View source for Interstate 110 and State Route 110 (California)

{{short description|Interstate and state highway in California}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox road
| state = CA
| county = Los Angeles
| type = ISR
| route = 110
| section = 410
| maint = [[Caltrans]]
| map = {{maplink-road|from=Interstate 110 and State Route 110 (California).map}}
| map_custom = yes
| map_notes = I-110 highlighted in red; SR&nbsp;110 in purple
| length_mi = 31.819
| length_ref = <ref name=trucklist/>
| length_round = 2
| restrictions = No trucks over 3 tons north of [[U.S. Route 101 in California|US&nbsp;101]]
| allocation = {{Plainlist|
*{{jct|state=CA|I|110|nolink1=true}} from [[San Pedro, Los Angeles]] to [[Downtown Los Angeles]]
*{{jct|state=CA|CA|110|nolink1=true}} from [[Downtown Los Angeles]] to [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]]
}}
| tourist = [[File:MUTCD M10-1.svg|20px|alt=|link=National Scenic Byway]][[File:California Scenic State.svg|20px|link=State Scenic Highway System (California)#California Historic Parkways]] [[Arroyo Seco Parkway]]
| direction_a = South
| terminus_a = {{jct|state=CA|SR|47}} in [[San Pedro, Los Angeles]]
| junction = {{Plainlist|
*{{jct|state=CA|I|405}} in [[Carson, California|Carson]]
*{{Jct|state=CA|SR|91}} in [[Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles]]
*{{Jct|state=CA|I|105}} in [[South Los Angeles]]
*{{jct|state=CA|I|10}} in [[Downtown Los Angeles]]
*{{jct|state=CA|US|101}} in [[Downtown Los Angeles]]
*{{jct|state=CA|I|5}} in [[Lincoln Heights, Los Angeles]]
}}
| direction_b = North
| terminus_b = Glenarm Street in [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]]
| previous_type = SR
| previous_route = 109
| next_type = SR
| next_route = 111
| spur_of = 10
| spur_type = I
}}

'''Route&nbsp;110''', consisting of '''State Route&nbsp;110''' ('''SR&nbsp;110''') and '''Interstate&nbsp;110''' ('''I-110'''), is a [[state highway|state]] and [[auxiliary Interstate Highway]] in the [[Los Angeles metropolitan area]] of the [[US state]] of [[California]]. The entire route connects [[San Pedro, Los Angeles|San Pedro]] and the [[Port of Los Angeles]] with [[Downtown Los Angeles]] and [[Pasadena]]. The southern segment from San Pedro to [[Interstate 10 in California|I-10]] in downtown Los Angeles is signed as I-110, while the northern segment to Pasadena is signed as SR&nbsp;110. The entire length of I-110, as well as SR&nbsp;110 south of the [[Four Level Interchange]] with [[U.S. Route 101 in California|US Route&nbsp;101]] (US&nbsp;101), is the '''Harbor Freeway''',<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/tsip/hseb/products/Named_Freeways.pdf |title=2007 Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances in California |publisher=[[Caltrans]] |page=71 |access-date=March 27, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014034335/http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/tsip/hseb/products/Named_Freeways.pdf |archive-date=October 14, 2012 }}</ref> and SR&nbsp;110 north from US&nbsp;101 to [[Pasadena]] is the historic [[Arroyo Seco Parkway]], the first [[controlled-access highway|freeway]] in the western United States.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Ryan |first=Colin |date=April 9, 2010 |title=America's First Freeway: The Arroyo Seco Parkway, aka, the 110 |url=http://www.trucktrend.com/features/1804-americas-first-freeway-the-arroyo-seco-parkway-aka-the-110/ |magazine=Truck Trend |location=El Segundo, California |publisher=Extreme Venturs, LLC |access-date=April 10, 2018 }}<br/>{{cite web |url=https://www.kcet.org/shows/departures/the-history-of-the-arroyo-seco-parkway-photos |title=The History of the Arroyo Seco Parkway |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=October 24, 2011 |website=Departures |publisher=[[KCET]] |access-date=April 10, 2010 }}<br/>{{cite book|author=Kevin Break|title=Bridges of Downtown Los Angeles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aKeMCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA94|year=2015|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-1-4671-3353-1|page=94}}<br/>{{cite web |url=https://jalopnik.com/184330/americas-first-freeway-the-110 |title=America's First Freeway: The 110 |last=Johnson |first=Davey G. |date=June 29, 2006 |website=Jalopnik |publisher=Gizmodo Media |access-date=April 10, 2018 }}<br/>{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/route66/arroyo_seco_parkway.html |title=Arroyo Seco Parkway |author=National Park Service's Heritage Education Services |website=Route 66 |publisher=United States Department of the Interior |access-date=April 10, 2018 }}<br/>{{cite news |last= Sproul |first= Suzanne |date= August 28, 2017 |title= Arroyo Seco Parkway, California's first freeway, celebrates 75 years |url= https://www.dailynews.com/2015/12/04/arroyo-seco-parkway-californias-first-freeway-celebrates-75-years/ |work= Los Angeles Daily News |quote= The Arroyo Seco Parkway, once called the Pasadena Freeway (110 Freeway) before the name was changed back in 2010, is considered by many to be the first freeway in the state and in the nation. |access-date=April 10, 2018 }}<br/>{{cite book|author=Rick Thomas|title=The Arroyo Seco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PoBuHp8jnXwC|year=2008|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-0-7385-5608-6}}</ref>

==Route description==
Route 110 is defined as follows in the [[California Codes|California Streets and Highways Code]]'s section 410, subdivision (a):<ref>[https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=SHC&sectionNum=410. California Code, SHC 410.]</ref>

<blockquote>Route 110 is from [[California State Route 47|Route 47]] in [[San Pedro, Los Angeles|San Pedro]] to Glenarm Street in [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]].</blockquote>

Following its renumbering from Route 11, Route 110 was originally defined as "from San Pedro to [[Colorado Boulevard]] in Pasadena." The conventional highway portions of the route were relinquished to the cities of Pasadena and Los Angeles in 2000 and 2009 respectively.<ref>[https://www.cahighways.org/ROUTE110.html California Highways: www.cahighways.org. Interstate 110.]</ref>

Route&nbsp;110 is part of the [[California Freeway and Expressway System]],<ref name="cafes">{{CAFESystem}}</ref> and is part of the [[National Highway System (United States)|National Highway System]],<ref name=fhwa-nhs>{{FHWA NHS map|region=losangeles|access-date=October 1, 2017}}</ref> a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the [[Federal Highway Administration]].<ref name=NHS-FHWA>{{FHWA NHS}}</ref>

<gallery widths="200px" heights="160px">
File:Entering Interstate 110, Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles, California (6027122768).jpg|Entering Interstate 110 in Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles
File:Harborfreeway2.jpg|The Harbor Freeway is often heavily congested at rush hour.
File:Harbor Freeway entrance on 6th Street.jpg|Entrance to the Harbor Freeway in Downtown Los Angeles
File:I110SBndEnteringTheSlot.jpg|The Harbor Freeway southbound entering "The Slot" after emerging from the "4-level"
</gallery>

===Harbor Freeway===
{{Redirect|section=yes|Harbor Freeway|the demolished freeway in Portland, Oregon|Harbor Drive}}

The Harbor Freeway, signed as I-110, begins at Gaffey Street in [[San Pedro, Los Angeles|San Pedro]], where it then travels mostly due north to the [[Santa Monica Freeway]] ([[Interstate 10 in California|I-10]]) at a point south of downtown [[Los Angeles]], where it becomes signed as SR&nbsp;110. I-110 is primarily within the city limits of Los Angeles, running right along the South Los Angeles region and the [[Harbor Gateway]], a {{convert|2|mi|km|spell=in|adj=on}} wide north&ndash;south corridor that was annexed by the city of Los Angeles specifically to connect San Pedro, [[Wilmington, Los Angeles|Wilmington]], and the [[Port of Los Angeles]] with the rest the city.

North of I-10, the freeway continues as SR&nbsp;110 through [[Downtown Los Angeles]] to its junction with [[U.S. Route 101 in California|US&nbsp;101]] at the [[Four Level Interchange]].

The Harbor Freeway, along with the Long Beach Freeway ([[Interstate 710 and State Route 710 (California)|I-710]]), are the principal means for freight from the Port of Los Angeles to railyards and warehouses further inland. Its interchange with the Santa Monica Freeway is notoriously busy and congested, and the portions bordering [[Bunker Hill, Los Angeles|Bunker Hill]] in northwest Downtown Los Angeles are choked with traffic at peak travel times.

;Landmarks
Notable landmarks and attractions near the Harbor Freeway include the [[Los Angeles Harbor College]],  [[California State University, Dominguez Hills]], [[Watts Towers]], [[Exposition Park (Los Angeles)|Exposition Park]] (including the [[Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum]], the [[BMO Stadium]] and the [[Lucas Museum of Narrative Art]]), the [[University of Southern California]], [[Crypto.com Arena]], [[L.A. Live]], [[Los Angeles Convention Center]], the skyline of [[Downtown Los Angeles]]; and [[Chinatown, Los Angeles|Chinatown]].

The Harbor Freeway is noted for its elaborate [[high-occupancy toll lane]] feature, with the HOT lanes elevated above the rest of traffic in many areas, constructed in 1994 by [[CC Myers|C.C. Myers, Inc.]] as HOV lanes and converted to HOT lanes in 2012. Of particular note is the [[Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange]], which contains the most elaborate network of direct HOV/HOT connectors in [[Los Angeles County]]. It includes a seven-story ramp that connects the [[Century Freeway]]'s HOV lanes to the Harbor Freeway's northbound HOT lanes and offers splendid views of the entire [[Los Angeles Basin]] and the [[San Gabriel Mountains]]. The interchange with SR&nbsp;91 (formally known as the Edmond J. Russ Interchange) is also fairly large.

===Arroyo Seco Parkway===
{{main|Arroyo Seco Parkway}}

SR&nbsp;110 continues north as the [[Arroyo Seco Parkway]] from US&nbsp;101 to [[Pasadena]]. From downtown, it passes through [[Elysian Park, Los Angeles|Elysian Park]], where the northbound lanes pass through the four [[Figueroa Street Tunnels]] and the higher southbound lanes pass through a cut and over low areas on bridges. Then after crossing the [[Los Angeles River]] and the [[Golden State Freeway]] ([[Interstate 5 in California|I-5]]), the parkway runs alongside the [[Arroyo Seco (Los Angeles County)|Arroyo Seco]] seasonal river towards Pasadena.

==Harbor Transitway==
The [[Harbor Transitway]] is a grade-separated, shared-use [[express bus]] and [[high-occupancy toll]] (HOT) corridor, running in the [[Central reservation|median]] of I-110, between [[California State Route 91|SR&nbsp;91]] ([[Gardena Freeway]]) and [[Adams Boulevard]] in the south side of Downtown Los Angeles. The southern end of the HOT lanes also includes dedicated ramps connecting to the [[Harbor Gateway Transit Center]].

{{As of|2025|January}}, the HOT lanes are a [[24/7 service]]. Solo drivers are tolled using a [[congestion pricing]] system based on the real-time levels of traffic. Carpools with two or more people and motorcycles are not charged.<ref name="using">{{Cite web |title=Using Metro ExpressLanes |url=https://www.metroexpresslanes.net/how-it-works/using-metro-expresslanes/ |website=www.metroexpresslanes.net |publisher=Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority |access-date=January 12, 2025}}</ref> All tolls are collected using an [[open road tolling]] system, and therefore there are no toll booths to receive cash. Each vehicle using the HOT lanes is required to carry a [[FasTrak]] ''Flex'' transponder with its switch set to indicate the number of the vehicle's occupants (1, 2, or 3+). Those with clean air vehicles need to apply to get a 15 percent discount. Solo drivers may also use the FasTrak standard tag without the switch. Drivers without any FasTrak tag will be assessed a toll violation regardless of whether they qualified for free.<ref name="using" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Clean Air Vehicle Discount |url=https://www.metroexpresslanes.net/offers-discounts/clean-air-vehicle-discount/ |website=www.metroexpresslanes.net |publisher=Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority |access-date=January 12, 2025}}</ref>

==History==
{{See also|Interstate 110 (California 1958–1968)}}
{{infobox road small
|state=CA
|type=CA
|route=11
|location= [[San Pedro, Los Angeles|San Pedro]] - [[Pasadena]]
|formed=1934
|deleted=1981
}}
[[File:Harbor Fwy Upper Deck1.jpg|thumb|left|[[Carpool lanes]] on the upper deck of the Harbor Freeway, south of Adams Boulevard]]
[[File:Interstate 10 Under Construction at SR 11 in California.png|thumb|I-10 under construction (Near SR 11), {{circa|1960}}]]
[[File:I-110 at I-105 aerial.jpg|thumb|Aerial view from the north of the Harbor Freeway (I-110) and its [[Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange]] with the [[Interstate 105 (California)|Century Freeway]] (I-105), on approach to Los Angeles International Airport. The [[Palos Verdes Peninsula]] and [[Santa Catalina Island (California)|Santa Catalina Island]] are visible in the distance.]]

In the 1924 Major Street Traffic Plan for Los Angeles, a widening of [[Figueroa Street]] to [[San Pedro, California|San Pedro]] as a good road to the [[Port of Los Angeles]] was proposed.<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], City Moves in Figueroa Plan, September 29, 1926, p. 13</ref> Progress was slow,<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Haste Asked on Figueroa, March 2, 1936, p. A8</ref> and, in 1933, the state legislature added the entire length to the state highway system as '''Route&nbsp;165''', an unsigned designation. This route not only extended from San Pedro north to Los Angeles, but continued through the city-built [[Figueroa Street Tunnels]] and along the northern extension of Figueroa Street to [[Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California|Eagle Rock]], and then followed Linda Vista Avenue (via an [[overlap (road)|overlap]] on [[Legislative Route 161 (California pre-1964)|Route&nbsp;161]] ([[California State Route 134|SR&nbsp;134]]) over the [[Colorado Street Bridge (Pasadena, California)|Colorado Street Bridge]]) to [[Legislative Route 9 (California pre-1964)|Route&nbsp;9]] (now [[Interstate 210 in California|I-210]]) at the [[Devil's Gate Reservoir]].<ref>{{cite CAstat|year=1933|ch=767|p=2040}}: "San Pedro to State Highway Route 9 near La Canada via Figueroa Street."</ref><ref>{{cite CAstat|year=1935|ch=29|p=285}}: "Route 165 is from San Pedro to Route 9 near La Canada via Figueroa Street."</ref><ref>{{cite CAstat|year=1935|ch=274|p=959, 285}}: "Route 165 is from San Pedro to Route 9 near La Canada via Figueroa Street and Linda Vista Avenue."</ref> The entire length of Route&nbsp;165 became '''Sign Route&nbsp;11''' in 1934.<ref>{{cite journal |first = T.H. |last = Dennis |date = August 1934 |url = https://archive.org/details/californiahighwa193436calirich/page/n275/mode/2up/ |title = State Routes Will Be Numbered and Marked with Distinctive Bear Signs |journal = [[California Highways and Public Works]] |volume = 11 |issue = 8 |pages = 20–21, 32  |issn = 0008-1159 |via = [[Archive.org]] }}</ref> [[U.S. Route 6 (California)|US Route&nbsp;6]] was also assigned to the portion between [[California State Route 1|SR&nbsp;1]] and Avenue&nbsp;26 in 1937,<ref>Richard F. Weingroff, [https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/us6.cfm U.S. 6: The Grand Army of the Republic Highway]</ref> and, at about the same time, [[U.S. Route 66 in California|US&nbsp;66]] was moved from [[Eagle Rock Boulevard]] to Figueroa Street, overlapping SR&nbsp;11 between [[Sunset Boulevard]] ([[U.S. Route 101 in California|US&nbsp;101]]) and [[Colorado Street]] ([[California State Route 134|SR&nbsp;134]]).<ref>[[H.M. Gousha Company]], [http://www.socalregion.com/highways/maps/1935-los-angeles/ Los Angeles and Vicinity], 1935</ref><ref>[[H.M. Gousha Company]], [http://www.socalregion.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/los_angeles_1939-958x1024.jpg Los Angeles and Vicinity], 1939</ref>

The state completed the [[Arroyo Seco Parkway]] which had been added to the state highway system in 1935 as Route&nbsp;205, in early 1941, providing a faster route between SR&nbsp;11 at Avenue&nbsp;26 and Pasadena.<ref name=HAER>[[Historic American Engineering Record]] (J. Philip Gruen and Portia Lee), [http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist07/aboutdist7/projects/arroyo_seco/pdf/hear_doc.pdf Arroyo Seco Parkway (HAER No. CA-265) written historical and descriptive data], August 1999, pp. 34, 57, 65, 67 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031030151/http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist07/aboutdist7/projects/arroyo_seco/pdf/hear_doc.pdf |date=October 31, 2007 }}</ref> US&nbsp;66 was moved to the new route, while SR&nbsp;11 remained on Figueroa Street and Linda Vista Avenue, the former also becoming a new [[U.S. Route 66 Alternate (Los Angeles, California)|US Route&nbsp;66 Alternate]].<ref>Correspondence between the [[Division of Highways (California)|Division of Highways]] and [[American Association of State Highway Officials]], transcribed at [http://cahighways.org/065-072.html#066 California Highways: State Route 66]</ref> Construction of a freeway to San Pedro was much slower, despite having been in the earliest plans for an integrated system. Initially, the '''Harbor Parkway''' was to split at the merge with the [[Venice Parkway]] northeast of the [[University of Southern California]], with the [[East By-Pass]] and '''West By-Pass''' straddling the [[Downtown Los Angeles|Los Angeles Central Business District]] and rejoining at the split between the Arroyo Seco Parkway and Riverside Parkway south of [[Dodger Stadium]].<ref name=plan-1937>[[Automobile Club of Southern California]], map from Traffic Survey, Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, 1937, reproduced in Janet L. Abu-Lughod, New York, Chicago, Los Angeles: America's Global Cities, 1999, p. 256</ref><ref name="plan-1939">[[Transportation Engineering Board]], map from A Transit Program for the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region, 1939, reproduced in Gerrylynn K. Roberts, Philip Steadman, American Cities and Technology: Wilderness to Wired City, 1999, p. 79</ref><ref>Andrew Hamilton, [[New York Times]], Los Angeles Roads Plan, February 25, 1940, p. 128</ref> The West By-Pass was soon incorporated into the Harbor Parkway,<ref name="plan-1947">[[Los Angeles County Regional Planning District]], [http://cahighways.org/maps/1947feplan.jpg Master Plan of Metropolitan Los Angeles Freeways], adopted August 6, 1947</ref> and the first short piece, by then renamed the Harbor Freeway, opened on July&nbsp;30, 1952, from the [[Four Level Interchange]] south to 3rd&nbsp;Street.<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Official Ceremonies Open First Harbor Freeway Link, July 31, 1952, p. A1</ref> (The Arroyo Seco Parkway was completed to the Four Level Interchange on September&nbsp;22, 1953, and renamed the Pasadena Freeway on November&nbsp;16, 1954.<ref name=HAER/>)

The Harbor Freeway gradually pushed south, opening to [[Olympic Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Olympic Boulevard]] on March&nbsp;23, 1954,<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], New Harbor Freeway Link to Open Today, March 23, 1954</ref> and [[Washington Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Washington Boulevard]] on May&nbsp;14, 1954.<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], New Harbor Freeway Section to Open Today, May 14, 1954</ref> On March&nbsp;27, 1956, the highway was extended to 42nd&nbsp;Street,<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Brief Ceremonies Open Harbor Freeway Section, March 28, 1956, p. 2</ref> and on April&nbsp;24, 1957, it reached temporary<ref>[[Van Nuys News]], Harbor Freeway Section Opened, August 5, 1958</ref> ramps at 88th&nbsp;Place.<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Ribbon Cut for New Four-Mile Extension to Harbor Freeway, April 25, 1957</ref> Further extensions were made to [[Century Boulevard]] on July&nbsp;31, 1958,<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], New Harbor Freeway Link Due Thursday, July 28, 1958, p. 5</ref> 124th&nbsp;Street on September&nbsp;24, 1958,<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Harbor Freeway Sector Opens With Ceremony, September 25, 1958, p. B1</ref> [[Alondra Boulevard]] (which the county widened to carry the load) on May&nbsp;2, 1960,<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Alondra Blvd. Readied for Freeway Exit Load, May 1, 1960, p. CS1</ref> 190th&nbsp;Street on July&nbsp;15, 1960,<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Two-Mile Harbor Freeway Section Will Open Today, July 15, 1960</ref> [[Torrance Boulevard]] on August&nbsp;28, 1962,<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Harbor Freeway Link to Be Opened Today, August 28, 1962, p. A1</ref> and finally [[Pacific Coast Highway (California)|Pacific Coast Highway]] ([[California State Route 1|SR&nbsp;1]]) on September&nbsp;26, 1962.<ref>[[Los Angeles Times]], Final Harbor Freeway Link to Be Opened, September 24, 1962, p. 25</ref> There it connected with a section that had been open since June&nbsp;19, 1956, from Pacific Coast Highway south to Channel Street.<ref>[[Van Nuys News]], Harbor Freeway Two-Mile Sector Will Open Today, June 19, 1956</ref> Along with the [[Vincent Thomas Bridge]] to [[Terminal Island]], the final piece in San Pedro opened on July&nbsp;9, 1970, completing the Harbor Freeway to its present length.<ref>Lee Bastajian, [[Los Angeles Times]], Vincent Thomas Bridge Link Scheduled to Open in July, May 31, 1970, p. CS1</ref><ref>[[Long Beach Independent]], Dedication Set on Freeway Link to Bridge, July 8, 1970</ref><ref>[[Valley News (Van Nuys)]], Harbor Freeway Extension to Be Dedicated Today, July 9, 1970</ref>

In December&nbsp;1978, the Harbor Freeway was approved as an [[Interstate Highway System|Interstate Highway]] by the [[Federal Highway Administration|FHWA]]. In 1981, the SR&nbsp;11 designation was renumbered as I-110 on the Harbor Freeway, and SR&nbsp;110 on the [[Pasadena Freeway]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cahighways.org/105-112.html#110 |title=California Highways (www.cahighways.org): Routes 105 through 112 |publisher=www.cahighways.org |access-date=January 26, 2013}}</ref> The I-110 designation had been previously applied to [[Interstate_10_in_California#Spur_to_US_101|what is now a spur of I-10]] from 1958 to 1968.

===Richard Ankrom signage===
In 2001, Richard Ankrom, a local artist who got lost trying to get onto [[Interstate 5 (California)|I-5]] North from northbound SR&nbsp;110 because there was no clear official signage labeling access to I-5 North, solved his frustration by covertly modifying one of the overhead signs on the freeway just before the [[Four Level Interchange]] ({{coord|34.055759|N|118.256181|W|region:US-CA}}). Using [[Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices|official government sign specifications]], Ankrom fabricated two sign pieces, one being an I-5 marker shield and the other with the word "NORTH", and affixed them to the left side of the sign. He performed his modifications in broad daylight, disguised as a [[Caltrans]] worker. In that district, Caltrans has three sign crews, each thinking one of the other two crews did the installation. After nine months, at Ankrom's request, the ''[[Los Angeles Downtown News]]'' broke the story.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stumpf |first=Rob |date=2023-07-28 |title=How an Artist Helped Millions of Drivers With a Counterfeit Highway Sign |url=https://www.thedrive.com/news/how-an-artist-helped-millions-of-drivers-with-a-counterfeit-highway-sign |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=The Drive |language=en-US}}</ref>

Prior to Ankrom's work, the only signage directing motorists to the I-5 North off-ramp came at a quarter-mile (0.4 km) before the exit, thus forcing many to merge across multiple lanes in a very short distance. The signs were inspected by Caltrans to ensure they would not fall off onto the road below. Ankrom was never charged, despite statements from officials that his actions were illegal. Ankrom referred to his sign project as "Guerilla Public Service".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laweekly.com/2009-12-31/la-life/richard-ankrom-s-freeway-art-caltrans-buys-into-the-prank/full|title=RICHARD ANKROM's Freeway Art: Caltrans Buys Into the Prank|work=[[LA Weekly]]|last=Stephens|first=Craig|date=December 30, 2009|access-date=June 28, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923090919/http://www.laweekly.com/2009-12-31/la-life/richard-ankrom-s-freeway-art-caltrans-buys-into-the-prank/full/|archive-date=September 23, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{citation needed span|Caltrans later added an additional "5 North" sign over the left northbound lane at the entrance to the Figueroa Street Tunnels, as well as new electric signage, which will note when an additional lane is available for those wishing to transition to northbound I-5 (converting the current single lane transition to dual lanes).|date=July 2024}}

In 2009, Caltrans replaced all signage along this segment with newer, more reflective versions. These new signs include Ankrom's original improvements.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ankrom.org/freeway_signs.html |title=freeway signs |publisher=Ankrom.org |access-date=January 26, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302152936/https://www.ankrom.org/freeway_signs.html|archive-date=2 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=guerrilla public service |url=https://www.ankrom.org/guerrilla-public-service |access-date=2022-11-13 |website=www.ankrom.org}}</ref>

==Preservation==
Despite the increased traffic in Los Angeles, including trucks shipping products from the [[Port of Los Angeles]] in San Pedro, there are no plans to upgrade the rest of I-110 from I-10 to Pasadena to Interstate standards. Instead, [[Caltrans]] has pushed for a protected status alternative to preserve the [[Arroyo Seco Parkway]] as a historic landmark. The state legislature designated the original section, north of the Figueroa Street Viaduct, as a "California Historic Parkway" (part of the [[State Scenic Highway System (California)|State Scenic Highway System]] reserved for freeways built before 1945) in 1993;<ref>{{cite CAstat|year=1993|ch=179}}</ref> the only other highway so designated is the [[Cabrillo Freeway]] ([[SR 163 (CA)|SR&nbsp;163]]) in [[San Diego, CA|San Diego]]. The [[American Society of Civil Engineers]] named it a [[National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark]] in 1999,<ref>HAER, p. 4</ref> and it became a [[National Scenic Byway]] in 2002.<ref>[[U.S. Department of Transportation]], [https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pressroom/fhwa0227.cfm U.S. Transportation Secretary Mineta Names 36 New National Scenic Byways, All-American Roads], June 13, 2002</ref>

==Exit list==
{{CAinttop|exit
|length_ref=<ref name=trucklist>{{Caltrans trucklist}}</ref><ref name=bridgelog>{{Caltrans bridgelog|date=July 2007}}</ref><ref name=traffic>[[California Department of Transportation]], [http://traffic-counts.dot.ca.gov/2006all.htm All Traffic Volumes on CSHS] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721033203/http://traffic-counts.dot.ca.gov/2006all.htm |date=July 21, 2011 }}, 2006</ref>
|exit_ref=<ref name=calnexus>[[California Department of Transportation]], [[California Numbered Exit Uniform System]], [http://www.dot.ca.gov/trafficops/exit/docs/110.pdf I-110], accessed January 2008</ref>
|county=Los Angeles
}}
{{CAint|exit
|location=San Pedro
|lspan=4
|mile=0.93
|mspan=2
|exit=
|road=Gaffey Street&nbsp;– [[San Pedro, Los Angeles|San Pedro]]
|notes=Southern terminus of I-110/Harbor Freeway<ref name=namedFreeways>{{cite web |title=2014 Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances in California |url=http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/tsip/hseb/products/Named_Freeways_Final.pdf |publisher=California Department of Transportation |access-date=June 20, 2015 }}</ref>
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=none
|exit=1A
|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|47|name1=[[Vincent Thomas Bridge]]|city1=Terminal Island|city2=Long Beach}}
|notes=SR&nbsp;47 exit 1B
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=1.23
|exit=1B
|road=Channel Street / Pacific Avenue
|notes=Southbound entrance goes directly to SR 47 north
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=2.77
|exit=3A
|road=Harry Bridges Boulevard
|notes=Reconstructed in 2016 from the formerly signed C Street interchange<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-06-20|title=Reconfigured 110 Freeway ramp in Wilmington reopens.|url=https://www.dailybreeze.com/2016/06/20/reconfigured-110-freeway-ramp-in-wilmington-reopens/|access-date=2023-04-08|work=[[Daily Breeze]]|language=en-US}}</ref>
}}
{{CAint|exit
|location=Wilmington
|lspan=1
|mile=3.26
|exit=3B
|road=Anaheim Street
}}
{{CAint|exit
|location1=Wilmington
|location2=Harbor City
|lspan=1
|mile=4.06
|exit=4
|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|1|name1=[[Pacific Coast Highway (California)|Pacific Coast Highway]]|city1=Torrance|city2=Beach Cities}}
}}
{{CAint|exit
|location1=West Carson
|location2=Carson
|lspan=4
|mile=5.45
|exit=5
|road=[[Sepulveda Boulevard]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=6.52
|exit=7A
|road=223rd Street
|notes=Northbound access is via exit 7
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=7.02
|exit=7B
|road=[[Carson Street (Los Angeles)|Carson Street]]
|notes=Signed as exit 7 northbound
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=7.74
|exit=8
|road=Torrance Boulevard
|notes=
}}
{{CAint|exit
|location1=Carson
|location2=Los Angeles
|mile=8.78
|mile2=9.07
|exit=9
|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|405|name1=[[Interstate 405 (California)|San Diego Freeway]]|city1=Santa Monica|city2=Long Beach|road|190th Street}}
|notes=190th Street is not signed northbound; I-405 is former [[California State Route 7 (1934-1964)|SR&nbsp;7]]; I-405 north exit 37, south exit 37A
}}
{{CAint|exit
|location=Los Angeles
|lspan=51
|mile=9.87
|exit=10A
|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|91|dir1=east|name1=[[Gardena Freeway]]}}
|notes=Signed as exit 10 southbound; SR&nbsp;91 west exit 6
|nspan=2
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=9.87
|exit=10B
|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|91|dir1=west|name1=[[Gardena Freeway]]}}
|notes=none
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=etc
|mile=
|mspan=2
|exit=—
|road=I-110 Express Lanes
|notes=Southern end of Express Lanes on mainline I-110
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=etc
|mile=none
|exit=—
|road=[[Harbor Gateway Transit Center]]
|notes=Express Lanes access only; southbound exit and northbound entrance; connects to West 182nd Street
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=closed
|mile=
|exit=—
|road=Alondra Boulevard
|notes=Former northbound exit only; removed in 1987 during construction of the Redondo Beach Boulevard interchange.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Goodman|first=Adrianne|date=1989-02-03|title=Saving a Street : Gardena's New Beautification Project Aims to Spruce Up Once-Thriving Boulevard|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-02-03-me-1951-story.html|access-date=2023-04-08|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|language=en-US}}</ref>
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=11.24
|exit=11
|road=Redondo Beach Boulevard
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=11.89
|exit=12
|road=[[Rosecrans Avenue]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=12.90
|exit=13
|road=[[El Segundo Boulevard]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=13.82
|exit=14A
|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|105|dir1=east|name1=[[Glenn Anderson Freeway]]|city1=Norwalk}}
|notes=[[Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange]]; signed as exit 14A southbound; I-105 exit 7B
|nspan=2
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=13.85
|exit=14B
|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|105|dir1=west|name1=[[Glenn Anderson Freeway]]|location1=[[Los Angeles International Airport|LAX Airport]]}}
|notes=none
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=etc
|mile=
|exit=—
|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|105|dir1=east}}
|notes=Express Lanes access only; southbound exit and northbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=13.97
|exit=14B
|road=[[Imperial Highway]]
|notes=Northbound exit is part of I-105 west
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=etc
|mile=
|exit=—
|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|105|dir1=west|location1=[[Los Angeles International Airport|LAX Airport]]|extra=airport}}
|notes=Express Lanes access only; southbound exit and northbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=14.97
|exit=15
|road=[[Century Boulevard]]
|notes=No southbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=15.98
|exit=16
|road=Manchester Avenue
|notes=Former [[California State Route 42|SR&nbsp;42]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=16.98
|exit=17
|road=[[Florence Avenue]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=17.51
|exit=18A
|road=Gage Avenue
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=17.98
|exit=18B
|road=[[Slauson Avenue]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=18.50
|exit=19A
|road=51st Street
|notes=Southbound exit and northbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=19.00
|exit=19B
|road=[[Vernon Avenue]]
|notes=Signed as exit 19 northbound
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=19.50
|exit=20A
|road=[[Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard]]&nbsp;– [[Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum]], [[Exposition Park (Los Angeles)|Exposition Park]], [[Banc of California Stadium]]
|notes=Formerly Santa Barbara Avenue<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-01-15|title=LA's MLK Boulevard got its name because of another King.|url=https://www.kpcc.org/show/take-two/2018-01-15/las-mlk-boulevard-got-its-name-because-of-another-king|access-date=2023-04-08|work=[[KPCC (FM)|89.3 KPCC]]|language=en-US}}</ref>
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=etc
|mile=
|exit=—
|road=39th Street&nbsp;– [[Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum|Coliseum]]
|notes=Express Lanes access only; northbound exit and southbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=20.00
|exit=20B
|road=37th Street / Exposition Boulevard
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=etc
|mile=
|mspan=2
|exit=—
|road=I-110 Express Lanes
|notes=Northernmost access point on mainline I-110
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=etc
|mile=none
|exit=—
|road=[[Adams Boulevard]] / [[Figueroa Street]]
|notes=Express Lanes access only; northbound exit and southbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=20.71
|exit=20C
|road=[[Adams Boulevard]]
|notes=Exits only; southbound access is via I-10 east exit
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=trans
|mile=21.44
|exit=21
|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|10|name1=[[Santa Monica Freeway]]|city1=Santa Monica|city2=San Bernardino}}
|notes=[[Dosan Ahn Chang Ho Memorial Interchange]]; northern terminus of I-110; southern terminus of SR&nbsp;110; southbound exit ramp to I-10 west provides direct exit to [[Washington Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Washington Boulevard]]; southbound exit ramp to I-10 east provides direct exit to [[Grand Avenue (Los Angeles)|Grand Avenue]] / Olive Street – [[Los Angeles Convention Center|Convention Center]]; I-10 east exits 13A-B, west exit 13
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=21.76
|mile2=22.12
|exit=22A
|road=[[Pico Boulevard]] / [[Olympic Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Olympic Boulevard]]&nbsp;– [[Downtown Los Angeles, California|Downtown Los Angeles]]
|notes=Northbound access is via I-10 west exit
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=22.36
|exit=22B
|road=James M. Wood Boulevard / 9th Street / 8th Street
|notes=Signed as exit 22 northbound; James M. Wood not signed southbound, 8th Street not signed northbound
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=22.83
|exit=23A
|road=[[6th Street (Los Angeles)|6th Street]] / [[Wilshire Boulevard]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=23.04
|mspan=2
|exit=23B<!--former 22B northbound-->
|road=4th Street
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=none
|exit=23C<!--former 22B northbound-->
|road=[[3rd Street, Los Angeles|3rd Street]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=23.73
|exit=24A
|espan=2
|type=trans
|road={{Jct|state=CA|US|101|dir1=south|to2=to|I|5|I|10|SR|60|dir2=south|name2=Santa Ana Freeway|dir3=east|name3=San Bernardino Freeway|dir4=east|name4=Pomona Freeway}}
|notes=[[Four Level Interchange]]; northern end of Harbor Freeway; southern end of [[Arroyo Seco Parkway]]; US&nbsp;101 north exit 3, south exit 3B
|nspan=2
}}
{{CAint
|type=trans
|mile=23.73
|road={{Jct|state=CA|US|101|dir1=north|name1=[[Hollywood Freeway]]|city1=Ventura}}
|notes=none
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=23.96
|exit=24B<!--former 24A-->
|road=[[Sunset Boulevard]]
|notes=Southbound exit and northbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=24.55
|type=incomplete
|exit=24C<!--former 24B southbound-->
|road=[[Hill Street (Los Angeles)|Hill Street]]&nbsp;– [[Chinatown (Los Angeles)|Chinatown]], [[Civic Center (Los Angeles)|Civic Center]]
|notes=No southbound entrance; signed as exit 24B northbound; left exit southbound
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=24.73
|exit=24D<!--former 24 northbound/24C southbound-->
|road=Stadium Way&nbsp;– [[Dodger Stadium]]
|notes=Signed as exit 24B northbound
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=24.90
|tunnel=[[Figueroa Street Tunnels|Figueroa Street Tunnel No. 1]]; northbound only
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=25.04
|exit=25<!--former 25 northbound-->
|road=Solano Avenue / Academy Road
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=25.14
|mile2=25.37<!--25.14, 25.28, and 25.37-->
|tunnel=[[Figueroa Street Tunnels|Figueroa Street Tunnels No. 2-4]]; northbound only
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=25.48
|exit=26A
|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|5|name1=[[Golden State Freeway]]|dir1=north|city1=Sacramento}}
|notes=Northbound left exit and southbound entrance; I-5 south exit 137B
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=25.78
|exit=26B<!--former 26-->
|road=[[Figueroa Street]]
|notes=Northbound left exit and southbound entrance; former [[California State Route 159|SR&nbsp;159]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=25.91
|exit=26A
|road=Avenue&nbsp;26
|notes=Southbound exit and northbound entrance; former [[California State Route 163 (1964)|SR&nbsp;163]]
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=26.12
|exit=26B
|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|5|name1=[[Golden State Freeway]]|city1=Santa Ana|city2=Sacramento}}
|notes=Southbound exit and northbound entrance; I-5 north exit 137B, south exit 137A
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=27.12
|exit=27
|road=Avenue&nbsp;43
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=28.05
|exit=28A
|road=Avenue&nbsp;52
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=28.38
|exit=28B
|road=Via Marisol
}}
{{CAint|exit
|mile=28.76
|exit=29
|road=Avenue&nbsp;60
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=29.28
|exit=30A
|road=Marmion Way / Avenue&nbsp;64
|notes=Northbound exit and southbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=29.50
|exit=30
|road=York Boulevard
|notes=Southbound exit and entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|type=incomplete
|mile=30.10
|exit=30B
|road=Bridewell Street
|notes=Northbound exit only
}}
{{CAint|exit
|location=South Pasadena
|mile=30.59
|exit=31A
|road=Orange Grove Avenue
}}
{{CAint|exit
|location1=South Pasadena
|location2=Pasadena
|type=incomplete
|mile=31.17
|exit=31B
|road=[[Fair Oaks Avenue (Pasadena)|Fair Oaks Avenue]]
|notes=No northbound entrance
}}
{{CAint|exit
|espan=2
|location=Pasadena
|lspan=2
|mile=31.91
|mspan=2
|exit=
|road={{jct|state=CA|extra=rail|road|Glenarm Street|location1=[[Los Angeles Metro Rail|Light Rail]]}}
|notes=[[At-grade intersection]]; northern terminus of SR&nbsp;110/[[Arroyo Seco Parkway]]<ref name=namedFreeways/>
}}
{{CAint
|mile=none
|road={{jct|state=CA|extra=rail|road|Arroyo Parkway|location1=[[Los Angeles Metro Rail|Light Rail]]|location2=[[Rose Bowl Stadium|Rose Bowl]]|location3=Huntington Library}}
|notes=Continuation beyond Glenarm Street
}}
{{jctbtm|keys=closed,etc,incomplete,trans}}

== See also ==
*{{portal-inline|California Roads}}
*{{portal-inline|Greater Los Angeles}}

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{commons}}
{{Attached KML|display=inline,title}}
{{CASR external links|I|110}}
*[http://www.metroexpresslanes.net Metro ExpressLanes] – includes toll information on the I-110 Express Lanes
* [http://www.laweekly.com/2002-05-16/columns/guerrilla-public-service-the-man-who-would-be-caltrans/ A written account of Richard Ankrom's sign modification]
* [http://ankrom.org/freeway_signs.html Ankrom's Web page about the signs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130816002939/http://ankrom.org/freeway_signs.html |date=August 16, 2013 }}
* [http://www.cahighways.org/105-112.html#110 California Highways - Interstate 110]
* [http://www.asphaltplanet.ca/CA/I/110/index.html Harbor Freeway @ Asphaltplanet.ca]
*[http://www.aaroads.com/california/i-110_ca.html California @ AARoads.com - Interstate 110 and California 110]

{{I-10 aux}}

[[Category:Interstate 10|1 (California)]]
[[Category:Interstate Highways in California|10-1]]
[[Category:Roads in Los Angeles County, California|Interstate 10-1]]
[[Category:Southern California freeways]]
[[Category:Auxiliary Interstate Highways|10-1 California]]
[[Category:Transportation in Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Transportation in Pasadena, California|State Route 110]]
[[Category:Carson, California]]
[[Category:U.S. Route 6|110]]
[[Category:South Los Angeles]]
[[Category:State highways in California|110]]