View source for Impeachment of Bill Clinton

{{Short description|1998 presidential impeachment proceedings against Bill Clinton}}
{{For|the trial in the U.S. Senate|Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2018}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox impeachment process
|  image          = Senate in session.jpg
|  image_size     = 300
|  caption        = Floor proceedings of the U.S. Senate during the trial of President [[Bill Clinton]] in 1999, [[William Rehnquist|Chief Justice William Rehnquist]] presiding
| start           = {{Start date|1998|12|19}},
| end             = {{End date|1999|2|12}}
| outcome         = Acquitted by the [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]], remained in office
| accusations     = Perjury (2), obstruction of justice, abuse of power
| cause           = Clinton's testimony denying that he had engaged in a [[Clinton–Lewinsky scandal|sexual relationship]] with [[Monica Lewinsky]] in a [[sexual harassment]] lawsuit filed against Clinton by [[Paula Jones]]; allegations made in the ''[[Starr Report]]''
| accused         = [[Bill Clinton]], 42nd [[President of the United States]]
| proponents      = {{plainlist|
* [[Newt Gingrich]] ([[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House of Representatives]])
* [[Dick Armey]] ([[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Majority Leader]])
* [[Tom DeLay]] ([[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives|House Majority Whip]])}}
| header_votes    = Congressional votes
| vote1           = Voting in the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]]
| accusation1     = Perjury{{\}}grand jury
| votes_favor1    = 228
| votes_against1  = 206
| result1         = Approved
| vote2           = 
| accusation2     = Perjury{{\}}Jones case
| votes_favor2    = 205
| votes_against2  = 229
| result2         = Rejected
| vote3           = 
| accusation3     = Obstruction of justice
| votes_favor3    = 221
| votes_against3  = 212
| result3         = Approved
| vote4           = 
| accusation4     = Abuse of power
| votes_favor4    = 148
| votes_against4  = 285
| result4         = Rejected
| vote5           = Voting in the [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]]
| accusation5     = Article I – perjury{{\}}grand jury
| votes_favor5    = 45 "guilty"
| votes_against5  = 55 "not guilty"
| result5         = Acquitted  (67 "guilty" votes necessary for a conviction)
| accusation6     = Article II – obstruction of justice
| votes_favor6    = 50 "guilty"
| votes_against6  = 50 "not guilty"
| result6         = Acquitted  (67 "guilty" votes necessary for a conviction)
}}
{{Bill Clinton series|expanded=Tenure}}

[[Bill Clinton]], the [[List of presidents of the United States|42nd]] [[president of the United States]], was [[Federal impeachment in the United States|impeached]] by the [[United States House of Representatives]] of the [[105th United States Congress]] on December 19, 1998. The House adopted two [[articles of impeachment]] against Clinton, with the specific charges against Clinton being [[perjury|lying under oath]] and [[obstruction of justice]]. Two other articles had been considered but were rejected by the House vote.

Clinton's impeachment came after [[Impeachment inquiry against Bill Clinton|a formal House inquiry]], which had been launched on October 8, 1998. The charges for which Clinton was impeached stemmed from a sexual harassment lawsuit filed against Clinton by [[Paula Jones]]. During pre-trial [[Discovery (law)|discovery]] in the lawsuit, Clinton gave testimony denying that he had engaged in a sexual relationship with White House intern [[Monica Lewinsky]]. The catalyst for the president's impeachment was the [[Starr Report]], a September 1998 report prepared by [[Ken Starr]], [[United States Office of the Independent Counsel|Independent Counsel]], for the [[United States House Committee on the Judiciary|House Judiciary Committee]]. The Starr Report included details outlining [[Clinton–Lewinsky scandal|a sexual relationship between Clinton and Lewinsky]].<ref>{{cite web| last=Glass| first=Andrew| title=House votes to impeach Clinton, Oct. 8, 1998| url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/10/08/house-votes-to-impeach-clinton-oct-8-1998-243550| date=October 8, 2017| work=[[Politico]]| access-date=June 12, 2019| archive-date=September 28, 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928144724/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/10/08/house-votes-to-impeach-clinton-oct-8-1998-243550/| url-status=live}}</ref> Clinton was the second American president to be impeached, the first being [[Andrew Johnson]], who was [[Impeachment of Andrew Johnson|impeached in 1868]].{{efn|Prior to Bill Clinton, the only other U.S. president aside from Andrew Johnson to be the subject of formal House impeachment proceedings was [[Richard Nixon]] [[Impeachment process against Richard Nixon|in 1973–74]], but he resigned from the presidency on August 9, 1974, before the House voted on his impeachment.<ref>{{cite web| author=<!-- History.com Editors; no by-line. -->| title=House begins impeachment of Nixon| url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/house-begins-impeachment-of-nixon| website=history.com| date=February 26, 2019| orig-year=Published November 24, 2009| publisher=A&E Television Networks| access-date=June 12, 2019}}</ref>}}

The approved articles of impeachment would be submitted to the [[United States Senate]] on January 7, 1999. A trial in the Senate then began, with [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]] [[William Rehnquist]] presiding. On February 12, Clinton was [[acquittal|acquitted]] on both counts as neither received the necessary [[supermajority|two-thirds majority vote]] of the senators present for conviction and removal from office—in this instance 67 votes were needed. On Article One, 45 senators voted to convict while 55 voted for acquittal. On Article Two, 50 senators voted to convict while 50 voted for acquittal.<ref name=WaPo02131999>{{cite news| last=Baker| first=Peter| title=The Senate Acquits President Clinton| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/impeach021399.htm| newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]| publisher=The Washington Post Co.| access-date=July 23, 2025| date=February 13, 1999| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110183732/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/impeach021399.htm|archive-date=November 10, 2013| url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Clinton remained in office for the remainder of his second term.<ref>{{cite web| website=millercenter.org| title=Bill Clinton: Domestic Affairs| last=Riley| first=Russell L.| date=October 4, 2016| url=https://millercenter.org/president/clinton/domestic-affairs| publisher=The Miller Center, University of Virginia| location=Charlottesville, Virginia| access-date=October 3, 2019| archive-date=September 28, 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928144729/https://millercenter.org/president/clinton/domestic-affairs/| url-status=live}}</ref>

== Background ==
{{Further|Paula Jones#Clinton v. Jones|Clinton–Lewinsky scandal|Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton}}

In 1994, [[Paula Jones]] filed a lawsuit accusing Clinton of [[sexual harassment]] when he was governor of Arkansas.<ref name="cvjtime">{{cite news |title=''Clinton v. Jones'' Timeline |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/pjones/timeline.htm |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=1997-07-04 |access-date=2019-12-15 |archive-date=February 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220151442/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/pjones/timeline.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Clinton attempted to delay a trial until after he left office, but in May 1997 the Supreme Court unanimously rejected Clinton's claim that the Constitution immunized him from civil lawsuits, and shortly thereafter the pre-trial discovery process commenced.<ref name="srntime">{{cite news |title=''The Starr Report'' Narrative Pt. VII |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/icreport/6narritvii.htm |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 1997 |access-date=2019-12-15 |archive-date=November 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191119221903/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/icreport/6narritvii.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

Separate from this, in January 1994, Attorney General [[Janet Reno]] appointed [[Robert B. Fiske]] as an [[Special prosecutor|Independent counsel]] to investigate the [[Whitewater controversy]].<ref name="guardian1"/> In August of that year, [[Ken Starr]] was appointed to replace Fiske in this role.<ref name="guardian1"/>

In 1997, the first effort in Congress to start an impeachment against Clinton was launched by [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] Congressman [[Bob Barr]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pace |first1=David |title=17 in House seek probe to impeach president |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/498562556 |website=Newspapers.com |publisher=The Record | agency=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=4 March 2021 |language=en |date=6 Nov 1997}}</ref>

In a January 17, 1998, sworn deposition, Clinton denied having a "sexual relationship", "sexual affair", or "sexual relations" with Lewinsky.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Starr |first1=Kenneth |title=The Starr Report Pt. XIV: The Deposition and Afterward |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/icreport/6narritxiv.htm |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=December 18, 2019 |archive-date=December 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220165724/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/icreport/6narritxiv.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> His lawyer, [[Robert S. Bennett]], stated with Clinton present that Lewinsky's affidavit showed there was no sex in any manner, shape or form between Clinton and Lewinsky. The ''Starr Report'' states that the following day, Clinton "coached" his secretary [[Betty Currie]] into repeating his denials should she be called to testify.

{{listen
|title=Remarks including response to Clinton–Lewinsky scandal (January 26, 1998)
|filename=Response to the Lewinsky Allegations (January 26, 1998) Bill Clinton.ogv
|description =[[Bill Clinton]] makes a presentation that ends with a short commentary on the [[Clinton–Lewinsky scandal]]. The presentation is known for the quote "I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky." (6:22)
|title2=Remarks including response to the Clinton–Lewinsky scandal (January 26, 1998)
|filename2=Response to the Lewinsky Allegations (1-26-98, WJC).ogg
|description2=audio-only version
|type=speech
|image=
}}

After rumors of the scandal reached the news, Clinton publicly said, "I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky."<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/whatclintonsaid.htm | title=What Clinton Said | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=September 2, 1998 | access-date=May 5, 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205040543/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/whatclintonsaid.htm | archive-date=February 5, 2012 | url-status=live }}</ref> But months later, Clinton admitted his relationship with Lewinsky was "wrong" and "not appropriate". Lewinsky engaged in [[oral sex]] with Clinton several times.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/clinton/lewinskydress.html | title=The Stained Blue Dress that Almost Lost a Presidency | work=University of Missouri-Kansas School of Law | access-date=July 10, 2008 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703015426/http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/clinton/lewinskydress.html | archive-date=July 3, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/story?id=4482242 | title=Hillary at White House on 'Stained Blue Dress' Day—Schules Reviewed by ABC Show Hillary May Have Been in the White House When the Fateful Act Was Committed | work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] | author=Ross, Brian | date=March 19, 1998 | access-date=July 10, 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619023844/https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/story?id=4482242 | archive-date=June 19, 2008 | url-status=live }}</ref>

One of Clinton's defenses against the charges was claiming his testimony had been dismissed in the Jones case because the judge had ruled it immaterial to her lawsuit. The media and other defenders picked up on this and reported this as fact. However, as noted in Hofstra Law Review citing Judge Wright's contempt ruling and referral to the Arkansas Bar for disbarment:

"Effectively taking judicial notice of the "immateriality" spin which
Clinton defenders had put on that ruling, Judge Wright later expressly
held that "contrary to numerous assertions, this Court did not rule that
evidence of the Lewinsky matter was irrelevant or immaterial to the issues
in plaintiff's case."' Judge Wright repeated "that such evidence
might have been relevant to plaintiff's case," probative to "'establish,
among other things, intent, absence of mistake, motive, and habit on the
part of the President."
<ref name="scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu">{{cite journal | url=http://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlr/vol28/iss2/7 | title=Clinton's Future: Can He Polish His Image and Keep His License to Practice Law? | journal=Hofstra Law Review | date=January 1999 | volume=28 | issue=2 | last1=Walpin | first1=Gerald }}</ref>
Jones vs Clinton 993 F. Supp. 1217, 1222 (E.D. Ark. 1998)
Judge Wright ruling
<ref name="scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu"/>

The ''Starr Report'' was released to Congress on September 9, 1998, and to the public on September 11.<ref name="guardian1">{{cite web |title=Clinton impeachment timeline |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/1998/nov/18/clinton.usa |website=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=1 March 2021 |language=en |date=18 November 1998}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Starr's report at a glance - September 11, 1998 |url=https://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/09/11/report.glance/ |website=www.cnn.com |publisher=[[CNN]]|agency= AllPolitics |access-date=1 March 2021 |date=11 September 1998}}</ref> In the report, Starr argued that there were eleven possible grounds for impeachment of Clinton, including [[perjury]], [[obstruction of justice]], [[witness tampering]], and [[abuse of power]]. The report also detailed explicit and graphic details of the sexual relationship between Clinton and Lewinsky.<ref name="guardian1"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Explosive Starr report outlines case for impeachment - September 11, 1998 |url=https://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/09/11/starr.report/ |website=www.cnn.com |publisher=[[CNN]]|agency= AllPolitics |access-date=1 March 2021 |date=11 September 1998}}</ref>

== Independent counsel investigation ==

The charges arose from an investigation by [[Ken Starr]], an [[United States Office of the Independent Counsel|Independent Counsel]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Erskine|first=Daniel H.|date=2008-01-01|title=The Trial of Queen Caroline and the Impeachment of President Clinton: Law As a Weapon for Political Reform|url=https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies/vol7/iss1/2|journal=Washington University Global Studies Law Review|volume=7|issue=1|pages=1–33|issn=1546-6981|access-date=December 6, 2019|archive-date=September 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928144750/https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies/vol7/iss1/2//|url-status=live}}</ref> With the approval of [[United States Attorney General]] [[Janet Reno]], Starr conducted a wide-ranging investigation of alleged abuses, including the [[Whitewater controversy]], [[White House travel office controversy|the firing of White House travel agents]], and the alleged misuse of FBI files. On January 12, 1998, [[Linda Tripp]], who had been working with Jones's lawyers, informed Starr that Lewinsky was preparing to commit perjury in the Jones case and had asked Tripp to do the same. She also said Clinton's friend [[Vernon Jordan]] was assisting Lewinsky. Based on the connection to Jordan, who was under scrutiny in the Whitewater probe, Starr obtained approval from Reno to expand his investigation into whether Lewinsky and others were breaking the law.

A much-quoted statement from Clinton's [[grand jury]] testimony showed him questioning the precise use of the word "is". Contending his statement that "there's nothing going on between us" had been truthful because he had no ongoing relationship with Lewinsky at the time he was questioned, Clinton said, "It depends upon what the meaning of the word 'is' is. If the—if he—if 'is' means is and never has been, that is not—that is one thing. If it means there is none, that was a completely true statement."<ref>{{cite web | title= Starr Report: Narrative | url= http://icreport.access.gpo.gov/report/6narrit.htm#N_1091_ | work= Nature of President Clinton's Relationship with Monica Lewinsky | publisher=[[United States Government Printing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]] | location= Washington, D.C. | date= May 19, 2004 | access-date= May 9, 2009 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20001203073600/http://icreport.access.gpo.gov/report/6narrit.htm#N_1091_ | archive-date= December 3, 2000 | df= mdy-all }}</ref> Starr obtained further evidence of inappropriate behavior by seizing the computer hard drive and email records of Monica Lewinsky. Based on the president's conflicting testimony, Starr concluded that Clinton had committed perjury. Starr submitted his findings to Congress in a lengthy document, the ''[[Starr Report]]'', which was released to the public via the Internet a few days later and included descriptions of encounters between Clinton and Lewinsky.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/US/9809/12/clinton.web/index.html |title=Starr report puts Internet into overdrive |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=September 12, 1998 |access-date=May 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070913155228/http://www.cnn.com/US/9809/12/clinton.web/index.html |archive-date=September 13, 2007 |url-status=live }}</ref> Starr was criticized by Democrats for spending $70&nbsp;million on the investigation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2002-03-07-0203070329-story.html |title=Report ends chapter of Clinton era |website=[[Chicago Tribune]] |date=March 7, 2002 |access-date=January 13, 2020 |archive-date=September 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928144803/https://www.chicagotribune.com// |url-status=live }}</ref>  Critics of Starr also contend that his investigation was highly politicized because it regularly leaked tidbits of information to the press in violation of legal ethics, and because his report included lengthy descriptions which were humiliating and irrelevant to the legal case.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/NEWS+LEAKS+PROMPT+LAWYER+TO+SEEK+SANCTIONS+AGAINST+STARR'S...-a083810333 |title=News leaks prompt lawyer to seek sanctions against Starr's Office |publisher=Thefreelibrary.com |access-date=May 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111228020715/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/NEWS+LEAKS+PROMPT+LAWYER+TO+SEEK+SANCTIONS+AGAINST+STARR'S...-a083810333 |archive-date=December 28, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/joseph-a-palermo/the-starr-report-how-to-_b_71821.html |title=The Starr Report: How To Impeach A President (Repeat) |work=[[HuffPost]] |access-date=May 23, 2011 |date=March 28, 2008 |first=Joseph A. |last=Palermo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214124242/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joseph-a-palermo/the-starr-report-how-to-_b_71821.html |archive-date=February 14, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Impeachment inquiry by the House Committee on the Judiciary ==
{{main|Impeachment inquiry into Bill Clinton}}

On October 8, 1998, the United States House of Representatives voted to authorize a broad [[Impeachment inquiry in the United States|impeachment inquiry]], thereby initiating the impeachment process.<ref>{{cite web |title=President Clinton impeached |url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/president-clinton-impeached |website=history.com |date=January 13, 2021 |orig-year=November 24, 2009 |publisher=A&E Television Networks |access-date=February 27, 2021}}</ref> The Republican controlled House of Representatives had decided this with a bipartisan vote of 258–176, with 31 Democrats joining Republicans.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/10/08/impeachment.advancer/ |title=House approves impeachment inquiry |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=October 8, 1998 |access-date=December 5, 2019 |archive-date=September 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928144820/https://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/10/08/impeachment.advancer// |url-status=live }}</ref> Since Ken Starr had already completed an extensive investigation, the [[House Judiciary Committee]] conducted no investigations of its own into Clinton's alleged wrongdoing and held no serious impeachment-related hearings before the 1998 midterm elections.{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} Impeachment was one of the major issues in those elections.{{citation needed|date=February 2021}}

In the [[1998 United States House of Representatives elections|November 1998 House elections]], the Democrats picked up five seats in the House, but the Republicans still maintained majority control. The results went against what [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|House Speaker]] [[Newt Gingrich]] predicted, who, before the election, had been reassured by private polling that Clinton's scandal would result in Republican gains of up to thirty House seats. Shortly after the elections, Gingrich, who had been one of the leading advocates for impeachment, announced he would resign from Congress as soon as he was able to find somebody to fill his vacant seat;<ref>{{cite magazine | url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,989559,00.html | magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] | title=Fall Of The House Of Newt | date=November 16, 1998 | access-date=May 5, 2010 | first1=Nancy | last1=Gibbs | first2=Michael | last2=Duffy | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821035730/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,989559,00.html | archive-date=August 21, 2010 | url-status=dead }}{{subscription required}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Jake |last=Tapper |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/story?id=2937633&page=1 |title=Gingrich Admits to Affair During Clinton Impeachment |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=March 9, 2007 |access-date=May 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301045208/http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/story?id=2937633&page=1 |archive-date=March 1, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Gingrich fulfilled this pledge, and officially resigned from Congress on January 3, 1999.<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=u6VAAAAAIBAJ&pg=4793,3174090|title = Special election set to replace Gingrich|date = Jan 5, 1999|work= Ocala Star-Banner|via = Google News archive|access-date = October 22, 2020|archive-date = January 14, 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210114193028/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=u6VAAAAAIBAJ&pg=4793%2C3174090|url-status = live}}</ref>

Impeachment proceedings were held during the post-election, "[[lame duck session|lame duck]]" session of the outgoing [[105th United States Congress]]. Unlike the case of the 1974 [[impeachment process against Richard Nixon]], the committee hearings were perfunctory but the floor debate in the whole House was spirited on both sides. The [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker-designate]], Representative [[Bob Livingston]], chosen by the Republican Party Conference to replace Gingrich as House Speaker, announced the end of his candidacy for Speaker and his resignation from Congress from the floor of the House after his own marital infidelity came to light.<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{cite news|last=Kurtz|first=Howard|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/flynt121998.htm|title=Larry Flynt, Investigative Pornographer|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000816174221/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/flynt121998.htm |archive-date=August 16, 2000|work=The Washington Post|date=December 19, 1998|page=C01|access-date=July 23, 2025}}</ref>
In the same speech, Livingston also encouraged Clinton to resign. Clinton chose to remain in office and urged Livingston to reconsider his resignation.<ref>{{cite news | title= Livingston bows out of the speakership | url= http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/12/19/livingston.quits/ | first= Jonathan | last= Karl  | publisher=[[CNN]] | date= December 19, 1998 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20000818000822/http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/12/19/livingston.quits/ | archive-date= August 18, 2000 | access-date=July 23, 2025|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Many other prominent Republican members of Congress (including [[Dan Burton]],<ref name="washingtonpost.com"/> [[Helen Chenoweth]],<ref name="washingtonpost.com"/> and [[Henry Hyde]],<ref name="washingtonpost.com"/> the chief House manager of Clinton's trial in the Senate) had infidelities exposed about this time, all of whom voted for impeachment. Publisher [[Larry Flynt]] offered a reward for such information, and many supporters of Clinton accused Republicans of hypocrisy.<ref name="washingtonpost.com"/>

== Impeachment by House of Representatives ==
[[File:December 18 1998 house session c span program.136261.MP4D20.webm|thumb|December 18, 1998: The House continued debate on four [[articles of impeachment]] against President Clinton for perjury, obstruction of justice and abuse of power.]]

On December 11, 1998, the House Judiciary Committee agreed to send four [[articles of impeachment]] to the full House for consideration. The vote on two articles, [[grand jury]] [[perjury]] and [[obstruction of justice]], was 21–17, both along party lines. On the other, perjury in the Paula Jones case, the committee voted 20–18, with Republican [[Lindsey Graham]] joining with Democrats, in order to give President Clinton "the legal benefit of the doubt".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/12/11/impeachment.01/|title=Judiciary approves three articles of impeachment|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=December 11, 1998|access-date=December 13, 2019}}</ref> The next day, December 12, the committee agreed to send a fourth and final article, for [[abuse of power]], to the full House by a 21–17 vote, again, along party lines.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/12/12/impeachment.02/|title=Judiciary Committee wraps up case against Clinton|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=December 12, 1998|access-date=December 13, 2019}}</ref>

Although proceedings were delayed due to the [[Bombing of Iraq (1998)#Distraction from Clinton impeachment scandal|bombing of Iraq]], on the passage of H. Res. 611, Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives on December 19, 1998, on grounds of perjury to a grand jury (first article, 228–206)<ref name=ai>{{cite web | author = Miller, Lorraine C. | title = Final vote results for roll call 543 | publisher = Office of the Clerk | date = December 19, 1998 | url = http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1998/roll543.xml | access-date = April 20, 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100106230404/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1998/roll543.xml | archive-date = January 6, 2010 | url-status = live }}</ref> and obstruction of justice (third article, 221–212).<ref name=aiii>{{cite web | author = Miller, Lorraine C. | title = Final vote results for roll call 545 | publisher = Office of the Clerk | date = December 19, 1998 | url = http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1998/roll545.xml | access-date = April 20, 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100302015416/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1998/roll545.xml | archive-date = March 2, 2010 | url-status = live }}</ref> The two other articles were rejected, the count of perjury in the Jones case (second article, 205–229)<ref name=aii>{{cite web | author = Miller, Lorraine C. | title = Final vote results for roll call 544 | publisher = Office of the Clerk | date = December 19, 1998 | url = http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1998/roll544.xml | access-date = April 20, 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100302015411/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1998/roll544.xml | archive-date = March 2, 2010 | url-status = live }}</ref> and abuse of power (fourth article, 148–285).<ref name=aiv>{{cite web | author = Miller, Lorraine C. | title = Final vote results for roll call 546 | publisher = Office of the Clerk | date = December 19, 1998 | url = http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1998/roll546.xml | access-date = April 20, 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100302014855/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1998/roll546.xml | archive-date = March 2, 2010 | url-status = live }}</ref> Clinton thus became the second U.S. president to be impeached; the first, [[Andrew Johnson]], was [[impeachment of Andrew Johnson|impeached in 1868]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Silverstein |first=Jason |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-have-presidents-been-impeached-for-these-were-the-articles-of-impeachment-johnson-nixon-and-clinton/ |title=Impeached presidents: What have presidents been impeached for? Here are the articles for Bill Clinton, Richard Nixon and Andrew Johnson |work=[[CBS News]] |date=November 15, 2019 |access-date=December 5, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| title=How Many US Presidents Have Faced Impeachment?| last=Roos| first=David| date=November 1, 2019| url=https://www.history.com/.amp/news/how-many-presidents-impeached| website=history.com| publisher=A&E Television Networks| access-date=November 12, 2019}}</ref> The only other previous U.S. president to be the subject of formal House impeachment proceedings was [[impeachment process against Richard Nixon|Richard Nixon in 1973–74]]. The Judiciary Committee agreed to a resolution containing three articles of impeachment in July 1974, but [[Richard Nixon|Nixon]] resigned from office soon thereafter, before the House took up the resolution.<ref name=CRS98-763>{{Congressional Research Service|article = Congressional Resolutions on Presidential Impeachment: A Historical Overview|url = https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc819397/m2/1/high_res_d/98-763_1998Sep16.pdf|author = Stephen W. Stathis and David C. Huckabee|accessdate = December 23, 2019}} – via University of North Texas Libraries, Digital Library, UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=5 style="background:#f5f5f5" | [https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/house-resolution/611/text H. Res. 611] – Impeaching President Bill Clinton<br>December 19, 1998
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! rowspan=2 | First article<br>(perjury{{\}}grand jury)
! colspan=3 | Party
! rowspan=2 | Total votes<ref name=ai />
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! style="background:#b0ceff;"| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! style="background:#ffb6b6;"| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! style="background:#dddddd;"| [[Independent politician|Independent]]
|-
| style="width: 11em; background:#F5F5F5" | '''Yea'''{{nbsp}}{{check mark|color=black|14}}
| style="width: 8em;" | '''{{0|00}}5'''
| style="width: 8em;" | '''223'''
| style="width: 8em;" | '''{{0|00}}0'''
| style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5" | '''228'''
|-
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | Nay
| 200
| {{0|00}}5
| {{0|00}}1
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | 206
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! rowspan=2 | Second article<br>(perjury{{\}}Jones case)
! colspan=3 | Party
! rowspan=2 | Total votes<ref name=aii />
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! style="background:#b0ceff;"| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! style="background:#ffb6b6;"| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! style="background:#dddddd;"| [[Independent politician|Independent]]
|-
| style="width: 11em; background:#F5F5F5" | Yea
| style="width: 8em;" | {{0|00}}5
| style="width: 8em;" | 200
| style="width: 8em;" | {{0|00}}0
| style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5" | 205
|-
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | '''Nay'''{{nbsp}}{{check mark|color=black|14}}
| '''200'''
| '''{{0|0}}28'''
| '''{{0|00}}1'''
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | '''229'''
|-
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! rowspan=2 | Third article<br>(obstruction of justice)
! colspan=3 | Party
! rowspan=2 | Total votes<ref name=aiii />
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! style="background:#b0ceff;"| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! style="background:#ffb6b6;"| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! style="background:#dddddd;"| [[Independent politician|Independent]]
|-
| style="width: 11em; background:#F5F5F5" | '''Yea'''{{nbsp}}{{check mark|color=black|14}}
| style="width: 8em;" | '''{{0|00}}5'''
| style="width: 8em;" | '''216'''
| style="width: 8em;" | '''{{0|00}}0'''
| style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5" | '''221'''
|-
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | Nay
| 199
| {{0|0}}12
| {{0|00}}1
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | 212
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! rowspan=2 | Fourth article<br>(abuse of power)
! colspan=3 | Party
! rowspan=2 | Total votes<ref name=aiv />
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! style="background:#b0ceff;"| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! style="background:#ffb6b6;"| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! style="background:#dddddd;"| [[Independent politician|Independent]]
|-
| style="width: 11em; background:#F5F5F5" | Yea
| style="width: 8em;" | {{0|00}}1
| style="width: 8em;" | 147
| style="width: 8em;" | {{0|00}}0
| style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5" | 148
|-
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | '''Nay'''{{nbsp}}{{check mark|color=black|14}}
| '''203'''
| '''{{0|0}}81'''
| '''{{0|00}}1'''
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | '''285'''
|}

Five Democrats ([[Virgil Goode]], [[Ralph Hall]], [[Paul McHale]], [[Charles Stenholm]] and [[Gene Taylor (Mississippi politician)|Gene Taylor]]) voted for the first three articles of impeachment, but only Taylor voted for the abuse of power charge. Five Republicans ([[Amo Houghton]], [[Peter T. King|Peter King]], [[Connie Morella]], [[Chris Shays]] and [[Mark Souder]]) voted against the first perjury charge. Eight more Republicans ([[Sherwood Boehlert]], [[Michael Castle]], [[Phil English]], [[Nancy Johnson]], [[Jay Kim]], [[Jim Leach]], [[John M. McHugh|John McHugh]] and [[Ralph Regula]]), but not Souder, voted against the obstruction charge. Twenty-eight Republicans voted against the second perjury charge, sending it to defeat, and eighty-one voted against the abuse of power charge.

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Votes by member
|-
! rowspan=2 | District
! rowspan=2 |  Member
! rowspan=2 | Party
! colspan=11 | Votes on proposed articles
|-
! 1st<br>(perjury/grand jury)<br><ref>{{cite web |title=Roll Call 543 Roll Call 543, Bill Number: H. Res. 611, 105th Congress, 2nd Session |url=https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/1998543 |website=Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives |access-date=22 June 2023 |language=en |date=19 December 1998}}</ref>
! 2nd<br>(perjury/Jones case)<br><ref>{{cite web |title=Roll Call 544 Roll Call 544, Bill Number: H. Res. 611, 105th Congress, 2nd Session |url=https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/1998544 |website=Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives |date=December 19, 1998 |access-date=22 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
! 3rd<br>(obstruction of justice)<br><ref>{{cite web |title=Roll Call 545 Roll Call 545, Bill Number: H. Res. 611, 105th Congress, 2nd Session |url=https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/1998545 |website=Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives |date=December 19, 1998 |access-date=22 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
! 4th<br>(abuse of power)<br><ref>{{cite web |title=Roll Call 546 Roll Call 547, Bill Number: H. Res. 611, 105th Congress, 2nd Session |url=https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/1998546 |website=Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives |date=December 19, 1998 |access-date=22 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| {{ushr|HI|1|X}}
| data-sort-value="Abercrombie, Neil" | '''[[Neil Abercrombie]]'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|5|X}}
| data-sort-value="Ackerman, Gary" | '''[[Gary Ackerman]]'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AL|4|X}}
| data-sort-value="Aderholt, Robert" | '''[[Robert Aderholt]]'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|ME|1|X}}
| data-sort-value="Allen, Tom" | '''[[Tom Allen (Maine politician)|Tom Allen]]'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background-color:#C0C0C0;" | Did not vote || style="background-color:#C0C0C0;" | Did not vote
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|1|X}}
| data-sort-value="Andrews, Rob" | '''[[Rob Andrews]]'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|7|X}}
| data-sort-value="Archer, Bill" | '''[[Bill Archer]]'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|26|X}}
| data-sort-value="Armey, Dick" | '''[[Dick Armey]]'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AL|6|X}}
| data-sort-value="Bachus, Spencer" | '''[[Spencer Bachus]]'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|KY|6|X}}
| '''{{sortname|Scotty|Baesler}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|LA|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Richard|Baker|Richard Baker (American politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|ME|2|X}}
| '''{{sortname|John|Baldacci}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NC|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Cass|Ballenger}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MI|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|James A.|Barcia}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|GA|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Barr}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NE|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Barrett}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WI|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Barrett|Tom Barrett (Wisconsin politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MD|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Roscoe|Bartlett}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joe|Barton}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NH|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Charles|Bass}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Herb|Bateman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|30|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Xavier|Becerra}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|25|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ken|Bentsen}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NE|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Doug|Bereuter}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|26|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Howard|Berman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AR|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Marion|Berry}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|49|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Brian|Bilbray}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Michael| Bilirakis}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|GA|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sanford|Bishop}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rod|Blagojevich}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Thomas J.|Bliley Jr.}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|FL|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Michael| Bilirakis}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OR|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Earl|Blumenauer}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MO|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Roy|Blunt}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NY|23|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sherwood|Boehlert}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea ||  style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Boehner}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|23|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Henry|Bonilla}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|David|Bonior}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|44|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mary|Bono}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|PA|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Robert|Borski}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IA|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Leonard|Boswell}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rick|Boucher}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Allen|Boyd}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Brady}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Kevin|Brady}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|42|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|George|Brown Jr.}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sherrod|Brown}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TN|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ed|Bryant}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|KY|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Bunning}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NC|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Richard|Burr}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IN|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dan|Burton}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IN|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Steve|Buyer}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AL|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sonny|Callahan}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|43|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ken|Calvert}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MI|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dave|Camp}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|15|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Campbell|Tom Campbell (California politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Charles|Canady}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|UT|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Chris|Cannon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|22|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lois|Capps}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MD|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ben|Cardin}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IN|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Julia|Carson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|DE|AL|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mike|Castle}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Steve|Chabot}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|GA|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Saxby|Chambliss}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|ID|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Helen|Chenoweth}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NE|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jon|Christensen|Jon Christensen (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MI|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Clay}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NC|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Eva|Clayton}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TN|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Clement}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|SC|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Clyburn}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NC|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Howard|Coble}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OK|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Coburn}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|GA|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mac|Collins}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|19|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Larry|Combest}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|18|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Gary|Condit}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Conyers}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|UT|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Merrill|Cook}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|LA|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Cooksey}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IL|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jerry|Costello}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|47|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Christopher|Cox}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|PA|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|William J.|Coyne}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AL|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bud|Cramer}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Phil|Crane}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|ID|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mike|Crapo}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WY|AL|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Barbara|Cubin}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MD|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Elijah|Cummings}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|51|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Duke|Cunningham}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MO|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Pat|Danner}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Davis|Jim Davis (Florida politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Danny K.|Davis}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Davis|Tom Davis (Virginia politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|GA|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Nathan|Deal}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OR|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Peter|DeFazio}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CO|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Diana|DeGette}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MA|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Delahunt}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CT|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rosa|DeLauro}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|22|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|DeLay}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|FL|20|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Peter|Deutsch}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|21|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lincoln|Díaz-Balart}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AR|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jay|Dickey}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WA|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Norm|Dicks}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|16|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Dingell}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|32|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Julian|Dixon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lloyd|Doggett}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|20|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Cal|Dooley}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Doolittle}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|PA|18|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mike|Doyle|Mike Doyle (American politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|28|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|David|Dreier}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TN|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jimmy|Duncan|Jimmy Duncan (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WA|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jennifer|Dunn}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Chet|Edwards}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Vern|Ehlers}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MD|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Ehrlich}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MO|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jo Ann|Emerson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|17|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Eliot|Engel}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|21|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Phil|English}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NV|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Ensign}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Anna|Eshoo}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NC|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Etheridge}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|17|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lane|Evans}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AL|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Terry|Everett}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IL|15|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Ewing}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|17|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sam|Farr}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Chaka|Fattah}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Harris|Fawell}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Vic|Fazio}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|50|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Filner}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|16|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mark|Foley}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Michael|Forbes|dab=politician}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TN|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Harold|Ford Jr.}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Vito|Fossella}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tillie|Fowler}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|PA|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jon D.|Fox}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Barney|Frank}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Franks}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rodney|Frelinghuysen}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|24|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Martin|Frost}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OR|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Elizabeth|Furse}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|23|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Elton|Gallegly}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Greg|Ganske}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CT|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sam|Gejdenson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|17|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|George|Gekas}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MO|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dick|Gephardt}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NV|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Gibbons|Jim Gibbons (American politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MD|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Wayne|Gilchrest}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Paul|Gillmor}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|20|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Benjamin|Gilman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|GA|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Newt|Gingrich}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|20|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Henry B.|González}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Virgil|Goode}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Goodlatte}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|PA|19|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Goodling}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TN|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bart|Gordon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Porter|Goss}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|SC|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lindsey|Graham}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Kay|Granger}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|29|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Gene|Greene}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Greenwood|Jim Greenwood (American politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay 
|-
| {{ushr|IL|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Luis|Gutiérrez}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MN|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Gil|Gutknecht}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OH|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tony P.|Hall}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ralph|Hall}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IN|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lee|Hamilton}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|UT|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Hansen|Jim Hansen (Utah politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|36|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jane|Harman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dennis|Hastert}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|FL|23|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Alcee|Hastings}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Doc|Hastings}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AZ|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|J. D.|Hayworth}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CO|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joel|Hefley}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NC|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Hefner}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Wally|Herger}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MT|AL|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rick|Hill}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TN|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Van|Hilleary}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AL|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Earl|Hilliard Sr.}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|26|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Maurice|Hinchey}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|15|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rubén|Hinojosa}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dave|Hobson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Pete|Hoekstra}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|PA|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tim|Holden}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OR|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Darlene|Hooley}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|38|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Steve|Horn}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IN|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Hostettler}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NY|31|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Amo|Houghton}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MD|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Steny|Hoyer}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MO|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Kenny|Hulshof}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|52|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Duncan L.|Hunter}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AR|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Asa|Hutchinson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IL|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Henry|Hyde}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|SC|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Inglis}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OK|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ernest|Istook}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IL|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jesse|Jackson Jr.}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|18|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sheila|Jackson Lee}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|LA|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|William|Jefferson|William Jefferson (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TN|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Jenkins|Bill Jenkins (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|LA|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Chris|John|Chris John (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CT|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Nancy|Johnson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WI|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jay|Johnson|Jay Johnson (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|30|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Eddie Bernice|Johnson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sam|Johnson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NC|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Walter B.|Jones Jr.}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|PA|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Paul|Kanjorski}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Marcy|Kaptur}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Kasich}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|19|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sue|Kelly}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MA|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joseph P.|Kennedy II}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|RI|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Patrick J.|Kennedy}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CT|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Barbara B.|Kennelly}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dale|Kildee}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|15|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Carolyn Cheeks|Kilpatrick}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|41|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jay|Kim}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WI|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ron|Kind}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|- 
| {{ushr|NY|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Peter|King|Peter King (American politician)}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|GA|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jack|Kingston}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WI|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jerry|Kleczka}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|- 
| {{ushr|PA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ron|Klink}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|- 
| {{ushr|WI|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Scott|Klug}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joe|Knollenberg}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AZ|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Kolbe}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|- 
| {{ushr|OH|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dennis|Kucinich}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|- 
| {{ushr|NY|29|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|LaFalce}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|18|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ray|LaHood}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Nick|Lampson}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Lantos}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OK|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Steve|Largent}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IA|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Latham|Tom Latham (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|19|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Steve|LaTourette}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rick|Lazio}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IA|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Leach}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Barbara|Lee}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sander|Levin}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|40|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jerry|Lewis|Jerry Lewis (California politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|GA|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Lewis}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|KY|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ron|Lewis}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|GA|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Linder}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IL|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Lipinski}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|LA|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Livingston}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Frank|LoBiondo}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|16|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Zoe|Lofgren}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|18|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Nita|Lowey}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OK|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Frank|Lucas|Frank Lucas (Oklahoma politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MN|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Luther}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CT|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|James H.|Maloney}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Carolyn|Maloney}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tomas|Manton|Thomas Manton (politician)}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|16|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Don|Manzullo}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MA|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ed|Markey}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|31|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Matthew G.|Martínez}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|20|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Frank|Mascara}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Matsui}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MO|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Karen|McCarthy}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Carolyn|McCarthy}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|McCollum}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|LA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|McCrery}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joseph M.|McDade}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WA|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|McDermott}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MA|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|McGovern|Jim McGovern (American politician)}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|15|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Paul|McHale}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|24|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John M.|McHugh}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea  || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CO|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Scott|McInnis}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IN|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|David|McIntosh|David McIntosh (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NC|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mike|McIntyre}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|25|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Buck|McKeon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|GA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Cynthia|McKinney}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|21|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Michael|McNulty}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Marty|Meehan}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|17|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Carrie|Meek}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Gregory|Meeks}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Menendez}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WA|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jack|Metcalf|Jack Metcalf (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|Fl|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Mica}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|37|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Juanita|Millender-McDonald}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|George|Miller|George Miller (California politician)}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background-color:#C0C0C0;" | Did not vote || style="background-color:#C0C0C0;" | Did not vote || style="background-color:#C0C0C0;" | Did not vote || style="background-color:#C0C0C0;" | Did not vote
|-
| {{ushr|Fl|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dan|Miller|Dan Miller (Florida politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MN|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|David|Minge}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|HI|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Patsy|Mink}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MA|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joe|Moakley}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WV|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Alan|Mollohan}}''' 
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|KS|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jerry|Moran}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Moran}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MD|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Connie|Morella}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Murtha}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NC|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sue|Myrick}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NY|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jerry|Nadler}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MA|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Richard|Neal}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WA|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|George|Nethercutt}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WI|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mark|Neumann}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OH|18|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Ney}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|KY|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Anne|Northup}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|GA|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Charlie|Norwood}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IA|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Nussle}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MI|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Oberstar}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WI|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dave|Obey}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MA|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Olver}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|27|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Solomon|Ortiz}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Major|Owens}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mike|Oxley}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|48|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ron|Packard}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Frank|Pallone}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mike|Pappas}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MO|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Michael|Parker|Michael Parker (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Pascrell}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AZ|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ed|Pastor}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ron|Paul}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|27|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Paxon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Donald M.|Payne}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IN|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ed|Pease}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Nancy|Pelosi}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MN|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Collin|Peterson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Peterson|John Peterson (Pennsylvania politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WI|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Petri}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MO|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Chip|Pickering}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|VA|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Owen B.|Pickett}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|16|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joe|Pitts|Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Richard|Pombo}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|ND|AL|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Earl|Pomeroy}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Porter|John Porter (Illinois politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rob|Portman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|19|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Glenn|Poshard}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NC|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|David|Price|David Price (American politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|15|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Deborah|Pryce}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|30|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jack|Quinn|Jack Quinn (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|19|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|George|Radanovich}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WV|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Nick|Rahall}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MN|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Ramstad}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|15|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Charles|Rangel}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NM|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Redmond}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OH|16|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ralph|Regula}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|16|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Silvestre|Reyes}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Frank|Riggs}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AL|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Riley}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MI|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lynn|Rivers}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|28|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ciro|Rodriguez}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IN|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tim|Roemer}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|27|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|James E.|Rogan}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|KY|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Hal|Rogers}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|45|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dana|Rohrabacher}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|FL|18|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ileana|Ros-Lehtinen}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Steve|Rothman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Marge|Roukema}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|33|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lucille|Roybal-Allard}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|39|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ed|Royce|Ed Royce (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IL|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bobby|Rush}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|KS|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Ryun}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MN|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Martin|Olav Sabo}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AZ|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Matt|Salmon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|46|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Loretta|Sanchez}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VT|AL|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bernie|Sanders}}'''
| {{Party shading/Independent}} | {{center|I}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Max|Sandlin}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|SC|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mark|Sanford}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OH|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Tom|Sawyer|Tom Sawyer (Ohio politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Saxton}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joe| Scarborough}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CO|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Daniel|Schaefer}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CO|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Schaffer}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NY|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Chuck|Schumer}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bobby|Scott|Bobby Scott (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WI|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Sensenbrenner}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NY|16|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|José E.|Serrano}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Pete|Sessions}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AZ|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Shadegg}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|22|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Clay|Shaw|Clay Shaw (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CT|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Chris|Shays}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|14|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Brad|Sherman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|20|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Shimkus}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|PA|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bud|Shuster}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Norman|Sisisky}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CO|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|David|Skaggs}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NM|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Joe|Skeen}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MO|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ike|Skelton}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|28|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Louise|Slaughter}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Nick|Smith|Nick Smith (American politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NJ|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Chris|Smith|Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|OR|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Smith|Bob Smith (Oregon politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|21|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lamar|Smith}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WA|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Adam|Smith|Adam Smith (Washington politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WA|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Linda|Smith|Linda Smith (American politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|KS|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Vince|Snowbarger}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|AR|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Vic|Snyder}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|22|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Gerald|Solomon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|IN|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mark|Souder}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|SC|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Floyd|Spence}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|SC|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Spratt}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Debbie|Stabenow}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Pete|Stark}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Cliff|Stearns}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TX|17|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Charles|Stenholm}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Louis|Stokes}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ted|Strickland}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AZ|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Stump}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MI|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Stupak}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NH|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John E.|Sununu}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MO|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Talent}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|TN|8|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Tanner|John Tanner (Tennessee politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ellen|Tauscher}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|LA|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Billy|Tauzin}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MS|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Gene|Taylor|Gene Taylor (Mississippi politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NC|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Charles|Taylor|Charles Taylor (North Carolina politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|21|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Thomas}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MS|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bennie|Thompson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|13|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mac|Thornberry}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|SD|AL|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John|Thune}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|5|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Karen|Thurman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|KS|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Todd|Tiahrt}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|MA|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|John F.|Tierney}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|CA|34|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Esteban|Torres}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Edolphus|Towns}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OH|17|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|James|Traficant}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TX|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jim|Turner|Jim Turner (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MI|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Fred|Upton}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Nydia|Velázquez}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MN|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bruce|Vento}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IN|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Pete|Visclosky}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|NY|25|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|James T.|Walsh}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|TN|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Zach|Wamp}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|35|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Maxine|Waters}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OK|3|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Wes|Watkins}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NC|12|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Mel|Watt}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|OK|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|J. C.|Watts}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|29|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Henry|Waxman}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|FL|15|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Dave|Weldon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|PA|7|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Curt|Weldon}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|11|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Jerry|Weller}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|19|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Robert|Wexler}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|RI|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Robert|Weygand}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|WA|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Rick|White|Rick White (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|KY|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Ed|Whitfield}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MS|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Roger|Wicker}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|NM|1|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Heather|Wilson}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|WV|2|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bob|Wise}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|VA|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Frank|Wolf|Frank Wolf (politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|CA|6|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Lynn|Woolsey}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|MD|4|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Albert|Wynn}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|IL|9|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Sidney R.|Yates}}'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | {{center|D}}
| style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay || style="background:#ffdd88" |Nay
|-
| {{ushr|AK|AL|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Don|Young}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
| {{ushr|FL|10|X}}
| '''{{Sortname|Bill|Young|Bill Young (Florida politician)}}'''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | {{center|R}}
| Yea || Yea || Yea || Yea
|-
|}

== Articles referred to Senate ==

Article I, charging Clinton with perjury, alleged in part that:

{{blockquote|On August 17, 1998, William Jefferson Clinton swore to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth before a federal grand jury of the United States. Contrary to that oath, William Jefferson Clinton willfully provided perjurious, false and misleading testimony to the grand jury concerning one or more of the following:
# the nature and details of his relationship with a subordinate government employee;
# prior perjurious, false and misleading testimony he gave in a federal civil rights action brought against him;
# prior false and misleading statements he allowed his attorney to make to a federal judge in that civil rights action; and
# his corrupt efforts to influence the testimony of witnesses and to impede the discovery of evidence in that civil rights action.<ref name=HDoc109153>{{Include-USGov|agency=United States House of Representatives|article=A History of the Committee on the Judiciary 1813–2006, Section II–Jurisdictions History of the Judiciary Committee: Impeachment|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CDOC-109hdoc153/pdf/GPO-CDOC-109hdoc153-3-1.pdf|comment=H. Doc. 109-153|accessdate=December 23, 2019}}</ref><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/articles122098.htm#full1 Text of Article I] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216210629/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/articles122098.htm#full1 |date=December 16, 2017 }} Washington Post December 20, 1998</ref>}}

Article II, charging Clinton with obstruction of justice alleged in part that:

{{blockquote|The means used to implement this course of conduct or scheme included one or more of the following acts:
#...{{nbsp}}corruptly encouraged a witness in a Federal civil rights action brought against him to execute a sworn affidavit in that proceeding that he knew to be perjurious, false and misleading.
#...{{nbsp}}corruptly encouraged a witness in a Federal civil rights action brought against him to give perjurious, false and misleading testimony if and when called to testify personally in that proceeding.
#...{{nbsp}}corruptly engaged in, encouraged, or supported a scheme to conceal evidence that had been subpoenaed in a Federal civil rights action brought against him.
#...{{nbsp}}intensified and succeeded in an effort to secure job assistance to a witness in a Federal civil rights action brought against him in order to corruptly prevent the truthful testimony of that witness in that proceeding at a time when the truthful testimony of that witness would have been harmful to him.
#...{{nbsp}}at his deposition in a Federal civil rights action brought against him, William Jefferson Clinton corruptly allowed his attorney to make false and misleading statements to a Federal judge characterizing an affidavit, in order to prevent questioning deemed relevant by the judge. Such false and misleading statements were subsequently acknowledged by his attorney in a communication to that judge.
#...{{nbsp}}related a false and misleading account of events relevant to a Federal civil rights action brought against him to a potential witness in that proceeding, in order to corruptly influence the testimony of that witness.
#...{{nbsp}}made false and misleading statements to potential witnesses in a Federal grand jury proceeding in order to corruptly influence the testimony of those witnesses. The false and misleading statements made by William Jefferson Clinton were repeated by the witnesses to the grand jury, causing the grand jury to receive false and misleading information.<ref name=HDoc109153/><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/articles122098.htm#full3 Text of Article IIII] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216210629/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/articles122098.htm#full3 |date=December 16, 2017 }} Washington Post December 20, 1998</ref>}}

== Senate trial ==
{{main|Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton}}
[[File:Tickets for Bill Clinton’s impeachment trial.jpg|thumb|upright=.90|Tickets dated January 14 and 15, 1999, for President Bill Clinton's impeachment trial that were given to former President [[Gerald Ford]]]]

=== Preparation ===
Between December 20 and January 5, Republican and Democratic Senate leaders negotiated about the pending trial.<ref name="LATimeslookback">{{cite web |last1=Wire |first1=Sarah D. |title=A look back at how Clinton's impeachment trial unfolded |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-01-16/a-look-back-at-how-clintons-impeachment-trial-unfolded |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=27 February 2021 |date=16 January 2020}}</ref> There was some discussion about the possibility of [[censuring]] Clinton instead of holding a trial.<ref name="LATimeslookback"/> Disagreement arose as to whether to call witnesses. This decision would ultimately not be made until after the opening arguments from the House impeachment managers and the White House defense team.<ref name="LATimeslookback"/> On January 5, the Republican [[Party leaders of the United States Senate|Majority Leader]] [[Trent Lott]], announced that the trial would start on January 7.<ref name="LATimeslookback"/>

===Officers===
Thirteen House Republicans from the Judiciary Committee served as "managers", the equivalent of prosecutors: [[Henry Hyde]] (chairman), [[Jim Sensenbrenner]], [[Bill McCollum]], [[George Gekas]], [[Charles Canady]], [[Steve Buyer]], [[Ed Bryant]], [[Steve Chabot]], [[Bob Barr]], [[Asa Hutchinson]], [[Chris Cannon]], [[James E. Rogan]] and Lindsey Graham.<ref>{{cite news |title=Prosecution Who's Who |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/prosecution.htm |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=28 February 2021 |date=14 January 1999}}</ref>

Clinton was defended by [[Cheryl Mills]]. Clinton's counsel staff included [[Charles Ruff]], [[David E. Kendall]], [[Dale Bumpers]], [[Bruce Lindsey]], [[Nicole Seligman]], [[Lanny A. Breuer]] and [[Gregory B. Craig]].<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/defense.htm Defense Who's Who] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170617073013/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/defense.htm |date=June 17, 2017 }}, ''[[The Washington Post]]'', January 19, 1999.</ref>

===Process and schedule===
The Senate trial began on January 7, 1999, with [[Chief Justice of the United States]] [[William Rehnquist]] presiding. The first day consisted of formal presentation of the charges against Clinton, and of Rehnquist swearing in all senators.<ref name="LATimeslookback"/>

A resolution on rules and procedure for the trial was adopted unanimously on the following day;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/politics/010999impeach-text.html|title=Senate's Unanimous Agreement on How to Proceed in Clinton Trial|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2020-01-07}}</ref> however, senators tabled the question of whether to call witnesses in the trial. The trial remained in recess while briefs were filed by the House (January 11) and Clinton (January 13).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/106th-congress/senate-resolution/16/text#billTextContainer|title=S.Res.16 - A resolution to provide for the issuance of a summons and for related procedures concerning the articles of impeachment against William Jefferson Clinton, President of the United States.|website=Library of Congress|date=January 8, 1999|access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/whtext011199.htm|title=White House Response to Trial Summons|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000817064839/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/whtext011199.htm|archive-date=2000-08-17|access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref>

The managers presented their case over three days, from January 14 to 16, arguing for removal of the President from office by virtue of what they characterized as Clinton's "willful, premeditated, deliberate corruption of the nation's system of justice through perjury and obstruction of justice".<ref name="historyplace">{{cite web | website = The History Place | title = Impeachment: Bill Clinton | year = 2000 | url = http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/impeachments/clinton.htm | access-date = May 20, 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100514091858/http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/impeachments/clinton.htm | archive-date = May 14, 2010 | url-status = live }}</ref> The defense presentation took place January 19–21. Clinton's defense counsel argued that the case made against Clinton was, "an unsubstantiated, circumstantial case that does not meet the constitutional standard to remove the President from office".<ref name="historyplace" /> January 22 and 23 were devoted to questions from members of the Senate to the House managers and Clinton's defense counsel. Under the rules, all questions (over 150) were to be written down and given to Rehnquist to read to the party being questioned.<ref name="LATimeslookback"/><ref name="WaPoTranscripts">{{cite news |title=Senate Trial Transcripts |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stranscripts.htm |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=27 February 2021 |date=1999}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Swanson |first1=Ian |title=Senators ready for question time in impeachment trial |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/480193-senators-ready-for-question-time-in-impeachment-trial |website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=28 February 2021 |language=en |date=28 January 2020}}</ref>

On January 25, Senator [[Robert Byrd]] moved for dismissals of both articles of impeachment. On the following day, Representative Bryant moved to call witnesses to the trial, a question the Senate had scrupulously avoided to that point. In both cases, the Senate voted to deliberate on the question in private session, rather than public, televised procedure. On January 27, the Senate voted on both motions in public session; the motion to dismiss failed on a nearly party line vote of 56–44, while the motion to depose witnesses passed by the same margin. A day later, the Senate voted down motions to move directly to a vote on the articles of impeachment and to suppress videotaped depositions of the witnesses from public release, Senator [[Russ Feingold]] again voting with the Republicans.

Over three days, February 1–3, House managers took videotaped closed-door depositions from Monica Lewinsky, Clinton's friend [[Vernon Jordan]], and White House aide [[Sidney Blumenthal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/03/us/president-s-trial-overview-senators-see-lewinsky-tape-vernon-jordan-testifies.html|title=THE PRESIDENT'S TRIAL: THE OVERVIEW; Senators See Lewinsky Tape And Vernon Jordan Testifies|first=Francis X.|last=Clines|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=February 3, 1999|access-date=February 9, 2020}}</ref> On February 4, however, the Senate voted 70–30 that excerpting these videotapes would suffice as testimony, rather than calling live witnesses to appear at trial. The videos were played in the Senate on February 6, featuring 30 excerpts of Lewinsky discussing her affidavit in the Paula Jones case, the hiding of small gifts Clinton had given her, and his involvement in procurement of a job for Lewinsky.

On February 8, closing arguments were presented with each side allotted a three-hour time slot. On the President's behalf, White House Counsel Charles Ruff declared:
{{blockquote|There is only one question before you, albeit a difficult one, one that is a question of fact and law and constitutional theory. Would it put at risk the liberties of the people to retain the President in office? Putting aside partisan animus, if you can honestly say that it would not, that those liberties are safe in his hands, then you must vote to acquit.<ref name="historyplace" />}}

Chief Prosecutor Henry Hyde countered:
{{blockquote|A failure to convict will make the statement that lying under oath, while unpleasant and to be avoided, is not all that serious{{nbsp}}... We have reduced lying under oath to a breach of etiquette, but only if you are the President{{nbsp}}... And now let us all take our place in history on the side of honor, and, oh, yes, let right be done.<ref name="historyplace" />}}

=== Acquittal ===

On February 9, 1999, after voting against a public deliberation on the verdict, the Senate began closed-door deliberations instead. On February 12, 1999, the [[United States Senate|Senate]] emerged from its closed deliberations and voted on the articles of impeachment. A [[supermajority|two-thirds vote]], equal to 67 votes if all Senators voted, would have been necessary to convict on either charge and remove the President from office. The perjury charge was defeated with 45 votes for conviction and 55 against, and the [[obstruction of justice]] charge was defeated with 50 for conviction and 50 against.<ref name=WaPo02131999/><ref name=CNN21299>{{cite news| title=How the senators voted on impeachment| date=February 12, 1999| url=http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/02/12/senate.vote/| publisher=[[CNN]]| access-date=June 8, 2019}}</ref><ref name=ClintonDA>{{cite web| url=https://millercenter.org/president/clinton/domestic-affairs| last=Riley| first=Russell L.| title=Bill Clinton: Domestic Affairs| date=October 4, 2016| publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia| location=Charlottesville, Virginia| access-date=June 12, 2019| archive-date=September 28, 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928144729/https://millercenter.org/president/clinton/domestic-affairs/| url-status=live}}</ref> Senator [[Arlen Specter]] voted "[[not proven|not proved]]"{{efn|name="NotProven"|A verdict used in [[Scots law]]. It was recorded as a "not guilty" vote.}} for both charges,<ref name="Not Proven">{{cite news | author = Specter, Arlen | title = Senator Specter's closed-door impeachment statement | date = February 12, 1999 | url = http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/02/12/senate.statements/specter.html | publisher =[[CNN]] | access-date = March 13, 2008 | quote = My position in the matter is that the case has not been proved. I have gone back to Scottish law where there are three verdicts: guilty, not guilty, and not proved. I am not prepared to say on this record that President Clinton is not guilty. But I am certainly not prepared to say that he is guilty. There are precedents for a Senator voting present. I hope that I will be accorded the opportunity to vote not proved in this case.{{nbsp}}... But on this record, the proofs are not present. Juries in criminal cases under the laws of Scotland have three possible verdicts: guilty, not guilty, not proved. Given the option in this trial, I suspect that many Senators would choose 'not proved' instead of 'not guilty'.<br />That is my verdict: not proved. The President has dodged perjury by calculated evasion and poor interrogation. Obstruction of justice fails by gaps in the proofs. | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080614141408/http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/02/12/senate.statements/specter.html | archive-date = June 14, 2008 | url-status = live }}</ref> which was considered by Chief Justice Rehnquist to constitute a vote of "not guilty".  All 45 Democrats in the Senate voted "not guilty" on both charges, as did five Republicans; they were joined by five additional Republicans in voting "not guilty" on the perjury charge.<ref name=WaPo02131999/><ref name=CNN21299/><ref name=ClintonDA/>

[[File:William Rehnquist's robe by Matthew Bisanz.JPG|thumb|upright=.80|Robe worn by [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]] [[William Rehnquist]] during the impeachment trial]]
[[Image:CongRec.png|thumb|upright=.80|''[[Congressional Record]]'' page, February 12, 1999, opening of the final day of the impeachment trial]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=4 style="background:#f5f5f5" | Articles of Impeachment, U.S. Senate judgement<br />{{smaller|(67 "guilty" votes necessary for a conviction)}}
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! rowspan=2 | Article One<ref>{{cite web |title=U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 106th Congress - 1st Session |url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=106&session=1&vote=00017 |website=www.senate.gov |publisher=United States Senate |access-date=28 February 2021}}</ref><br>(perjury{{\}}grand jury)
! colspan=2 | Party
! rowspan=2 | Total votes
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! style="background:#b0ceff;"| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! style="background:#ffb6b6;"| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
|-
| style="width: 13em; background:#F5F5F5" | Guilty
| style="width: 7em;" | {{0|0}}0
| style="width: 7em;" | 45
| style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5" | 45
|-
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | '''Not guilty'''{{nbsp}}{{check mark|color=black|14}}
| '''45'''
| '''10'''
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | '''55'''
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! rowspan=2 | Article Two<ref>{{cite web |title=U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 106th Congress - 1st Session |url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=106&session=1&vote=00018 |website=www.senate.gov |publisher=United States Senate |access-date=28 February 2021}}</ref><br>(obstruction of justice)
! colspan=2 | Party
! rowspan=2 | Total votes
|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"
! style="background:#b0ceff;"| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! style="background:#ffb6b6;"| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
|-
| style="width: 13em; background:#F5F5F5" | Guilty
| style="width: 7em;" | {{0|0}}0
| style="width: 7em;" | 50
| style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5" | 50
|-
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | '''Not guilty'''{{nbsp}}{{check mark|color=black|14}}
| '''45'''
| '''{{0|0}}5'''
| style="background:#F5F5F5" | '''50'''
|}

== Subsequent events ==
=== Contempt of court citation ===

In April 1999, about two months after being acquitted by the Senate, Clinton was cited by federal District Judge [[Susan Webber Wright]] for civil [[contempt of court]] for his "willful failure" to obey her orders to testify truthfully in the Paula Jones sexual harassment lawsuit. For this, Clinton was assessed a $90,000 fine and the matter was referred to the [[Arkansas Supreme Court]] to see if disciplinary action would be appropriate.<ref name="cnn.com">[http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/04/12/clinton.contempt/ Clinton found in civil contempt for Jones testimony—April 12, 1999] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060408090020/http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/04/12/clinton.contempt/ |date=April 8, 2006 }}</ref>

Regarding Clinton's January 17, 1998, deposition where he was placed under oath, Webber Wright wrote:
{{blockquote|Simply put, the president's deposition testimony regarding whether he had ever been alone with Ms. (Monica) Lewinsky was intentionally false, and his statements regarding whether he had ever engaged in sexual relations with Ms. Lewinsky likewise were intentionally false.<ref name="cnn.com"/>}}

On the day before leaving office on January 20, 2001, Clinton, in what amounted to a plea bargain, agreed to a five-year suspension of his Arkansas law license and to pay a $25,000 fine as part of an agreement with independent counsel Robert Ray to end the investigation without the filing of any criminal charges for perjury or obstruction of justice.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mr. Clinton's Last Deal |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/20/opinion/mr-clinton-s-last-deal.html |access-date=15 May 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=Jan 20, 2001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430022935/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/20/opinion/mr-clinton-s-last-deal.html |archive-date=April 30, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="arkcomm">{{cite court |litigants=Neal v. Clinton |opinion=Civ. No. 2000-5677 |pinpoint=Agreed Order of Discipline |court=Ark. Cir. Ct. |date=January 19, 2001 |url=https://courts.arkansas.gov/sites/default/files/opc_opinions_59 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131041943/https://courts.arkansas.gov/sites/default/files/opc_opinions_59 |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 31, 2016 |quote=Mr. Clinton admits and acknowledges{{nbsp}}... that his discovery responses interfered with the conduct of the ''Jones'' case by causing the court and counsel for the parties to expend unnecessary time, effort, and resources{{nbsp}}... }}</ref> On October 1, 2001, Clinton was accordingly suspended from the practice of law in the [[United States Supreme Court]] who also issued an order to show cause in 40 days "why he should not be disbarred from the practice of law in this Court."<ref>{{cite court |litigants=In re Clinton |vol=534 |reporter=U.S.| opinion=806 |year=2001 |url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/boundvolumes/534bv.pdf#page=750}}</ref> Clinton resigned from the Supreme Court bar during the show-cause period, and the Supreme Court accordingly ordered his name "stricken from the roll of attorneys admitted to the practice of law before this Court."<ref>{{cite court |litigants=In re Clinton |vol=534 |reporter=U.S.| opinion=1016 |year=2001 |url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/boundvolumes/534bv.pdf#page=960}}</ref>

=== Civil settlement with Paula Jones ===

Eventually, the court dismissed the Paula Jones harassment lawsuit, before trial, on the grounds that Jones failed to demonstrate any damages. However, while the dismissal was on appeal, Clinton entered into an out-of-court settlement by agreeing to pay Jones $850,000.<ref>{{cite news | title = Jones v. Clinton finally settled | publisher =[[CNN]] | date = November 13, 1998 | url = http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/11/13/jones/ | access-date = January 16, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100113071330/http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/11/13/jones/ | archive-date = January 13, 2010 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = Clinton–Jones Settlement Text | publisher =[[CNN]] | date = November 13, 1998 | url = http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/11/13/jones.text/ | access-date = January 13, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090123180412/http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/11/13/jones.text/ | archive-date = January 23, 2009 | url-status = live }}</ref>

McCullam and Bryant later lost bids for the Senate while Rogan lost his seat to future lead impeachment manager [[Adam Schiff]] who led then President [[Donald Trump]]'s impeachment in 2020. Graham successfully ran for the Senate in 2002 where he's currently serving.

=== Political ramifications ===

[[File:19a.AntiImpeachRally.WDC.17December1998 (22717930575).jpg|thumb|Opponents of Clinton's impeachment demonstrating outside the Capitol in December 1998]]

Polls conducted during 1998 and early 1999 showed that only about one-third of Americans supported Clinton's impeachment or conviction. However, one year later, when it was clear that impeachment would not lead to the ousting of the President, half of Americans said in a CNN/''USA Today''/Gallup poll that they supported impeachment, 57% approved of the Senate's decision to keep him in office, and two-thirds of those polled said the impeachment was harmful to the country.<ref>Keating Holland. [http://archives.cnn.com/1999/ALLPOLITICS/stories/12/16/impeach.poll/ "A year after Clinton impeachment, public approval grows of House decision"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303230334/http://archives.cnn.com/1999/ALLPOLITICS/stories/12/16/impeach.poll/ |date=March 3, 2008 }}. CNN. December 16, 1999.</ref>

While Clinton's job approval rating rose during the [[Clinton–Lewinsky scandal]] and subsequent impeachment, his poll numbers with regard to questions of honesty, integrity and moral character declined.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/voters082398.htm |title=American Voters See Two Very Different Bill Clintons |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first1=David S. |last1=Broder |first2=Richard |last2=Morin |date=August 23, 1998 |page=A1 |access-date=December 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171122022012/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/voters082398.htm |archive-date=November 22, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> As a result, "moral character" and "honesty" weighed heavily in the next presidential election. According to ''[[The Daily Princetonian]]'', after the [[2000 United States presidential election|2000 presidential election]], "post-election polls found that, in the wake of Clinton-era scandals, the single most significant reason people voted for [[George W. Bush|Bush]] was for his moral character."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/archives/2004/05/07/news/10533.shtml |title=Singer authors book on the role of ethics in Bush presidency |work=[[The Daily Princetonian]] |first=Deborah |last=Arotsky |date=May 7, 2004 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930033343/http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/archives/2004/05/07/news/10533.shtml |archive-date=September 30, 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=102219 |title=Of Candidates and Character |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]] |first=Stephen E. |last=Sachs |date=November 7, 2000 |access-date=April 1, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061231011624/http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=102219 |archive-date=December 31, 2006 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Character Counts?: Honesty and Fairness in Election 2000 |journal=Public Opinion Quarterly |last1=Bishin |first1=B. G. |last2=Stevens |first2=D. |last3=Wilson |first3=C. |volume=70 |pages=235–48 |date=Summer 2006 |doi=10.1093/poq/nfj016 |issue=2 |s2cid=145608174 }}</ref>
According to an analysis of the election by [[Stanford University]]:
{{blockquote|A more political explanation is the belief in Gore campaign circles that disapproval of President Clinton's personal behavior was a serious threat to the vice president's prospects. Going into the election the one negative element in the public's perception of the state of the nation was the belief that the country was morally on the wrong track, whatever the state of the economy or world affairs. According to some insiders, anything done to raise the association between Gore and Clinton would have produced a net loss of support—the impact of Clinton's personal negatives would outweigh the positive impact of his job performance on support for Gore. Thus, hypothesis four suggests that a previously unexamined variable played a major role in 2000—the retiring president's personal approval.<ref name=clm.>{{cite journal |url=http://www.stanford.edu/~mfiorina/2000%20BJPS%20Revision2_Paper.pdf |title=The 2000 U.S. Presidential Election: Can Retrospective Voting Be Saved? |last1=Fiorina |first1=M. |last2=Abrams |first2=S. |last3=Pope |first3=J. |doi=10.1017/S0007123403000073 |journal=British Journal of Political Science |volume=33 |issue=2 |date=March 2003 |pages=163–87 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |s2cid=154669354 |access-date=March 31, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080407020607/http://www.stanford.edu/~mfiorina/2000%20BJPS%20Revision2_Paper.pdf |archive-date=April 7, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}

The Stanford analysis, however, presented different theories and mainly argued that Gore had lost because he decided to distance himself from Clinton during the campaign. The writers of it concluded:<ref name=clm. />
{{blockquote|We find that Gore's oft-criticized personality was not a cause of his under-performance. Rather, the major cause was his failure to receive a historically normal amount of credit for the performance of the Clinton administration{{nbsp}}... [and] failure to get normal credit reflected Gore's peculiar campaign which in turn reflected fear of association with Clinton's behavior.<ref name=clm. />}}

According to the America's Future Foundation:
{{blockquote|In the wake of the Clinton scandals, independents warmed to Bush's promise to 'restore honor and dignity to the White House'. According to [[Voter News Service]], the personal quality that mattered most to voters was 'honesty'. Voters who chose 'honesty' preferred Bush over Gore by over a margin of five to one. Forty four percent of Americans said the Clinton scandals were important to their vote. Of these, Bush reeled in three out of every four.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.americasfuture.org/blueprint-for-victory/ |title=Blueprint for Victory |publisher=America's Future Foundation |first=Todd J. |last=Weiner |date=May 15, 2004 |access-date=March 12, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113945/http://americasfuture.org/blueprint-for-victory/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}

Political commentators have argued that Gore's refusal to have Clinton campaign with him was a bigger liability to Gore than Clinton's scandals.<ref name=clm. /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.greens.org/s-r/25/25-03.html |title=S/R 25: Gore's Defeat: Don't Blame Nader (Marable) |publisher=Greens.org |access-date=May 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510025027/http://www.greens.org/s-r/25/25-03.html |archive-date=May 10, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Jacob |last=Weisberg |url=http://www.slate.com/id/1006450/ |title=Why Gore (Probably) Lost |publisher=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=November 8, 2000 |access-date=May 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511101037/http://www.slate.com/id/1006450/ |archive-date=May 11, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nigerdeltacongress.com/articles/an_anatomy_of_2000_usa_president.htm |title=An anatomy of 2000 USA presidential election |publisher=Nigerdeltacongress.com |access-date=May 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516095712/http://www.nigerdeltacongress.com/articles/an_anatomy_of_2000_usa_president.htm |archive-date=May 16, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.cairn.info/revue-francaise-d-etudes-americaines-2001-4-page-10.htm |title=Beyond the Recounts: Trends in the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election |publisher=Cairn.info |date=November 12, 2000 |doi=10.3917/rfea.090.0010 |access-date=May 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510082007/http://www.cairn.info/revue-francaise-d-etudes-americaines-2001-4-page-10.htm |archive-date=May 10, 2011 |url-status=live |last1=Cain |first1=Bruce |journal=Revue Française d'Études Américaines |volume=90 |issue=4 |page=10 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> The 2000 U.S. Congressional election also saw the Democrats gain more seats in Congress.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,998545,00.html |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=Election 2000: Tom Daschle, Senate Minority Leader: Partisan from the Prairie |date=November 20, 2000 |access-date=May 5, 2010 |first=Amanda |last=Ripley |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101122101901/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,998545,00.html |archive-date=November 22, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As a result of this gain, control of the Senate was split 50–50 between both parties,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/us/2000-elections-senate-democrats-gain-several-senate-seats-but-republicans-retain.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |title=THE 2000 Elections: The Senate; Democrats Gain Several Senate Seats, but Republicans Retain Control |first=Eric |last=Schmitt |date=November 9, 2000 |access-date=May 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518014807/http://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/us/2000-elections-senate-democrats-gain-several-senate-seats-but-republicans-retain.html |archive-date=May 18, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> and Democrats would gain control over the Senate after Republican Senator [[Jim Jeffords]] defected from his party in early 2001 and agreed to caucus with the Democrats.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1894529_1894528_1894525,00.html |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=The Crist Switch: Top 10 Political Defections |date=April 29, 2009 |access-date=May 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100503155409/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1894529_1894528_1894525,00.html |archive-date=May 3, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[Al Gore]] reportedly confronted Clinton after the election, and "tried to explain that keeping Clinton under wraps [during the campaign] was a rational response to polls showing swing voters were still mad as hell over the Year of Monica". According to the AP, "during the one-on-one meeting at the White House, which lasted more than an hour, Gore used uncommonly blunt language to tell Clinton that his sex scandal and low personal approval ratings were a hurdle he could not surmount in his campaign{{nbsp}}... [with] the core of the dispute was Clinton's lies to Gore and the nation about his affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky."<ref name=nam;>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,98988,00.html |title=When a Buddy Movie Goes Bad |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|first=Margaret |last=Carlson |date=February 11, 2001 |access-date=March 31, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604172111/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,98988,00.html |archive-date=June 4, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=";/x">{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4581448.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125101/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4581448.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |title=Clinton and Gore have it out |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=February 8, 2001}}</ref><ref name=harris /> Clinton, however, was unconvinced by Gore's argument and insisted to Gore that he would have won the election if he had embraced the administration and its good economic record.<ref name=nam; /><ref name=";/x" /><ref name=harris>{{cite news |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/20010207/gore07/blame-divides-gore-clinton |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |title=Blame divides Gore, Clinton |first=John F. |last=Harris |date=February 7, 2001 |access-date=March 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402091745/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20010207&slug=gore07 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Partial retraction from Starr===

In January 2020, while testifying as a defense lawyer for U.S. President [[Donald Trump]] during [[First impeachment trial of Donald Trump|his first Senate impeachment trial]], Starr himself would retract some of the allegations he made to justify Clinton's impeachment.<ref name=starrretracts>{{cite news|url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/01/clinton-independent-counsel-ken-starr-argues-against-impeachment.html|title=Ken Starr Argues There Are Too Many Impeachments These Days|first=Jeremy|last=Stahl|publisher=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|date=January 27, 2020|access-date=October 29, 2020}}</ref> Slate journalist Jeremy Stahl pointed out that as he was urging the Senate not to remove Trump as president, Starr contradicted various arguments he used in 1998 to justify Clinton's impeachment.<ref name=starrretracts /> In defending Trump, Starr also claimed he was wrong to have called for impeachment against Clinton for abuse of executive privilege and efforts to obstruct Congress, and stated that the House Judiciary Committee was right in 1998 to have rejected one of the planks for impeachment he had advocated for.<ref name=starrretracts /> He also invoked a 1999 ''Hofstra Law Review'' article by Yale law professor [[Akhil Amar]], who argued that the Clinton impeachment proved just how impeachment and removal causes "grave disruption" to a national election.<ref name=starrretracts />

== See also ==

* [[Impeachment of Andrew Johnson]]
* [[Impeachment process against Richard Nixon]]
* [[First impeachment of Donald Trump]]
* [[Second impeachment of Donald Trump]]
* ''[[Impeachment: American Crime Story]]''
* [[List of federal political scandals in the United States]]
* [[List of federal political sex scandals in the United States]]
* [[Second-term curse]]
* [[Bill Clinton sexual assault and misconduct allegations]]

== Notes ==

{{notelist}}

== References ==

{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==

{{Portal bar|United States|Journalism|Law|Politics|1990s}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20000816081247/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/articles121898.htm "The Articles Explained"]. ''[[The Washington Post]]''. (December 18, 1998.) Archived August 16th, 2000 from the [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/stories/articles121898.htm original link].
* [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/icreport/icreport.htm "The Starr Report"], ''[[The Washington Post]]'' (September 16, 1998)
* [https://www.congress.gov/105/crpt/hrpt830/CRPT-105hrpt830.pdf "Impeachment of William Jefferson Clinton, President of the United States, Report of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, together with additional, minority, and dissenting views" (H. Rpt. 105-830)] (440 pages), December 16, 1998
* [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/dalebumpersdefenseofclinton.htm "Dale Bumpers: Closing Defense Arguments—Impeachment Trial of William J. Clinton"]

{{Impeachment and impeachment trial of Bill Clinton}}
{{Presidency of Bill Clinton}}
{{Federal impeachment in the United States}}

[[Category:Impeachment of Bill Clinton| ]]
[[Category:105th United States Congress]]
[[Category:1998 in American politics]]
[[Category:Clinton administration controversies]]
[[Category:Clinton–Lewinsky scandal]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Perjury]]
[[Category:Obstruction of justice]]
[[Category:December 1998 in the United States]]