View source for International figure skating

{{Short description|Sport with participants across the world}}
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{{Excessive examples|date=March 2025}}
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[[Figure skating]] is a sport with participants across the world. Originally based in North America and Europe, the sport has experienced a major expansion in the countries of East Asia. The international governing body of the sport is the [[International Skating Union|International Skating Union (ISU)]]. Only those nations which are members of the International Skating Union are allowed to compete in the figure skating events in the [[Olympic Games]].

== Africa (3) ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country !! ISU member !! width=250px | Governing body !! Official site !! Skaters !! Additional
|-
| {{flag|Egypt}} || Yes || Ice Skate Egypt || https://iceskateegypt.com/ || || 
|-
| {{flag|Morocco}} || Yes || Association of Moroccan Ice Sports || || || 
|-
| {{flag|South Africa}} || Yes || South African Figure Skating Association || http://www.safsa.org.za/ || [[:Category:South African figure skaters|Category]] || 
|}

== Americas (9) ==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country !! ISU member !! width=250px | Governing body !! Official site !! Skaters !! Additional
|-
| {{flag|Argentina}} || Yes || Federación Argentina de Patinaje Sobre Hielo || http://www.faph.org/ || [[:Category:Argentine figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Brazil}} || Yes || [[Brazilian Ice Sports Federation]] || http://www.cbdg.org.br/ || [[:Category:Brazilian figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Canada}} || Yes || [[Skate Canada (governing body)|Skate Canada]] || http://www.skatecanada.ca/en/ || [[:Category:Canadian figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Chile}} || Yes || Chilean National Figure Skating Federation || http://www.patinajesobrehielochile.com || || 
|-
| {{flag|Ecuador}} || Yes || Ecuadorian Skating Federation || https://ecuatorianadepatinaje.com/ || || 
|-
| {{flag|Mexico}} || Yes || Mexican Skating Federation || || [[:Category:Mexican figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Peru}} || Yes || Peruvian Ice Skating Federation || || || 
|-
| {{flag|Puerto Rico}} || No || Puerto Rico Skating Federation || || [[:Category:Puerto Rican figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|United States}} || Yes || [[U.S. Figure Skating]] || http://www.usfigureskating.org/ || [[:Category:American figure skaters|Category]] || 
|}

== Asia (21) ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country !! ISU member !! width=250px | Governing body !! Official site !! Skaters !! Additional
|-
| {{flag|Cambodia}} || Yes || Cambodia Ice Skating Federation || || || 
|-
| {{flag|China}} || Yes || Chinese Figure Skating Association || https://web.archive.org/web/20190507101347/http://chnfs.org/ || [[:Category:Chinese figure skaters|Category]] || {{flag|Macau}} – Macau Skating Union
|-
| {{flag|Hong Kong}} || Yes || Hong Kong Skating Union || https://hksu.org/ || [[:Category:Hong Kong figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|India}} || Yes || [[Ice Skating Association of India]] || https://www.iceskatingindia.in/ || [[:Category:Indian figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Indonesia}} || Yes || Federasi Ice Skating Indonesia || https://fisid.org/ || [[:Category:Indonesian figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Japan}} || Yes || [[Japan Skating Federation]] || http://www.skatingjapan.or.jp/ || [[:Category:Japanese figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}} || Yes || National Skating Federation of the Republic of Kazakhstan || https://skating.kz/ || [[:Category:Kazakhstani figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} || Yes || Skating Federation of the Kyrgyz Republic || || || 
|-
| {{flag|Malaysia}} || Yes || Ice Skating Association of Malaysia || https://www.isam.org.my/ || [[:Category:Malaysian figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Mongolia}} || Yes || Skating Union of Mongolia || || || 
|-
| {{flag|North Korea}} || Yes || Skating Association of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea || || [[:Category:North Korean figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Pakistan}} || No || Pakistan Skating Association || || || 
|-
| {{flag|Philippines}} || Yes || [[Philippine Skating Union]] || https://www.philippineskating.org/ || [[:Category:Filipino figure skaters|Category]]|| 
|-
| {{flag|Singapore}} || Yes || Singapore Ice Skating Association || https://www.sisa.org.sg/ || [[:Category:Singaporean figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|South Korea}} || Yes || [[Korea Skating Union]] || http://skating.or.kr/ || [[:Category:South Korean figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Chinese Taipei}} || Yes || Chinese Taipei Skating Union || https://ctsu.com.tw/ || [[:Category:Taiwanese figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Thailand}} || Yes || Figure and Speed Skating Association of Thailand || https://www.fsat.or.th/ || [[:Category:Thai figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Turkmenistan}} || Yes || National Center of Turkmenistan for Winter Sport || || || 
|-
| {{flag|United Arab Emirates}} || Yes || United Arab Emirates Ice Sports Federation || http://www.uaeisf.com/ || [[:Category:Emirati figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Uzbekistan}} || Yes || Winter Sports Association of Uzbekistan || || [[:Category:Uzbekistani figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Vietnam}} || Yes || Skating Federation of Vietnam || || ||
|}

== Europe (48) ==
Some countries within Asia are listed here, as they may compete at the European Championships.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country !! ISU member !! width=250px | Governing body !! Official site !! Skaters !! Additional
|-
| {{flag|Andorra}} || Yes || [[Andorran Federation of Ice Sports]] || https://web.archive.org/web/20130118204407/http://www.faeg.org/ || [[:Category:Andorran figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Armenia}} || Yes || [[Figure Skating Federation of Armenia]] || [https://web.archive.org/web/20110218020032/http://www.iamsport.org/pg/profile/ArmeniaSkating]|| [[:Category:Armenian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Austria}} || Yes || Österreichischer Eiskunstlauf Verband || http://www.skateaustria.com/ || [[:Category:Austrian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Azerbaijan}} || Yes || The Skating Federation of Azerbaijan Republic || || [[:Category:Azerbaijani figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}} || Yes || Skating Union of Belarus || || [[:Category:Belarusian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Belgium}} || Yes || Federation Royale Belge de Patinage Artistique || http://www.kbsf.be/ || [[:Category:Belgian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} || Yes || Skating Federation of Bosnia & Herzegovina || http://www.ksbih.ba/ || [[:Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Bulgaria}} || Yes || Bulgarian Skating Federation || || [[:Category:Bulgarian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Croatia}} || Yes || Croatia Skating Federation || http://www.croskate.hr/ || [[:Category:Croatian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Cyprus}} || Yes || Cyprus Ice Skating Federation || || [[:Category:Cypriot figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Czech Republic}} || Yes || Czech Figure Skating Association || http://www.czechskating.org/ || [[:Category:Czech figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Denmark}} || Yes || Danske Skøjte Union || http://www.danskate.dk/ || [[:Category:Danish figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Estonia}} || Yes || [[Estonian Skating Union]] || || [[:Category:Estonian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Finland}} || Yes || [[Finnish Figure Skating Association]] || http://www.stll.fi/ || [[:Category:Finnish figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|France}} || Yes || [[French Federation of Ice Sports]] || http://www.ffsg.org || [[:Category:French figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}} || Yes || Georgian Figure Skating Association || || [[:Category:Figure skaters from Georgia (country)|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Germany}} || Yes || [[German Ice Skating Union]] || http://www.eislauf-union.de/ || [[:Category:German figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Gibraltar}} || No || Gibraltar Skating Association || || ||
|-
| {{flag|Greece}} || Yes || [[Hellenic Winter Sports Federation]] || http://www.hisf.gr/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506053611/http://www.hisf.gr/ |date=2015-05-06 }} || [[:Category:Greek figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Hungary}} || Yes || Hungarian National Skating Federation || http://www.moksz.hu/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111130055038/http://www.moksz.hu/ |date=2011-11-30 }} || [[:Category:Hungarian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Iceland}} || Yes || [[Icelandic Skating Association]] || http://www.skautasamband.is/ || [[:Category:Icelandic figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Republic of Ireland}} || Yes || Ice Skating Association of Ireland || http://isai.ie/ || [[:Category:Irish figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Israel}} || Yes || Israel Ice Skating Federation || https://web.archive.org/web/20070930122747/http://www.israel-isf.org/ || [[:Category:Israeli figure skaters|Category]] || 
|-
| {{flag|Italy}} || Yes || [[Italian Ice Sports Federation]] || http://www.fisg.it/ || [[:Category:Italian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Latvia}} || Yes || Latvian Skating Association || http://www.skatelatvia.lv/ || [[:Category:Latvian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Liechtenstein}} || Yes || Liechtensteinian Skating Association || || [[:Category:Liechtenstein figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Lithuania}} || Yes || [[Lithuanian Skating Federation]] || || [[:Category:Lithuanian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Luxembourg}} || Yes || Luxembourgian Union of Skating || || [[:Category:Luxembourgian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Moldova}} || Yes || Figure Skating Federation of the Republic of Moldova || || ||
|-
| {{flag|Monaco}} || Yes || Federation Monegasque de Patinage || || [[:Category:Monegasque figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Montenegro}} || No || Skating Association Of Montenegro || || [[:Category:Montenegrin figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Netherlands}} || Yes || Royal Dutch Skating Federation || http://knsb.nl/ || [[:Category:Dutch figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|North Macedonia}} || Yes || Skating Federation of North Macedonia || || ||
|-
| {{flag|Norway}} || Yes || [[Norwegian Skating Association]] || http://www.skoyteforbundet.no/ || [[:Category:Norwegian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Poland}} || Yes || Polish Figure Skating Association || http://www.pfsa.com.pl/ || [[:Category:Polish figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Portugal}} || Yes || [[Portuguese Winter Sports Federation]] || http://www.fpp.pt/ || [[:Category:Portuguese figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Romania}} || Yes || Romanian Skating Federation || https://web.archive.org/web/20130325011935/http://www.frp.ro/ || [[:Category:Romanian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Russia}} || Yes || [[Figure Skating Federation of Russia]] || http://fsrussia.ru/ || [[:Category:Russian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|San Marino}} || No || Federazione San Marin Sport del Ghiaccio || || ||
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}} || Yes || Serbian Skating Association || http://www.klizackisavezsrbije.rs/ || [[:Category:Serbian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Slovakia}} || Yes || Slovak Figure Skating Association || http://www.kraso.sk/ || [[:Category:Slovakian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Slovenia}} || Yes || Slovene Skating Union || http://www.drsalna-zveza.si/ || [[:Category:Slovenian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Spain}} || Yes || [[Spanish Ice Sports Federation]] || http://www.fedhielo.com/ || [[:Category:Spanish figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Sweden}} || Yes || Svenska Konståkningsförbundet || http://www.skatesweden.se || [[:Category:Swedish figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Switzerland}} || Yes || Schweizer Eislauf-Verband || http://www.swissiceskating.ch/ || [[:Category:Swiss figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}} || Yes || [[Turkish Ice Skating Federation]] || http://www.buzpateni.org.tr/ || [[:Category:Turkish figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}} || Yes || Ukrainian Figure Skating Federation || http://www.ufsf.com.ua/ || [[:Category:Ukrainian figure skaters|Category]] ||
|-
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} || Yes || [[British Ice Skating]] || http://www.iceskating.org.uk || [[:Category:British figure skaters|Category]] || {{flag|Northern Ireland}} – The Northern Ireland Ice Skating Federation <br /> {{flag|Scotland}} – Skate Scotland <br /> {{flag|Wales}} – Welsh Ice Skating Association
|}

== Oceania (2) ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country !! ISU member !! width=250px | Governing body !! Official site !! Skaters !! Additional
|-
| {{flag|Australia}} || Yes || [[Ice Skating Australia]] || http://www.isa.org.au/ || [[:Category:Australian figure skaters|Category]] || State associations: <br /> {{flag|Australian Capital Territory}} <br /> {{flag|New South Wales}} <br /> {{flag|Queensland}} <br /> {{flag|South Australia}} <br /> {{flag|Victoria}} <br /> {{flag|Western Australia}} <br /> {{flag|Tasmania}}
|-
| {{flag|New Zealand}} || Yes || New Zealand Ice Skating Association || http://www.nzifsa.org.nz/ || [[:Category:New Zealand figure skaters|Category]] || 
|}

== History ==
=== In Armenia ===
[[Armenia]] hosts the [[ISU Junior Grand Prix in Armenia|ISU Junior Grand Prix]], an international figure skating competition, organized by the [[Figure Skating Federation of Armenia]]. Medals may be awarded in the disciplines of [[single skating|men's singles, ladies' singles]], [[pair skating]], and [[ice dancing]].

=== In Australia ===
[[Brisbane]] hosted the World Junior Championships in 1988 and 1996. [[Stephanie Zhang]] (ladies' bronze, 2000) and [[Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya]] / [[Harley Windsor]] (pairs gold in 2016) have won [[ISU Junior Grand Prix]] medals for Australia. Alexandrovskaya/Windsor also won Australia's first gold medal at an ISU Championship, at the [[2017 World Junior Figure Skating Championships]].

Team Evolution from Brisbane were awarded a gold medal in synchronized skating at the 2020 Zagreb Snowflakes Trophy.

=== In Austria ===
In 1897, [[Gustav Hügel]] became the first Austrian to win a World title in figure skating. In 1922, [[Herma Szabo]] won Austria's first World ladies' title. She would go on to win the next four World Championships.

[[Willy Böckl]] won four consecutive World titles (1925–28). In the 1930s, [[Karl Schäfer (figure skater)|Karl Schäfer]] (1930–36) and [[Felix Kaspar]] (1937–38) produced a nine-year streak of World men's titles for Austria. Following [[World War II]], Austrian competitors were initially barred from international events. They returned to the World Championships in [[1948 World Figure Skating Championships|1948]].

In the 1960s, Austria experienced a resurgence led by [[Emmerich Danzer]], a three-time World champion (1966–68), and [[Wolfgang Schwarz]], the 1968 Olympic champion.

[[Vienna]] (1907, 1913, 1923, 1925, 1937, 1955, 1967, 1979) is the only city within the modern borders of Austria to host the World Championships.

===In Azerbaijan===
In 1990, an ice rink opened at Baku's [[Heydar Aliyev Sports and Concert Complex]] but within a few years it was unable to maintain the ice surface due to a poor-quality cooling system. A 2019 report stated that Azerbaijan still had no functioning ice rink.<ref name=JAM190612/> As a result, the country is represented by foreign skaters. [[Ekaterina Ryabova (figure skater)|Ekaterina Ryabova]] and [[Vladimir Litvintsev]] — both skaters born and based in Russia — have finished in the top ten at the European Championships for Azerbaijan.<ref name=ISU-ER/><ref name=ISU-VL/>

=== In Belarus ===
[[Minsk]] hosted the World Junior Championships in 2012.

=== In Belgium ===
[[Antwerp]] hosted the [[Figure skating at the 1920 Summer Olympics|1920 Summer Olympics]], where figure skating made its second Olympic appearance.

In 1947, [[Micheline Lannoy]] / [[Pierre Baugniet]] became the first Belgians to win the World title in pair skating.

=== In Bosnia and Herzegovina ===
[[Sarajevo]] hosted the [[1984 Winter Olympics]] and three World Junior Championships (1983, 1986, 1989).

=== In Bulgaria ===
Ice dancers [[Albena Denkova]] / [[Maxim Staviski]] were the first skaters to win a World title for Bulgaria, winning gold in 2006 and 2007.

[[Sofia]] has hosted the European Championships (1991, 1996) and World Junior Championships (2001, 2008, 2009, 2014).

=== In Canada ===
{{Main|Figure skating in Canada}}

The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Canada were the [[1932 World Figure Skating Championships|1932 World Championships]] in [[Montreal]].

In 1947, [[Barbara Ann Scott]] became the first Canadian woman to win a World figure skating title. She successfully defended her title the following year. [[Frances Dafoe]] / [[Norris Bowden]] won Canada's first World pair skating title, in 1954, and repeated the following year. [[Barbara Wagner]] / [[Robert Paul (figure skater)|Robert Paul]] won four consecutive World pairs' titles for Canada, from 1957 to 1960.

In 1957, [[Geraldine Fenton]] / [[William McLachlan (figure skater)|William McLachlan]] became the first Canadian ice dancers to finish on the World podium, taking the silver medal. In 1962, [[Donald Jackson (figure skater)|Donald Jackson]] became the first Canadian to win the World men's title.

[[Donald McPherson (figure skater)|Donald McPherson]] (1963), [[Petra Burka]] (1965), and [[Karen Magnussen]] (1973) also won World titles for Canada. [[Kurt Browning]] became a four-time World champion (1989–91, 1993).

In 2003, [[Shae-Lynn Bourne]] / [[Victor Kraatz]] won Canada's first World ice dancing title. [[Tessa Virtue]] / [[Scott Moir]] would be the first Canadian ice dancers to win the Olympics, in 2010.

[[Montreal]] (1932), [[Vancouver]] (1960, 2001), [[Calgary]] (1972, 2006), [[Ottawa]] (1978, 1984), [[Halifax, Nova Scotia]] (1990), [[Edmonton]] (1996), and [[London, Ontario]] (2013) have hosted the World Championships. Halifax (1999), [[Hamilton, Ontario]] (2004), and Vancouver (2009) have hosted Four Continents. London, Ontario (1981), [[Kitchener, Ontario]] (1987, 2005), [[Hull, Quebec]] (1992), and [[Saint John, New Brunswick]] (1998) have hosted Junior Worlds. Calgary (1988) and Vancouver (2010) have also organized the Winter Olympics.

=== In China ===
In 1995, [[Chen Lu (figure skater)|Chen Lu]] became the first Chinese woman to win a World title. In 2002, [[Shen Xue]] / [[Zhao Hongbo]] became the first pair from China to become World champions and the first pair to win an Olympic medal. In 2010, they became China's first Olympic champions in any figure skating category.

[[Shanghai]] was the first city in China to host the World Championships, in 2015. [[Beijing]] will organize the [[2022 Winter Olympics]].

Chinese skaters most commonly train in [[Beijing]] or [[Harbin]].

=== In Chinese Taipei ===
The city of [[Taipei]] hosted the Four Continents Championships in 2011, 2014, and 2016. It will host the World Junior Championships in 2017.

=== In Croatia ===
Croatian skaters represented [[Yugoslavia]] until the end of the 1990–91 season. [[Sanda Dubravčić]] was the first Croatian woman to stand on an ISU Championship podium, winning silver at the 1981 European Championships. In 1992, [[Tomislav Čižmešija]] and [[Željka Čižmešija]] became the first skaters to represent Croatia at the [[Figure skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics|Olympics]] and [[1992 World Figure Skating Championships|World Championships]].

[[Zagreb]] hosted the European Championships in 1974, 1979, 2008, and 2013.

=== In the Czech Republic ===
The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in the territory that would become the Czech Republic were the [[1908 World Figure Skating Championships|1908 Worlds]] and [[1928 European Figure Skating Championships|1928 Europeans]]. Both took place in [[Opava]], which was known as Troppau in 1908. Some Czech skaters may have represented [[Austria]] until [[World War I]], following which they could compete for [[Czechoslovakia]].

[[Josef Slíva]] was the first Czech skater to compete at the Olympics, placing fourth in [[Figure skating at the 1924 Winter Olympics – Men's singles|1924 (Chamonix)]]. [[Alena Vrzáňová]] was the first Czech woman to medal at the European Championships (taking bronze in 1948), to become a World champion (1949), and to become European champion (1950). [[Eva Romanová]] / [[Pavel Roman]] were the first Czech ice dancers to stand on a World podium, winning four consecutive gold medals (1962–65). Czech skaters represented Czechoslovakia until the end of the 1992–93 season.

In March 1995, pair skaters [[Radka Kovaříková]] / [[René Novotný]] won gold at the [[1995 World Figure Skating Championships|World Championships]] in [[Birmingham]], England. In January 2008, [[Tomáš Verner]] was awarded gold at the [[2008 European Figure Skating Championships|European Championships]] in [[Zagreb]], Croatia. In February 2009, [[Michal Březina]] won silver in men's singles at the [[2009 World Junior Figure Skating Championships|2009 World Junior Championships]] in [[Sofia]], Bulgaria. He won bronze at the [[2013 European Figure Skating Championships|2013 European Championships]] in Zagreb, Croatia. In March 2016, [[Anna Dušková]] / [[Martin Bidař]] became the Czech Republic's first World Junior champions in figure skating, taking gold in the [[2016 World Junior Figure Skating Championships|pairs event]] in [[Debrecen]], Hungary.

Two Czech skaters have won Grand Prix events – Verner, at the [[2010 Cup of Russia]], and Březina, at the [[2011 Skate America]].

[[Opava]] (1908) and [[Prague]] (1964, 1993) have hosted the World Championships. Opava (1928), Prague (1934, 1937, 1948, 1988, 1999), and [[Ostrava]] (2017) have been selected to host the European Championships.

=== In Denmark ===
[[Copenhagen]] is the only Danish city to host the European Championships (1975, 1986, 1994) or World Championships (1982).

=== In Estonia ===
Estonia began holding [[Estonian Figure Skating Championships|national championships]] in 1917 and was represented at the [[Figure skating at the 1936 Winter Olympics – Pairs|1936 Winter Olympics]]. Following the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]], it was [[Occupation of the Baltic states|occupied and annexed]] by the [[Soviet Union]]. Although it continued to be recognized as a sovereign state by most western governments, Estonian skaters could no longer represent their native country, until the 1990s. During the occupation, many Russians settled in Estonia and some remained after 1991. Some elite Estonian skaters have come from the Russian community.

[[Tallinn]] hosted the 2010 European Championships, 2015 World Junior Championships, and the [[ISU Junior Grand Prix in Estonia]] six times.

=== In Finland ===
The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Finland were the [[1914 World Figure Skating Championships|1914 World Championships]] in [[Helsinki]], [[Grand Duchy of Finland]], [[Russian Empire]].

In 1933, [[Marcus Nikkanen]] became the first Finn to medal in men's singles at the World Championships, winning bronze.

Helsinki is the only Finnish city to host the World Championships (1914, 1983, 1999, 2017). It hosted the European Championships in 1977, 1993, and 2009. 2023 European Championships were held in [[Espoo]].

=== In France ===
[[Chamonix]], France hosted the Figure skating at the [[1924 Winter Olympics]], where figure skating made its third Olympic appearance. In 1926, [[Andreé Joly-Brunet]] / [[Pierre Brunet (figure skater)|Pierre Brunet]] won France's first World title in pair skating. They would win three more World titles as a pair.

The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in France were the [[1932 European Figure Skating Championships|1932 European]] and [[1936 World Figure Skating Championships|1936 World Championships]], both in [[Paris]].

In 1952, [[Jacqueline du Bief]] became the first French skater to win the World ladies' title. In 1960, [[Alain Giletti]] won the first World men's title for France. [[Alain Calmat]] was the next World men's champion from France, in 1965.

In 1991, [[Isabelle Duchesnay]] / [[Paul Duchesnay]] won France's first World title in ice dancing. [[Marina Anissina]] / [[Gwendal Peizerat]] and [[Gabriella Papadakis]] / [[Guillaume Cizeron]] won Olympic gold medals in ice dancing for France, in 2002 and 2022, respectively.

In February 2022, [[France Info (TV channel)|''France Info'']] reported that the country possessed insufficient infrastructure, counting about a hundred ice rinks conforming to regulations and fifty other rinks, shared by twelve ice sports.<ref name=FTVI220216/> The number of licensed ice skaters was approximately 22,000.<ref name=FTVI220216/>

Paris (1932, 1956, 1997), [[Grenoble]] (1964), [[Strasbourg]] (1978), and [[Lyon]] (1982, 2006) have hosted the European Championships. Paris (1936, 1949, 1952, 1958, 1989), [[Lyon]] (1971), [[Nice]] (2000, 2012) have organized the World Championships. [[Megève]] (1976, 1977, 1978, and 1980) has hosted the World Junior Championships. [[Chamonix]] (1924), [[Grenoble]] (1968), and [[Albertville]] (1992) have organized the Olympics.

=== In Germany ===
The first European Championships were held in 1891 in [[Hamburg]]. In 1908, representing the [[German Empire]], [[Anna Hübler]] / [[Heinrich Burger]] became the first-ever World champions in pair skating.

Following [[World War II]], German competitors were barred from international events for several years. [[West Germany]] debuted at Worlds in [[1951 World Figure Skating Championships|1951]] and [[East Germany]] in [[1962 World Figure Skating Championships|1962]]. In 1954, [[Gundi Busch]] (West Germany) became the first German to win a World ladies' title. East German ladies would grow more successful – [[Gabriele Seyfert]], [[Christine Errath]], [[Anett Pötzsch]], and [[Katarina Witt]] won a total of nine World titles.

[[Aliona Savchenko]] / [[Robin Szolkowy]] won five World pairs' titles for Germany.

[[Berlin]] (1904, 1911, 1926, 1928, 1931, 1938), [[Munich]] (1906, 1974, 1991), [[Garmisch-Partenkirchen]] (1956), and [[Dortmund]] (1964, 1980, 2004) have hosted the World Championships.

=== In Hungary ===
The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Hungary were the [[1895 European Figure Skating Championships|1895 European Championships]] in [[Budapest]].

In 1908, [[Lily Kronberger]] became Hungary's first World figure skating champion. Hungarian skaters would win seven consecutive World ladies' titles – Kronberger in 1908–11, [[Opika von Méray Horváth]] in 1912–1914.

In the first half of the 20th century, Hungary had several World bronze medalist in men's singles – [[Andor Szende]] (1910, 1912–13), [[Dénes Pataky]] (1935), and [[Elemér Terták]] (1937). [[Ede Király]] won bronze in 1948 and then two consecutive silver medals.

In 1931, [[Emília Rotter]] / [[László Szollás]] won Hungary's first pair skating World title. [[Krisztina Regőczy]] / [[András Sallay]] were the first Hungarians to become World champions in ice dancing, winning the [[1980 World Figure Skating Championships|1980 World Championships]] in [[Dortmund]].

In February 2004, [[Júlia Sebestyén]] became the first Hungarian to win a European title in ladies' figure skating.

[[Budapest]] (1935, 1939, 1988) is the only city in Hungary to host the World Championships.

=== In India ===
As of 2011, India had four major indoor ice rinks, with plans for ten more to be built, mostly in malls, over the following five years.<ref name=IT111208/> [[Gujarat]]'s first indoor rink opened in 2015.<ref name=TNN150530/> The secretary of the Ice Skating Association of India stated that lack of government assistance and a scarcity of international standard rinks continued to hinder the development of its athletes.<ref name=TNN150530/>

=== In Israel ===
In January 2016, [[Oleksii Bychenko]] won silver at the [[2016 European Figure Skating Championships|European Championships]] in [[Bratislava]]; it was Israel's first European figure skating medal. In March 2016, [[Daniel Samohin]] was awarded gold at the [[2016 World Junior Figure Skating Championships|World Junior Championships]] in [[Debrecen]], becoming the first Israeli skater to stand on a World Junior podium and the first to win gold at an [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championship]].

The number of young skaters training regularly in Israel expanded from twenty to over 350 after the 2013 opening of a rink in [[Holon]] but growth remained limited due to a "lack of funding and insufficient facilities".<ref name=JP160323/>

=== In Italy ===
The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Italy were the [[1949 European Figure Skating Championships|1949 European]] and [[1951 World Figure Skating Championships|1951 World Championships]], both in [[Milan]]. In 1953, [[Carlo Fassi]] won Italy's first World medal (bronze) in men's singles. [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] hosted the [[Figure skating at the 1956 Winter Olympics|1956 Winter Olympics]], where figure skating made its ninth Olympic appearance.

[[Rita Trapanese]] was the first Italian woman to stand on the European podium, winning bronze in 1971 and silver in 1972.

In March 2001, ice dancers [[Barbara Fusar-Poli]] / [[Maurizio Margaglio]] became the first Italians to win a World title in any figure skating discipline. In March 2012, [[Carolina Kostner]] became Italy's first World champion in ladies' singles. In March 2014, [[Anna Cappellini]] / [[Luca Lanotte]] won Italy's third World figure skating title.

[[Milan]] (1949, 1998), [[Bolzano]] (1954), and [[Turin]] (2005) have hosted the European Championships. Milan (1951), [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] (1963), and Turin (2010) have hosted the World Championships. Cortina d'Ampezzo (1956) and Turin (2006) have organized the Olympics.

=== In Japan ===
{{Main|Figure skating in Japan}}

By 1932, Japan began sending skaters to the [[1932 World Figure Skating Championships|World Championships]] and [[Figure skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics – Men's singles|Olympics]]. Following [[World War II]], Japanese competitors were barred from international events for several years and returned to the World Championships in [[1951 World Figure Skating Championships|1951]]. [[Sapporo]] was the first Japanese city to host the Winter Olympics, in [[Figure skating at the 1972 Winter Olympics|1972]], while [[Tokyo]] was the first Japanese city to host the World Championships, in [[1977 World Figure Skating Championships|1977]].

At the [[Figure skating at the 1988 Winter Olympics|1988 Winter Olympics]] in [[Calgary]], [[Midori Ito]] became the first woman to land seven triple jumps in one segment. In March 1989, she won Japan's first World title in figure skating. In February 1992, she became the first Japanese skater to stand on an Olympic podium, winning silver at the [[Figure skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics|Winter Olympics]] in [[Albertville]], France. She is the first woman to land a triple-triple jump combination and a triple Axel in competition.

In February 2006, [[Shizuka Arakawa]] became the first Japanese skater to be awarded an Olympic gold medal.

[[Narumi Takahashi]] / [[Mervin Tran]] won Japan's first World medal in pair skating, taking bronze at the [[2012 World Figure Skating Championships|2012 World Championships]] in [[Nice]], France.

In February 2014, [[Yuzuru Hanyu]] won Japan's first Olympic title in men's figure skating. [[Mao Asada]] is her country's most successful ladies' figure skater at the World Championships, winning three titles.

[[Tokyo]] (1977, 1985, 2007), [[Chiba, Chiba]] (1994), [[Nagano (city)|Nagano]] (2002), [[Saitama, Saitama]] (2014) have hosted the World Championships, while [[Osaka]] (2000, 2013) has hosted Four Continents. Sapporo also hosted the 1984 World Junior Championships. Sapporo (1972) and Nagano (1998) have organized the Winter Olympics.

=== In Kazakhstan ===
In March 2013, [[Denis Ten]] was awarded the silver medal at the World Championships; it was Kazakhstan's first World medal in figure skating. In February 2014, he became his country's first Olympic medalist in figure skating, winning bronze in [[Sochi]]. In February 2015, he became the first skater from Kazakhstan to stand on the podium at a Four Continents Championships, receiving the gold medal.

[[Elizabet Tursynbayeva]] is Kazakhstan's first female skater to step on an ISU Championship podium. She won silver at both the [[2019 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships|2019 Four Continents]] and [[2019 World Figure Skating Championships|2019 World Championships]].

=== In Latvia ===
Latvia had representatives in all three disciplines at the [[Figure skating at the 1936 Winter Olympics – Pairs|1936 Winter Olympics]]. Following the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]], it was [[Occupation of the Baltic states|occupied and annexed]] by the [[Soviet Union]]. Although it continued to be recognized as a sovereign state by most western governments, Latvian skaters could no longer represent their native country, until the 1990s. During the occupation, many Russians settled in Latvia and some remained after 1991. Some elite Latvian skaters have come from the Russian community.

[[Konstantin Kostin]] (in 1993) and [[Angelīna Kučvaļska]] (in 2016) have finished as high as fourth at the European Championships.

=== In Lithuania ===
Following the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]], Lithuania was [[Occupation of the Baltic states|occupied and annexed]] by the [[Soviet Union]]. Although it continued to be recognized as a sovereign state by most western governments, Lithuanian skaters could not represent their native country prior to the 1990s. Compared to the other [[Baltic states]], fewer elite Lithuanian skaters have come from the Russian community due to the smaller scale of Russian immigration during the occupation. [[Margarita Drobiazko]] / [[Povilas Vanagas]] are the most successful Lithuanian skaters, having won bronze medals at the World Championships, European Championships, and Grand Prix Final.

=== In Malaysia ===
In March 2018, [[Julian Yee]] became the first Malaysian figure skater to compete at an Olympic Games.

Malaysia's Sports Commissioner de-registered the Ice Skating Association of Malaysia (ISAM) after ISAM failed to produce financial reports for multiple years.<ref name=Star190108/> The Malaysia Ice Skating Federation (MISF) was formed in December 2018 to replace ISAM.<ref name=Star190418/>

=== In the Netherlands ===
The Dutch added edges to ice skates in the 13th or 14th century. Skating was used as a means of transportation because the waterways which connected Dutch towns sometimes froze for months on end, hampering the economy.

In 1962, [[Sjoukje Dijkstra]] became the first World ladies' champion from the Netherlands. She would win three consecutive World titles.

=== In Norway ===
The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Norway were the [[1898 European Figure Skating Championships|1898 European Championships]] in [[Trondheim]].

[[Sonja Henie]] was the first Norwegian woman to become a World figure skating champion and the most successful ladies' singles skater in history. She won three consecutive Olympics (1928, 1932, 1936), ten consecutive World Championships (1927–36), and six consecutive European Championships (1931–36).

[[Oslo]] (1952) and [[Lillehammer]] (1994) have organized the Winter Olympics. Oslo has hosted the World Championships (1954). Trondheim (1898) and Oslo (1913, 1923, 1950) have hosted the European Championships.

=== In Poland ===
Due to the [[Partitions of Poland]], Polish skaters initially lacked the option of representing their native country. Some may have competed for [[Austria]], [[Germany]] or the [[Russian Empire]] until Poland regained its independence following [[World War I]].

The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Poland were the [[1908 European Figure Skating Championships|1908 European Championships]] in [[Warsaw]], then under the Russian Empire. [[Zofia Bilorówna]] / [[Tadeusz Kowalski]] were Poland's first European medalists, winning bronze at the [[1934 European Figure Skating Championships|1934 European Championships]].

[[Grzegorz Filipowski]] won two European medals – bronze in 1985 and silver in 1989 – and bronze at the 1989 World Championships.

No Polish city has ever hosted the World Championships. [[Warsaw]] hosted the European Championships in 1908 and 2007.

=== In Russia ===
{{Main|Figure skating in Russia}}

In 1896, the Russian Empire hosted the first World Figure Skating Championships, in [[Saint Petersburg]]. In October 1908, [[Nikolai Panin]] became Russia's first Olympic champion, winning gold in [[special figures]] at the [[Figure skating at the 1908 Summer Olympics|Summer Olympics]] in London.

Following the [[Russian Civil War]], Russian skaters represented the [[Soviet Union]]. Until the late 1950s, they were rarely sent to international competitions. [[Ludmila Belousova]] / [[Oleg Protopopov]] began the forty-year Soviet/Russian gold medal streak in pair skating, the longest in Olympic sports history, from 1964 to 2006. [[Irina Rodnina]] won ten consecutive World titles (1969–78) and three successive Olympic gold medals (1972, 1976, 1980). She and [[Artur Dmitriev]] are the only pair skaters to win the Olympics with two partners.

In 1969, [[Lyudmila Pakhomova]] / [[Aleksandr Gorshkov (figure skater)|Aleksandr Gorshkov]] became the first Russian ice dancers to stand on a World podium, winning the silver medal. From 1970 to 1979, Moscow natives were awarded ten consecutive World ice dancing titles, beginning with Pakhomova/Gorshkov, who won five.

Russian skaters competed for the [[Soviet Union]] through the first half of the 1991–92 season. In the second half, they represented the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] (at the [[1992 European Figure Skating Championships|1992 Europeans]] and [[1992 World Figure Skating Championships|1992 Worlds]]), and the [[Unified Team at the 1992 Winter Olympics|Unified Team]] (at the [[Figure skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics|1992 Winter Olympics]]). By the start of the 1992–93 season, they were competing under the Russian flag.

Russian skaters won four consecutive Olympics in men's singles – [[Alexei Urmanov]] in 1994, [[Ilia Kulik]] in 1998, [[Alexei Yagudin]] in 2002, and [[Evgeni Plushenko]] in 2006. Yagudin also won four World titles (1998–2000, 2002) and three European titles, while Plushenko won three World titles (2001, 2003–04) and seven European titles. Ice dancers [[Oksana Grishuk]] / [[Evgeni Platov]] won two consecutive Olympic titles for Russia.

In March 1999, [[Maria Butyrskaya]] became the first Russian to win the World ladies' title.

The most common training locations for elite skaters are [[Moscow]] and [[Saint Petersburg]]. [[Perm, Russia|Perm]], [[Yekaterinburg]], and [[Kirov, Kirov Oblast]] have produced successful skaters. In the 21st century, [[Sochi]] grew in popularity as a training location. Saint Petersburg (1896, 1903) and Moscow (2005, 2011) have hosted the World Championships.

In March 2016, Russia had over 400 rinks with artificial ice.<ref name=TASS160303/>

=== In Slovakia ===
Some Slovak skaters may have represented [[Austria]] until [[World War I]], following which they could compete for [[Czechoslovakia]]. The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Slovakia were the [[1958 European Figure Skating Championships|1958 European Championships]] in [[Bratislava]], Czechoslovakia.

[[Karol Divín]], who trained in Bratislava, won the 1960 Olympic silver medal, two European titles (1958–59), and two World medals (silver in 1962, bronze in 1964). [[Ondrej Nepela]] was the first Slovak to become the World men's champion (1971–73) and the first to win the Olympics (1972). [[Jozef Sabovčík]] won the 1984 Olympic bronze medal and two European titles (1985 and 1986). Slovak skaters represented Czechoslovakia until the end of the 1992–93 season.

Bratislava (1973) is the only Slovak city to host the World Championships. It hosted the European Championships in 1958, 1966, 2001, and 2016.

=== In Slovenia ===
[[Ljubljana]] is the only Slovenian city to host the European Championships (1967) or World Championships (1970).

=== In South Korea ===
In February 2010, [[Yuna Kim]] became the first Olympic figure skating champion from South Korea.

[[Jeonju]] (2002, 2010), [[Gangneung]] (2005, 2017), [[Goyang]] (2008), and [[Seoul]] (2015, 2020) have been selected to host the Four Continents Championships. Seoul (1993, 1997) and Gangneung (2011) have also hosted the World Junior Championships. [[Pyeongchang]] will host the [[2018 Winter Olympics]].

=== In Spain ===
In January 2013, [[Javier Fernández (figure skater)|Javier Fernández]] became the first Spanish skater to win the European title. At the time, Spain had just 14 indoor rinks and 600 registered figure skaters.<ref name=IN160329/> In March 2015, Fernández won Spain's first World title in figure skating. When he repeated in 2016, Spain had 17 ice rinks, compared to a hundred in Toronto, and 300 licensed skaters, compared to about 15,000 in France.<ref name=LV160404/><ref name=Marca160407/>

No [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] have been held in Spain but the country has twice hosted the combined [[ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final|Grand Prix Final]] and [[ISU Junior Grand Prix Final|Junior Grand Prix Final]], in 2014 and 2015.

=== In Sweden ===
The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Sweden were the [[1897 World Figure Skating Championships|1897 World Championships]] in [[Stockholm]]. [[Ulrich Salchow]] won ten World figure skating titles for Sweden (1901–05 and 1907–11).

Stockholm (1897, 1901, 1905, 1909, 1922, 1934, 1947) and [[Gothenburg]] (1976, 2008) have hosted the World Championships. Stockholm (1912, 2015), [[Västerås]] (1968), Gothenburg (1972, 1980, 1985), [[Malmö]] (2003) have hosted the European Championships.

=== In Switzerland ===
The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in Switzerland were the [[1899 European Figure Skating Championships|1899 Europeans]] and [[1899 World Figure Skating Championships|1899 Worlds]], both in [[Davos]]. [[Saint Moritz]] hosted the [[Figure skating at the 1928 Winter Olympics|1928]] and [[Figure skating at the 1948 Winter Olympics|1948 Winter Olympics]], where figure skating made its fourth and seventh Olympic appearances, respectively.

In 1947, [[Hans Gerschwiler]] won Switzerland's first World men's title. [[Stéphane Lambiel]] became a two-time World champion (2005–06).

[[Davos]] (1899, 1900, 1910, 1927, 1948, 1953, 1966), [[Zürich]] (1933), [[Geneva]] (1968, 1986), and [[Lausanne]] (1997) have hosted the World Championships. [[St. Moritz]] hosted the Olympics in 1928 and 1948.

=== In Ukraine ===
Ukrainian skaters competed for the [[Soviet Union]] for much of the 20th century. This ended after the December 1991 [[1991 Ukrainian independence referendum|referendum]], in which every oblast approved Ukraine's declaration of independence. In the second half of the 1991–92 season, Ukrainian skaters represented the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] (at the [[1992 European Figure Skating Championships|1992 Europeans]] and [[1992 World Figure Skating Championships|1992 Worlds]]), and the [[Unified Team at the 1992 Winter Olympics|Unified Team]] (at the [[Figure skating at the 1992 Winter Olympics|1992 Winter Olympics]]). By the start of the 1992–93 season, they were competing under the Ukrainian flag.

[[Viktor Petrenko]] won the 1992 Olympic title representing the Unified Team. [[Oksana Baiul]] won the 1993 World Championships and 1994 Olympics competing for Ukraine. [[Dmytro Dmytrenko]] won gold at the 1993 European Championships and [[Viacheslav Zagorodniuk]] took bronze at the 1994 World Championships.

Ukraine has never hosted a major international figure skating competition. It has organized four [[ISU Junior Grand Prix in Ukraine|ISU Junior Grand Prix]] events, from 1997 to 2004. It was scheduled to host its first [[ISU Challenger Series]] event in November 2016 but the competition was cancelled.<ref name=ISUCalendar160920/> In 2010, [[Tatiana Volosozhar]] and [[Stanislav Morozov]] stated that conditions for skaters in Ukraine were poor, with only one good rink remaining.<ref name=AS2010/> Most of Ukraine's figure skaters have come from [[Kyiv]], [[Dnipro]], [[Kharkiv]], and [[Odesa]]. Western oblasts have developed few competitors due to limited ice rinks. In 2016, [[Uzhhorod]] began construction of an Olympic-sized ice rink.<ref name=UFSF160316/>

=== In the United Kingdom ===
The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in the United Kingdom were the [[1898 World Figure Skating Championships|1898 World Championships]] in [[London]]. London was also the location of figure skating's Olympic debut, which occurred at the [[Figure skating at the 1908 Summer Olympics|Summer Olympics]] in October 1908.

In February 1899, [[Edgar Syers]] became the first British skater to win a World medal, taking the bronze medal. In 1902, [[Madge Syers]] won the World silver medal competing against men. In 1906, following the creation of a separate category for women, she became the first-ever World ladies' champion. In 1909, [[Phyllis Johnson]] / [[James H. Johnson (figure skater)|James H. Johnson]] became the first British pair to win the World title.

[[Jean Westwood (figure skater)|Jean Westwood]] / [[Lawrence Demmy]] won the first-ever World ice dancing title, in 1952, and went on to become four-time World champions. British ice dancers won nine consecutive World titles from 1952 to 1960. [[Jayne Torvill]] / [[Christopher Dean]] won the [[Figure skating at the 1984 Winter Olympics|1984 Winter Olympics]].

[[London]] (1898, 1902, 1929, 1950), [[Manchester]] (1912, 1924), and [[Birmingham]] (1995) have hosted the World Championships.

In August 2000, Sport England decided that the [[National Ice Skating Association]] would no longer receive £400,000 annually from lottery funds, citing poor performance.<ref name=TG000821/>

=== In the United States ===
{{Main|Figure skating in the United States}}

In 1924, [[Beatrix Loughran]] became the first U.S. skater to stand on the World ladies' podium, winning the bronze medal. She also won silver at the 1924 Winter Olympics. The first [[ISU Figure Skating Championships|ISU Championships]] held in the United States were the [[1930 World Figure Skating Championships|1930 World Championships]] in [[New York City]]. [[Lake Placid, New York]] hosted the [[Figure skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics|1932 Winter Olympics]], where figure skating made its fifth Olympic appearance.

Figure skating grew in the U.S. following [[World War II]]. In 1948, [[Dick Button]] became the first American men's skater to win the Olympics, and the first to become World champion. In 1950, [[Karol Kennedy]] / [[Peter Kennedy (figure skater)|Peter Kennedy]] won the United States' first World pair skating title. In 1953, [[Tenley Albright]] became the first American woman to win the World title.

From 1948 through 1959, the United States won twelve consecutive World men's titles – Button won five (1948–52), [[Hayes Alan Jenkins]] won four (1953–56), and [[David Jenkins (figure skater)|David Jenkins]] won three (1957–59). From 1953 to 1960, American women won seven World titles – Albright (1953, 1955) and [[Carol Heiss]] (1956–60).

In 1952, [[Carol Ann Peters]] / [[Daniel Ryan (figure skater)|Daniel Ryan]] won bronze at the first-ever World ice dancing competition. In 1961, 18 American skaters heading to the World Championships were killed in the [[Sabena Flight 548]] crash.

In 1966, [[Peggy Flemming]] won the first of three consecutive World titles. In 1979, [[Tai Babilonia]] / [[Randy Gardner (figure skater)|Randy Gardner]] became the second American pair to become World champions.

Between 1996 and 2003, [[Michelle Kwan]] won five World titles. In February 2014, [[Meryl Davis]] / [[Charlie White (figure skater)|Charlie White]] became the first American ice dancers to become Olympic champions.

[[New York City]] (1930), [[Colorado Springs, Colorado]] (1957, 1959, 1965, 1969, 1975), [[Hartford, Connecticut]] (1981), [[Cincinnati]] (1987), [[Oakland, California]] (1992), [[Minneapolis]] (1998), [[Washington, D.C.]] (2003), [[Los Angeles]] (2009), and [[Boston]] (2016) have hosted the World Championships. [[Lake Placid, New York]] (1932, 1980), [[Squaw Valley, Placer County, California|Squaw Valley, California]] (1960), and [[Salt Lake City, Utah]] (2002) have organized the Olympics. Salt Lake City (2001), Colorado Springs (2006, 2007, 2012) have hosted Four Continents. Colorado Springs (1985, 1990, 1994) has hosted the World Junior Championships.

==See also==
*[[List of member federations of the International Skating Union]]

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name=TG000821>{{cite news |url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1367046/Cash-crisis-leaves-skaters-on-thin-ice.html |title= Cash crisis leaves skaters on thin ice |first= Peter |last= Foster |work= [[The Daily Telegraph]] |date= 21 August 2000 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170421235006/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1367046/Cash-crisis-leaves-skaters-on-thin-ice.html |archive-date= 21 April 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref>

<ref name=AS2010>{{cite news |url= http://www.absoluteskating.com/index.php?cat=interviews&id=2010volosozharmorozov |title= Volosozhar/Morozov on and off the ice |first= Reut |last= Golinsky |work= AbsoluteSkating.com |year= 2010 |access-date= 5 December 2010 }}</ref>

<ref name=IT111208>{{cite news |url= http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/et-cetera/ice-rink-comes-up-in-gurgaon-10-more-across-country-in-5-years/articleshow/11027990.cms |title= Ice rink comes up in Gurgaon ; 10 more across country in 5 Years |work= [[The Economic Times]] |date= 8 December 2011 }}</ref>

<ref name=TASS160303>{{cite news |url= http://tass.ru/sport/2715554 |title= Центр фигурного катания будет создан в Нижнем Новгороде |language= ru |trans-title=Figure skating centre |first= Mikhail |last= Selivanov |work= [[Russian News Agency TASS|TASS]] |date= 3 March 2016 }}</ref>

<ref name=UFSF160316>{{cite news |url= http://ufsf.org/novosti/ukraine/zakarpate-nachinaet-razvivat-figurnoe-katanie/ |title= Закарпатье начинает развивать фигурное катание! |language= ru |trans-title=Transcarpathia begins to develop figure skating! |work= Ukrainian Figure Skating Federation |date= 16 March 2016 }}</ref>

<ref name=JP160323>{{cite news |url= http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Sports/Sinai-Says-Ice-skating-slipping-through-cracks-in-Israel-448902 |title= Ice skating slipping through cracks in Israel |first= Allon |last= Sinai |work= Jerusalem Post |date= March 23, 2016 }}</ref>

<ref name=IN160329>{{cite news |url= http://web.icenetwork.com/news/2016/03/29/169480632 |title= Fernández' path to success unlikely as they come |first= Philip |last= Hersh |work= [[IceNetwork.com]] |date= 29 March 2016 |access-date= 30 March 2016 |archive-date= 29 March 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180329172005/http://web.icenetwork.com/news/2016/03/29/169480632 |url-status= dead }}</ref>

<ref name=TNN150530>{{cite news |url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/surat/articleshow/47479386.cms |title= Gujarat's first indoor ice-skating rink opens in Surat |first= Melvyn |last= Thomas |publisher= Times of India |date= 30 May 2015 }}</ref>

<ref name=LV160404>{{cite news |url= http://www.lavanguardia.com/deportes/otros-deportes/20160404/40857399118/javier-fernandez-patinaje-hielo-espanol.html |title=Cómo es posible que Javier Fernández gane en patinaje sobre hielo siendo español |language= es |trans-title=How is it possible for Javier Fernández to win in figure skating being Spanish? |first= Sergio |last= Heredia |work= [[La Vanguardia]] |date= 4 April 2016 }}</ref>

<ref name=Marca160407>{{cite news |url= http://www.marca.com/deportes-invierno/opinion/2016/04/07/570679d946163f0b248b463f.html |title= Javier Fernández, una flor en el desierto |language= es |trans-title=Javier Fernández, a flower in the desert |first= Jesús |last= Sánchez |work= [[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]] |date= 7 April 2016 }}</ref>

<ref name=ISUCalendar160920>{{cite web |url= http://www.isu.org/en/single-and-pair-skating-and-ice-dance/calendar-of-events/2016/11/cs-ukrainian-open |title= Calendar of Events: Ukrainian Open |publisher= [[International Skating Union]] |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160921033202/http://www.isu.org/en/single-and-pair-skating-and-ice-dance/calendar-of-events/2016/11/cs-ukrainian-open |archive-date= 2016-09-21 |url-status= dead |access-date= 2016-09-21 }}</ref>

<ref name=Star190108>{{cite news |url= https://www.thestar.com.my/sport/other-sport/2019/01/08/isams-status-as-governing-body-of-ice-skating-under-probe/ |title= ISAM's status as governing body of ice skating under probe |website= thestar.com.my |first= T. |last= Avineshwaran |date= 8 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190422182743/https://www.thestar.com.my/sport/other-sport/2019/01/08/isams-status-as-governing-body-of-ice-skating-under-probe/ |archive-date= 22 April 2019 |url-status= live }}</ref>

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<ref name=JAM190612>{{cite news |url= https://jam-news.net/skating-on-thin-ice-a-sport-that-has-ceased-to-exist-in-azerbaijan/ |title= Skating on thin ice – a sport that has ceased to exist in Azerbaijan |first= Nika |last= Musavi |website= jam-news.net |date= 12 June 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201028174313/https://jam-news.net/skating-on-thin-ice-a-sport-that-has-ceased-to-exist-in-azerbaijan/ |archive-date= 28 October 2020 |url-status= live }}</ref>

<ref name=ISU-ER>{{cite web |url= http://www.isuresults.com/bios/isufs00106045.htm |title= Ekaterina RYABOVA |publisher= International Skating Union |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220307161251/http://www.isuresults.com/bios/isufs00106045.htm |archive-date= 7 March 2022 }}</ref>

<ref name=ISU-VL>{{cite web |url= http://www.isuresults.com/bios/isufs00106448.htm |title= Vladimir LITVINTSEV |publisher= International Skating Union |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220307183024/http://www.isuresults.com/bios/isufs00106448.htm |archive-date= 7 March 2022 }}</ref>

<ref name=FTVI220216>{{cite news |url= https://www.francetvinfo.fr/les-jeux-olympiques/patinage-artistique/jo-2022-derriere-l-or-de-papadakis-cizeron-le-declin-du-patinage-artistique-francais_4955187.html |title= JO 2022 : derrière la médaille d'or de Gabriella Papadakis et Guillaume Cizeron, le déclin du patinage artistique français |language= French |trans-title= 2022 Olympics: Behind the gold medal of Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron, the decline of French figure skating |first= Quentin |last= Ramelet |website= francetvinfo.fr |date= 16 February 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220310191831/https://www.francetvinfo.fr/les-jeux-olympiques/patinage-artistique/jo-2022-derriere-l-or-de-papadakis-cizeron-le-declin-du-patinage-artistique-francais_4955187.html |archive-date= 10 March 2022 |url-status= live }}</ref>

}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140127193005/http://www.isu.org/en/about-isu/member-federations ISU member federations]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131227062651/http://www.isu.org/en/single-and-pair-skating-and-ice-dance International Skating Union]

{{Figure skating}}
[[Category:Figure skating]]