View source for Inseminoid

{{short description|1981 film by Norman J. Warren}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2010}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Good article}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = Inseminoid
| image          = InseminoidPoster.jpg
| caption        = US theatrical release poster
| alt            = In the foreground, a woman in labour screams as the head of an alien child emerges from between her legs. In the background, two men in spacesuits shine flashlights onto the newborn, aghast. Text at the top of the image reads "Somewhere in the Depths of Space ... A Horrific Nightmare is About to Become a Reality". Lower down, the title of the film, "Inseminoid", is rendered in large, bold text. The bottom of the image contains additional text that reads "... A Far from Human Birth!", plus the main production credits.
| director       = [[Norman J. Warren]]
| producer       = [[Richard Gordon (film producer)|Richard Gordon]]<br>David Speechley<br>[[Run Run Shaw]]<ref name="Locks&Smith"/>
| writer         = [[Nick Maley|Nick]] & Gloria Maley
| starring       = Robin Clarke<br>Jennifer Ashley<br>[[Stephanie Beacham]]<br>[[Steven Grives]]<br>Barrie Houghton<br>[[Rosalind Lloyd]]<br>[[Victoria Tennant]]<br>[[Trevor Thomas (actor)|Trevor Thomas]]<br>[[Heather Wright]]<br>David Baxt<br>[[Judy Geeson]]
| music          = [[John Scott (composer)|John Scott]]
| cinematography = John Metcalfe
| editing        = [[Peter Boyle (film editor)|Peter Boyle]]
| studio         = Jupiter Film Productions<ref name="mfb" />
| distributor    = [[Butcher's Film Service]]
| released       = {{Film date|df=y|1981|5||UK|ref1=<ref name="Locks&Smith">{{Cite book|title=Norman J. Warren: Gentleman of Terror|first1=Adam|last1=Locks|first2=Adrian|last2=Smith|publisher=Creepy*Images|isbn=978-3-00-070720-9|year=2021|pages=105{{ndash}}106;{{nbsp}}117;{{nbsp}}120{{ndash}}123}}</ref>}}
| runtime        = 93 minutes
| country        = United Kingdom<ref name="mfb">{{cite magazine |magazine = [[Monthly Film Bulletin]] |title = Inseminoid |page = 93 |last = Pulleine |first = Tim |publisher = [[British Film Institute]] |volume = 48 |issue = 568 |location = London, UK }}</ref>
| language       = English
| budget         = £1&nbsp;million
| gross          = 
}}
'''''Inseminoid''''' (titled '''''Horror Planet''''' in the United States) is a 1981 British science fiction horror film directed by [[Norman J. Warren]] and starring [[Judy Geeson]], Robin Clarke and [[Stephanie Beacham]], along with [[Victoria Tennant]] in one of her early film roles. The plot concerns a team of archaeologists and scientists who are excavating the ruins of an ancient civilisation on a distant planet. One of the women in the team (Geeson) is impregnated by an alien creature and taken over by a mysterious intelligence, driving her to murder her colleagues one by one and [[Human cannibalism|feed on them]].

''Inseminoid'' was written by [[Nick Maley|Nick]] and Gloria Maley, a married couple who had been part of the special effects team on Warren's earlier film ''[[Satan's Slave (1976 film)|Satan's Slave]]''. It was filmed between May and June 1980 on a budget of £1&nbsp;million (£{{Inflation|UK|1|1980}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}), half of which was supplied by the [[Shaw Brothers]]. The film was shot mostly on location at [[Chislehurst Caves]] in Kent as well as on the island of [[Gozo]] in Malta, combined with a week's filming at [[Fountain Studios|Lee International Studios]] in London. Composer [[John Scott (composer)|John Scott]] completed the film's [[Electronic music|electronic]] musical score over recording sessions that lasted many hours.

Despite a good box office response in the UK and abroad, ''Inseminoid'' failed to impress most commentators, who criticised the effects and production design. The overall quality of the acting was also poorly received, although Geeson's performance was praised. Criticism was also directed at the premise involving an alien insemination, which some commentators saw as a weak imitation of ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' (1979). Both Warren and [[20th Century Fox]], distributor of ''Alien'', rejected claims that ''Inseminoid'' was influenced by that film.

==Plot==
On a frozen planet in the future, a team of 12 Xeno Project archaeologists and scientists are excavating the ruins of an [[Alien civilization|alien civilisation]]. They discover a cave system containing [[Rock art|wall markings]] and crystals of unknown origin. During one of the surveys, a mysterious explosion cripples photographer Dean White and injures Ricky Williams. Deciphering the wall markings, [[Alien language|exolinguist]] Mitch theorises that the civilisation was built on a concept of [[Dualistic cosmology|dualism]]: the planet orbits a [[binary star]] and seems to have been ruled by twins. Discovering that the crystals are surrounded by an energy field, Sharon, the medical assistant, suggests that the civilisation was controlled by a form of [[Hypothetical types of biochemistry|chemical intelligence]].

Inside the team's base, one of the crystal samples begins to pulsate, causing the intelligence to take control of Ricky through a wound on his arm. In a delusional state, he is compelled to go back to the caves. After exiting the base, leaving the [[airlock]]'s outer door open, he throws Gail into a pile of twisted metal, damaging her [[environmental suit]] and trapping her foot. Desperate to free herself, Gail removes her helmet and tries to amputate her foot with a chainsaw, but freezes to death in the planet's toxic atmosphere. Documentation officer Kate Carson shoots the returning Ricky with a [[harpoon]] gun before he opens the inner airlock door and evacuates all of the base's air.

Ricky and Gail are buried outside the base. Later, Mitch and Sandy return to the caves to collect more crystals. A monstrous alien creature appears and dismembers Mitch, then rapes Sandy with a transparent tubular [[phallus]] pumping green liquid. Sandy is taken back to the base and treated by the team's doctor, Karl, who discovers that the attack has triggered an accelerated pregnancy. When further underground explosions block off the caves, the survivors are left with nothing to do but wait for Xeno to pick them up.

The intelligence takes over Sandy, giving her superhuman strength. She stabs Barbra to death with a pair of scissors and mutilates Dean and the remains of Mitch, [[Blood as food|drinking their blood]]. The rest of the team take refuge in the control room as Sandy uses explosives to blow up the base transmitter. After Sandy appears to return to her normal self, Karl, Sharon and Commander Holly McKay try to sedate her. However, Sandy reverts to her violent state, killing Karl and Holly and disembowelling their corpses.

Mark radios Sandy to distract her while Kate and Gary leave the control room to arm themselves with chainsaws. Sandy uncovers the ruse and harpoons Gary outside the airlock, breathing the atmosphere to no ill effect as she kills him and feeds on his flesh. She then re-enters the base and gives birth to hybrid twins. Mark stumbles across the newborns and leaves them with Sharon as Sandy blows open the control room and smashes the equipment inside. She then uses another explosive charge to wound Kate, and kills her. Finally, Mark overpowers Sandy and strangles her to death with a cable. He returns to Sharon to find one of the twins drinking from her torn-out throat, then comes face to face with its sibling.

Twenty-eight days later, a Xeno shuttle lands on the planet to investigate the loss of contact with the team. With the base in ruins and all the occupants dead or missing, commandos Corin and Roy abandon the search for survivors and shuttle pilot Jeff radios Xeno for clearance to return. The final shots reveal that the twins have stowed away inside a storage compartment on board the shuttle.

==Cast==
{{Cast list|
* [[Judy Geeson]] as Sandy
* Robin Clarke as Mark
* Jennifer Ashley as Holly McKay
* [[Stephanie Beacham]] as Kate Carson
* Steven Grives as Gary
* Barrie Houghton as Karl
* [[Rosalind Lloyd]] as Gail
* [[Victoria Tennant]] as Barbra
* [[Trevor Thomas (actor)|Trevor Thomas]] as Mitch
* [[Heather Wright]] as Sharon
* David Baxt as Ricky Williams
* [[Dominic Jephcott]] as Dean White
* John Segal as Jeff
* Kevin O'Shea as Corin
* [[Robert Pugh]] as Roy
}}

==Production==
After making ''[[Satan's Slave (1976 film)|Satan's Slave]]'' (1976), ''[[Prey (1977 film)|Prey]]'' (1977) and ''[[Terror (1978 film)|Terror]]'' (1978), [[Norman J. Warren]] was to have directed a film called ''Gargoyles''.<ref name="WideScreenMovies">{{Cite web |url = http://widescreenmovies.org/WSM03/InseminoidPart1.htm |title = The Making of ''Inseminoid'': Interview with Norman J. Warren |first = Tony |last = Meadows |date = 21 November 2009 |publisher = widescreenmovies.org |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070802000011/http://widescreenmovies.org/WSM03/InseminoidPart1.htm |archive-date = 2 August 2007 |access-date = 15 August 2010 |url-status = live }}</ref> After this production collapsed without a finished script, Warren and producer [[Richard Gordon (film producer)|Richard Gordon]] took on a story idea from the husband-and-wife duo of [[Nick Maley|Nick]] and Gloria Maley, who had supplied the [[special effect]]s on ''Satan's Slave''.<ref name="Jones"/> The Maleys wrote the film both as an amalgam of their favourite science fiction ideas and to showcase their effects work.<ref name="Jones"/><ref name="Interviews">{{Cite book |last1 = Weaver |first1 = Tom |others = Brunas, John; Brunas, Michael |title = Interviews with B Science Fiction and Horror Movie Makers: Writers, Producers, Directors, Actors, Moguls and Makeup |edition = 2nd |date = 2006 |orig-year = 1988 |publisher = [[McFarland & Company]] |location = Jefferson, North Carolina |isbn = 978-0-7864-2858-8 |pages = 193–94 }}</ref> Their script, which indicated that the film is set two decades in the future in a militaristic universe, was provisionally titled either ''Doom Seed'' or ''Doomseeds''; this was changed to ''Inseminoid'' to avoid confusion with the 1977 film ''[[Demon Seed]]''.<ref name="Locks&Smith"/><ref name="WideScreenMovies"/><ref name="ModestoBee">{{Cite news |title = TV Star Scene: Discovery Just Like a Movie Script |first = Ruth |last = Thompson |newspaper = [[The Modesto Bee]] |publisher = [[The McClatchy Company]] |location = Modesto, California |oclc = 28464207 |date = 4 January 1981 |page = 66 }}</ref>

Gordon cast American actors Robin Clarke and Jennifer Ashley as Mark and Holly while on business in Hollywood.<ref name="Interviews"/> Clarke had recently played a supporting role in ''[[The Formula (1980 film)|The Formula]]''; Ashley had appeared in a number of independent films.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> Beacham, who had two young children at the time, accepted the role of Kate to support her family, recalling in a 2003 interview: "I had to choose between a play that I really, really wanted to do, which would have paid me £65 a week, and this script for a film called ''Inseminoid''. Hey! No choice. Two pink babies asleep upstairs! No choice!"<ref name="Guardian">{{Cite news |title = Living in the Pink |last1 = McLean |first1 = Gareth |author1-link = Gareth McLean |newspaper = [[The Guardian]] |location = London, UK |issn = 0261-3077 |oclc = 60623878 |date = 18 June 2003 |url = https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/jun/18/tvandradio.g2 |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130420205656/http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2003/jun/18/tvandradio.g2 |archive-date = 20 April 2013 |url-status = live }}</ref>

The [[Shaw Brothers]] agreed to supply half of the proposed £1&nbsp;million budget and became partners in the production, with elder brother [[Run Run Shaw]] being credited as the film's presenter in the title sequence.<ref name="Interviews"/> Meanwhile, Nick Maley reprised his effects role by building the puppets of the alien twins.<ref name="Jones"/>

===Filming===
[[File:Gozo - Zebbug - Wied il-Ghasri.JPG|thumb|alt=A canyon between two cliffs.|The rocky interior of [[Gozo]], where the crew filmed for two days, represented the planet's surface.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>]]

[[File:InseminoidTwin.jpg|thumb|alt=A monstrous alien creature with blood dripping from its mouth looks towards the camera. It is clinging to the body of a woman whose throat has been gashed.|[[Nick Maley]]'s effects work included the puppets of the alien twins.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> In this shot, one of them is revealed to have killed Sharon ([[Heather Wright]]).]]

''Inseminoid'' was shot in [[CinemaScope]].<ref name="Locks&Smith"/> Warren remembered that this format produced an "incredibly sharp image and what I would term as the 'American' look."<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> [[Principal photography]] began on 12 May 1980 with a crew of 75. The production spent three weeks filming in [[Chislehurst Caves]] in Kent, which served as the tunnels of the underground complex. This was followed by one week's studio filming at Lee International Studios (the future [[Fountain Studios]]) in [[Wembley Park]], London. A fifth week was devoted to effects and linking shots, completed by the [[second unit]] at [[Film House]] on [[Wardour Street]]. In late June, the crew travelled to the island of [[Gozo]] in Malta for a location shoot lasting two days, during which they filmed the [[long shot]]s set on the planet's surface. The strong Mediterranean sun ensured good lighting.<ref name="Locks&Smith"/><ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>

Warren said that given ''Inseminoid''{{'}}s low budget, filming the underground scenes in actual caves produced a more realistic result than any potential studio option.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> However, the cold, damp and airless conditions inside the caves, compounded by the uneven terrain, caused numerous minor injuries among the cast and crew as well as damage to filming equipment. Shooting often ran for 12 hours at a time and some of those present developed intense feelings of claustrophobia in the confined space. Gordon felt that these uncomfortable working conditions made the actors' performances more credible: "I think all this paid off in terms of what we got on the screen for the budget, but the circumstances were very difficult."<ref name="Interviews"/> Due to the lack of space, the crew were forced to set up their production office, as well as the dressing and make-up rooms, in a car park some distance from the caves. As filming started to fall behind schedule, Warren was forced to cut some of the scenes of Ricky's rampage inside the caves: "Three pages of script, which I had to condense into one shot. Having to make such an enormous compromise was not a happy choice for me, but it was the only way of getting us back on schedule." In the end, the shoot overran by two days.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>

As filming progressed, the working relationship between Warren and Clarke broke down. According to Warren, Clarke often refused to follow instructions, opting instead to give his own interpretation of the script to a point where every scene featuring him became "an uphill struggle" to film. Warren remembered that during preparations for a fight scene, he lost his temper with Clarke: "Robin kept on ranting and raving about his ideas to the point where I couldn't take it any more. So I screamed at him to shut up and keep quiet. I told him I was the director and we would do the scene the way I said. He was shocked, he just stopped dead, and from that point on he hardly said a word."<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>

Warren's rapport with the rest of the cast was positive. He described Geeson as "an absolute dream to work with" and praised her performance, arguing that it avoided being unintentionally comic.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> Gordon was similarly impressed, saying that Geeson fully embraced the role of Sandy and did not complain that it demeaned her as an actress.<ref name="Interviews"/> Warren also had memories of Beacham's "very professional" performance, recalling that "with tongue firmly in cheek, she would often wind me up by asking what her motivation was for a particular action, just as I about to call 'Action!', knowing full well that my answer would be, 'Because it's in the script'."<ref name="CinemaNocturna">{{Cite web |url = http://www.cinema-nocturna.com/normanjwarren_interview.htm |title = Satan's Terror: An Exclusive Interview with Norman J. Warren |first = Steve |last = Genier |date = April 2005 |publisher = cinema-nocturna.com |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080421194751/http://www.cinema-nocturna.com/normanjwarren_interview.htm |archive-date = 21 April 2008 |access-date = 15 August 2010 |url-status = live }}</ref>

===Post-production===
The film was brightened in post-production due to concerns that it would be harder to sell to television broadcasters if it looked too dimly lit.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> Cuts were made to the more graphic shots of Sandy giving birth to avoid the film being refused certification by the [[British Board of Film Censors]] (BBFC).<ref name="HollywoodInvestigator">{{Cite web |url = http://www.hollywoodinvestigator.com/2004/warren.htm |title = British Horror Director Norman J. Warren Returns on DVD |first = Thomas M. |last = Sipos |date = 13 November 2004 |publisher = hollywoodinvestigator.com |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080221173041/http://www.hollywoodinvestigator.com/2004/warren.htm |archive-date = 21 February 2008 |access-date = 16 August 2010 |url-status = live }}</ref> According to Warren, editor [[Peter Boyle (film editor)|Peter Boyle]] "had a natural feel for the material and managed to create just the right pace and rhythm throughout the film."<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> The title sequence was produced by [[Oxford Scientific Films]].<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema">{{Cite book |last1 = Wright |first1 = Peter |editor1-last = Hunter |editor1-first = I. Q |title = British Science Fiction Cinema |edition = 2nd |series = British Popular Cinema |date = 2002 |orig-year = 1999 |publisher = [[Routledge]] |location = London, UK |isbn = 978-0-203-00977-2 |chapter = The British Post-''Alien'' Intrusion Film |pages = 138–42 }}</ref>

===Music===
As the low budget precluded hiring an orchestra, Warren and composer [[John Scott (composer)|John Scott]] agreed that the film should have an [[Electronic music|electronic]] score. The recording involved many hours of [[Multitrack recording|multitracking]] and [[overdubbing]]. Warren described the completed soundtrack as an "amazing achievement", noting that electronic scores were still "quite experimental" at the time.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> The soundtrack was released on [[LP record]] in 1982.<ref name="SoundtrackCollector">{{Cite web |url = http://www.soundtrackcollector.com/catalog/soundtrackdetail.php?movieid=26476 |title = ''Inseminoid'' Soundtrack Listing |publisher = soundtrackcollector.com |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121014142247/http://www.soundtrackcollector.com/catalog/soundtrackdetail.php?movieid=26476 |archive-date = 14 October 2012 |access-date = 16 August 2010 |url-status = live }}</ref>

{{Infobox album
| name     = Inseminoid
| type     = Soundtrack
| artist   = [[John Scott (composer)|John Scott]]
| released = 1982
| genre    = [[Electronic music|Electronic]]
| length   = 34:50
| label    = [[Citadel Records]]<ref name="SoundtrackCollector"/>
}}
{{Track listing
|headline=Track list<ref name="SoundtrackCollector"/>
|title1=Main Title
|length1=2:35
|title2=The Chrysalis
|length2=3:34
|title3=Virus
|length3=2:22
|title4=Death in Space
|length4=4:01
|title5=The Creature Strikes
|length5=3:20
|title6=The Insemination
|length6=2:10
|title7=Sandy's Metamorphosis
|length7=4:02
|title8=Sandy's Warning
|length8=1:21
|title9=Sandy Kills
|length9=2:25
|title10=Birth of the Twins
|length10=2:42
|title11=Death of Sandy
|length11=2:27
|title12=Inseminoid
|length12=3:51
}}

==Release==
===Europe===
After cuts were made, the BBFC granted an [[X rating#United Kingdom|X certificate]] early in 1981. That November, it passed the film uncut.<ref name="Locks&Smith"/> In 1987, the film was re-rated [[18 (British Board of Film Classification)|18]]; in 2005, this was reduced to [[15 (British Board of Film Classification)|15]].<ref name="Locks&Smith"/><ref name="Jones"/><ref name="BBFC">{{Cite web |url = https://bbfc.co.uk/website/Classified.nsf/ClassifiedWorks/f0808b7f2d944c2880256feb005d95f4?OpenDocument |title = BBFC Certifications |publisher = [[British Board of Film Classification]] |location = London, UK |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120320100752/https://bbfc.co.uk/website/Classified.nsf/ClassifiedWorks/f0808b7f2d944c2880256feb005d95f4?OpenDocument |archive-date = 20 March 2012 |access-date = 18 August 2010 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

In West Germany, cinemas began showing the film in January 1981 under the title ''Samen des Bösen'' (English: ''Seeds of Evil'').<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> <!-- In the UK, the film premiered on 22 March in the [[Midlands]], subsequently opening at 65 cinemas in the region. It reached London in October.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> --> The film was commercially successful in Europe, peaking fifth at the UK box office.<ref name="Locks&Smith"/> According to Warren, it reached number seven in France.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/><ref name="HollywoodInvestigator"/>

The film's UK promotion included regional advertising mail comprising a [[Flyer (pamphlet)|flyer]] which showed a screaming Geeson as Sandy, with the [[tagline]] "Warning! An Horrific Alien Birth! A Violent Nightmare in Blood! ''Inseminoid'' at a Cinema Near You Soon!". Warren regretted this move, commenting: "The problem with mail drops is that you have no way of knowing who lives in the house, or who will see it first. It could be a pregnant woman, and old lady, or even worse, a young child. So it was not such a good idea."<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>

''Inseminoid'' was one of the first films to received a [[VHS]] release not long after its initial theatrical run. According to Warren, in November 1981 the film was seventh in the UK video charts.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> Before the passage of the [[Video Recordings Act 1984]], it was one of 82 "[[Video nasty#Section 3: Video Nasties|video nasties]]" in the UK: films whose video tapes could be confiscated and destroyed by police on the grounds of obscenity.<ref name="Locks&Smith"/> It was re-released on VHS in 1992 and 1998.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>

===North America===
The [[Motion Picture Association of America]] gave the film an [[Motion Picture Association film rating system#R-rated|R rating]] for "profanity, nudity, violence, rape and gore".<ref name="BocaRatonNews">{{Cite news |title = ''Inseminoid'' Review |first = Skip |last = Sheffield |newspaper = [[Boca Raton News]] |publisher = South Florida Media Company |location = Boca Raton, Florida |oclc = 232117398 |date = 17 November 1983 |page = 15 }}</ref> To Warren's displeasure, foreign distributor Almi renamed the film ''Horror Planet'' for its North American release. This was later changed back to ''Inseminoid''.<ref name="Interviews"/><ref name="HollywoodInvestigator"/> By 1987, the film had earned US$1.5&nbsp;million in home video rentals in the US and Canada.<ref>{{Cite book |url = https://archive.org/details/americanfilmdist0000dona/page/301/mode/1up |title = American Film Distribution : The Changing Marketplace |last = Donahue |first = Suzanne Mary |year = 1987 |publisher = UMI Research Press |page = 301 |isbn = 978-0-8357-1776-2 }}</ref>

==Reception==
{{Quote box|quote=At just 12 minutes in, there's action in those outer space mine shafts, with the first victim in this sci-fi horror tale kick-starting every cliché and already-stolen ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' plot point in the book [...] What follows is simply a stage for gloriously awful dialogue spouted out of amateur actors, whose deaths are more a result of pure idiocy in their dumb-as-nails characters than any kind of suspenseful horror plotting.|source=–&nbsp;Jeremy Wheeler, [[AllMovie]]<ref name="AllMovie2"/>|salign=right|width=25%}}

''Inseminoid'' won the [[Fantafestival]] award for best special effects and received a Best Film nomination at [[Fantasporto]].<ref name="EvilHeritage">{{Cite AV media|people=Presenter: Paul McCarthy. Director, Producer, Cinematographer, Editor: Darren Perry|date=1999|title=Evil Heritage: Independent Film-Making & the Films of Norman J. Warren|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1278046/|medium=DVD|publisher=Distributor: Starlite Video}}</ref> [[Roger Corman]] congratulated Warren on the film and considered hiring him as a director.<ref name="Jones"/> However, ''Inseminoid'' failed to impress members of the [[British Academy of Film and Television Arts]], who according to Warren, dismissed it as "'commercial rubbish! [...] Not the sort of thing the Academy should be showing [...] And certainly not the kind of film the British film industry should be making.'"<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> He also remembered that it was not well liked by female audiences: "It seems it is quite common for pregnant women to have nightmares about giving birth to some kind of monster. Of course, all their complaints and their letters which were printed in the local papers only helped to increase the queue at the box office."<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>

''[[The Monthly Film Bulletin]]'' called the film a "debased farrago" with an "unmanageably large roll-call of interchangeable characters".<ref name="Locks&Smith"/> ''[[Screen International]]'' argued that the characters were not credible as scientists, commenting that they "speak and behave like a crowd of schoolkids".<ref name="Locks&Smith"/> Writing for ''[[Starburst (magazine)|Starburst]]'' magazine, [[Alan Jones (film critic)|Alan Jones]] expressed a preference for the British members of the cast, calling Geeson "absolutely first-rate" but criticising the "weak performances from the token Americans" Clarke and Ashley. He added that ''Inseminoid'' is "not faultless by any means", citing a predictable and often "ridiculous" plot as one of the film's failings. However, he concluded that it met audience expectations for a science fiction [[B&nbsp;movie]], describing it as "far less routine and far more enjoyable than I had expected."<ref name="Jones"/>

In the US, the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' described ''Inseminoid'' as "one of the most excruciatingly violent and nauseating space horror films within recent memory", with "imaginative set design and good production values, but none of that matters [...] The torture, inhumanity and [[Exploitation film|exploitation]] are ferocious [...] This is dangerous and vile filmmaking."<ref name="Locks&Smith"/> ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' commented that "[d]espite a generally good cast, [the] absence of an interesting script, and corners-cutting on the special effects side, spell a quick payoff."<ref name="Locks&Smith"/> Edward Jones of Virginia's ''[[The Free Lance–Star]]'' praised the "novel touch" of casting an expectant mother as the villain, but added that "in what has to be a new low, even for extraterrestrial-horror films, all the men end up punching this pregnant woman in the stomach." He summed up the film as "no more than a mix of everything you've ever seen in a horror movie, and didn't particularly want to see again."<ref name="FreeLanceStar">{{Cite news |title = For a New Low in Terror, ''Horror Planet'' Delivers |first = Edward |last = Jones |newspaper = [[The Free Lance–Star]] |publisher = The Free-Lance Star Publishing Company |location = Fredericksburg, Virginia |oclc = 232119194 |date = 18 January 1983 |page = 10 }}</ref> In a review for the ''[[Boca Raton News]]'', Skip Sheffield branded the film "horrible" and "cheapo", advising readers to "imagine ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' without the fantastic sets, convincing special effects and literate dialogue, and you have a picture of ''Horror Planet''." He also argued that the graphic violence is not suspenseful, punning on the name Run Run Shaw in his conclusion that "''Horror Planet'' is a film to run, run away from – fast."<ref name="BocaRatonNews"/>

[[AllMovie]] rates the film one star out of five. Reviewer Cavett Binion calls Geeson's performance "more than a bit uncomfortable to watch", describes the rape scene as "surreal and truly disgusting" and considers the choice of title "sleazy".<ref name="AllMovie1">{{Cite web |url = https://allmovie.com/work/inseminoid-23151 |title = AllMovie Review |first = Cavett |last = Binion |publisher = AllMovie |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110115020444/https://allmovie.com/work/inseminoid-23151 |archive-date = 15 January 2011 |access-date = 16 August 2010 |url-status = live }}</ref> Douglas Pratt writes that the film features poor acting and production design with "some gooey gore shots but few other thrills". He concedes that the film "goes through the motions properly, however, so fans will probably find it worth passing the time."<ref name="DVD">{{Cite book |last1 = Pratt |first1 = Douglas |title = Doug Pratt's DVD: Movies, Television, Music, Art, Adult and More |volume = 1 |date = 2004 |publisher = UNET 2 Corporation |isbn = 978-1-932916-00-3 |page = 607 }}</ref>

On the film's supposed [[cult film|cult status]], Warren said: "If ''Inseminoid'' has become some form of cult movie, then I am very pleased and, indeed, very flattered."<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/> He added that if he were to re-make the film, he would demand a longer shooting schedule and reduce the lighting to heighten the suspense.<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>

===Interpretation===
{{Quote box|quote=In both [''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' and ''Inseminoid''], conventional sexuality is restored. In ''Alien'', [[Ellen Ripley|Ripley]] undresses at the end and displays herself as pleasurable to the audience; similarly, ''Inseminoid'' asserts the durability of established [[gender role]]s, despite the survival of the twins. However, unlike ''Alien'', ''Inseminoid'' retains its power to disturb, as Sandy's words to Mark resound long after the final frame [...] The generative mother has spoken, reinforced her eternal presence, and departed to haunt the dreams of men.|source=–&nbsp;Peter Wright<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema"/>|salign=right|width=25%}}

''Inseminoid'' has been criticised as a perceived imitation,<ref name="AllMovie2">{{Cite web |url = https://allmovie.com/work/inseminoid-23151/review |title = AllMovie Review |first = Jeremy |last = Wheeler |publisher = [[AllMovie]] |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090321031455/https://allmovie.com/work/inseminoid-23151/review |archive-date = 21 March 2009 |access-date = 16 August 2010 |url-status = live }}</ref><ref name="MonstersScientists">{{Cite book |last1 = Tudor |first1 = Andrew |title = Monsters and Mad Scientists: A Cultural History of the Horror Movie |date = 1989 |publisher = [[Wiley-Blackwell]] |location = Oxford, UK |isbn = 978-0-631-16992-5 |page = 73 }}</ref> "knock-off"<ref name="Horror">{{Cite book |last1 = Marriott |first1 = James |author-link1 = James Marriott (author) |last2 = Newman |first2 = Kim |author-link2 = Kim Newman |editor1-first = Lorna |editor1-last = Russell |title = Horror: The Definitive Guide to the Cinema of Fear |edition = 2nd |date = 2008 |orig-year = 2006 |publisher = [[André Deutsch]] |location = London, UK |isbn = 978-0-233-00201-9 |page = 158 }}</ref> or "rip-off"<ref name="BocaRatonNews"/><ref name="AllMovie1"/><ref name="DVD"/> of the 1979 science-fiction horror film ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]''. Peter Wright, a film historian and lecturer at the [[University of Liverpool]], believes that the "atmospheric" cave sequences and the [[mess]] scene preceding Ricky's madness may have been inspired by [[Ridley Scott]]'s film, comparing these to the scenes set on the desolate planetoid and the violent reveal of the "[[chestburster]]".<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema"/> Wright considers the ''Alien'' connection potentially "[[Exploitation film|exploitative]]";<ref name="Routledge">{{Cite book |last1 = Wright |first1 = Peter |editor1-first = Mark |editor1-last = Bould |others = [[Andrew M. Butler|Butler, Andrew M.]]; [[Adam Roberts (British writer)|Roberts, Adam]]; Vint, Sheryl |title = The Routledge Companion to Science Fiction |date = 2009 |publisher = Routledge |location = Oxford, UK |isbn = 978-0-415-45378-3 |page = 97 |chapter = Film and television, 1960–1980 }}</ref> to [[Barry Langford]] of the [[University of London]], it underlines UK cinema's dependence on its US counterpart.<ref name="FilmGenre">{{Cite book |last1 = Langford |first1 = Barry |author-link1 = Barry Langford |title = Film Genre: Hollywood and Beyond |edition = 2nd |date = 2006 |orig-year = 2005 |publisher = [[Edinburgh University Press]] |isbn = 978-0-7486-1903-0 |page = 200 }}</ref> [[Alan Jones (film critic)|Alan Jones]] argues that "any similarity between ''Inseminoid'' and ''Alien'' is totally intentional. Except here is the basic idea contained in ''Alien'' taken to its sleaziest extreme." He finds one such parallel in the character of Kate (Stephanie Beacham), whom he likens to [[Ellen Ripley]] ([[Sigourney Weaver]]). However, he also regards ''[[Contamination (film)|Contamination]]'' (1980) and ''[[Scared to Death (1981 film)|Scared to Death]]'' (1981) as less effective imitations of Scott.<ref name="Jones">{{Cite magazine |magazine = [[Starburst (magazine)|Starburst]] |title = ''Inseminoid'' |first1 = Alan |last1 = Jones |author1-link = Alan Jones (film critic) |issue = 34 |year = 1981 |page = 10 |editor1-first = Alan |editor1-last = McKenzie |editor1-link = Alan McKenzie |publisher = [[Marvel Comics]] |location = London, UK }}</ref> Edward Jones argues that the plot of ''Inseminoid'' also borrows from the novel ''[[Dracula]]'' (1897), the TV series ''[[The Bionic Woman]]'' (1976–78) and the films ''[[The Thing from Another World]]'' (1951) and ''[[Night of the Living Dead]]'' (1968).<ref name="FreeLanceStar"/>

Though he acknowledged its similarities to ''Alien'', Warren denied claims that ''Inseminoid'' was made as an imitation, pointing out that the script for his film was completed months before ''Alien'' was released in the UK. He also said that representatives of [[20th Century Fox]], distributor of ''Alien'', were shown the finished ''Inseminoid'' and even they rejected the possibility: "[I]n fact, the head of Fox sent us a very nice letter saying how much he enjoyed the film and wished us luck with the release [...] I find it flattering that anyone can compare ''Alien'', which cost in the region of $30&nbsp;million {{sic}}, with ''Inseminoid'', which cost less than £1&nbsp;million. We must have done something right."<ref name="WideScreenMovies"/>

[[File:InseminoidInsemination.jpg|thumb|left|alt=In the top half of the image, a woman lies naked on a table, visibly terrified. A hypodermic needle is injecting fluid into her left arm. In the lower half, a giant, transparent phallus is shown between the woman's legs, pumping alien semen into her.|Wright argues that the insemination shows conflicting attitudes to reproduction: while Karl injecting Sandy's right arm with a needle ''(top)'' inhibits fertilisation, the [[phallus]] between her legs ''(bottom)'' enables it.<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema"/> Warren said the phallus was not meant to be a penis, but an [[artificial insemination]] tool. He added that due to censorship, the scene was shot "[[impressionistic]]ally, [...] like a dream": "[I]f we had shot it straight, it would have played like a rape scene and been cut out. So it has this sort of abstract quality to it that the censors didn't mind."<ref>{{Cite magazine |magazine = [[The Dark Side (magazine)|The Dark Side]] |issue = 69 |date = October–November 1997 |editor1-first = Allan |editor1-last = Bryce |publisher = Stray Cat Publishing |location = Liskeard, UK |first1 = John |last1 = Martin |title = The Warren Report! |pages = 46–52 }}</ref>]]

Various commentators have discussed ''Inseminoid''{{'}}s depiction of sexual reproduction, female sexuality, conflict between male and female [[gender role]]s, pregnancy, new motherhood and [[Other (philosophy)|Otherness]]. Wright interprets Sandy's transformation as a "direct manifestation of masculine anxiety regarding female reproductive capacity". He argues that the film's horror is internalised within the [[Sperm|seed]] of the alien being, which renders Sandy "woman-as-other" or "[[abject]] "Other". This is in contrast with ''Alien'', which revolves around the transfer of "fear of woman" to "alien other". Wright argues that ''Inseminoid'' is reminiscent of ''[[Demon Seed]]'' (1977), in which a woman is raped and impregnated by an artificially-intelligent computer: "in both films, women are framed as 'Other' by their sexual congress with more conventional iconic others: the machine and the alien." In all of these films, pregnancy is depicted as a source of horror; in ''Inseminoid'' specifically, this is conveyed by the "[[uterine]] and [[Cervix|cervical]]" title sequence, which to Wright suggests "entering the realm of the monstrous womb [...] the titling reveals a microscopic insect resident in the body of a larger organism."<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema"/>

Wright argues that the distorted representation of the womb reveals similarities to ''[[The Brood]]'' (1979), in which a woman gives birth to deformed offspring through [[parthenogenesis]]. Analysing the rape sequence itself, in which Karl uses a syringe to inject Sandy with an unknown substance, Wright makes a connection to dialogue in other scenes implying that the women on the Xeno team are regularly given contraceptive injections. Sandy's impregnation, conflicting with the suppression of fertilisation represented by Karl's hypodermic (and phallic) needle, reveals "coherent sexism": it "attacks the very notion of female sexual freedom, while suggesting, paradoxically, that contraception is the responsibility of women." Sandy's accelerated pregnancy and regression to the level of a savage add to her depiction as an abject Other or object of "male paranoia".<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema"/>

During the fight between Sandy and Gary, Sandy waits until Gary has half-suffocated before killing him. Wright suggests that this sequence is reassuring from a male perspective as it suggests that no woman – not even one with unnatural strength – is strong enough to kill a man in cold blood. That Sandy is ultimately killed by a man (Mark) makes her an aid in the re-empowerment of the male sex, although her offspring are quick to avenge their mother.<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema"/> Comparing the plot of ''Inseminoid'' to religious scripture, [[Christopher Partridge]] of [[Lancaster University]] refers to the twins as "essentially space [[Nephilim]], technological demons with appetites and habits reminiscent of the mythic forebears."<ref name="Religion">{{Cite journal |last = Partridge |first = Christopher |author-link = Christopher Partridge |date = July 2004 |title = Alien Demonology: The Christian Roots of the Malevolent Extraterrestrial in UFO Religions and Abduction Spiritualities |journal = Religion |volume = 34 |issue = 3 |pages = 163–89 |doi = 10.1016/j.religion.2004.04.014 |url = http://www.ignaciodarnaude.com/ufologia/Demonology%20Alien,C.Partridge.pdf |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110713004734/http://www.ignaciodarnaude.com/ufologia/Demonology%20Alien,C.Partridge.pdf |archive-date = 13 July 2011 |access-date = 16 August 2010 |url-status = live |citeseerx = 10.1.1.523.5259 |s2cid = 170258932 }}</ref>

The film's sexual references continue into the epilogue, which shows the arrival of rescuers Jeff, Corin and Roy. In an allusion to the [[menstrual cycle]], the characters state that 28 days have passed since Xeno lost contact with the team. The deaths of the archaeologists are attributed to an "internal disturbance of some kind", which Wright describes as "an ironic phrase which encapsulates the film's vision of pregnancy as an irruption of Otherness from within."<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema"/>

On the subject of Larry Miller's novelisation, which he calls "imaginative and misogynistic", Wright notes a number of scenes that are absent from the film and distort the female form, causing revulsion in the reader. Miller has Sandy grow sores ooze pus from her nipples, which Wright likens to a new mother producing [[colostrum]]. Sandy accepts these unnatural changes with fascination.<ref name="BritishScienceFictionCinema"/>

==See also==
{{Portal|Film|Science fiction|Horror}}
* [[List of British films of 1981]]
* [[List of horror films of 1981]]
* [[List of films featuring extraterrestrials]]
* [[List of films set in the future]]
* [[List of monster movies]]
* [[Reproduction and pregnancy in speculative fiction]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0084090}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes|inseminoid}}
* {{TCMDb title|78389}}

{{Norman J. Warren}}

[[Category:1980s British films]]
[[Category:1980s English-language films]]
[[Category:1980s monster movies]]
[[Category:1980s pregnancy films]]
[[Category:1980s science fiction adventure films]]
[[Category:1981 films]]
[[Category:1981 horror films]]
[[Category:1981 independent films]]
[[Category:1981 science fiction films]]
[[Category:British body horror films]]
[[Category:British independent films]]
[[Category:British monster movies]]
[[Category:British pregnancy films]]
[[Category:British science fiction horror films]]
[[Category:British space adventure films]]
[[Category:English-language independent films]]
[[Category:English-language science fiction adventure films]]
[[Category:English-language science fiction horror films]]
[[Category:Fiction about xenoarchaeology]]
[[Category:Films about cannibalism]]
[[Category:Films about extraterrestrial life]]
[[Category:Films about rape]]
[[Category:Films directed by Norman J. Warren]]
[[Category:Films scored by John Scott (composer)]]
[[Category:Films set in the future]]
[[Category:Films set on fictional planets]]
[[Category:Films shot in Kent]]
[[Category:Films shot in London]]
[[Category:Films shot in Malta]]
[[Category:Video nasties]]