View source for Jay Garrick

{{short description|Fictional superhero in the DC Comics universe}}
{{Infobox comics character <!--Wikipedia:WikiProject Comics-->
| character_name = Jay Garrick
| image          = Flash (Jay Garrick).png
| caption        = Jay Garrick as depicted on the variant cover of ''[[The Flash (comic book)|The Flash]]'' #750 (March 2020).<br/>Art by Nicola Scott and Annette Kwok.
| real_name      = Jason Peter "Jay" Garrick
| publisher      = [[DC Comics]]
| debut          = ''[[Flash Comics]]'' #1 (January 1940)
| creators       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Gardner Fox]]
* [[Harry Lampert]]
}}
| alter_ego      = <!-- optional -->
| species        = [[Metahuman]]
| homeworld      = <!-- optional -->
| partners       = '''Speedster partners:'''<br/>[[Barry Allen]]<br/>[[Wally West]]<br/>[[Bart Allen]]<br/>[[Max Mercury]]<br/>'''Other hero partners:'''<br/>[[Wildcat (Ted Grant)]]<br/>[[Alan Scott|Green Lantern (Alan Scott)]]
| alliances      = [[Justice Society of America]]<br/>[[All-Star Squadron]]<br/>[[Justice League International]]<br/>[[Justice League]]
| aliases        = <!-- optional: actual identities the character uses, not nicknames -->
| supports       = <!--optional-->
| powers         = {{collapsible list
| titlestyle     = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
| title          = ''See list''
|
* Immense superhuman speed, agility, reflexes, and stamina via speed force aura conduit 
* Vortex creations
* Decelerated aging
* Speed force empathy
* Dimensional travel
* Augmented by the extra-dimensional [[Speed Force]]
* Frictionless aura
* Intangibility via molecular vibration
* Electrokinesis
* Accelerated healing process
* Speed theft/granting
* Expert combatant}}
}}
'''Jason Peter''' "'''Jay'''" '''Garrick''' is a<!--Do not add "fictional" as it is tautological; superheroes (and characters in general) are by definition implied to be fictionalized to some extent.--> [[superhero]] appearing in [[American comic book]]s published by [[DC Comics]]. He is the first character known as [[the Flash]].<ref name="Beatty">{{cite book|last1=Beatty|first1=Scott|last2=Wallace|first2=Dan|title=The DC Comics Encyclopedia|date=2008|publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley|Dorling Kindersley Publishing]]|location=New York|isbn=978-0756641191|pages=124–127|edition=Updated and expanded}}</ref> The character first appeared in ''[[Flash Comics]]'' #1 (January 1940), created by writer [[Gardner Fox]] and artist [[Harry Lampert]].

In the original Golden Age comics, Jay Garrick gained his speed-enhancing abilities by inhaling hard water vapor during a lab experiment. This accident granted him superhuman speed and agility, allowing him to become the Flash and fight crime.

Jay Garrick has made numerous appearances in other media. For television series on [[The CW]], [[John Wesley Shipp]] portrayed the character as a recurring character in ''[[The Flash (2014 TV series)|The Flash]]'' and in a guest capacity in ''[[Stargirl (TV series)|Stargirl]]''. Additionally, Billy Mitchell played the character's live-action debut as a [[cameo appearance|cameo]] in ''[[Smallville]]'', with a cameo appearance in ''[[The Flash (film)|The Flash]]'' (2023) portrayed via CGI and modeled after editor [[Jason Ballantine]].<ref name=BallantineGarrick/>

==Creation==
The character of Jay Garrick was created by writer Gardner Fox and artist Harry Lampert. In an interview, Lampert commented on the character's creation. "The idea of the Flash was Gardner Fox's idea...it was supposed to be based upon the god [[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]]… I went into the dictionary and there's the most beautiful rendition of Mercury and then I took my Flash and superimposed [them together] and they were almost identical, the pose is the same except a few doodads, and as I did it, I kept it as close as possible to that graceful attitude."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_-n80wvODc | title=The Harry Lampert 2000 Shoot Interview by David Armstrong | website=[[YouTube]] | date=21 October 2022 }}</ref>

==Publication history==
[[File:Flash Comics (Jan. 1940)-1.jpg|thumb|upright|First appearance in ''[[Flash Comics]]'' #1 (January 1940). Cover by [[Sheldon Moldoff]].]]
Jay Garrick first appeared in ''[[Flash Comics]] #''1, which was published in 1940 by [[All-American Publications]]. He was soon featured in ''All-Star Comics'' as part of the [[Justice Society of America]]. In 1941, he received a solo comic book series, ''[[All-Flash]]''.

After World War II, superheroes declined in popularity, causing many of the Flash's comic book series to be canceled. ''All-Flash'' was canceled in 1948 after 32 issues. ''Flash Comics'' was canceled in 1949 after 104 issues. ''All-Star Comics'' was canceled in 1951 after 57 issues, marking Garrick's last [[Golden Age of comic books|Golden Age]] appearance. The character did not appear again for ten years and would not have another solo series until the 2023 series "[[The New Golden Age]]".

In 1956, DC Comics reinvented the Flash character, giving him a new costume, name, and background. This new Flash, named [[Barry Allen]], was completely unrelated to Jay Garrick, with the latter becoming a fictional character in-universe.

Jay Garrick made a guest appearance in ''[[The Flash (comic book)|Flash]]'' #123, "[[Flash of Two Worlds]]". In this issue, Garrick was treated as residing in a parallel universe ([[Multiverse (DC Comics)#Earth-Two|Earth-Two]]), which allowed the character to exist without any continuity conflicts with Barry Allen (who existed on [[Multiverse (DC Comics)#Earth-One|Earth-One]]), yet allowed him to make guest appearances in [[Silver Age of Comic Books|Silver Age]] books. For most of the 60s and 70s, Garrick made guest appearances. However, starting in 1976, Garrick became a regular character in the revived ''All-Star Comics'', partaking in adventures with the Justice Society in stories set in modern times. In 1981, he and the Justice Society appeared in ''All-Star Squadron'' in stories set during World War II.

In 1985, DC Comics merged all of its fictional characters into a single shared universe. Jay Garrick now shares the same world as the New Flash. DC wrote the character out of continuity in the one-shot ''[[Last Days of the Justice Society of America|Last Days of the Justice Society]]'' but brought the character back in the 1990s due to fan interest. Unlike characters such as [[Batman]] or [[Superman]], DC decided not to update Garrick as a young hero, portraying him as a veteran of World War II with a magically prolonged lifespan. Garrick became a regular character in the ''JSA'' and ''Justice Society of America''.

==Fictional character biography==
===Origin===
[[File:Flash (Jay Garrick circa 1940).png|thumb|upright|Jay Garrick as the Flash, in his original costume, during the 1940s, in a page of ''Flash Comics'' #1 (January 1940). Art by the character's co-creator [[Harry Lampert]].]]
'''Jason Peter Garrick'''<ref>''JSA'' #87 (September 2006)</ref> is a college student. Prior to 1940 (later retconned to 1938) while working for his academic advisor [[Professor Hughes]], Jay accidentally inhaled [[hard water]] vapors after taking a smoke break in his laboratory where he had been working (later stories would change this to [[heavy water]] vapors). As a result, he finds that he can run at superhuman speed and has similarly fast reflexes. Retcons imply that the inhalation simply activated a latent [[metagene]].

After a brief career as a college football star, he dons a red shirt with a lightning bolt and a stylized metal helmet with wings (based on images of the Roman god [[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]]). He then begins to fight crime as the Flash.<ref name="Beatty"/> The helmet belonged to his father Joseph who fought during [[World War I]].<ref>''The Flash'' (vol. 2) #208 (May 2004)</ref> He sometimes uses the helmet as a weapon or a type of shield, as seen in ''[[Infinite Crisis]]''.<ref>''Infinite Crisis'' #4 (March 2006)</ref> He has also used it to direct a beam of light at [[Eclipso]]. In ''[[The Flash: Rebirth]]'' (2010), he used it to destabilize the [[Eobard Thawne|Reverse Flash]].

In the early stories, Jay's identity appears to be public knowledge.<ref>{{Cite comic | Writer = [[Gardner F. Fox]] | Artist = Everett E. Hibbard | Story = | Title = Flash Comics | Volume =  | Issue = #6 | Date = June, 1940 | Publisher = [[All-American Publications]] | Page = | Panel = | ID = }}</ref> Later stories would show him as having his identity secret, and that he maintains it without the use of a mask by constantly "vibrating" his face, making him difficult to recognize or clearly photograph. Garrick ultimately revealed his identity as the Flash to the world.<ref>''DC Special Series'' #11 (1978)</ref>

During his career, he would often find himself embroiled in semi-comic situations inadvertently initiated by [[Winky, Blinky, and Noddy]], a trio of [[tramp]]s known as the Three Dimwits, who tried their hand at one job after another, never successfully.

His first case involves battling the Faultless Four, a group of blackmailers (Sieur Satan, Serge Orloff, Duriel, and Smythe), who plot to steal an atomic bombarder and sell it. It is later revealed that a professor named Edward Clariss found the last container of heavy water vapor and used it to gain super-speed, becoming the [[Rival (comics)|Rival]]. He briefly takes away Jay's speed after capturing him, making him super slow, but Jay uses the gases again, allowing him to regain his super speed and defeat the Rival.

Like the Flashes who followed him, Garrick became a close friend of [[Green Lantern]] [[Alan Scott]], whom he met through the Justice Society of America.

===Justice Society of America===
The Flash soon became one of the best-known of the [[Golden Age of comic books|Golden Age]] of superheroes. He was a founding member of the Justice Society of America and served as its first chairman.<ref>{{Cite comic | Writer = [[Gardner F. Fox]] | Penciller = | Inker = | Story = | Title = [[All Star Comics]] | Volume =  | Issue = #3 | Date = Winter, 1940 | Publisher = [[All-American Publications]] | Page = | Panel = | ID = }}</ref> He was originally based in [[New York City]],<ref>{{Cite comic | Writer = | Penciller = | Inker = | Story = | Title = Flash Comics | Volume =  | Issue = #5 | Date = May, 1940 | Publisher = [[All-American Publications]] | Page = 4 | Panel = 4 | ID = }}</ref> but this was later [[Retroactive continuity|retconned]] to be in the fictional [[Keystone City]]. He left the JSA after issue #6 but returned several years later (issue #24, spring 1945). He had a distinguished career as a crime-fighter during the 1940s.

Garrick's early history was largely the subject of retcons. A story explaining the retirement of the JSA members, including the Flash, explained that, in 1951, the JSA was investigated by the [[House Un-American Activities Committee]] for possible Communist sympathies and asked to reveal their identities. This was later revealed to be partly caused by [[Per Degaton]]. The JSA declined, and Garrick, who recently married his longtime girlfriend, Joan, retired from superhero life. As a trained scientist, he ran an experimental laboratory for several decades.

''The [[All-Star Squadron]]'' Annual #3 issue states that the JSA fought a being named [[Ian Karkull]], who imbued them with energy that slowed their aging, allowing Garrick and many others – as well as their girlfriends and sidekicks – to remain active into the late 20th century without infirmity. The 1990s ''[[Starman (Jack Knight)|Starman]]'' series notes that [[Shade (character)|the Shade]] prompted Garrick to come out of retirement in the 1950s, but the details of his activities during this time are unclear.

===Earth-Two===
Garrick emerged from retirement in 1961 to meet the [[Silver Age of comic books|Silver Age]] Flash, [[Barry Allen]], from a parallel world. The rest of the JSA soon joined the Flash, although their activities during the 1960s (other than their annual meeting with Earth-One's [[Justice League|Justice League of America]]) were unrecorded, although it is clear that Garrick and Green Lantern (Alan Scott) were good friends. It is also established that Garrick has become a respected scientist on his Earth.

Garrick was a key member of the JSA's 1970s adventures (as chronicled in ''All-Star Comics'' and ''[[Adventure Comics]]''). Garrick also helped to launch the careers of [[Infinity, Inc.]] Following the ''[[Crisis on Infinite Earths]]'', all the parallel worlds are merged into one, and Keystone City becomes the twin city of Allen's [[Central City (DC Comics)|Central City]], with the two separated by a river. An updated story suggests that Keystone in this new continuity was rendered invisible and wiped from the memories of the world for many years through the actions of several [[supervillain]]s.<ref>{{cite book |last =Waid |first = Mark|title =The Life Story Of The Flash by Iris Allen |publisher = DC Comics |chapter= Chapter 7 Stolen Thunder}}</ref>

===21st Century===
[[File:Garrick ross.jpg|thumb|upright|Jay Garrick, into the 21st century as an aged superhero. Cover art for ''JSA'' #78 by [[Alex Ross]].]]

In the early 21st century, many of Garrick's JSA cohorts have retired or died, but Garrick remains active with the latest incarnation of the group. He is physically about 50 years old, thanks to the effects of several accidental anti-aging treatments, but his chronological age is closer to 105. He is one of the few surviving members of the Justice Society of America after ''[[Zero Hour: Crisis in Time!]]''.<ref>''Zero Hour: Crisis in Time'' #2 (September 1994)</ref> Of the three original JSA members still on the team (along with Alan Scott and [[Wildcat (DC Comics)|Wildcat]]), Jay takes a fatherly approach toward his teammates and the DC superhero community in general.

===''Infinite Crisis'' and ''One Year Later''===
{{main|Infinite Crisis|One Year Later (comics)}}

Garrick and his wife, Joan, had guardianship of [[Bart Allen]] after [[Max Mercury]]'s disappearance. During the events of ''Infinite Crisis'', Garrick states that the [[Speed Force]] is gone after a battle in which many speedsters, living and dead, wrestle [[Superboy-Prime]] into the Speed Force and disappear.<ref>''[[Infinite Crisis]]'' #4 (March 2006)</ref> Garrick is left behind on Earth by the other speedsters when he reaches his speed limit and cannot follow. Bart Allen returns, aged several years, having absorbed the entire Speed Force during his pursuit of the escaped Superboy-Prime. Garrick claims that without the Speed Force, his own power is less than before: like [[Wally West]] in the ''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' aftermath, he can only run close to the [[speed of sound]]. He also states that, as the Speed Force is no longer slowing his aging, his speed is diminishing with time. After Bart leaves Keystone City for Los Angeles, Garrick, once again, is the city's sole guardian. After learning that Bart has been killed by the [[Rogues (comics)|Rogues]], Garrick collapses with grief, consoled by Jesse Chambers.

Garrick continues his work as a member of the reformed Justice Society of America, under the leadership of [[Power Girl]]. After the death of Bart Allen, Garrick's full speed returns. Garrick is currently the mayor of Monument Point, where the JSA is now based. He faces problems due to the JSA being based in the Town,{{Clarify|reason=What town? And why is Town capitalized?|date=March 2017}} but after talking to another official, who says that, as Garrick is not a politician, he does not have to worry about being re-elected, Garrick gains confidence.<ref>''Justice Society of America'' (vol. 3) #49 (May 2011)</ref>{{Dubious|date=March 2017|reason=I thought that mayors are elected, so Garrick "not having to worry about being re-elected" doesn't make any sense to me...what am I missing?}} Soon after this, he holds a funeral for [[Alan Scott]], who is killed defeating the villain D'arken, and tells the Justice Society that they must endure.

====Velocity====
In the ''[[Outsiders (comics)|Outsiders]]: [[One Year Later (comics)|One Year Later]]'' story arc, a clone of the character called Velocity appears as an antagonist, created by the [[Brotherhood of Evil]].<ref name="Outsiders #40">''Outsiders'' (vol. 3) #40. DC Comics.</ref> He appears to be in his late 20s or early 30s and is brainwashed into working for the Malinese dictator Ratu Bennin. Velocity is defeated by the combined efforts of the Outsiders. He possesses Jay Garrick's super-speed, but none of his memories or expertise.<ref>''Outsiders'' (vol. 3) #36 (July 2006)</ref> His unconscious body is placed in the custody of Alan Scott, [[Checkmate (comics)|Checkmate]]'s White King, who states that the Outsiders could not be trusted.<ref>''Outsiders'' (vol. 3) #37. DC Comics.</ref>

Because of lingering issues in the cloning process, made more unpredictable by the metagene itself, the clone is infected by a fast-acting version of the ''clone plague'' deteriorating and shortening the lifespan of clones in the DC Universe. This makes it difficult for Checkmate to find a way to wake him and undo his brainwash, because, even with his special suit, tailored to stave the degenerating process, he would be doomed to a slow death whenever he awakens from his [[suspended animation]].<ref name="Outsiders #40"/>

===''Brightest Day''===
In Brightest Day, Garrick and the rest of the JSA help Alan Scott and his children overcome the power of the Starheart, and, in turn, help save the planet from the Dark Avatar. After the events of the ''Brightest Day'', Garrick and the rest of the JSA travel to the city of Monument Point, which has been attacked by a superpowered terrorist named Scythe. Just before being defeated, Scythe snaps Jay's long standing friend Alan Scott's neck.<ref>''Justice Society of America'' (vol. 3) #44. DC Comics.</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=March 2017}} In the following story, it is revealed that Scythe is the product of Nazi genetic engineering, and that Scott and Garrick had been tasked by the president with killing him back when he was in infancy during World War II. The two heroes could not agree on a course of action, and, as a result, Scythe was allowed to live.<ref>''Justice Society of America'' (vol. 3) #45. DC Comics.</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=March 2017}} Doctor Mid-Nite discovers that the injuries Scott sustained have paralyzed Scott, and that any attempt to heal himself could break his constant concentration, which could result in the Starheart once again regaining control of his body.<ref>''Justice Society of America'' (vol. 3) #46. DC Comics.</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=March 2017}}

Jade visits her bedridden father in the Emerald City, and offers to use her abilities to help him walk again. Scott declines his daughter's offer, reasoning that if the Starheart were to once again take over his body, it could kill everyone in the city. [[Eclipso]] attacks the city, which results in [[Jesse Quick]] having to get Scott to safety.<ref>''Justice League of America'' (vol. 2) #55. DC Comics.</ref>

Later, the JSA tries to take down the villain D'arken, who has escaped from Monument Point and absorbed the powers of JSA members, but D'arken is too powerful for the JSA to take him down. Due to the entity's ability to absorb powers from superhumans in its vicinity, only non-superpowered and magical members fight D'arken. The JSA tells Alan Scott that unleashing the Starheart is the only way to destroy D'arken. However, Scott's body incinerates itself and he is presumed dead.<ref>''Justice Society of America'' (vol. 3) #54 (August 2011)</ref>

===DC Rebirth===
Jay Garrick is not present following ''[[The New 52]]'' continuity reboot.<ref>''The Flash'' (vol. 5) #9. DC Comics.</ref><ref>''The Flash'' (vol. 5) #22. DC Comics.</ref> ''[[Doomsday Clock (comics)|Doomsday Clock]]'' reveals this to be the result of [[Doctor Manhattan]] altering the timeline and erasing the Justice Society from existence.<ref>''Doomsday Clock'' #8 (December 2018)</ref><ref>''Doomsday Clock'' #12 (December 2019)</ref> However, he is restored when Superman convinces Manhattan to restore the timeline.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cecchini |first=Mike |date=February 7, 2020 |title=The Flash: Inside the Return of Jay Garrick |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/comics/the-flash-inside-the-return-of-jay-garrick/ |access-date=May 25, 2020 |publisher=Den of Geek}}</ref><ref>{{multiref2|''The Flash'' #750 (March 2020)|''The Flash'' #756 - #762 (August - November 2020)|''[[Dark Nights: Death Metal]]'' #3 (October 2020)|''Dark Nights: Death Metal: Speed Metal'' one-shot (November 2020)|''Dark Nights: Death Metal'' #5 (January 2021)|''Dark Nights: Death Metal - The Last 52: Battle of the Multiverse'' one-shot (February 2021)|''Dark Nights: Death Metal'' #7 (March 2021)
}}</ref> ''[[The New Golden Age]]'' storyline reveals that Jay and Joan had a daughter named [[Boom (comics)|Judy]] who was the former's sidekick before being kidnapped by the [[Time Masters (DC Comics)|Time Masters]].<ref>{{multiref2|''The New Golden Age'' one-shot (January 2023)|''Justice Society of America'' (vol. 4) #2 - #8 (March 2023 - February 2024)|''Jay Garrick: The Flash'' #1 - 6 (December 2023 - June 2024)|''Alan Scott: The Green Lantern'' #1 (December 2023)|''Alan Scott: The Green Lantern'' #5 (May 2024)|''Alan Scott: The Green Lantern'' #6 (July 2024)}}</ref> In the resulting ''Jay Garrick: The Flash'' series, it is revealed that Jay's college professor Dr Hughes from ''Flash Comics'' #1 (1940) was in fact the supervillain Doctor Elemental, who engineered the lab accident that made Jay into the Flash; Jay was the only survivor.<ref>''Jay Garrick: The Flash'' #4 (March 2024)</ref> Elemental was the [[archenemy]] of Flash and Boom in forgotten 1960s adventures.<ref>''Jay Garrick: The Flash'' #1 (December 2023)</ref> After Boom is rescued by [[Courtney Whitmore|Stargirl]] in the present day, she returns home to her parents, whose memories are restored.<ref>''Justice Society of America'' (volume 4) #6</ref>

==Powers and abilities==
As the Flash, Garrick can run at [[Speedster (fiction)|superhuman speeds]] and has superhumanly-fast reflexes, tapping into the [[Speedster (fiction)|Speed Force]]. The limits of his speed have fluctuated over the years, though he has usually been second to DC's "flagship" Flash, [[Barry Allen]] and his successor, [[Wally West]].

In his earliest appearances, Garrick's speed was derived from a metagene that activated after he inhaled hard water vapors. By his own account, he initially could run just shy of the speed of sound. He could carry people away with him at super-speed without causing injury due to extreme acceleration. He could make himself invisible by vibrating his body at high frequencies and disguise his features by vibrating his molecules. Once he met Barry Allen, he surpassed his limitations, citing running at 'twenty times the speed of sound',{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}} seemingly able to tap into the Speed Force. He has since displayed speed absorption, time travel and interdimensional shifting abilities.

When Bart Allen absorbed the Speed Force during "[[Infinite Crisis]]", Jay's speed was diminished to the same level as his early adventures. He struggled to surpass the speed of sound and lost many of his higher powers. Once the Speed Force returned, Jay's powers were fully restored.

==Collected editions==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Title !! Material collected
!Published date
!ISBN
|-
| valign="top" | ''The Golden Age Flash Archives Vol. 1''
| valign="top" | ''Flash Comics'' #1–17
|September 1999
|{{ISBNT|978-1563895067}}
|-
| valign="top" | ''The Golden Age Flash Archives Vol. 2''
| valign="top" | ''Flash Comics'' #18–24, ''All Flash Comics'' #1–2
|February 2006
|{{ISBNT|978-1401207847}}
|-
| valign="top" | ''The Greatest Flash Stories Ever Told''
| valign="top" | ''Flash Comics'' #1, 66, 86, ''Comic Cavalcade'' #24, ''Showcase'' #4, ''The Flash'' (vol. 1) #107, 113, 119, 124, 125, 137, 143, 148, 179, ''Five-Star Super-Hero Spectacular,'' ''The Flash'' (vol. 2) #2
|January 1991
|{{ISBNT|978-0930289843}}
|-
| valign="top" | ''The Flash: The Greatest Stories Ever Told''
| valign="top" | ''Flash Comics'' #86, 104, ''The Flash'' (vol. 1) #123, 155, 165, 179, ''The Flash'' (vol. 2) #91, ''DC Special Series'' #11
|August 2007
|{{ISBNT|978-1401213725}}
|}

==Supporting characters==
{{Main|List of Flash supporting characters#Golden Age}}

===Joan Garrick===
{{Main|Joan Garrick}}

===Winky, Blinky, and Noddy===
{{Main|Winky, Blinky, and Noddy}}

== Other versions ==
[[File:Earth 2 issue 2.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Earth 2's Jay Garrick from the cover of ''Earth 2'' #2.]]

* An alternate universe version of Jay Garrick appears in ''[[JSA: The Liberty Files]]''. This version is an [[intelligence agent]] stationed in Russia, working under the code-name '''Mercury'''.<ref>''JSA: The Unholy Three'' (2003)</ref>
* An alternate universe version of Jay Garrick appears in ''[[The New 52]]''. This version received his super-speed from a dying [[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]].<ref>''Earth 2'' #1 (May 2012)</ref><ref>''Earth 2'' #2 (June 2012)</ref><ref>''The Flash'' #761. DC Comics.</ref>
* Several alternate universe versions of Jay Garrick appear in ''[[52 (comics)|52]]''.<ref>{{cite comic | title=[[52 (comics)|52]] | issue=#52 | date=May 2, 2007 | publisher=[[DC Comics]] | page=13 | panel=3 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=111900 |title=The 52 exit interviews: grant morrison |access-date=2007-05-12 |last=Brady |first=Matt |date=2007-05-08 |publisher=Newsarama |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070510031223/http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=111900 |archive-date=May 10, 2007 }}</ref><ref>''The Flash: The Fastest Man Alive'' #6 (January 2007)</ref>
* An alternate universe version of Jay Garrick who died after inhaling hard water appears in ''[[Flashpoint (comics)|Flashpoint]]''.<ref>''Flashpoint: Kid Flash Lost'' #3 (August 2011)</ref>

==In other media==
{{Main|Flash in other media}}

===Television===
====Animation====
* An analogue of Jay Garrick called '''The Streak''' appears in the ''[[Justice League (TV series)|Justice League]]'' two-part episode "Legends", voiced by [[David Naughton]].<ref name="btva">{{cite web |title=The Streak Voice - ''Justice League'' (TV Show) |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/tv-shows/Justice-League/The-Streak/ |access-date=April 2, 2024 |publisher=Behind The Voice Actors}} A green check mark indicates that a role has been confirmed using a screenshot (or collage of screenshots) of a title's list of voice actors and their respective characters found in its credits or other reliable sources of information.</ref> He was a speedster from an [[Multiverse (DC Comics)|alternate universe]] and member of the [[Justice Guild of America]] who died alongside his team during a war that destroyed most of their home universe.
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[Batman: The Brave and the Bold]]'', voiced by [[Andy Milder]].<ref name="btva2">{{cite web |title=Flash / Jay Garrick Voices (Flash) |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/characters/Flash/Flash-Jay-Garrick/ |access-date=April 2, 2024 |publisher=Behind The Voice Actors}} A green check mark indicates that a role has been confirmed using a screenshot (or collage of screenshots) of a title's list of voice actors and their respective characters found in its credits or other reliable sources of information.</ref> This version is an ally of [[Batman]] and member of the [[Justice Society of America]] (JSA).
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[Young Justice (TV series)|Young Justice]]'', voiced by [[Geoff Pierson]].<ref name="btva2" /> This version is a retired member of the Justice Society of America (JSA) who does not possess his comic book counterpart's slowed aging process. Throughout the series, Jay and [[Joan Garrick]] serve as [[Bart Allen]]'s legal guardians while Jay comes out of retirement to help the [[Justice League]] and the [[List of Young Justice characters#"The Team"|Team]] thwart a [[Reach (comics)|Reach]] invasion. As of the fourth season, Jay has joined the Justice League.
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in the ''[[Mad (TV series)|Mad]]'' segment "That's What Super Friends Are For".{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}}

====Live-action====
[[File:Jay Garrick (John Wesley Shipp).jpg|thumb|upright|[[John Wesley Shipp]] as [[Jay Garrick (Arrowverse)|Jay Garrick / The Flash]] on ''[[The Flash (2014 TV series)|The Flash]]''.]]
* Jay Garrick appears in the ''[[Smallville]]'' two-part episode "[[Absolute Justice]]", portrayed by Billy Mitchell.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}} This version operated as a superhero, member of the Justice Society of America (JSA), and a research scientist in the 1970s until he was framed for fraud as part of the government's plot to disable the JSA. Garrick and his teammates falsely confessed to all charges, but were never convicted and forced to retire due to their secret identities becoming known to law enforcement.
* [[Jay Garrick (Arrowverse)|Jay Garrick]] appeared in the [[Arrowverse]] series ''[[The Flash (2014 TV series)|The Flash]]'' (2014).
** [[Teddy Sears]] was initially advertised as portraying an [[Earth-2 (Arrowverse)|Earth-2]] equivalent throughout the [[The Flash season 2|second season]] until his character was revealed to be '''[[Hunter Zolomon (Arrowverse)|Hunter Zolomon]]''' who used his captive's identity to deceive the public (see below).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2015/07/12/comic-con-2015-the-flash-casts-jay-garrick-for-season-2|title=COMIC CON 2015: THE FLASH ADDS JAY GARRICK, WALLY WEST FOR SEASON 2|last=Goldfarb|first=Andrew|publisher=IGN|date=July 11, 2015|access-date=July 16, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Abrams |first=Natalie |date=February 23, 2016 |title=''The Flash'' reveals Zoom's identity! |url=http://www.ew.com/article/2016/02/23/flash-zoom-identity-jay-garrick-hunter-zolomon |access-date=February 23, 2016 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref>
** [[John Wesley Shipp]] portrays the real Garrick, the Flash of [[Earth-3 (Arrowverse)|Earth-3]] and counterpart of '''[[Henry Allen (Arrowverse)|Henry Allen]]'''.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Abrams |first=Natalie |date=May 24, 2016 |title=''The Flash'' reveals man in the iron mask! |url=http://www.ew.com/article/2016/05/24/flash-finale-season-3-spoilers-john-wesley-shipp-jay-garrick |access-date=May 25, 2016 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Falconer |first=Daniel |date=November 18, 2016 |title=''The Flash'': Jay Garrick Returns In 'The Present' Synopsis |url=http://screenrant.com/flash-jay-garrick-present-synopsis/ |access-date=November 27, 2016 |publisher=Screenrant.com}}</ref> In the second season, he was held captive in a failed attempt to siphon [[Speed Force]] energy before he is eventually freed by Team Flash. Garrick returns in the [[The Flash season 3|third season]] as a stern mentor to [[Barry Allen (Arrowverse)|Barry Allen]] while helping him defeat [[Savitar (Arrowverse)|Savitar]]. In the [[The Flash season 4|fourth season]], Garrick helps Barry and [[List of The Flash characters#Jesse Wells / Jesse Quick|Jesse Quick]] avert a disaster utilizing "Flashtime", a state in which speedsters move so fast that time appears to be frozen, and announces his retirement. As of the [[The Flash season 6|sixth season]], Garrick has retired, settled down with Joan Williams, and worked with her to track antimatter signatures across the multiverse before later helping Barry uncover information about an impending "[[Crisis on Infinite Earths (Arrowverse)|Crisis]]". After the Crisis, the [[The Flash season 7|seventh]] and [[The Flash season 8|eighth]] seasons show Jay residing on [[Earth-Prime (Arrowverse)|Earth-Prime]] Keystone City, where Joan helps restore his speed and body.
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[Stargirl (TV series)|Stargirl]]'', portrayed by an uncredited actor in the first season and portrayed again by John Wesley Shipp in subsequent seasons.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Bucksbaum |first=Sydney |date=February 18, 2021 |title=John Wesley Shipp to guest-star on ''DC's Stargirl'' as Golden Age Flash |url=https://ew.com/tv/john-wesley-shipp-the-flash-stargirl-season-2/ |access-date=February 18, 2021 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]}}</ref> This version is a member of the Justice Society of America (JSA). A decade prior to the series, the team was attacked and killed by the [[Injustice Society]], with Garrick being apparently killed by [[Icicle (comics)|Icicle]]. After making appearances in flashbacks depicted in the second season, Garrick turns up alive 20 years later in the third-season finale "Frenemies – Chapter Thirteen: The Reckoning".

===Film===
* Jay Garrick / Flash makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in ''[[Justice League: The New Frontier]]'', being forced out of heroics by the government.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}}
* The [[Earth-Two|Earth-2]] incarnation of Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[Justice Society: World War II]]'', voiced by Armen Taylor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schedeen |first=Jesse |date=April 27, 2021 |title=''Justice Society: World War II'' Review |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/justice-society-world-war-ii-movie-review |access-date=April 2, 2024 |website=IGN |language=en}}</ref><ref name="btva2" /> This version is a founding member of the Justice Society of America who was active during his Earth's version of the [[World War II|titular war]].
* A version of Jay Garrick from the universe of ''[[Adventures of Superman (TV series)|Adventures of Superman]]'' makes a cameo appearance in ''[[The Flash (film)|The Flash]]'' (2023), portrayed via CGI and modeled after editor [[Jason Ballantine]].<ref name=BallantineGarrick>{{Cite web |last=Feury |first=Matt |date=July 19, 2023 |title=The Rough Cut: How the Editors Kept Up with "The Flash" |url=https://blog.frame.io/2023/06/22/the-rough-cut-editing-the-flash/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719162126/https://blog.frame.io/2023/06/22/the-rough-cut-editing-the-flash/ |archive-date=July 19, 2023 |access-date=July 19, 2023 |website=frame.io}}</ref> It was initially reported that the character's likeness was that of Teddy Sears, but the studio stated Garrick's appearance was not based on any one actor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hermanns |first=Grant |date=June 16, 2023 |title=The Flash's Classic Cameo Is Not Who Everybody Thought It Was, New Report Reveals|url=https://screenrant.com/the-flash-movie-jay-garrick-cameo-not-teddy-sears/ |access-date=June 16, 2023 |website=[[Screen Rant]]}}</ref>
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[Justice League: Crisis on Infinite Earths - Part Three]]'', voiced again by Armen Taylor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Milligan |first=Mercedes |date=May 7, 2024 |title=WB Details Next DC Animated Chapter ''Justice League: Crisis on Infinite Earths – Part Three'' |url=https://www.animationmagazine.net/2024/05/wb-details-next-dc-animated-chapter-justice-league-crisis-on-infinite-earths-part-three/ |access-date=July 21, 2024 |website=Animation Magazine}}</ref>
* Jay Garrick makes a cameo appearance in ''[[Superman (2025 film)|Superman]]'' via a mural at the [[Hall of Justice (comics)|Hall of Justice]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brooke |first=David |date=July 12, 2025 |title='Superman' reveals Hall of Justice mural: 300 years of heroes on display |url=https://aiptcomics.com/2025/07/12/superman-movie-mural-dc-studios/ |access-date=July 16, 2025 |website=AIPT}}</ref>

===Video games===
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[Batman: The Brave and the Bold - The Videogame]]'', voiced again by Andy Milder.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}}
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[DC Universe Online]]'', voiced by Ryan Wickerham.<ref name="btva2" />
* The Earth-2 incarnation of Jay Garrick / Flash appears as a downloadable costume for [[Barry Allen|Barry Allen / Flash]] in ''[[Injustice: Gods Among Us]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Shafi |first1=Aadil |last2=Legarie |first2=Destin |last3=Madrigal |first3=Hector |date=October 18, 2015 |title=The Flash - ''Injustice'' Guide |url=https://www.ign.com/wikis/injustice-gods-among-us/The_Flash |access-date=April 2, 2024 |website=IGN}}</ref>
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears as a character summon in ''[[Scribblenauts Unmasked: A DC Comics Adventure]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eisen |first=Andrew |date=October 4, 2013 |title=DC Characters and Objects - ''Scribblenauts Unmasked'' Guide |url=https://www.ign.com/wikis/scribblenauts-unmasked/DC_Characters_and_Objects |access-date=April 2, 2024 |website=IGN}}</ref>
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears as a "premier skin" for Barry Allen / Flash in ''[[Injustice 2]]'', voiced by [[Travis Willingham]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Graeber |first1=Brendan |last2=Defreitas |first2=Casey |date=February 2, 2018 |title=Premiere Skins - ''Injustice 2'' Guide |url=https://www.ign.com/wikis/injustice-2/Premiere_Skins |access-date=April 2, 2024 |website=IGN}}</ref>
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears as a playable character in ''[[DC Legends]]''.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}}

===Miscellaneous===
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[Justice League Unlimited]]'' #12.<ref>{{Cite web |title=''Justice League Unlimited'' #12 - Old School (Issue) |url=https://comicvine.gamespot.com/justice-league-unlimited-12-old-school/4000-96742/ |access-date=July 4, 2024 |website=Comic Vine |language=en}}</ref>
* The ''Smallville'' incarnation of Jay Garrick / Flash appears in ''[[Smallville Season 11]]'', in which it is revealed that his leg was disabled and that he could no longer run at superhuman speed, which allowed the government to arrest him. After he retired, he became a recluse.<ref>''Smallville Season 11'' #11 (March 2013)</ref> In the present, [[Clark Kent (Smallville)|Clark Kent]] and [[Bart Allen]] find Garrick and consult him on how to defeat the [[Black Flash]]. After Bart sacrifices himself to defeat the Black Flash, the guilt-ridden Garrick forms a school for gifted children in [[San Francisco]] as well as the [[Teen Titans]] and goes on to get his leg repaired.
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears in the ''[[Injustice: Gods Among Us (comics)|Injustice: Gods Among Us]]'' prequel comic as a charter member of the [[Justice Society of America]] (JSA) and a friend of Barry Allen. After the [[Joker (character)|Joker]] obtains an amulet that allows the owner to possess individuals, he uses it on the JSA to hurt the Justice League,<ref>''Injustice: Year Zero'' #9 (October 2020)</ref> eventually forcing Garrick to kill himself.<ref>''Injustice: Year Zero'' #10 (November 2020)</ref>
* Jay Garrick / Flash appears as part of ''[[Lego]]'''s DC Super Heroes minifigure series.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jaysbrickblog.com/reviews/review-lego-dc-super-heroes-minifigures-series-2020/|title=Review: LEGO DC Super Heroes Minifigures Series (2020)|date=February 3, 2020|access-date=September 15, 2025|publisher=Jay's Brick Blog|website=jaysbrickblog.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.dcdatabaseproject.com/Flash_%28Jay_Garrick%29 Flash (Jay Garrick)] entry on DCDatabaseProject
* [http://www.toonopedia.com/flash1.htm Flash (1939)] at [[Don Markstein's Toonopedia]]. [https://archive.today/20240527220144/https://www.webcitation.org/6jOaL26as?url=http://toonopedia.com/flash1.htm Archived] from the original on July 30, 2016.
* {{cite web| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060323061226/http://www.monitorduty.com/mdarchives/2005/12/alan_kistlers_p_3.shtml |first=Alan|last= Kistler| title=  Profile On: The Flash – Part 1| publisher= MonitorDuty.com| date = December 21, 2005| archive-date= March 23, 2006| url= http://www.monitorduty.com:80/mdarchives/2005/12/alan_kistlers_p_3.shtml}}
{{Flash}}
{{Justice League characters}}
{{Justice Society of America}}
{{All-Star Squadron}}
{{Earth-Two}}
{{GoldenAge}}
{{Gardner Fox}}

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