View source for Jharsuguda district

{{Short description|District in Odisha, India}}
{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Jharsuguda}}
{{more citations needed|article|date=September 2011}}
{{Infobox district
| name = Jharsuguda district
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| other_name = 
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Odisha|District]] of [[Odisha]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
|size = 250
|photo1a = Ullapgarh.jpg
|photo2a = Autumn view of IB river.jpg
}}
| image_alt = 
| image_caption = Top: View of hills near Ullapgarh<br>Bottom: [[Ib River]] near [[Jharsuguda]]
| nickname = 
| image_map = India Odisha Jharsuguda district.svg
| image_map1 = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Jharsuguda district'''
|type=shape |id=Q569181
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Jharsuguda district of Odisha
|type2=line|id2=Q22048|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Odisha
}}
| map_alt = 
| map_caption = Location in Odisha
| coordinates = {{coord|21.85|N|84.016|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Orissa Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Odisha]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date = 
| founder = 
| named_for = 
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Jharsuguda]]
| government_type = 
| governing_body = 
| leader_title = [[District collector|Collector]]
| leader_name = Aboli Sunil Naravane, IAS
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = 
| area_total_km2 = 2081
| area_rank = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m = 
| population_total = 579505
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes = <ref name=districtcensus />
| population_density_km2 = 278
| population_rank = 
| population_demonym = 
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 768 201,2,3
| registration_plate = OD-23
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Sambalpur]], [[Rourkela]], [[Sundargarh]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|Aw]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| website = {{URL|www.jharsuguda.nic.in}}
| footnotes = 
| leader_title1 = Divisional Forest Officer Cum Wildlife Warden
| leader_name1 = Sushant Kumar, [[Indian Forest Service|IFS]]
| leader_title2 = Member of Lok Sabha
| leader_name2 = [[Suresh Pujari]]
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Odia language|Odia]], [[English language|English]]
| demographics1_title2 = Local
| demographics1_info2 = [[Sambalpuri language|Sambalpuri]], [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], [[Mundari language|Munda]], [[Kharia language|Kharia]] 
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 1.057 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank3_info_sec1 = 71.4%
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank4_info_sec1 = [[Bargarh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bargarh]]
| blank5_name_sec1 = [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank5_info_sec1 = 2, 1.Brajarajnagar, 2.Jharsuguda
| blank2_name_sec2 = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank2_info_sec2 = {{cvt|1527|mm|in}}
| blank3_name_sec2 = Avg. summer temperature
| blank3_info_sec2 = {{cvt|46.7|°C|°F}}
| official_name = 
}}
{{State of Odisha}}

'''Jharsuguda''' is a district in [[Odisha]], [[India]] with [[Jharsuguda]] town as its headquarters. This region is rich in coal and other mineral reserves. Of late, many small and medium scale iron and steel units have been set up in the vicinity of Jharsuguda town, giving impetus to the industrial growth of the district.

==Major tribes==
{{unsourced section|date=September 2024}}
This district has the major tribal populations and among them important tribes are [[Sabara people|Sabara]], [[Kisan people|Kisan]], [[Kurukh people|Kurukh]], [[Bhuiya]]n, [[Munda people|Munda]], [[Santal people|Santal]]. This district has unique{{citation needed|date=April 2019}} diversity in terms of tribal culture, language and other focal culture. Kurukh people speak their mother tongue [[Kurukh language]] with [[Sadri language|Sadri]] language. Munda people speak their [[Ho language]] and Kisan people speak their [[Kurukh language|Kisan]] dialect and [[Kharia people|Kharia]] speak their [[Kharia language|Kharia]]. [[Sadri]] and local Odia dialect is also quite popular among tribal communities. 

== Geography ==
{{unsourced section|date=September 2024}}
Jharsuguda district has three [[urban agglomeration]]s, municipalities of Jharsuguda town and [[Brajarajnagar|Brajrajnagar]] and municipality of [[Belpahar]]. Jharsuguda has its own airport named Veer Surendra Sai Airport. The district is bordered by [[Raigarh district]] of Chhattisgarh to the west, [[Sundergarh district]] to the north, Sambalpur district to the east and southeast and [[Bargarh district]] to the southwest. The district is mainly open plain, with some hills in the north.


== Divisions ==
{{unsourced section|date=September 2024}}
The district comprises five blocks, primary being [[Lakhanpur, Odisha|Lakhanpur]], Kolabira, Laikera, Kirmira and [[Jharsuguda]].

[[Belpahar]] sub-division includes 12 villages and two town. The most populous villages are Lakhanpur & Chhualiberna. The main festival of Chhualiberna is Narsingh Puja which held on month of December. [[Brajrajnagar]] is also famous for Rampur's Ramchandi mandir on bank of the Ib river. Rampur Colliery is famous for the [[Mahanadi Coalfields Limited]], the oldest coal mines in India. Another one most popular gram panchayat is Hirma, which is under Jharsuguda block; it is {{cvt|10|km}} from district headquarter, and the main festival is Samalei Bali Jatra ([[Kandagarh]]).

== Economy ==
There are lot of coal mines situated in this area.

[[Brajrajnagar]] is an industrial town, being of the prime location for Open Cast Coal Mine of [[Ib Valley Coalfield]] of Mahanadi Coalfields Limited. Brajrajnagar also boasts of a large scale paper mill, i.e., Orient Paper Mills of the Birla Group of Industries. However, this mill has been defunct for more than a decade now.{{when|date=February 2011}} Brajrajnagar is also a tourist hub as there are a lot of big temples like Brajeswari temple near railway station, Ramchandi Mandir, Laxmi Narayan Mandir, Jagannath Temple, Shiv Mandir in Lamtibahal, Shani Mandir in college road, Mukteswar Temple in hill top colony, Shiv Mandir in Rampur as well as Shiv Temple of G.M. Office, Aditya Mandir in jharsuguda road, Mangala and Tarini Mandir in college road.

In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Jharsuguda one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf /> It is one of the 19 districts in [[Odisha]] currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=September 8, 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=September 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=April 5, 2012 }}</ref>

The district once had an [[Jharsuguda Airport|airport]] during [[World War II]]. In 2018 this airport was modernised into [[Jharsuguda Airport]].<ref>{{cite web|date=July 9, 2018 |title= Jharsuguda Airport to Usher in Economic Development |publisher=The Indian Express |url=  https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2018/jul/09/jharsuguda-airport-expected-to-usher-in-economic-development-in-mining-belt-1840436.html|access-date=August 30, 2022}}</ref>
== Demographics ==

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=1,42,665|13=1911|14=1,65,203|15=1921|16=1,72,699|17=1931|18=1,92,997|19=1941|20=2,17,378|21=1951|22=2,35,313|23=1961|24=2,47,185|25=1971|26=2,92,876|27=1981|28=3,68,251|29=1991|30=4,46,726|31=2001|32=5,14,853|33=2011|34=5,79,505|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=center}}

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Jharsuguda district (2011)<ref name="census2011-religion">{{cite web|title=Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Odisha|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11387/download/14500/DDW21C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=Census of India, 2011|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=center
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Odisha|Hinduism]]|darkorange|95.53}}
{{bar percent|[[Odia Muslims|Islam]]|green|2.21}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Odisha|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|1.81}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.45}}
}}


{{Pie chart
| thumb = left
| caption = Languages of Jharsuguda district (2011)<ref name="census2011-langreport"/>
| label1 = [[Sambalpuri language|Sambalpuri]] | value1 = 42.26 | color1 = Yellow
| label2 = [[Odia language|Odia]] | value2 = 27.42 | color2 = saddlebrown
| label3 = [[Hindi]] | value3 = 9.59 | color3 = orange
| label4 = [[Kurukh language|Kisan]] | value4 = 6.42 | color4 = limegreen
| label5 = [[Mundari language|Munda]] | value5 = 2.21 | color5 = teal
| label6 = [[Kharia language|Kharia]] | value6 = 1.86 | color6 = cornflowerblue
| label7 = [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]] | value7 = 1.43 | color7 = peachpuff
| label8 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] | value8 = 1.27 | color8 = orchid
| label9 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] | value9 = 1.11 | color9 = burlywood
| label10 = Others | value10 = 6.43 | color10 = Grey
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Jharsuguda district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 579,505,<ref name=districtcensus>{{Cite web |title=District Census Handbook 2011: Jharsuguda|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/940/download/36628/DH_2011_2102_PART_A_DCHB_JHARSUGUDA.pdf|website=[[Census of India]]|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Solomon Islands]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web |author= US cia.gov |title= Country Comparison: Population |url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= June 13, 2007 |access-date= 2011-10-01 |quote=Solomon Islands 571,890 July 2011 est.}}</ref> or the US state of [[Wyoming]].<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  |title=2010 Resident Population Data  |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30  |quote=Wyoming 563,626 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 530th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus /> The district had a population density of {{convert|274 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus /> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 13.69%.<ref name=districtcensus /> Jharsuguda had a [[human sex ratio|sex ratio]] of 951 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1,000 males,<ref name=districtcensus /> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 78.36%. 39.89% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 18.05% and 30.50% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus />

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 42.26% of the population spoke [[Sambalpuri language|Sambalpuri]], 27.42% [[Odia language|Odia]], 9.59% [[Hindi]], 6.42% [[Kurukh language|Kisan]], 2.21% [[Mundari language|Mundari]], 1.86% [[Kharia language|Kharia]], 1.43% [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]], 1.27% [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and 1.11% [[Sadri language|Sadri]] as their mother tongue.<ref name="census2011-langreport">{{cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Odisha|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10217/download/13329/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2100.XLSX|website=Census of India 2011 |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>


== Politics ==

=== Vidhan sabha constituencies ===
{{Main|List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha}}
The following is the 2 [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Vidhan sabha]] constituencies<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Orissa/orissa.pdf Assembly Constituencies and their EXtent]</ref><ref>[http://eci.nic.in/delim/paper1to7/Orissa.xls Seats of Odisha]</ref> of Jharsuguda district and the elected members<ref>{{cite web |url= http://ws.ori.nic.in/ola/mlaprofile/listofmem1.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070502003512/http://ws.ori.nic.in/ola/mlaprofile/listofmem1.asp |archive-date=2 May 2007 |title= List of Members in Fourteenth Assembly |work=ws.ori.nic.in |quote= MEMBER NAME |access-date= 19 February 2013 }}</ref> of that area.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!No.
!Constituency
!Reservation
!Extent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks)
!Member of 15th Assembly
![[Political party|Party]]
|-
!6
|[[Brajarajnagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Brajarajnagar]]
|None
|Brajarajnagar (M), Belpahar (NAC), Lakhanpur, Jharsuguda (part) <!--Chandnimal G.P., Gourmal G.P., Loisingh G.P., Rajapur G.P., Kudopali G.P.-->
|Late Kishore Kumar Mohanty
| bgcolor="#006400" | [[Biju Janata Dal|<span style="color:white;">BJD</span>]]
|-
!7
|[[Jharsuguda (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jharsuguda]]
|None
|Jharsuguda (M), Kirmira, Laikera, Kolabira, Jharsuguda (Part) <!--Badmal G.P., Dalki G.P., Durlaga G.P., H. Katapali G.P., Hirma G.P., Jamera G.P., Katikela G.P., Malda G.P., Marakuta G.P., Patrapali G.P., Sripura G.P., Talapatia G.P.-->
|Late Naba Kishore Das
| bgcolor="#006400" | [[Biju Janata Dal|<span style="color:white;">BJD</span>]]
|}

== Notable people ==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their OWN article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
* [[Hemananda Biswal]]: Chief Minister of Odisha and a veteran Congress leader
* [[Kishore Kumar Mohanty]]: Speaker of Odisha Assembly and veteran BJD leader

==See also==
*[[Adhapara]]
*[[Jharsuguda]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website|http://jharsuguda.nic.in/}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Jharsuguda district
|North     = [[Sundargarh district]]
|Northeast =
|East      = [[Sambalpur district]]
|Southeast =
|South     = [[Bargarh district]]
|Southwest =
|West      = [[Raigarh district]], [[Chhattisgarh]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Jharsuguda district}}
{{Western Odisha}}
{{Odisha}}
{{Mahanadi Basin}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Jharsuguda district| ]]
[[Category:Coal mining districts in India]]
[[Category:Districts of Odisha]]