View source for Incheon Bridge

{{For|the segment of the Second Gyeongin Expressway|Incheon Bridge Expressway}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox bridge
|bridge_name   =Incheon Bridge
|image         =Incheon Grand Bridge.jpg
|alt           =Incheondaegyo
|caption       =Incheondaegyo
|official_name =
|carries       =6-lane expressway<ref name=structurae>{{Structurae|id=20015446|name=Incheon Bridge}}</ref><ref name=roadtraffic>{{cite web| title        =Incheon Bridge, Seoul – Road Traffic Technology| url        =http://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/incheon/| archiveurl        =https://web.archive.org/web/20091211192830/http://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/incheon/| publisher        =Net Resources International| location        =London, England; [[Melbourne]], Australia| archivedate        =December 11, 2009| accessdate        =2009-10-18| url-status        =dead| df        =mdy-all}}</ref>
|crosses       =
|locale        =[[Incheon]], South Korea<ref name=structurae />
|maint         =
|id            =
|designer      =
|design        =[[Cable-stayed bridge]],<ref name=structurae /> [[arch bridge]]
|material      =
|spans         =5<ref name=structurae />
|pierswater    =
|mainspan      ={{convert|800|m}}<ref name=officialsitestat />
|length        ={{convert|21.38|km}}<ref name=officialsitestat>{{cite web |url=http://www.incheonbridge.co.kr/Comm/UserPage/ContentPage.aspx?mcode=INFOSUB1&mtype=KOR |script-title=ko:사업소개 |language=Korean| trans-title=Business Introduction|website=Incheon Bridge|accessdate=2011-02-04 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722134158/http://www.incheonbridge.co.kr/Comm/UserPage/ContentPage.aspx?mcode=INFOSUB1&mtype=KOR |archivedate=July 22, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
|width         ={{convert|33.4|m}}<ref name=roadtraffic />
|height        ={{convert|230.5|m}} (pylons)<ref name=officialsitestat />
|load          =
|clearance     =
|below         ={{convert|74|m}}<ref name=officialsitestat />
|traffic       =
|begin         =2005<ref name=structurae />
|complete      =2009<ref name=structurae />
|open          =
|heritage      =
|collapsed     =
|preceded      =
|followed      =
|closed        =
|toll          =
|coordinates   = {{coord|37|24|50|N|126|34|0|E|region:KR-28_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
}}

The '''Incheon Bridge''' ({{korean| hangul=인천대교|rr=Incheon daegyo}}) is a reinforced concrete [[cable-stayed bridge]] in South Korea. At its opening in October 2009, it became the second bridge connection between [[Yeongjong Island]] and the mainland of [[Incheon]].  The Incheon Bridge is South Korea's longest spanning [[cable-stayed bridge]].<ref name="ARUP: Incheon bridge" /> In comparison, it is the [[List of largest cable-stayed bridges#Completed cable-stayed bridges|world's sixteenth longest]] cable-stayed bridge as of January 2019.<ref name="Halcrow:Incheon Bridge">{{cite web|url=http://www.halcrow.com/Our-projects/Project-details/Incheon-Bridge-Korea/|title=Halcrow: Incheon bridge|publisher=halcrow.com|accessdate=2011-01-02|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223110223/http://www.halcrow.com/Our-projects/Project-details/Incheon-Bridge-Korea/|archivedate=December 23, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

The bridge provides direct access between [[Songdo International Business District|Songdo]] and [[Incheon International Airport]], reducing travel time between them by up to one hour.

The section of the bridge crossing the sea, whose concessionaire is Incheon Bridge Corporation, is funded by the private sector.
[[Korea Expressway Corporation]] and the [[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (South Korea)|Korean Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs (MLTM)]] managed the project.

The bridge is located to the south of the [[Yeongjong Bridge]] (which was the first bridge connection between Yeongjong Island and the mainland} and the [[Third Incheon Bridge]] (project to open in 2025).

==Construction==
The main design and build contractor was Samsung C&T Corporation JV ([[Daelim]], [[Daewoo]], [[GS Group|GS]], [[Hanjin Shipping|Hanjin]], [[Hanwha]], [[Kumho Asiana Group|Kumho]]). Total costs were {{KRW|2.45 trillion}},<ref>{{citation | url = https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB125588852605092657 | title = Longest Bridge in Korea Opens to Traffic Monday | publisher = Wall Street Journal | author = Evan Ramstad | date = October 19, 2009 | accessdate = August 13, 2014 }}</ref> including federally funded approach roads. The {{convert|21.38|km|mi|adj=mid|-long|1}} highway project consisted of government-built sections at three ends and a {{convert|12.34|km|mi|1}} section in the middle built with private capital.

The bridge section is {{convert|18.38|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} long. The bridge has a [[cable stayed bridge|cable stayed]] section over the main sea route to Incheon port. This was the most difficult part to construct, with a main tower {{convert|230.5|m|ft|1|abbr=on}} high, vertical clearance of {{convert|74|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, and five spans: a centre span of {{convert|800|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} flanked on either side by spans of {{convert|260|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} and  {{convert|80|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}. Adjacent to the center section are approach spans consisting of a series of {{convert|150|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} balanced cantilever spans. Lower-level viaducts consisting of {{convert|50|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} spans connect to land at each end of the bridge. An [[arch bridge|arch]] span is located on the Incheon side of the bridge, which consists of two red-colored identical arches on each side of the bridge deck.

==Design==
Because the bridge is situated in a known [[earthquake|seismically active]] region, a seismic design of the substructure was adopted.<ref name="ARUP: Incheon bridge">{{cite web|url=http://www.arup.com/Projects/Incheon_Bridge.aspx|title=Incheon bridge|author=|publisher=arup.com|date=|accessdate=2011-01-02}}</ref>

At 12.3&nbsp;km long, with a main cable stayed span of 800m, the new Incheon Bridge is one of the five longest of its type in the world. Its 33.4m wide steel/concrete composite deck carries six lanes of traffic 74&nbsp;m above the main shipping route in and out of Incheon port and links Incheon International Airport on Yeongjong Island to the international business district of New Songdo City and the metropolitan districts of South Korea's capital, Seoul. The cable stayed section of the crossing is 1,480&nbsp;m long, made up of five spans measuring 80&nbsp;m, 260&nbsp;m, 800&nbsp;m, 260&nbsp;m and 80&nbsp;m respectively: height of the inverted-Y main towers is 230.5&nbsp;m. A 1.8&nbsp;km approach span and 8.7&nbsp;km viaduct complete the crossing, both constructed with precast prestressed concrete box girder decks. Foundations are drilled piles 3&nbsp;m in diameter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mageba.ch/en/project_references/reference_projects/incheon_grand_bridge_south_korea.html|title = Home}}</ref> In order to accommodate movement between the bridge decks, the Incheondaegyo was equipped with expansion joints weighing up to 50 tons per joint.

==Notable incidents==
On May 20, 2010, twelve passengers were killed in a bus crash at the bridge.

==In popular media==
* [[Rough Cut (2008 film)|Rough Cut]]: The bridge, under construction, was used as a backdrop for a fight sequence and appeared in promotional images for the film

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="150">
File:Incheon Bridge under construction.jpg|main span of Incheon Bridge under construction
File:Incheon bridge (12).jpg|The cable stayed section
File:Incheon bridge 20091031 001.jpg|Road view approaching the cable-stayed section
File:Incheon bridge toll gate 20091031.jpg|The toll gate, on Yeongjong Island
File: Incheon bridge (1).jpg|Ongnyeon Bridge
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Incheon Bridge}}
* [http://www.incheonbridge.com/ Official Website] {{in lang|ko}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070515134002/http://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/incheon/ Roadtraffic Technology]
* {{Structurae|id=20015446|title=Incheon Bridge}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080723150449/http://www.dywidag-systems.com/references/bridges/incheon-bridge-seoul-south-korea.html  DYWIDAG Post-Tensioning System incorporated into Korea's largest bridge construction project]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cable-stayed bridges in South Korea]]
[[Category:Arch bridges in South Korea]]
[[Category:Bridges completed in 2009]]
[[Category:Songdo International Business District]]
[[Category:Toll bridges in South Korea]]
[[Category:Bridges in Incheon]]
[[Category:Cross-sea bridges in Asia]]