View source for Ingrid Kristiansen

{{Short description|Norwegian long-distance runner}}
{{For|the explorer|Ingrid Christensen}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox sportsperson
| name           = Ingrid Kristiansen
| image          = Ingrid Kristiansen with family 1987.jpg
| image_size     = 260px
| alt            = 
| caption        = Kristiansen with family following an October 1987 competition in [[Zaandam]]
| birth_date     = {{birth-date and age|21 March 1956}}
| birth_place    = [[Trondheim]], Norway
| height         = 1.69 m
| weight         = 50&nbsp;kg
| sport          = [[Sport of athletics|Athletics]]
| event          = [[Long-distance running|Long-distance runner]]
| club           = [[IL i BUL]]
| show-medals    = yes
| medaltemplates = 
{{Medal|Sport|Women's [[Sport of athletics|athletics]]}}
{{Medal|Country|{{NOR}}}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[IAAF World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]]}}
{{Medal|Gold| [[1987 World Championships in Athletics|1987 Rome]] | [[1987 World Championships in Athletics - Women's 10,000 metres|10,000&nbsp;m]]}}
{{Medal|Bronze|[[1980 World Championships in Athletics|1980 Sittard]]|[[1980 World Championships in Athletics#3000 metres results|3000&nbsp;m]]}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[IAAF World Cross Country Championships|World Cross Country Championships]]}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1988 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|1988 Auckland]]|women's race}}
{{Medal|Bronze|[[1985 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|1985 Lisbon]]|women's race}}
{{Medal|Bronze|[[1987 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|1987 Warsaw]]|women's race}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships|World Road Race Championships]]}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1987 IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships|1987 Monte Carlo]]|15&nbsp;km}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1988 IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships|1988 Adelaide]]|15&nbsp;km}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[European Athletics Championships|European Championships]]}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1986 European Athletics Championships|1986 Stuttgart]]|[[1986 European Athletics Championships – Women's 10,000 metres|10,000&nbsp;m]]}}
{{Medal|Bronze|[[1982 European Athletics Championships|1982 Athens]]|[[1982 European Athletics Championships – Women's Marathon|Marathon]]}}
}}

'''Ingrid Kristiansen''' (née '''Christensen''' on 21 March 1956) is a Norwegian former [[Sport of athletics|athlete]]. She was one of the best female [[Long-distance running|long-distance runners]] during the 1980s. She is a former world record holder in the [[5000 metres]], [[10,000 metres]] and the [[marathon]] (at one point in time she held those records simultaneously). Kristiansen was a World Champion on the [[Running track|track]], [[Road running|roads]] and [[Cross country running|cross-country]], becoming the first athlete to win World titles on all three surfaces.<ref name="iaaf">{{cite web |url=http://www2.iaaf.org/wxc98/History/briefhistory.html |title=Marrakech 98 – History – Rules |publisher=www2.iaaf.org |access-date=27 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819030249/http://www2.iaaf.org/wxc98/History/briefhistory.html |archive-date=19 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Turnbull |first=Simon |date=22 April 2023 |title=How marathon greats Waitz and Kristiansen made a name for themselves |url=https://worldathletics.org/heritage/news/grete-waitz-ingrid-kristiansen-marathon-london |access-date=22 April 2023 |website=[[World Athletics]]}}</ref> At the [[Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics|1984 Los Angeles Olympics]], she finished fourth in the [[Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's marathon|first women's Olympic marathon]]. At the [[1988 Summer Olympics|1988 Seoul Olympics]], she dropped out of the 10,000 metres final while leading.<ref name=sr>[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/kr/ingrid-kristiansen-1.html Ingrid Kristiansen] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019200712/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/kr/ingrid-kristiansen-1.html |date=19 October 2012 }}. sports-reference.com</ref><ref name=sr2>[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1988/ATH/womens-10000-metres.html Athletics at the 1988 Seoul Summer Games: Women's 10,000 metres] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405121319/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1988/ATH/womens-10000-metres.html |date=5 April 2014 }}. sports-reference.com</ref> Early in her career, she was also an elite cross country skier, winning several Norwegian titles and a European junior championships.

Kristiansen's 1986 world record in the 10,000 m was not broken for 5 years. Her [[1985 London Marathon]] 2:21:06 was the record marathon time for 13 years.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.runnersworld.de/training/ingrid-kristiansen.75510.htm |title=Sie war ihrer Zeit voraus – Ingrid Kristiansen |website=RUNNER'S WORLD |language=de |access-date=2019-05-04}}</ref>

==Career==
Ingrid Kristiansen started her career quite unremarkably, running 2:30 to 2:40 for her first few marathons. She won the bronze medal in the [[3000 metres]] at the [[1980 World Championships in Athletics]] and won the 1983 [[Houston Marathon]] in 2:33:27 while two months pregnant—a fact she didn't know until two months later.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1985-10-15-8503100502-story.html |title=Motherhood best of times for Kristiansen |last=Hersh |first=Phil |date=1985-10-15 |website=Chicago Tribune |language=en-US |access-date=2020-02-10}}</ref> It was not until she gave birth to her first son, Gaute, that her times began to improve. After winning the [[Houston Marathon]] again and the [[London Marathon]] in 1984, she placed fourth in the first Olympic women's marathon in Los Angeles.<ref name=sr/> She also set two track world records in the 5,000 m (14:58.9) on 28 June 1984 and the 10,000 m (30:59.42) on 27 July 1985, at the [[Bislett Games]] in Oslo.<ref name=sr2/>

In 1985 she won the London Marathon again in a new world record of 2:21:06; the previous record was 2:22:43 set in the 1983 [[Boston Marathon]] by [[Joan Benoit]]. Later in 1985 she lost to Benoit in the [[Chicago Marathon]], running 2:23:05 for second place.

1986 was Kristiansen's best year in track. After she won the Boston Marathon in hot conditions, she set a new world record in the 10,000 m (30:13.3), smashing her own world record from 1984 by 46 seconds.<ref name=sr2/> Then she broke the 5,000 m world record, running 14:37.89. On 5 April 1987, she won a half marathon in Sandnes, running 1:06:40, but the course was not measured properly and the world record still remained with Joan Benoit.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.herbertsteffny.de/statistik/halbmarathonweltbestenliste.htm#Frauen |title=Ewige Weltbestenliste im Halbmarathonlauf zusammengestellt von Herbert Steffny Weltrekord, Laufen Marathon, Statistik, Analyse, Running |website=herbertsteffny.de |access-date=2019-05-04}}</ref> She won the Chicago Marathon, once again in hot and humid conditions, running 2:27:08. She ended the year winning the 10,000 m event at European Championships,<ref name=sr2/> running the 2nd fastest time ever (30:23.3) and nearly 40 seconds ahead of the second-place finisher.

In 1987 Kristiansen attempted to break her marathon world record in London, but she slowed in the second half and won in 2:22:48. She won the first World Championships Women's 10,000 m in Rome, despite a leg injury.<ref name=sr2/>
In 1988 she won the London Marathon for the fourth time, finishing in a time of 2:25:41. Despite a 1:09 first half, she slowed dramatically in the second half, however she was still five minutes ahead of any other woman. At the Olympic Games in Seoul, she participated in the 10,000 m, and even though she was the heavy favourite, she dropped out after seven laps with a fractured bone in her foot.<ref name=sr2/>

She returned to racing in 1989, winning the Boston Marathon in 2:24:33 despite the heat in the latter stages. She decided not to run any track races that year, but she still won a few road races in Europe. Her final marathon was the 1989 [[New York City Marathon]], which she won in a time of 2:25:30, running away with it from the start. Gradually she raced less and less, despite winning the 1990 City-Pier-City Loop in [[The Hague]]. She retired in 1993 and lives with her husband and two children in Oslo, Norway.

She won 14 out of 26 marathons entered.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://arrs.auguszt.in/runner/1455/1/distance/desc |title=ARRS – Runner: Ingrid Kristiansen Christensen |website=arrs.auguszt.in |access-date=2019-05-04}}</ref>

==Achievements==
{| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}}
|-
!colspan="6"|Representing {{NOR}}<ref name=iaaf />
|-
|1980
|[[Stockholm Marathon]]
|[[Stockholm]], Sweden
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:38:45
|-
|rowspan=2|1981
|[[Stockholm Marathon]]
|Stockholm, Sweden
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:41:34
|-
|[[New York City Marathon]]
|[[New York City|New York]], United States
|bgcolor="silver"  | 2nd
|Marathon
|2:30:08<ref>[https://www.arrs.run/MaraRank/ATM_Mara1981.htm World Marathon Rankings for 1981]. arrs.run</ref>
|-
|rowspan=3|1982
|[[Stockholm Marathon]]
|Stockholm, Sweden
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:34:26
|-
|[[1982 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]]
|[[Athens]], Greece
|bgcolor="cc9966"  | 3rd
|Marathon
|[[1982 European Athletics Championships – Women's Marathon|2:36:38]]
|-
|[[New York City Marathon]]
|New York, United States
|5th
|Marathon
|2:33:36
|-
|1983
|[[Houston Marathon]]
|[[Houston]], United States
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:33:27
|-
|rowspan=4|1984
|[[Houston Marathon]]
|Houston, United States
|bgcolor="gold" | 1st
|Marathon
|2:27:51
|-
|[[1984 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|World Cross Country Championships]]
|New York, United States
|4th
|
|
|-
|[[London Marathon]]
|[[London]], United Kingdom
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:24:26
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]
|[[Los Angeles]], United States
|4th
|Marathon
|2:27:14
|-
|rowspan=3|1985
|[[1985 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|World Cross Country Championships]]
|[[Lisbon]], Portugal
|bgcolor="cc9966" | 3rd
|
|
|-
|[[London Marathon]]
|London, United Kingdom
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:21:06
|-
|[[Chicago Marathon]]
|[[Chicago]], United States
|bgcolor="silver" | 2nd
|Marathon
|2:23:05
|-
|rowspan=3|1986
|[[Boston Marathon]]
|[[Boston]], United States
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:24:55
|-
|[[1986 European Athletics Championships|European Championships]]
|[[Stuttgart]], [[West Germany]]
|bgcolor=gold|1st
|10,000&nbsp;m
|[[1986 European Athletics Championships – Women's 10,000 metres|30:23.25]]
|-
|[[Chicago Marathon]]
|[[Chicago]], United States
|bgcolor=gold|1st
|Marathon
|2:27:08
|-
|rowspan=4|1987
|[[1987 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|World Cross Country Championships]]
|[[Warsaw]], Poland
|bgcolor="cc9966" | 3rd
|
|
|-
|[[London Marathon]]
|London, United Kingdom
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:22:48
|-
|[[1987 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]]
|[[Rome]], Italy
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|10,000&nbsp;m
|[[1987 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 10,000 metres|31:05.85]]
|-
|[[IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships|World Road Race Championships]]
|[[Monte Carlo]], Monaco
|bgcolor="gold" | 1st
|15&nbsp;km
|47:17
|-
|rowspan=4|1988
|[[IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships|World Road Race Championships]]
|[[Adelaide]], Australia
|bgcolor="gold" | 1st
|15&nbsp;km
|48:24
|-
|[[1988 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|World Cross Country Championships]]
|[[Auckland]], New Zealand
|bgcolor="gold" | 1st
|
|
|-
|[[London Marathon]]
|London, United Kingdom
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:25:41
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]
|[[Seoul]], South Korea
|—
|10,000&nbsp;m
|[[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics - Women's 10000 metres|DNF]]
|-
|rowspan=2|1989
|[[Boston Marathon]]
|Boston, United States
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:24:33
|-
|[[New York City Marathon]]
|New York, United States
|bgcolor="gold"  | 1st
|Marathon
|2:25:30
|-
|1991
|[[1991 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]]
|[[Tokyo]], Japan
|7th
|10,000&nbsp;m
|[[1991 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 10,000 metres|32:10.75]]
|}
Note: The 1987 World Road Race Championship was held in November while the 1988 edition was held in March.

===World Records===
*5000&nbsp;m world record with 14:58.89 in Oslo, 28 June 1984  –  first woman to run under 15 minutes
*5000&nbsp;m world record with 14:37.33 in Stockholm, 5 August 1986.  This time improved the world record by over 10 seconds and stood for nearly 9 years.
*10,000&nbsp;m world record with 30:59.42 in Oslo, 27 July 1985  –  first woman to run under 31 minutes
*10,000&nbsp;m world record with 30:13.74 in Oslo, 5 July 1986
*Marathon world record with 2:21:06 in London, 21 April 1985  – record stood for 13 years.

===Other===
*24 individual Norwegian championships
*1992 [[Egebergs Ærespris]]

==Personal bests==
{| class="wikitable" style=" text-align:center; font-size:95%;" width="70%"
|-
! Distance
! Mark
! Date
! Location
|-
| 3,000&nbsp;m        || align=right |   8:34.10  || align=right | 13 August 1986 || [[Zürich]]<ref name=iaaf /><ref>{{World Athletics|name=Ingrid Kristiansen}}</ref>
|-
| 5,000 m         || align=right | 14:37.33 || align=right | 5 August 1986 || [[Stockholm]]
|-
| 10,000&nbsp;m       || align=right | 30:13.74 || align=right | 5 July 1986 || [[Oslo]]
|-
| 10&nbsp;km (road)  || align=right | 30:59 || align=right | 9 April 1989 || [[Boston]]
|-
| 15&nbsp;km (road)  || align=right | 47:17 || align=right | 21 November 1987 || [[Monaco]]
|-
| Half Marathon* || align=right | 1:06:40 || align=right | 19 March 1987 || [[Sandnes]]
|-
| Marathon      || align=right | 2:21:06 || align=right | 21 April 1985 || [[London]]
|}

''*'' Because of a measurement error this run doesn't qualify for record purposes.

==Cross-country skiing results==
===World Championships===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center; border:grey solid 1px; border-collapse:collapse; background:#ffffff;"
! style="background-color:#369; color:white; width:60px;"|&nbsp;Year&nbsp; 
! style="background-color:#369; color:white; width:40px;"|&nbsp;Age&nbsp; 
! style="background-color:#4180be; color:white; width:75px;"| &nbsp;5&nbsp;km&nbsp;
! style="background-color:#4180be; color:white; width:75px;"| &nbsp;10&nbsp;km&nbsp;
! style="background-color:#4180be; color:white; width:75px;"| &nbsp;20&nbsp;km&nbsp;
! style="background-color:#4180be; color:white; width:75px;"| &nbsp;4&nbsp;×&nbsp;5&nbsp;km&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;relay&nbsp;
|-
| [[FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1978|1978]] || ''21'' || 21 ||— || — ||—
|-
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Ingrid Kristiansen}}
* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208202006/http://www.ingridkristiansen.com/ |date=8 December 2013 |title=Ingrid Kristiansen official website }}
* {{Olympics.com|ingrid-kristiansen}}
* {{Olympedia}}

{{S-start}}
{{S-ach|rec}}
{{Succession box|before= [[Jan Merrill]]<br> [[Mary Decker]]<br> [[Zola Budd]]|title=[[5000 metres#Women's world record progression|Women's 5,000&nbsp;m World Record Holder]]|years=11 July 1981&nbsp;– 6 September 1981<br>28 June 1984&nbsp;– 26 August 1985<br>5 August 1986&nbsp;– 22 July 1995|after= [[Yelena Sipatova]]<br> [[Zola Budd]]<br> [[Fernanda Ribeiro]]}}
{{Succession box|before={{flagicon|USA}}  [[Joan Benoit]]|title=[[Marathon world best progression|Women's Marathon World Record Holder]]|years=21 April 1985&nbsp;– 19 April 1998|after={{flagicon|KEN}}  [[Tegla Loroupe]]}}
{{Succession box|before= [[Olga Bondarenko]]|title=[[10000 metres#Women's World Record Progression|Women's 10,000&nbsp;m World Record Holder]]|years=27 July 1985&nbsp;– 8 September 1993|after= [[Wang Junxia]]}}
{{succession box|before={{flagicon|USA}} [[Joan Benoit]]|title=[[Half marathon world record progression#Women|Women's Half marathon World record holder]]|years=5 April 1987 &ndash; 18 May 1991|after={{flagicon|RSA|1928}} [[Elana Meyer]]}}
{{S-ach|aw}}
{{Succession box| title=[[Egebergs Ærespris]]| before= [[Birger Ruud]]| after=[[Anita Andreassen]]| years=1992}}
{{S-sports}}
{{Succession box|title=[[Egmond Half Marathon|Egmond Women's Half Marathon Winner]]|before= [[Marja Wokke]] |after= [[Annie van Stiphout]]|years=1982}}
{{Succession box|before= [[Zola Budd]]<br> [[Zola Budd]]|title=[[5000 metres#Women's seasons best (outdoor track)|Women's 5,000&nbsp;m Best Year Performance]]|years=1984<br>1986|after=[[Zola Budd]]<br> [[Liz McColgan]]}}
{{Succession box|title=[[Zevenheuvelenloop|Zevenheuvelenloop Women's Winner (15&nbsp;km)]]|before=[[Carla Beurskens]]|after=[[Tegla Loroupe]]|years=1991}}
{{S-end}}

{{Footer World Champions 10000&nbsp;m Women}}
{{Footer European Champions 10000&nbsp;m Women}}
{{Footer WBYP 5000m Women}}
{{Footer WBYP 10000m Women}}
{{Footer WBYP Marathon Women}}
{{Footer IAAF World Cross Champions Women}}
{{Footer World Women's Road Race Champions}}
{{Footer Boston Marathon Champions Women}}
{{Footer Chicago Marathon Champions Women}}
{{Footer London Marathon Champions Women}}
{{Footer New York Marathon Champions Women}}
{{Footer Stockholm Marathon Champions Women}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kristiansen, Ingrid}}
[[Category:1956 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Athletes from Trondheim]]
[[Category:Norwegian female long-distance runners]]
[[Category:Norwegian female marathon runners]]
[[Category:Norwegian female cross-country skiers]]
[[Category:Olympic athletes for Norway]]
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1988 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:World Athletics Championships athletes for Norway]]
[[Category:World Athletics Championships medalists]]
[[Category:European Athletics Championships medalists]]
[[Category:World Athletics Cross Country Championships winners]]
[[Category:London Marathon female winners]]
[[Category:Boston Marathon female winners]]
[[Category:Chicago Marathon female winners]]
[[Category:New York City Marathon female winners]]
[[Category:World record setters in athletics (track and field)]]
[[Category:IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships winners]]
[[Category:World Athletics Championships winners]]
[[Category:20th-century Norwegian sportswomen]]