would go on to tell his online acquaintance that he would not be making it to [[Conscription in Finland|military service]] the following months, leaving several other cryptic and homicidal messages with her the day before his attack.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> Auvinen had irregularly taken [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|SSRIs]] one year prior to his death.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/uutinen.asp?id=1465540|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120802133636/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/uutinen.asp?id=1465540|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 2, 2012|publisher=Ilta-Sanomat|title=Asiantuntija: Epäsäännöllinen lääkitys on riski|access-date=2007-12-13|language=fi}}</ref> Auvinen was frequently bullied at school<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/uutinen.asp?id=1456976|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120905074927/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/uutinen.asp?id=1456976|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 5, 2012|title=Poliisi: Auvinen oli vuosia koulukiusattu|publisher=Ilta-Sanomat|access-date=2007-11-21}}</ref> and school students reported changes in his behavior to a youth worker, saying he acted threateningly and remarked that they would die in "a white revolution".<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> One of his teachers described him as a militant radical who was interested in both [[far-right]] and [[far-left]] movements.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hs.fi/english/article/BREAKING+NEWS+Eight+killed+in+school+shooting+in+Jokela+north+of+Helsinki+gunman+in+critical+condition/1135231614979|title=Eight killed in school shooting in Jokela, north of Helsinki, gunman in critical condition|newspaper=[[Helsingin Sanomat]]|access-date=2007-11-07}}</ref> Auvinen had apparently been planning the shooting since at least early March 2006 before he met any of the [[YouTube]]rs or online gamers who had later been blamed for the massacre.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/>

=== Online activity ===
Auvinen had a number of online accounts, including two YouTube accounts under the [[Pseudonym|aliases]] of "Sturmgeist89" and "NaturalSelector89" on which he uploaded videos about school shootings and violent incidents, including the [[Columbine High School massacre]], the [[Waco siege]], the [[Tokyo subway sarin attack]], and bombing during the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]].<ref name="CNN"/> He would also post videos [[Antireligion|attacking religion]]. Shortly before the shooting, Auvinen posted a video of him displaying his weapon and shooting at apples. Before the attack, his final video was posted titled "Jokela High School Massacre - 11/7/2007". The video began with a picture of Jokela High School before it faded to red-filtered pictures depicting the shooter holding his firearm. The song "[[Symbols (album)|Stray Bullet]]" by [[KMFDM]] is played in the background throughout the entire video.

Several months before the shooting, an American YouTube [[vlogger]], [[TJ Kirk]], called for authorities to investigate accounts with content on school shootings, including one used by Auvinen. What seemed to have linked the two was a woman whose YouTube username was "Robin McVeigh" (a reference to the US domestic terrorist [[Timothy McVeigh]], who she idolized along with other well-known killers). She would routinely attack those who disagreed with murder and threatened the lives of many YouTube users. She was also connected to Dillon Cossey, a 14-year-old boy who would be arrested in October on suspicion of planning an attack on his school in a suburb of [[Philadelphia]].<ref>{{cite news | title=YouTube killer... | work=[[Times Online]] | url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article2842356.ece | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511202618/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article2842356.ece | url-status=dead | archive-date=11 May 2008 | access-date=2007-11-09 | location=London | first=Roger | last=Boyesand | date=2007-11-10}}</ref> "Robin McVeigh" later organized the small but vocal community of online individuals who idolized mass killers (such as Auvinen) into slandering both Kirk and a female YouTuber friend who told him of the dangers by claiming the two had bullied Auvinen, despite multiple attempts on Kirk's part to reach out to Auvinen for emotional support.<ref>http://www.pro-medienmagazin.de/internet.html?&news[action]=detail&news[id]=4936 {{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.intern.de/internet-news/2782---200711092782.html |title = Amokschützen und ihre Ankündigungen &#124; Intern.de |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130206212513/http://www.intern.de/internet-news/2782---200711092782.html |archive-date=6 February 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine| url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2007/11/youtuber-warned/ | magazine=Wired | first=Ryan | last=Singel | title=YouTuber Warned of Finnish Gunman in June, But No One Listened | date=2007-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/web/schulmassaker-in-finnland-warnung-vor-amoklaeufer-schon-im-juni-a-516645.html|title=Schulmassaker in Finnland: Warnung vor Amoklufer schon im Juni|author=SPIEGEL ONLINE, Hamburg, Germany|date=10 November 2007|work=SPIEGEL ONLINE|access-date=11 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vg.no/nyheter/utenriks/artikkel.php?artid=183844|title=- Advarte mot skoleskytter på YouTube for fem måneder siden|author=Dennis Ravndal|work=VG|date=9 November 2007 |access-date=11 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/YouTube-User-Pointed-Finger-at-Finland-Shooter-6-Months-Ago-70457.shtml|title=YouTube User Pointed Finger at Finland Shooter 6 Months Ago|author=Vlad Constandes|date=9 November 2007|work=softpedia|access-date=11 January 2015}}</ref> A spokesman for the [[cyber crime]] department of Helsinki police has stated that "it's highly probable that there was some form of contact between Pekka-Eric Auvinen and Dillon Cossey". Auvinen often liked playing violent video games, such as ''[[Hitman: Codename 47]]'', ''[[Hitman 2: Silent Assassin]]'', ''[[Super Columbine Massacre RPG!]]'', and ''[[Battlefield 2]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Katheen |first=Brady |date=November 13, 2007 |title=Accused Montco teen exchanged e-mails with a mass killer |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/homepage/20071113_Cossey__Finnish_student_had_ties_Montco_teen_exchanged_e-mails_with_murderer_.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Stevens |first=James |date=November 2007 |title=Jokela_School_Shooting_November_2007 |url=https://www.turvallisuustutkinta.fi/material/attachments/otkes/tutkintaselostukset/fi/poikkeuksellisettapahtumat/SbmrFqAo3/Jokela_School_Shooting_on_7_November_2007.pdf}}</ref>

=== File package ===
Before setting off on his rampage, Auvinen uploaded a file package containing twenty-one media files to the Internet. It contained pictures of himself, his firearm, Jokela High School, one undisclosed music file, and three documents in [[Finnish language|Finnish]] and [[English language|English]].<ref name="Yle_YouTube">{{Cite news |date=2007-11-07 |title=YouTubessa viesti ammuskelusta jo tiistaina |trans-title=A YouTube message on a jumper Tuesday |url=http://www.yle.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/oikea/id74368.html |access-date=2008-09-26 |work=[[Yle]] |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Mäki |first=Matias |date=2007-11-07 |title=Tuusulan ampuja jätti Youtubeen täyden mediapaketin |trans-title=Tuusula shooter left Youtube a full media package |url=http://www.digitoday.fi/yhteiskunta/2007/11/07/Tuusulan+ampuja+j%E4tti+Youtubeen+t%E4yden+mediapaketin/200728052/66 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909231837/http://www.digitoday.fi:80/yhteiskunta/2007/11/07/tuusulan-ampuja-jatti-youtubeen-tayden-mediapaketin/200728052/66 |archive-date=2009-09-09 |access-date=2007-11-07 |work=Digitoday |publisher=[[Taloussanomat]] |language=fi}}</ref>

The longest text was the "Natural Selector's Manifesto", in which Auvinen explained his thoughts and rationale behind the shooting. He emphasized that he wanted his attack to be seen as not a mere school shooting but an outright act of [[terrorism]]. The text is an amalgamation of Auvinen's favourite various socially-critical thinkers, including [[Plato]] and [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], and also contains references to the ''[[Industrial Society and Its Future|Unabomber Manifesto]]''. Auvinen separates human beings into three groups based on their ability to think critically, as well as explains his role as a "natural selector" meant to [[Social Darwinism|weed out the weakest aspects of humanity]]. He refers to his actions as a "total war against humanity" and rationalizes his massacre by depicting it as a rightful culling of the weak-minded majority. He insisted that both his upbringing and the media he consumed were not at fault for his actions.

Auvinen had also left [[suicide note]]s on his computer directed towards his parents the night before the massacre, with one beginning, "By the time you're reading this, I'm probably already dead."

=== Obtaining the gun ===
Auvinen had received his gun licence in October, then purchased a [[.22 Long Rifle|.22-calibre]] [[SIG Sauer Mosquito]] and 500 rounds of ammunition on 2 November, five days before the shooting. He was a registered member of the Helsinki Shooting Club since 31 August.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> A club spokesman revealed that Auvinen had attended a single one-hour training session.<ref name="yle2"/> He had been given the licence since he was a member of a local shooting club and held no previous criminal record.

The Finnish police require a shooting hobby to begin with a .22-calibre weapon. Auvinen initially wanted to purchase a [[Glock 17|9mm Glock]] pistol, but the application was rejected by police on 12 October under the grounds that, due to its high firepower, the firearm was not suited for precision shooting, as Auvinen had hoped to use it for.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/><ref>
{{cite journal
 |title       = How your gun permit applications are considered
 |website     = Blog.anta.net
 |date        = 2007-10-21
 |url         = http://blog.anta.net/2007/10/21/how-your-gun-permit-applications-are-considered/
 |issn        = 1797-1993
 |access-date  = 2007-11-08
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080703212415/http://blog.anta.net/2007/10/21/how-your-gun-permit-applications-are-considered/
 |archive-date = 2008-07-03
}}
</ref> He later successfully filed an application to purchase a .22-calibre [[Ruger MK III]] pistol, only to find on the day of the purchase that it was unavailable at the time. He then opted to purchase the SIG Sauer Mosquito instead.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/>

Auvinen uploaded a video to YouTube prior to the shooting, declaring that he would carry out a "massacre",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/artikkeli/Lukiolaismies+j%C3%A4tti+verkkoon+runsaasti+tietoa+tulevasta+hy%C3%B6kk%C3%A4yksest%C3%A4/1135231616169 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109142726/http://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/artikkeli/Lukiolaismies%2Bj%C3%A4tti%2Bverkkoon%2Brunsaasti%2Btietoa%2Btulevasta%2Bhy%C3%B6kk%C3%A4yksest%C3%A4/1135231616169 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2007-11-09 |title=Lukiolaismies jätti verkkoon runsaasti tietoa tulevasta hyökkäyksestä |access-date=2007-11-07 |language=fi}}</ref><ref>[http://misc.nybergh.net/pub/jokela/ Pre-massacre videos originally posted to the now terminated sturmgeist89 account on YouTube] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140213044502/http://misc.nybergh.net/pub/jokela/ |date=2014-02-13 }}. Retrieved on 2007-11-08.</ref> and uploaded a manifesto to a file-sharing website. His manifesto expressed anger at his social alienation and called on "strong-minded and intelligent individuals" to revolt against the "idiocracy" of the "weak-minded masses".<ref name="CNN"/><ref name="InvestigationReport"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yle.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/oikea/id74368.html|title=Internetissä ennakoitiin ammuskelua kirjoituksin ja videoin|date=7 November 2007 |access-date=2007-11-07|language=fi}}</ref>

==Criminal investigation==
The police found a total of 75 casings and 327 unused rounds of ammunition at the scene.<ref name="InvestigationReport"/> Flammable liquid was found poured on the walls and floors of the second floor, suggesting that Auvinen had attempted to set the school on fire. They also found Auvinen's suicide note and began analyzing his Internet postings.<ref>{{cite news | title=Finland gunman suicide note found | work=[[BBC]] | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7085329.stm | access-date=2007-11-09 | date=2007-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Finnish Cops Tracing School Shooter's Path | work=[[CBS]] | url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/finnish-cops-tracing-school-shooters-path/ | access-date=2007-11-09 | date=2007-11-08}}</ref> A 2,000-page police report into the shooting was released in April 2008.<ref>{{cite news | title=Teen gun killer sought to be 'a God' | work=[[CNN]] | url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/04/17/school.shooting.ap/?iref=mpstoryview | access-date=2008-04-20 }}{{dead link|date=May 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} </ref>

==Government responses==
{{Wikinews| Finland considers tougher gun laws}}

===Finnish government===
[[Flag of Finland|Flags]]<!-- does it mean the national flag? if yes, please change link to specify it --> were flown at [[half-staff]] on 8 November throughout the country by officials and private entities alike, and the [[Government of Finland|Finnish government]] held a [[moment of silence]] while in session. [[Prime Minister of Finland|Prime Minister]] [[Matti Vanhanen]] sent "his government's heartfelt condolences", strongly noting the need for the media, parents and schools to discuss the incident in the correct light. The Finnish National Board of Education immediately posted directions for the teachers and principals on how to discuss the shootings with pupils, along with shorter instructions for parents. [[President of Finland|President]] [[Tarja Halonen]] sent her condolences as well.<ref>[http://www.oph.fi/pageLast.asp?path=1,434,76189 OPH – Tukea kouluille ja kodeille kriisitilanteessa]. Retrieved 8 November 2007  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109104753/http://www.oph.fi/pageLast.asp?path=1%2C434%2C76189 |date= 9 November 2007 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.vn.fi/tiedostot/julkinen/tallenteet/2007/jokela_071107.rm The Government press conference on Jokela school shooting] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201133111/http://www.vn.fi/tiedostot/julkinen/tallenteet/2007/jokela_071107.rm |date=2007-12-01 }}, 7 November 2007. Retrieved 8 November 2007. {{in lang|fi}}</ref><ref>"[http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-11/08/content_7029901.htm Finnish PM extends condolences to school shooting victims] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109231640/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-11/08/content_7029901.htm |date=2007-11-09 }}". 2007-11-08.</ref> The [[Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland]] opened a crisis centre, situated in the Church of Jokela, in which professional help was administered to those afflicted by the tragedy.<ref>{{cite news | title=Finland school shooter's suicide note examined | work=[[USA Today]] | url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2007-11-08-finland-shooting_N.htm | access-date=2007-11-09 | date=2007-11-08}}</ref> A number of groups appeared on IRC-Gallery and Facebook to grieve or commemorate the victims <ref>{{cite journal|last=Sumíala|first=Johanna|author2=Tikka, Minttu|title="Web First" to Death in the Era of Uncertainty|journal=Nordicom Review|year=2010|volume=2|page=17|doi=10.1515/nor-2017-0127|s2cid=146609134|doi-access=free}}</ref>

The Lutheran Archbishop [[Jukka Paarma]] of Turku, the Orthodox Archbishop Leo of Karelia, the Catholic Bishop Józef Wróbel of Helsinki and other church authorities expressed their condolences to the relatives and loved ones of those who died in the massacre.<ref>[http://195.236.185.50:8080/EVLUutiset.nsf/Documents/75AEE890B5ADA68FC225738D002DAD0F?OpenDocument&lang=FI Kirkolliskokous ottaa osaa Jokelan omaisten suruun] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111041332/http://195.236.185.50:8080/EVLUutiset.nsf/Documents/75AEE890B5ADA68FC225738D002DAD0F?OpenDocument&lang=FI |date=2007-11-11 }}, 8 November 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2007. {{in lang|fi}}</ref><ref>[http://www.ort.fi/fi/index.php?we_objectID=3509 Arkkipiispa Leon osanotto Jokelan uhrien omaisille] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225060420/http://www.ort.fi/fi/index.php?we_objectID=3509 |date=2007-12-25 }}, 7 November 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2007. {{in lang|fi}}</ref><ref>[http://www.catholic.fi/ Osanotto Jokelan murhenäytelmän johdosta] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027151039/http://catholic.fi/ |date=2007-10-27 }}, 7 November 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2007. {{in lang|fi}}</ref> Throughout the country, church buildings were opened for anyone seeking pastoral care; the incident was a major topic in religious services, many of which were specifically held because of the incident.

On 9 November 2007, the Finnish government decided to drop objections to the [[European Union]] directive on firearms. This mandated a common European minimum age limit of 18 years for gun ownership.<ref>{{cite news
  | url = http://www.yle.fi/news/id74628.html
  | title = Finland Drops Objections to EU Firearms Directive
  | publisher = Yle
  | date = 2007-11-09
  | access-date = 2007-11-09}}</ref> After the decision was announced, [[interior minister]] [[Anne Holmlund]] commented through her aide that it was not a direct consequence of the shootings, as the directive had been prepared for a long time and "wouldn't have prevented the events anyway."<ref>{{cite news
  | url = https://www.iltalehti.fi/jokelantragedia/a/200711096829575
  | title = Aselakia tiukennetaan
  | newspaper = [[Iltalehti]]
  | date = 2007-11-09
  | access-date = 2007-12-13
  | language = fi}}</ref>

On 13 November, the Finnish government announced that it would set up a "Commission of Inquiry to investigate the Jokela school shooting and events that bear relevance to the incident".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.government.fi/ajankohtaista/tiedotteet/tiedote/en.jsp?oid=210871|title=An informal cabinet meeting discussed the Jokela school shooting|access-date=2008-01-07|archive-date=2008-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080125103424/http://www.government.fi/ajankohtaista/tiedotteet/tiedote/en.jsp?oid=210871|url-status=dead}}</ref> The investigation report was released in February 2009.<ref name="investigation report">{{Cite book |title= Jokela School Shooting on 7 November 2007. Report of the Investigation Commission |url= http://www.om.fi/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application/pdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobheadername2=Content-Length&blobheadervalue1=inline;%20filename=OMJU%202009%201%20Jokela%20School%20Shooting%20on%207%20November%202007.pdf&blobheadervalue2=1500940&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1238418000079&ssbinary=true&SSURIapptype=BlobServer&SSURIcontainer=Default&SSURIsession=false&SSURIsscontext=Satellite%20Server |format= PDF |access-date= 27 May 2009 |series= Ministry of Justice Publications 2009:1 ISSN 1458-6444 |date= 26 February 2009 |publisher= Ministry of Justice, Finland |location= Helsinki |isbn= 978-952-466-804-0 |archive-date= 23 February 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120223181251/http://www.om.fi/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobheadername2=Content-Length&blobheadervalue1=inline%3B%20filename%3DOMJU%202009%201%20Jokela%20School%20Shooting%20on%207%20November%202007.pdf&blobheadervalue2=1500940&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1238418000079&ssbinary=true&SSURIapptype=BlobServer&SSURIcontainer=Default&SSURIsession=false&SSURIsscontext=Satellite%20Server |url-status= dead }}</ref>

According to the [[Finnish Ministry of Justice]], a legislative process aimed at establishing an enabling Act covering the Terms of an official Investigative Commission would be finalised by the end of March 2008. The plan was to have a Final Report, covering the Jokela school shooting incident, finalised in one year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eqrolc.ca/vatcom.shtml#finl |title=EQUITAS Jokela school shooting Inquiry UPDATE (02.08.08) |access-date=2008-02-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227034725/http://www.eqrolc.ca/vatcom.shtml |archive-date=December 27, 2007 }}</ref>

===International governments and organisations===
*{{flag|Estonia}}: [[President of Estonia|President]] [[Toomas Hendrik Ilves]] sent a message of condolences on behalf of the Estonian people to President Halonen, saying he had been shocked and saddened by the news.<ref name="president.ee">[http://www.president.ee/en/duties/press_releases.php?gid=103916] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225234518/http://www.president.ee/en/duties/press_releases.php?gid=103916|date=2007-12-25}}, Retrieved 12 November 2007.</ref>
*{{flag|Iceland}}: [[President of Iceland|President]] [[Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson]] sent a message of condolences on behalf of the Icelandic people to Finnish President Tarja Halonen. "On behalf of myself and the Icelandic people, I wish to express our condolences to the Finnish people for the tragic event in Tuusula earlier today."<ref>[http://eyjan.is/blog/2007/11/07/samu%C3%B0arkve%C3%B0jur-fra-forseta-islands-til-forseta-finna/ Samúðarkveðjur frá forseta Íslands til forseta Finna] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111063425/http://eyjan.is/blog/2007/11/07/samu%C3%B0arkve%C3%B0jur-fra-forseta-islands-til-forseta-finna/ |date=2007-11-11 }},  Retrieved 8 November 2007. {{in lang|is}}</ref>
*{{flag|Ireland}}: [[President of Ireland|President]] [[Mary McAleese]], [[Taoiseach]] [[Bertie Ahern]] and a number of Irish schoolchildren expressed their condolences to Finnish President Tarja Halonen on 12 November during Halonen's [[state visit]] to the country.<ref name="yle20071112-ireland">{{cite news 
 |title=Ahern välitti osanottonsa Haloselle 
 |url=http://www.yle.fi/uutiset/ulkomaat/oikea/id74818.html 
 |publisher=[[Yleisradio|Yleisradio Oy]] 
 |date=2007-11-12 
 |access-date=2008-01-11 
 |language=fi 
 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130213100137/http://www.yle.fi/uutiset/ulkomaat/oikea/id74818.html 
 |archive-date=2013-02-13 
 |url-status=dead 
 }}</ref>

*{{flag|Norway}}: [[Harald V of Norway|King Harald V]] sent a message of condolences to Finnish President Tarja Halonen. "It is with deep sorrow that I have received the news of the tragedy at the Jokela secondary school in Tusby yesterday, which resulted in such a meaningless loss of lives. I send you my heartfelt condolences and my sincerest sympathies to all the bereaved and the Finnish people."<ref>[http://www.vg.no/pub/vgart.hbs?artid=183737 Kong Harald kondolerer Finlands president],  Retrieved 8 November 2007. {{in lang|no}}</ref>
*{{flag|Sweden}}: [[Monarch of Sweden|King]] [[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|Carl XVI Gustaf]] expressed his condolences and described the shooting as a horrific affair.

:"Unfortunately this sort of thing is spreading around the world. That is odd," the king added at a news conference in [[Luleå]]. The Swedish TV channel SVT 2 would also show the movie [[Elephant (2003 film)|''Elephant'']], a movie whose general theme is a school shooting, the day after the massacre, but they took it off the schedule in respect to Finland. Instead, the movie [[Swimming Pool (2003 film)|''Swimming Pool'']] was shown.<ref>[http://www.expressen.se/nyheter/1.916204/nio-skots-ihjal Pekka-Eric, 18 sköt ihjäl åtta] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109231952/http://www.expressen.se/nyheter/1.916204/nio-skots-ihjal |date=2007-11-09 }},  Retrieved 8 November 2007. {{in lang|sv}}</ref>

*{{flag|European Union}}: [[European Commission|President of the European Commission]] [[José Manuel Barroso]] said in a message to the Finnish prime minister [[Matti Vanhanen]] that he had been "shocked and profoundly saddened to learn about the horrific campus murders."<ref>{{cite web | title = Condolences pour in after Finnish school massacre | date = 2007-11-08 | url = http://newsroom.finland.fi/stt/showarticle.asp?intNWSAID=17235&group=General | access-date = 2007-11-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071111020240/http://newsroom.finland.fi/stt/showarticle.asp?intNWSAID=17235&group=General | archive-date = 2007-11-11 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Copycat threats==

===In Finland===
On 9 November 2007, the Finnish police rushed to three schools due to threats of attacks posted on the Internet. One of the schools was Hyrylä high school in Tuusula and the others in [[Kirkkonummi]] and [[Maaninka]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Finnish schools plagued by bogus threats | work=[[NewsRoom Finland]] | url=http://newsroom.finland.fi/stt/showarticle.asp?intNWSAID=17260&group=General | access-date=2007-11-11 | archive-date=2007-11-13 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071113033002/http://newsroom.finland.fi/stt/showarticle.asp?intNWSAID=17260&group=General | url-status=dead }}</ref> The 16-year-old boy who posted a video titled "Maaninka massacre" on YouTube was arrested on 11 November. The suspect has stated that the video was a joke.<ref>{{cite news | title=Finnish police detain boy for YouTube video threat | work=[[Reuters]] | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/internetNews/idUSL1114076520071111 | access-date=2007-11-11 | date=2007-11-11 | first=Terhi | last=Kinnunen}}</ref>

Three weeks after the Jokela shootings, the Finnish police, flooded with hoax threats, made a public plea for threats against schools to cease. The police reminded prospective perpetrators of severe judicial consequences as well as of the feelings of the families touched by the Jokela events.<ref>
{{cite journal|title=Police: Stop school scares now|website=Blog.anta.net|date=2007-11-27|url=http://blog.anta.net/2007/11/27/police-stop-school-scares-now/|issn=1797-1993|access-date=2007-11-27|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071203104553/http://blog.anta.net/2007/11/27/police-stop-school-scares-now/|archive-date=2007-12-03}}
</ref>

The [[Kauhajoki school shooting]] occurred on 23 September 2008, at [[Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences]] in [[Kauhajoki]], a town in the former province of [[Western Finland]]. The gunman, 22-year-old culinary arts student Matti Juhani Saari, shot and fatally injured ten people with a semi-automatic pistol, before shooting himself in the head. He died a few hours later in [[Tampere University Hospital]]. Finnish police first stated that Saari "very likely" knew Pekka-Eric Auvinen,<ref>{{cite news | title=Finland school shooting: Gunman had contact with 2007 school killer |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/finland/3075246/Finland-school-shooting-Gunman-had-contact-with-2007-school-killer.html | access-date=2008-11-05 | location=London | first=Nick | last=Allen | date=2008-09-24}}</ref> but in the final investigation no proof of that was found.

===Elsewhere===
In neighbouring Sweden, two boys, aged 16 and 17, were arrested in [[Stockholm]] for conspiring to murder their school's principal and janitor.<ref>{{cite news | title=Teenagers held in Sweden as fear of copycat killings grows | work=[[The Scotsman]] | url=http://news.scotsman.com/international.cfm?id=1784852007 | access-date=2007-11-11 | location=Edinburgh}}</ref> According to the principal, "they had spoken about and glorified Columbine High and what happened in Finland."<ref>{{cite web | title=Boys 'planned Stockholm school shooting' | work=[[The Local]] | url=http://www.thelocal.se/9055/20071109/ | access-date=2007-11-11}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Gun politics in Finland]]
* [[List of school-related attacks]]
* [[Kauhajoki school shooting]] 
* [[Raumanmeri school shooting]]
* [[Kuopio school stabbing]] 
* [[Viertola school shooting]]
* [[2014 Helsinki University massacre plan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
{{Wikinewscat|Jokela school shooting}}
* {{Cite book |title= Jokela School Shooting on 7 November 2007. Report of the Investigation Commission |url= http://www.om.fi/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application/pdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobheadername2=Content-Length&blobheadervalue1=inline;%20filename=OMJU%202009%201%20Jokela%20School%20Shooting%20on%207%20November%202007.pdf&blobheadervalue2=1500940&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1238418000079&ssbinary=true&SSURIapptype=BlobServer&SSURIcontainer=Default&SSURIsession=false&SSURIsscontext=Satellite%20Server |format= PDF |access-date= 27 May 2009 |series= Ministry of Justice Publications 2009:1 ISSN 1458-6444 |date= 26 February 2009 |publisher= Ministry of Justice, Finland |location= Helsinki |isbn= 978-952-466-804-0 |archive-date= 23 February 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120223181251/http://www.om.fi/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobheadername2=Content-Length&blobheadervalue1=inline%3B%20filename%3DOMJU%202009%201%20Jokela%20School%20Shooting%20on%207%20November%202007.pdf&blobheadervalue2=1500940&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1238418000079&ssbinary=true&SSURIapptype=BlobServer&SSURIcontainer=Default&SSURIsession=false&SSURIsscontext=Satellite%20Server |url-status= dead }}
* Auvinen's home videos, originally distributed on YouTube, can now be found on a number of sites: [http://misc.nybergh.net/pub/jokela/ 1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140213044502/http://misc.nybergh.net/pub/jokela/ |date=2014-02-13 }}, [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011035452/http://www.kimmo.org/jokela/ 2]
* Auvinen's media pack ([https://web.archive.org/web/20071108000753/http://zami.pp.fi/jokela/ 1], [https://web.archive.org/web/20071109071033/http://modseven.de/sturmgeist/ 2])
* [http://tuntis.net/storage/Jokela.zip The media pack as it was originally distributed]{{dead link|date=April 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (zip)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071002074016/http://www.jokelankoulukeskus.fi/ Official school website] 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071108000753/http://zami.pp.fi/jokela/ Material produced by the shooter]
* [http://www.mtv3.fi/uutiset/rikos.shtml/arkistot/rikos/2008/04/636263 Crime scene photos (in Finnish)]
{{Mass shootings in Finland}}{{Bullying}}

[[Category:2007 mass shootings in Europe]]
[[Category:2007 murders in Finland]]
[[Category:Bullying and suicide]]
[[Category:Child murder in Finland]]
[[Category:Columbine High School massacre copycat crimes]]
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Finland]]
[[Category:High school killings in Europe]]
[[Category:High school shootings]]
[[Category:Massacres in 2007]]
[[Category:Mass shootings in Finland]]
[[Category:Massacres in Finland]]
[[Category:Murder–suicides in Finland]]
[[Category:November 2007 crimes in Europe]]
[[Category:November 2007 in Europe]]
[[Category:School killings in Finland]]
[[Category:School massacres in Europe]]
[[Category:School shootings in Finland]]
[[Category:21st-century mass murder in Finland]]
[[Category:Suicides by firearm in Finland]]
[[Category:Tuusula]]
[[Category:Attacks on schools in 2007]]
[[Category:School shootings motivated by bullying]]