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{{Short description|Music genre}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox music genre
| name              = Industrial rock
| image             = File:KMFDM1.jpg
| caption           = Industrial rock band [[KMFDM]]
| stylistic_origins = {{hlist|[[Industrial music|Industrial]]|[[Rock music|rock]]|[[post-punk]]|[[experimental rock]]|[[Post-industrial (music)|post-industrial]]|[[noise rock]]|[[post-hardcore]]|[[noise music|noise]]}}
| cultural_origins  = Late 1970s to early 1980s; United States, United Kingdom, Germany
| subgenrelist      = 
| subgenres         = 
| fusiongenres      = [[Industrial metal]]
| regional_scenes   = [[Neue Deutsche Härte|Germany]]
| other_topics      = * [[Industrial dance]]
* [[synth-punk]]
* [[Electronic body music|EBM]]
* [[electro-industrial]]
* [[gothic rock]]
* [[industrial techno]]
* [[industrial hip-hop]]
}}

'''Industrial rock''' is a [[fusion genre]] that fuses [[industrial music]] and [[rock music]]. Originally emerging in the late 1970s to early 1980s, pioneered by artists such as [[Chrome (band)|Chrome]], [[Killing Joke]], [[Swans (band)|Swans]], [[Big Black]] and [[Skinny Puppy]], the movement was further proliferated in the late 1980s by [[Wax Trax! Records]] in [[Chicago]], with artists like [[Front 242]], [[Front Line Assembly]], [[KMFDM]], and [[Sister Machine Gun]].    

Subsequently, the movement would lead to the emergence of genre fusions and subgenres like [[electro-industrial]], [[industrial metal]], [[martial industrial]],  [[industrial hip-hop]], [[industrial dance]] and [[industrial techno]]. By the 1990s, broader industrial music genres were made accessible to mainstream audiences through the popularity of acts such as [[Nine Inch Nails]], [[Ministry (band)|Ministry]], [[Rammstein]], [[Marilyn Manson (band)|Marilyn Manson]], all of whom released platinum-selling records.    

== Characteristics ==
Industrial rock is defined by the merging of rock music with influences lifted from [[industrial music]], [[Electronic music|electronic]], and [[avant-garde music]]. Industrial rock bands are characterized by harsh, abrasive sounds, blending distorted, aggressive guitar riffs with electronic textures and experimental production techniques.<ref>{{Cite web |last=staff |first=Treble |date=2021-10-27 |title=A History of Industrial Music in 45 Songs |url=https://www.treblezine.com/history-industrial-music-best-tracks/ |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=Treble |language=en-US}}</ref> Exemplified by artists who signed to industrial focused independent record label [[Wax Trax! Records]], while some industrial rock artists later overlapped with [[industrial metal]].<ref>"... journalists now use 'industrial' as a term like they would 'blues.'"—Genesis P-Orridge, ''RE/Search'' #6/7, p. 16.</ref>

== History ==
=== Forerunners ===
[[Cromagnon (band)|Cromagnon]]'s 1969 record ''[[Orgasm (Cromagnon album)|Orgasm]]'' has been credited with foreshadowing the industrial rock sound, with ''[[AllMusic]]'' describing it as sounding "like it could be a [[Ministry (band)|Ministry]] [...] recording from 1989".<ref>{{cite web |last=Henderson |first=Alex |title=Cromagnon: Orgasm |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/orgasm-mw0000619006 |access-date=May 17, 2020 |work=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> [[Pitchfork (website)|''Pitchfork'']] labelled the opening track "Caledonia" as a "pre-industrial stomp".<ref>{{cite web |last=Baron |first=Zach |title=The 200 Greatest Songs of the 1960s |url=http://pitchfork.com/features/staff-lists/6400-the-200-greatest-songs-of-the-1960s/2/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409185412/http://pitchfork.com/features/staff-lists/6400-the-200-greatest-songs-of-the-1960s/2/ |archive-date=April 9, 2010 |access-date=20 February 2017 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}</ref>  

=== 1970s–1980s: Origins ===
{{See also|Industrial music}}

During the mid to late 1970s, [[industrial music]] emerged through the early works of [[Throbbing Gristle]], [[Cabaret Voltaire (band)|Cabaret Voltaire]], [[Boyd Rice|NON]], [[SPK (band)|SPK]] and [[Z'EV]].<ref>Vale & Juno, 1983.</ref> Subsequently, music critics retroactively credit the [[San Francisco]] band [[Chrome (band)|Chrome]] with sparking the "beginning of industrial rock."<ref>{{cite web |date=July 15, 2015 |title=Chrome at 40 the most influential band you've never heard |url=https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2015/07/15/chrome-at-40-the-most-influential-band-youve-never-heard/ |access-date=February 8, 2018 |publisher=KQED}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=September 6, 1998 |title=The Wire's 100 Records That Set The World On Fire While No One Was Listening |url=http://www.rtxarchive.com/archive/articles/wire175.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613182618/http://www.rtxarchive.com/archive/articles/wire175.html |archive-date=June 13, 2007 |access-date=February 8, 2018 |work=[[The Wire (magazine)|The Wire]]}}</ref> Alongside, New York City band [[Suicide (band)|Suicide]], formed in 1970, by [[Alan Vega]] and [[Martin Rev]], whose 1977 [[Suicide (1977 album)|debut album]] has been credited with providing "the blueprints for [...] industrial rock".<ref name="allmusic-review22">{{cite web |last=Phares |first=Heather |title=Suicide [First Album] – Suicide |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/suicide-first-album-mw0000690243 |access-date=June 19, 2013 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> Furthermore, [[Iggy Pop]] who released his debut solo album ''[[The Idiot (album)|The Idiot]]'', produced by [[David Bowie]], in 1977, was later retroactively recognized as a forerunner to industrial rock,<ref>{{cite web |date=May 4, 2016 |title=Gig Highlight: Iggy Pop |url=http://totallystockholm.se/music/gig-highlight-iggy-pop/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215024628/http://totallystockholm.se/music/gig-highlight-iggy-pop/ |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |access-date=February 14, 2017 |website=Totally Stockholm}}</ref> particularly the closing track, "[[The Idiot (album)|Mass Production]]', which contains numerous "proto-industrial noises" created using [[tape loop]]s,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Seabrook |first1=Thomas Jerome |title=Bowie in Berlin: A New Career in a New Town |date=2008 |publisher=Jawbone Press |isbn=978-1-90600-208-4 |location=London |page=94}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Pegg |first=Nicholas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LqFkDQAAQBAJ |title=The Complete David Bowie |publisher=[[Titan Books]] |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-78565-365-0 |edition=Revised and Updated |location=London |page=487}}</ref> which Hugo Wilcken described as "early industrial electronica."<ref>{{cite book |last=Wilcken |first=Hugo |title=David Bowie's ''Low'' (33 1/3) |publisher=Continuum |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-826-41684-1 |pages=37–58}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Seabrook |first1=Thomas Jerome |title=Bowie in Berlin: A New Career in a New Town |date=2008 |publisher=Jawbone Press |isbn=978-1-90600-208-4 |location=London |pages=94–95}}</ref>  [[Ian Curtis]] of [[Joy Division]], cited the album as an inspiration, and later influenced the work of [[Trent Reznor]] of [[Nine Inch Nails]], who'd cover their song "[[Dead Souls (song)|Dead Souls]]".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Embley |first=Jochan |date=2020-07-18 |title=Five albums that wouldn't be the same without Joy Division's Closer |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/music/joy-division-closer-influence-40-a4500401.html |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=The Standard |language=en}}</ref> Other influences on industrial rock include [[Einstürzende Neubauten]], [[Alien Sex Fiend]], and [[Come (UK band)|Come]].

By the late 1970s, [[post-punk]] and [[post-hardcore]] bands, began incorporating elements of [[industrial music]] into rock music. [[Killing Joke]] described by music journalist [[Simon Reynolds]] as "a post-punk version of [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]]"<ref name="kj">Reynolds, 2005, p. 435.</ref> emerged as an influential band in the development of industrial rock music, their album ''[[Night Time (album)|Night Time]]'' (1985) saw mainstream success and influenced [[Trent Reznor]] of [[Nine Inch Nails]].<ref>{{cite web |title=UK albums charts – killing Joke |url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/killing%20joke/#albums |access-date=9 January 2020 |work=theofficialcharts.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Breen |first=Mike |title=Killing Joke, One of the Most Influential Post Punk Bands of All Time, is Coming to Cincinnati |url=https://www.citybeat.com/music/killing-joke-one-of-the-most-influential-post-punk-bands-of-all-time-is-coming-to-cincinnati-12175145 |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=Cincinnati CityBeat |language=en}}</ref><ref>Chantler, 2002, p. 54.</ref> Subsequently, New York City band [[Swans (band)|Swans]] emerged and drew influence from the local [[no wave]] scene, most notably [[Glenn Branca|Glenn Branca's]] [[Theoretical Girls]] "You Got Me",<ref>{{Cite web |last=Calvert |first=John |date=2014-03-10 |title=A Beginner's Guide to No Wave |url=https://www.factmag.com/2014/03/10/a-beginners-guide-to-no-wave/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=Fact Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> as well as punk rock, [[noise music]] (particularly [[Whitehouse (band)|Whitehouse]]) and the original industrial groups.<ref name="swans">Licht, 2003, p. 32.</ref>  [[Chris Connelly (musician)|Chris Connelly]] said the musical project [[Foetus (band)|Foetus]] was "the instigator when it comes to the marriage of machinery to [[hardcore punk]]."<ref name="connelly">Connelly, 2007, p. 12.</ref>[[File:Big Black (1986).jpg|thumb|Big Black at [[Chicago]]'s [[Union Station (Chicago)|Union Station]] in 1986; left to right: Riley, Albini, and Durango]]During the early 1980s, [[Steve Albini|Steve Albini's]] band [[Big Black]], [[post-hardcore]] and [[noise rock]] with industrial music.<ref name="black">Sharp, 1999, p. 48.</ref><ref>Blush, 2001, p. 222.</ref> The Swiss trio [[The Young Gods]], who deliberately eschewed electric guitars in favor of a [[sampler (musical instrument)|sampler]],<ref>Mörat, 1992, p. 12.</ref> also took inspiration from both hardcore and industrial.<ref>Stud & Stud, 1987, p. 27.</ref> In 1986, Canadian band [[Skinny Puppy]] released the album ''[[Mind: The Perpetual Intercourse]]'',<ref>{{cite web|last1=DiGravina|first1=Tim|title=Mind: The Perpetual Intercourse|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/mind-the-perpetual-intercourse-mw0000200383|website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=9 January 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701020816/http://www.allmusic.com/album/mind-the-perpetual-intercourse-mw0000200383|archive-date=1 July 2016}}</ref> with its lead single, "[[Dig It (Skinny Puppy song)|Dig It]]", seeing frequent airplay on [[MTV]].<ref>{{cite web|title=1986 Rock Music Timeline|url=http://www.rockmusictimeline.com/1986.html|website=Rock Music Timeline|publisher=rockmusictimeline.com|access-date=9 January 2020}}</ref> The song was a major influence on [[Nine Inch Nails]] founder [[Trent Reznor]], who used it as inspiration when writing his first song, "[[Down in It]]".<ref name="NIN Spin 1996">{{Cite magazine|last=Weisbard|first=Eric|date=February 1996|title=Sympathy for the Devil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=td2yO_T3DPEC&pg=PA34|publisher=Spin Media LLC|volume=11|issue=11|pages=34–42, 96|issn=0886-3032|access-date=9 January 2020|magazine=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]|via=Google Books}}</ref>{{rp|38}}

By the late 1980s, Chicago's [[Wax Trax! Records]] became a central hub for the genre, further popularizing it across the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/wax-trax-reduxchart-watch/Content?oid=882542 |title= Wax Trax Redux/Chart Watch |last=Wyman |first=Bill |date= 12 August 1993 |website=chicagoreader.com |publisher= [[Chicago Reader]] |access-date=21 March 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Narvaja |first=Norm |date=10 April 2019 |title=Ministry, Cold Cave to Tour Behind Wax Trax! Documentary |url=https://www.altpress.com/features/wax-trax-documentary-record-store-day-interview/ |access-date=21 March 2020 |website=altpress.com |publisher=[[Alternative Press (magazine)|Alternative Press]]}}</ref> The label was started by Jim Nash and Dannie Flesher. The label went on to distribute some of the most prominent names in industrial throughout the late 1980s and 1990s, with artists like [[Front 242]], [[Front Line Assembly]], [[KMFDM]], and [[Sister Machine Gun]]. In 1988, [[Ministry (band)|Ministry]], released their album ''[[The Land of Rape and Honey]]'', which drew from hardcore punk and [[thrash metal]], while retaining electronic elements and samples.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://loudwire.com/10-most-underrated-bands-1980s/|title=10 Most Underrated Bands of 1980s|website=[[Loudwire]]|last=Hartmann|first=Graham|date=10 January 2019|access-date=21 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/features/lists-and-guides/the-33-best-industrial-albums-of-all-time/?page=3|title= 33 Best Industrial Albums of All Time|website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]|last= Carr|first=Daphne|date=17 June 2019|access-date=21 March 2020}}</ref> Ministry frontman [[Al Jourgensen]] was also involved in multiple industrial rock side projects that were signed to Wax Trax!, including [[Revolting Cocks]], [[1000 Homo DJs]] and [[Pailhead]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Elledge |first=Paul |date= October 1991 |title=Cult of Personality |volume=7|issue=7 |magazine=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]] }}</ref> Drawing heavy influences from New York's no wave scene, [[Cop Shoot Cop]] replaced lead guitars with bass.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/cop-shoot-cop-mn0000124631/biography|title=Cop Shoot Cop biography|work=[[AllMusic]]|first=John |last=Dougan|access-date=22 March 2020}}</ref>

===Mainstream popularity (1990s)===

[[File:Nine_inch_nails_-_Staples_Center_-_11-8-13_(10755555065_16053de956_o).jpg|thumb|left|200px|Industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails]]

In the 1990s, industrial rock broke into the mainstream with artists and bands such as [[Nine Inch Nails]], [[Orgy (band)|Orgy]], {{nowrap|[[Rob Zombie]],}} [[White Zombie (band)|White Zombie]], and [[Marilyn Manson (band)|Marilyn Manson]]. In December 1992, Nine Inch Nails' EP ''[[Broken (Nine Inch Nails EP)|Broken]]'' was certified platinum by the [[Recording Industry Association of America|Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)]].{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Broken|artist=Nine Inch Nails|region=United States|type=album}} Nine Inch Nails gained further popularity with the release of their 1994 album ''[[The Downward Spiral]]'', which was certified 4× platinum by the RIAA in 1998.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=The Downward Spiral|artist=Nine Inch Nails|type=album|region=United States}} The band's 1999 album ''[[The Fragile (Nine Inch Nails album)|The Fragile]]'' was certified 2× platinum in January 2000.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=The Fragile|artist=Nine Inch Nails|type=album|region=United States}} With the success of Nine Inch Nails, the band's debut album ''[[Pretty Hate Machine]]'' was certified 3× platinum by the RIAA.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Pretty Hate Machine|artist=Nine Inch Nails|type=album|region=United States}} In the 1990s, four Nine Inch Nails songs went on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/312326/nine-inch-nails/chart |title=Nine Inch Nails – Chart history |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=May 2, 2017}}</ref> Several industrial rock and industrial metal artists such as [[KMFDM]], [[Fear Factory]], [[Gravity Kills]] and [[Sister Machine Gun]] appeared on the 1995 ''[[Mortal Kombat: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/mortal-kombat-original-soundtrack-mw0000180330 |title=Mortal Kombat [Original Soundtrack] – Original Soundtrack |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=May 19, 2017}}</ref> which was certified platinum by the RIAA in January 1996.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Mortal Kombat|artist=Soundtrack|region=United States|type=album}}

[[File:Orgy American band.jpg|thumb|right|Industrial rock band Orgy performing in 2015]]

[[Marilyn Manson (band)|Marilyn Manson]] released their album ''[[Antichrist Superstar]]'' in 1996, which was certified platinum by the RIAA two months after its release date.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Antichrist Superstar|artist=Marilyn Manson|type=album|region=United States}} In the United States, ''Antichrist Superstar'' sold at least 1,900,000 units.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/951479/marilyn-manson-plots-2011-comeback-with-indie-label |title=Marilyn Manson Plots 2011 Comeback with Indie Label |magazine=Billboard |last=Paine |first=Andre |date=November 8, 2010 |access-date=May 3, 2017}}</ref> Marilyn Manson's EP ''[[Smells Like Children]]'' was certified platinum in May 1998.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Smells Like Children|artist=Marilyn Manson|region=United States|type=album}} The band's third album ''[[Mechanical Animals]]'' went to number 1, dethroning [[Lauryn Hill]]'s solo debut ''[[The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill]]'' and selling 223,000 copies in its first week in stores.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Boehlert |first=Eric |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/marilyn-manson-shows-hes-dope-19980924 |title=Marilyn Manson Shows He's Dope |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=September 24, 1998 |access-date=May 2, 2017 |archive-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101063930/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/marilyn-manson-shows-hes-dope-19980924 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was certified platinum by the RIAA in February 1999{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Mechanical Animals|artist=Marilyn Manson|type=album|region=United States}} and sold at least 1,409,000 copies in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |last=Grein |first=Paul |url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/68870/chart-watch-extra-swift-joins-an-elite-club |title=Chart Watch Extra: Swift Joins An Elite Club |publisher=Yahoo! Music |date=November 3, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101107194009/http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/68870/chart-watch-extra-swift-joins-an-elite-club |archive-date=November 7, 2010 |access-date=May 3, 2017}}</ref> [[Orgy (band)|Orgy]] also experienced mainstream success during the 1990s. The band's 1998 album ''[[Candyass]]'' was certified platinum by the RIAA in July 1999.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Candyass|artist=Orgy|region=United States|type=album}} Orgy's cover of [[New Order (band)|New Order]]'s song "[[Blue Monday (New Order song)|Blue Monday]]" went to number 56 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/316886/orgy/chart |title=Orgy – Chart history |magazine=Billboard |access-date=May 3, 2017}}</ref> and number 2 on the [[Dance Club Songs]] chart.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/316886/orgy/chart?f=359 |title=Orgy – Chart history (Dance Club Songs) |magazine=Billboard |access-date=May 3, 2017}}</ref> White Zombie experimented with [[industrial metal]] on its 1995 album ''[[Astro-Creep: 2000]]'',<ref name="allmusic">{{cite web |first=Stephen Thomas |last=Erlewine |author-link=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=mw0000644056|pure_url=yes}}|title=Astro-Creep: 2000 – Songs of Love, Destruction and Other Synthetic Delusions of the Electric Head – White Zombie |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=May 3, 2017}}</ref> which was certified 2× platinum by the RIAA in March 1996.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Astro-Creep: 2000|artist=White Zombie|type=album|region=United States}} White Zombie's vocalist [[Rob Zombie]] began creating pure industrial metal albums in his solo career. Rob Zombie's 1998 solo debut studio album ''[[Hellbilly Deluxe]]'' was certified 3× platinum by the RIAA less than two years after its release date.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Hellbilly Deluxe|artist=Rob Zombie|type=album|region=United States}} In November 1999, [[Powerman 5000]]'s album ''[[Tonight the Stars Revolt!]]'' was certified platinum by the RIAA.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Tonight the Stars Revolt!|artist=Powerman 5000|type=album|region=United States}} The album sold at least 1,316,172 units in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/powerman-5000-is-the-end-near/ |title=Powerman 5000: Is The End Near? |publisher=[[Blabbermouth.net]] |date=November 6, 2003 |access-date=May 6, 2017}}</ref>
A large Industrial metal scene also emerged in Europe in the 20th century. The Industrial Metal band that manages to appeal to the largest audiences worldwide is [[Rammstein]].
Other names have also proven successful in the European scene, including [[Pain (musical project)|Pain]], [[Deathstars]], [[Dagoba (band)|Dagoba]], [[Eisbrecher]], [[Gothminister]] and [[Godflesh]].

== Labels ==
*[[Wax Trax! Records]]
*[[Nothing Records]]

== See also ==

*[[:Category:Industrial rock musical groups|Industrial rock musical groups]]
*[[Industrial rock sales and awards]]
*[[List of industrial music bands]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* [[Steven Blush|Blush, Steven]] (2001). ''[[American Hardcore: A Tribal History]]''. Los Angeles: [[Feral House]].
* Chantler, Chris (2002). "Splitting heirs". ''Terrorizer'', 96: 54–5.
* Connelly, Chris (2007). ''Concrete, Bulletproof, Invisible + Fried: My Life as a Revolting Cock''. London: SAF Publishing.
* Irvin, Jim (2001). ''The Mojo Collection: The greatest albums of all time''. Edinburgh: Canongate.
* Licht, Alan (2003). "Tunnel vision". ''The Wire'', 233: 30–37.
* Mörat (1992). "Ye gods!" ''Kerrang!'', 411: 12.
* Reynolds, Simon (2005). ''Rip it up and start again: Postpunk 1978–1984.'' London: Faber and Faber Limited.
* Reed, S. Alexander (2013). ''Assimilate: A Critical History of Industrial Music''. Oxford University Press.
* Sharp, Chris (1999). "Atari Teenage Riot: 60 second wipe out". ''The Wire'', 183: 48–49.
* Stud, B. & Stud, T. (June 20, 1987). "Heaven up here". ''Melody Maker'': 26–27.
* Vale, Vivian; Juno, Andrea (1983). ''RE/Search #6-#7: Industrial culture handbook''. San Francisco: RE/SEARCH PUBLICATIONS.

{{Alternative rock}}
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[[Category:Alternative rock genres]]
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