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{{short description|Javanese Traditional House in Java, Indonesia}}
{{Infobox building
| name                = Joglo
| image               = Joglo Pencu, Rumah Tradisional Kudus.jpg
| image_alt           = 
| image_caption       = ''Joglo'' house in [[Kudus Regency|Kudus]], [[Central Java]]
| alternate_names     = ''Rumah Adat Joglo''
| status              = Residences
| building_type       = [[Rumah adat|Traditional House]]
| architectural_style = [[Architecture of Indonesia|Indonesian]]
| address             = 
| location_town       = [[Central Java]], [[East Java]] and [[Special Region of Yogyakarta]]
| location_country    = [[Indonesia]]
| altitude            = 
| current_tenants     = 
| cost                = 
| owner               = [[Javanese people|Javanese]]
| floor_count         = 
| floor_area          = 
| other_dimensions    = 
| architect           = 
| architecture_firm   = 
| main_contractor     =
| embedded            = 
}}
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De prins van Poerbojo met gevolg voor zijn huis in Yogyakarta Java Sompilan 12 TMnr 10003348.jpg|thumb|250px|Joglo in [[Yogyakarta]] circa 1908]]
'''Joglo''' is a type of [[Javanese traditional house|traditional vernacular house of the Javanese people]] (Javanese ''omah''). The word ''joglo'' refers to the shape of the roof. In the highly hierarchical [[Javanese culture]], the type of roof of a house reflects the social and economic status of the owners of the house; joglo houses are traditionally associated with Javanese aristocrats.{{sfn|Gunawan Tjahjono 1998|pp=34-5}}

Joglo rooves can be implemented on a dwelling (''omah'') or a pavilion (''[[pendopo]]'').

== Structure and architecture ==
{{main|Javanese traditional house}}
[[File:Omah ugm.jpg|thumb|right|A joglo roof design for both the [[pendopo]] (pavilion) and the house in the background.]]
The joglo roof is the most complex of all [[Javanese traditional house|Javanese roof types]]. Different from the other type of Javanese roof such as the limasan and kampung roof, the joglo roof does not use king posts. Joglo roof consists of columns that become higher as it goes to the center. The four innermost main house columns are often the tallest, while the outer columns are the lowest. These four innermost house columns support a roof that is the steepest of all types of Javanese roof; almost forming a pyramid, except that it comes to two points rather than a single one. These four innermost main house columns are surmounted by a unique structural element known as ''[[tumpang sari]]''. A ''tumpang sari'' is a layered beam structure; the outermost band of beams supports the rafters of both the upper and lower roofs, while the heavily ornate inner band of beams creates a vaulted ceiling in the form of an inverted stepped pyramid.

The basic ''joglo''-type houses can be increased in size by adding extra columns and extending the roof area outwards.{{sfn|Schoppert|Damais|1997|pp=37-8}} Some very large joglo roofs, such as the roof of the Grand Pendopo of the [[Mangkunegaran Palace]], have a shape reminiscent of a mountain.

Traditionally, the joglo roof is used for the house proper (''omah'') or the pavilion (''pendopo'') of noble families. In a large house compound of a Javanese noble family, the joglo roof covers the very center part of the house. The space in the middle of the house, known as the ''dalem'', is considered the most sacred. This sacred space – especially the area beneath the ''tumpang sari'' – is often left empty. In modern times, the area has no specific usage, but traditionally an incense was burnt once a week in this area to honor the rice goddess [[Dewi Sri]], or in Central Java, to honor [[Nyai Roro Kidul]].{{sfn|Schoppert|Damais|1997|pp=37-8}} This sacred area is also the area where the bride and bridegroom are seated during their marriage ceremony.{{sfn|Gunawan Tjahjono 1998|pp=34-5}}

The joglo roof is an iconic Javanese roof form. Joglo roof has influenced the development of [[Colonial architecture of Indonesia|Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia]]. Modern buildings in Indonesia, such as big halls or airport terminal buildings, sometimes use the joglo roof.

== Social status ==
[[File:Grand Pendopo, Mangkunegaran Palace.jpg|thumb|right|An immense royal ''pendopo'' in Mangkunegaran Palace shows joglo roof after being extended outward multiple times.]]  
In a structured Javanese society and tradition, the joglo house is traditionally associated with the residence of Javanese aristocrats. The joglo-type houses is reserved for [[Kraton (Indonesia)|the Javanese palace]], official residence, government estate, and the house of nobles (''ningrat'').{{sfn|Gunawan Tjahjono 1998|pp=34-5}}

== Types of Joglo ==
There are seven types of joglo buildings: ''Joglo Kepuhan'' (used for the ''[[Javanese traditional house|peringgitan]]''), ''Taraju Mas'', ''Lambang Gantung'' or ''Pangrawit'' (used for the audience hall of the royal palace), ''Joglo Wantah'', ''Joglo Ceblokan'', ''Tawon Boni'' and ''Semar Tinandu''. Joglo buildings are further divided into two styles, the male and female; the difference between them is that the male version is larger in dimension than the female.{{sfn|Suwito Santoso|Kestity Pringgoharjono|2006|pp=128}}

== See also ==
{{Portal|Indonesia}}
* [[Javanese traditional house]]
* [[Pendopo]]
* [[Indonesian architecture]]
* [[Kraton (Indonesia)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Works cited==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |ref={{sfnRef|Gunawan Tjahjono 1998}} |series=Indonesian Heritage |title=Architecture |volume=6 |editor=Gunawan Tjahjono |year=1998 |publisher=Archipelago Press |location=Singapore |isbn=981-3018-30-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/architecture00indo }}
*{{cite book |last1=Schoppert |first1=P. |last2=Damais |first2=S. |date=1997 |title=Java Style |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AHHRaLFrMxMC&q=Schoppert+Java+Style+1997 |location=Singapore |publisher=Didier Millet |isbn=9625932321}}
*{{cite book |author1=Suwito Santoso |author2=Kestity Pringgoharjono |title=The Centhini Story: The Javanese Journey of Life : Based on the Original Serat Centhin |edition=illustrated |translator=Suwito Santoso |year=2006 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |location=Singapore | isbn =9789812329752 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I5ss-_zHmocC&q=joglo |access-date=October 18, 2015}}
{{refend}}
{{Commons category|Joglo}}
{{Indonesian architecture}}

[[Category:Rumah adat]]
[[Category:Javanese culture]]
[[Category:House types]]