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{{Short description|French noble family, a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon}}
{{Infobox family
|name = House of Orléans
|other_names = Bourbon-Orléans
|type = [[Capetian dynasty|Capetian]] [[royal family]]
|coat_of_arms = Coat of Arms of the July Monarchy (1830-31).svg
|coat_of_arms_size = 130px
|coat_of_arms_caption = Arms of the House of Orléans
|parent_house = [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon]]
|country = [[France]]<br/>[[Brazil]]<ref group=Note>The House of Orléans-Braganza has never reigned over Brazil, as the monarchy was abolished in Brazil in 1889.</ref>
|founded = {{Start date and age|1661|5|10|df=y}}
|founder = [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans]]
|current_head = [[Jean, Count of Paris|Jean d'Orléans, Count of Paris]]<hr/>Heads of cadet branches:<br/>[[Alfonso de Orléans-Borbón, Duke of Galliera]]<br/>[[Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza]]<br/>Pedro of Orléans-Braganza and Petrópolis
|final_ruler = [[Louis Philippe I]]
|titles = {{Collapsible list|[[List of French monarchs|King of the French]]|[[Queen of Portugal]]|[[Prince du sang|Prince of the Blood of France]]|[[Infante of Spain|''Infante'' of Spain]]|[[List of rulers of Auvergne|''Dauphin'' of Auvergne]]|[[List of lords and princes of Joinville#Princes|Prince of Joinville]]|[[Duke of Orléans]]|[[Duke of Chartres]]|[[Duchy of Montpensier|Duke of Montpensier]]|[[Counts and Dukes of Angoulême#Dukes of Angoulême|Duke of Angoulême]]|[[List of counts and dukes of Vendôme#Dukes of Vendôme|Duke of Vendôme]]|[[Counts and dukes of Aumale#Dukes|Duke of Aumale]]|[[Duke of Châtellerault]]|[[Duke of Galliera]]|[[Count of Paris]]|[[Count of Évreux]]|[[Counts of Eu|Count of Eu]]|[[County of La Marche|Count of La Marche]]|[[Counts of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis|Count of Clermont]] (extinct)}}
|deposition = {{End date|1848|2|24|df=y}}
|cadet branches = [[House of Orléans-Braganza|Orléans-Braganza]]<br/>[[House of Orléans-Galliera|Orléans-Galliera]]
|website = {{URL|https://comtedeparis.com/}}
}}

The '''House of Orléans''' ({{langx|fr|Maison d'Orléans}}), sometimes called the '''House of Bourbon-Orléans''' ({{langx|fr|link=no|Maison de Bourbon-Orléans}}) to distinguish it, is the fourth holder of a surname previously used by several branches of the [[House of France|Royal House of France]], all descended in the legitimate male line from the [[dynasty]]'s founder, [[Hugh Capet]]. The house was founded by [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans]], younger son of [[Louis XIII]] and younger brother of [[Louis XIV]], the "Sun King".

From 1709 until the [[French Revolution]], the Orléans dukes were next in the [[order of succession]] to the French throne after members of the senior branch of the [[House of Bourbon]], descended from Louis XIV. Although Louis XIV's [[heir male|direct descendants]] retained the throne, his brother Philippe's descendants flourished until the end of the French monarchy. The Orléanists held the French throne from 1830 to 1848 and are still [[Line of succession to the French throne (Orléanist)|pretenders to the French throne]] today.

The House of Orléans has a cadet branch in the [[House of Orléans-Braganza]], founded with the marriage between [[Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil|Isabel of Braganza, Princess Imperial of Brazil]], and [[Prince Gaston, Count of Eu|Prince Gaston of Orléans, Count of Eu]]. Although never reigning, the House of Orléans-Braganza has claimed the Brazilian throne since 1921.

==History==
===Background===
It became a tradition during France's ''[[ancien régime]]'' for the [[Duke of Orléans|Duchy of Orléans]] to be granted as an [[appanage]] to a younger (usually the second surviving) son of the king. While each of the Orléans branches thus descended from a junior prince, they were always among the king's nearest relations in the male line, sometimes aspiring to the throne itself, and sometimes succeeding.
Since they had contemporaneous living descendants, there were two Bourbon-Orléans branches at [[court]] during the reign of Louis XIV. The elder of these branches consisted of [[Gaston, Duke of Orléans|Prince Gaston, Duke of Anjou]], younger son of king [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]], and the four daughters of his two marriages.

Prince Gaston became the Duke of Orléans in 1626, and held that title until his death in 1660. Upon the death of Gaston, the [[appanage]] of the Duchy of Orléans reverted to the Crown. His nephew, Louis XIV, then gave Gaston's appanages to his younger brother [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|Prince Philippe]], who became Duke of Orléans. At court, Gaston was known as ''Le Grand Monsieur'' ("The Big Milord"), and Philippe was called ''Le Petit Monsieur'' ("The Little Milord") while both princes were alive.

===Creation===
{{Children of Philippe, Duke of Orléans}}
{{French Royal Family (Orléanist)}}
Philippe and his second wife, the famous court writer [[Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate]], founded the modern House of Bourbon-Orléans. Before then, Philippe had been styled as the [[Duke of Anjou]], like Prince Gaston. Besides receiving the appanage of [[Orléans]], he also received the duchies of [[List of Counts and Dukes of Valois|Valois]] and [[Duke of Chartres|Chartres]]: ''Duke of Chartres'' became the courtesy title by which the heirs apparent of the Dukes of Orléans were known during their fathers' lifetimes. Until the birth of the king's son, the [[Louis, Grand Dauphin|Dauphin Louis]], the Duke of Orléans was the [[heir presumptive]] to the crown. He was to maintain a high position at court till his death in 1701.

Their surviving son, [[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Philippe II]] served as the [[regent]] of France for the young [[Louis XV]].
As a ''[[fils de France]]'', Philippe's [[surname]] was ''de France''. Upon his death, his son inherited the Orléans dukedom, but as a ''[[Petit-Fils de France|petit-fils de France]]''. His surname ''d'Orléans'' (used also by his descendants) was taken from his father's main title. The first two dukes, as son and [[patrilineality|patrilineal]] grandson, respectively, of a French king, were entitled to be addressed as [[Royal Highness]]. But Philippe I was primarily known as ''[[Prince du sang|Monsieur]]'', the [[style (manner of address)|style]] reserved at the French court for the king's eldest brother.

Philippe II was succeeded as duke by his only legitimate son, [[Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)|Louis d'Orléans]], who was entitled to the style of [[Serene Highness]] as a ''[[prince du sang]]''. After 1709, the heads of the Orléans branch of the [[House of Bourbon]] ranked as the ''[[Prince du sang|premier princes du sang]]'' – this meant that the dukes could be addressed as ''Monsieur le Prince'' (a style they did not, however, use). More importantly, should there be no heir to the Crown of France in the king's immediate family, then the Orléans family would ascend by right the throne.

===''Prince du sang''===
[[File:A young King Louis XIV with his brother the Duke of Orléans attributed to the Beaubrun brothers.jpg|thumb|[[Louis XIV]] and his younger brother [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|Le Petit Monsieur]]]]
In 1709, the [[Henry III Jules de Bourbon, prince de Condé|5th prince de Condé]] died. He was the ''[[prince du Sang#Monsieur le Prince|premier prince du sang]]'' and head of the ''[[Prince de Condé|House of Bourbon-Condé]]''. As a result of this death, the title of ''premier prince'' passed to the House of Orléans, as they were closer in blood to the throne of France.<ref>{{cite web |last=Velde |first=Francois |title=The French Royal Family: Titles and Customs § Princes du Sang | website=Heraldica |url=http://www.heraldica.org/topics/france/frroyal.htm#sang |access-date=11 November 2018}}</ref> But since the two senior males of that line held higher rank as, respectively, ''fils de France'' and ''petit-fils de France'', they did not make use of the title and had no need of its attached prerogative; a household and [[retinue]] maintained at the expense of the [[French Crown|Crown]].

The Orléans household was already large, as it held the staff of Philippe II d'Orléans and of his wife, as well as the staff of his widowed mother, the [[Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate|dowager Duchess]]. This combined household, though not fully functional until 1723, contained almost 250 members including officers, courtiers, footmen, gardeners, and even barbers.

===The Regency===
[[File:Philippe, duc d'Orléans, Régent, et son fils le duc de Chartres - Versailles MV 5456.jpg|thumb|upright=1.33|[[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Philippe II d'Orléans]] with his Protégé, [[Louis XV]]]]
On the death of Louis XIV in September 1715, the new king, [[Louis XV]], was only five years old. The country was then governed by the new king's older relative Philippe II d'Orléans as the [[regent]] of France. This period in French history is known as the Regency (''La Régence''), and gave the ''House of Orléans'' the pre-eminent position and political role in France during the king's [[minor (law)|minority]]. The regent ruled France from his family residence in Paris, the [[Palais-Royal]]. He installed the young Louis XV in the [[Palais du Louvre]] which was opposite the Palais-Royal.

In January 1723 Louis XV gained his majority and began to govern the country on his own. The young king moved the court back to [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]] and in December, Philippe II died and his son, '''[[Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)|Louis d'Orléans]]''' succeeded him as 3rd duke and, more importantly, as France's heir presumptive. Nonetheless, since his rank by birth (as a great-grandson of a French king) was ''prince du sang'', that of ''premier prince du sang'' constituted a higher style, of which he and his descendants henceforth made use.

===Under Louis XV===
Louis d'Orléans was in several ways his father's opposite, being retiring by nature and extremely devout. Although still in his twenties when widowed, he did not remarry after [[Margravine Auguste Marie Johanna of Baden-Baden|his wife's]] death, and is not known to have ever taken a mistress. He died in the [[Sainte-Geneviève Abbey|Monastery of St. Geneviève]] in Paris.<ref>{{cite web | first=Marie-Estelle |last=Gordien |url=http://theses.enc.sorbonne.fr/2002/gordien |title=Louis d'Orléans (1703-1752), premier prince du sang et mystique érudit  |website=theses.enc.sorbonne.fr |language=fr |orig-year=2000 |date=30 August 2018}}</ref>

His son, '''[[Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans]]''', was the fourth of his line to hold that title. After having a distinguished military career, he decided to live quietly with his mistress (later, his [[morganatic marriage|morganatic]] wife), the [[Charlotte-Jeanne Béraud de la Haye de Riou, marquise de Montesson|marquise de Montesson]], at the ''Château de Sainte-Assise''.

===Louis XVI===
Louis Philippe I d'Orléans and his wife [[Louise Henriette de Bourbon]] had two children: the fifth duke, '''[[Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Louis Philippe II d'Orléans]]''', known to history as ''Philippe Egalité'', and [[Bathilde d'Orléans]]. As the Duke of Chartres, [[Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans]], married one of his cousins, [[Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon]]. She was the sole heiress of the [[Bourbon-Penthièvre|House of Bourbon-Penthièvre]], which had accumulated vast wealth bestowed, despite their [[baton sinister#Bar sinister|bar sinister]], on the ''princes légitimés'' by their father, Louis XIV. The Duchess of Chartres had a dowry of six million [[French livre|livres]], {{Inflation|UK|250000|1769|fmt=eq|cursign=£}}, <!--One pound Sterling was then worth 24 livres, so six million livres was £250,000. --> and an annual allowance of over 500,000 livres, {{Inflation|UK|20833|1769|fmt=eq|cursign=£}}. Upon the death of her father she inherited the remainder of the Bourbon-Penthièvre revenues and [[château]]x.

Louis Philippe II was given the surname ''Egalité'' ("Equality") when French titles of nobility were abolished in 1790. His wife outlived him by almost thirty years.

Louise Marie Thérèse ''Bathilde'' d'Orléans married [[Louis Henry II, Prince of Condé]], the last of [[Princes of Condé|his house]], and was the mother of the [[Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé|Duke of Enghien]], who was [[execution|executed]] by [[Napoleon]]. She died in 1822, the same year as her sister-in-law the [[Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon|Duchess of Orléans]]. They were both buried in the ''[[Chapelle royale de Dreux]]''.

===French Revolution===
[[File:LouisXVIExecutionBig.jpg|thumb|upright=1.43|[[Louis XVI]]'s [[execution of Louis XVI|execution]] by the [[guillotine]]. His cousin, '''Philippe Égalité''', voted for his execution]]
At the time of the [[French Revolution]], Philippe-Egalité, was the only person of the royal family to actively support the revolution.

He went so far as to vote for the execution of his cousin, Louis XVI, an act which earned him popularity among the revolutionaries, and the undying hostility of many French monarchists. He remained in prison until October, the beginning of the [[Reign of Terror]]. He was shortlisted for a trial on 3 October, and effectively tried and [[guillotine]]d in the space of one day, on the orders of [[Maximilien Robespierre]].

Most of the Orléans family were forced to flee. The new Duke of Orléans had fled to Austria several months previously, triggering the arrest of his father. His brother, the [[Duke of Montpensier]], would die in England, and his sister fled to Switzerland after being imprisoned for a while. The youngest brother, [[Louis-Charles, Count of Beaujolais]], was thrown into a prison in the south of France (Fort-Saint-Jean in [[Marseille]]) in 1793, but later escaped to the United States. He too died in exile. Of the Orléans, only the widow of Philippe Egalité was able to remain in France unhindered until, in 1797 she, too, was banished to Spain along with the few remaining Bourbons who still lived in France.

In 1814 during the [[Bourbon Restoration in France|Bourbon Restoration]], the three remaining members of the family, the Duke of Orléans, his mother and sister, returned to Paris. The family's properties and titles were returned to them by [[Louis XVIII]].

===July Monarchy===
{{Multiple image
|image1=Coat of Arms of the July Monarchy (1830-31).svg
|caption1=The arms of the King of the French (1830-1848)
|image2=Coat of Arms of the July Monarchy (1831-48).svg
|caption2=The arms of the Kingdom of France (1831-1848)
}}
In 1830, following the French [[July Revolution]], the House of Orléans became the ruling house when the monarch of the elder [[Bourbon Restoration in France|restored Bourbon]] line, [[Charles X of France|Charles X]], was replaced by the 6th duke, '''[[Louis Philippe I|Louis-Philippe III d'Orléans]]''', son of Philippe-Egalité. Louis Philippe ruled as a [[constitutional monarchy|constitutional monarch]], and as such was called '''King of the French''', rather than "of France". His reign lasted until the [[Revolution of 1848 in France|Revolution of 1848]], when he abdicated and fled to England.

Even after his ouster, an [[Orléanist]] faction remained active, supporting a return of the House of Orléans to power. Legitimist monarchists however continued to uphold the rights of the elder line of Bourbons, who came close to regaining the throne after the fall of the [[Second French Empire|Second Empire]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}. In the early 1870s, a majority of deputies in the [[National Assembly of France|National Assembly]] were monarchists, as was the nation's president, [[Patrice de MacMahon|MacMahon]]. Thus, it was widely expected that the old dynasty would be invited to re-mount the throne, in the person of either the Bourbon or the Orléans claimant.
[[Image:Phillipe, Comte de Paris.jpg|thumb|upright|Louis-Philippe Albert d'Orléans, Count of Paris]]
To seize this opportunity the Orléanists offered a so-called ''fusion'', whereby King Louis Philippe's grandson and heir, [[Philippe, Count of Paris]], accepted the childless Legitimist pretender's right to the throne, thereby potentially uniting French royalists in support of a single candidate. But the refusal of the last male of Louis XIV's direct line, the [[Henri, Count of Chambord|Count of Chambord]], to accept the [[Flag of France|tricolore]] as France's flag under a restored monarchy proved an insurmountable obstacle to his candidacy.

Although the Orléans had [[reign]]ed under the tricolor without objection, this time the Orléans princes did not abandon the cause of the head of their dynasty by seeking to offer themselves as alternative candidates; by the time Chambord died and the Orléans felt free to re-assert their claim to the throne, the political moment had passed, and France had become resolutely republican.<ref>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Chambord, Henri Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné, Comte de |volume=5 |page=823}}</ref> France has had neither a Bourbon nor Orléans monarch since 1848.

Louis-Philippe and his family lived in England until his death in [[Claremont (country house)|Claremont]], [[Surrey]]. Like his mother, he and his wife, Amelia (1782–1866), were buried at the ''Chapelle royale de Dreux''. In 1883, the Count of Chambord died without children. As a result, some Legitimists recognized the House of Orléans as the heirs to the throne of France.

However, a portion of the Legitimists, still resentful of the revolutionary credentials of the House of Orléans, transferred their loyalties to the [[Carlist]] heirs of the Spanish Bourbons, who represented the most senior branch of the [[House of Capet|Capetians]] even though they had renounced their claim to the French throne to obtain Spain in 1713.

Thus to their supporters, not only are the heads of the House of Orléans the rightful heirs to the constitutionalist title of "King of the French", but also to the Legitimist title of "King of France and Navarre".

==Heads of the House==
{{Nobility table header|arms=no|extra column=Succession right(s) !! Ref.}}
|-
| [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|'''Philippe I,<br/>Duke of Orléans'''}}]]<br />10 May 1661<br />{{ndash}}<br />9 June 1701<br />''({{age in years, months and days|10 May 1661|9 June 1701|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Philippe of France, Duke of Orléans "Monsieur" wearing the sash of the Order of the Holy Spirit (Musée des Beaux-Arts d'Orléans).jpg|100px]]
| 21 September 1640<br />[[Saint-Germain-en-Laye]]<hr />Son of [[Louis XIII|{{nowrap|Louis XIII, King of France}}]]<br />and [[Anne of Austria|Queen Anne of Austria]]
| {{grey|(1)}} [[Henrietta of England]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1661; {{tooltip|d.|deceased}} 1670)}}<br/>3 children<hr/>{{grey|(2)}} [[Elizabeth Charlotte, Madame Palatine|Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1671; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1701)}}<br/>3 children
| 9 June 1701<br />[[Saint-Cloud]]<br />Aged 60
| Created [[Duke of Orléans]] by [[Louis XIV]], King of France
| <ref>{{cite book|last=Nichols Barker|first=Nancy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1clnAAAAMAAJ|title=Brother to the Sun King, Philippe, Duke of Orléans|editor=Johns Hopkins University Press|date=1989|isbn=9780801837913}}</ref>
|-
| [[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|'''Philippe II,<br/>Duke of Orléans'''}}]]<br />9 June 1701<br />{{ndash}}<br />2 December 1723<br />''({{age in years, months and days|9 June 1701|2 December 1723|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Portrait of Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans in armour by Jean-Baptiste Santerre.png|100px]]
| 2 August 1674<br />[[Saint-Cloud]]<hr />Son of [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Philippe I}}]]<br />and [[Elizabeth Charlotte, Madame Palatine|Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate]]
| [[Françoise Marie de Bourbon]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1692; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1723)}}<br/>8 children
| 2 December 1723<br />[[Versailles, Yvelines|Versailles]]<br />Aged 49
| Son of [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Philippe I}}]]<br/>(proximity of blood)
| {{N/A}}
|-
| [[Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)|{{nowrap|'''Louis,<br/>Duke of Orléans'''}}]]<br />2 December 1723<br />{{ndash}}<br />4 February 1752<br />''({{age in years, months and days|2 December 1723|4 February 1752|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans by Charles Antoine Coypel.png|100px]]
| 4 August 1703<br />[[Versailles, Yvelines|Versailles]]<hr />Son of [[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Philippe II}}]]<br />and [[Françoise Marie de Bourbon]]
| [[Margravine Auguste of Baden-Baden|Auguste of Baden-Baden]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1724; {{tooltip|d.|deceased}} 1726)}}<br/>8 children
| 4 February 1752<br />[[Paris]]<br />Aged 48
| Son of [[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Philippe II}}]]<br/>(primogeniture)
| {{N/A}}
|-
| [[Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|'''Louis Philippe I,<br/>Duke of Orléans'''}}]]<br />4 February 1752<br />{{ndash}}<br />18 November 1785<br />''({{age in years, months and days|4 February 1752|18 November 1785|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Louis Philippe d'Orléans (1725-1785) as Duke of Orléans by Alexander Roslin, Stockholm.png|100px]]
| 12 May 1725<br />[[Versailles, Yvelines|Versailles]]<hr />Son of [[Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)|{{nowrap|Louis}}]]<br />and [[Margravine Auguste of Baden-Baden|Auguste of Baden-Baden]]
| {{grey|(1)}} [[Louise Henriette de Bourbon]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1743; {{tooltip|d.|deceased}} 1759)}}<br/>3 children<hr/>{{grey|(2)}} [[Madame de Montesson|Charlotte-Jeanne Béraud de La Haye de Riou]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1773; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1785)}}<br/>Childless
| 18 November 1785<br />[[Seine-Port]]<br />Aged 60
| Son of [[Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)|{{nowrap|Louis}}]]
| {{N/A}}
|-
| [[Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|'''Louis Philippe II,<br/>Duke of Orléans'''}}]]<br />18 November 1785<br />{{ndash}}<br />8 September 1792<br />''(Renounced to nobility after {{age in years, months and days|18 November 1785|8 September 1792|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Louis Philippe d'Orléans Reynolds Chantilly détail.jpg|100px]]
| 13 April 1747<br />[[Saint-Cloud]]<hr />Son of [[Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Louis Philippe I}}]]<br />and [[Louise Henriette de Bourbon]]
| [[Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans|Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1768; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1793)}}<br/>5 children
| 6 November 1793<br />[[Paris]]<br />Executed for treason<br/>Aged 46
| Son of [[Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Louis Philippe I}}]]<br/>(primogeniture)
| <ref>{{cite book|last=La Marle|first=Hubert|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NKbf4kxyNmsC|title=Philippe Egalité, "grand maître" de la Révolution: le rôle politique du premier Sérénissime Frère du Grand Orient de France|editor=Nouvelles Editions Latines|date=1989|isbn=9782723303835}}</ref>
|-
! colspan=7 | Louis Philippe II continued to be the informal head of the House until his execution in 1793; after that his son Louis Philippe III claimed his titles.
|-
| [[Louis Philippe I|{{nowrap|'''Louis Philippe III,<br/>Duke of Orléans'''<br/>{{small|from 1830 to 1848}}<br/>'''Louis Philippe I,<br/>King of the French'''}}]]<br />6 November 1793<br />{{ndash}}<br />26 August 1850<br />''({{age in years, months and days|6 November 1793|26 August 1850|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Louis philippe 1835 par desnos.jpeg|100px]]
| 6 October 1773<br />[[Paris]]<hr />Son of [[Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Louis Philippe II}}]]<br />and [[Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans|Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon]]
| [[Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1809; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1850)}}<br/>10 children
| 26 August 1850<br />[[Claremont (country house)|Claremont]], [[Surrey]], England<br />Aged 76
| Son of [[Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Louis Philippe II}}]]<br/>(primogeniture)
| <ref>{{cite book|author=Louis Philippe I|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_WQIAAAAQAAJ|title=Memoir of Louis Philippe I, king of the French|date=1830}}</ref>
|-
| [[Prince Philippe, Count of Paris|{{nowrap|'''Prince Philippe,<br/>Count of Paris'''}}]]<br/>'''(Philip VII, if king)'''<br />26 August 1850<br />{{ndash}}<br />8 September 1894<br />''({{age in years, months and days|26 August 1850|8 September 1894|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Philippe d'Orléans comte de Paris.jpg|100px]]
| 24 August 1838<br />[[Paris]]<hr />Son of [[Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans|{{nowrap|Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans}}]]<br />and [[Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
| [[Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans|Marie Isabelle of Orléans]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1864; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1894)}}<br/>8 children
| 8 September 1894<br />[[Stowe House]], [[Buckinghamshire]], England<br />Aged 56
| Grandson of [[Louis Philippe I|{{nowrap|Louis Philippe I}}]]
| <ref>{{cite book|author=Prince Philippe, Count of Paris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MV41tAEACAAJ|title=Comte de Paris Letters, 1875-1894|date=1875}}</ref>
|-
| [[Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans (1869–1926)|{{nowrap|'''Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans'''}}]]<br/>'''(Philip VIII, if king)'''<br />8 September 1894<br />{{ndash}}<br />28 March 1926<br />''({{age in years, months and days|8 September 1894|28 March 1926|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:DukeOrleans.jpg|100px]]
| 6 February 1869<br />[[Twickenham]], [[London]]<hr />Son of [[Prince Philippe, Count of Paris|{{nowrap|Prince Philippe, Count of Paris}}]]<br />and [[Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans|Marie Isabelle of Orléans]]
| [[Archduchess Maria Dorothea of Austria|Maria Dorothea of Austria]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1896; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1926)}}<br/>Childless
| 28 March 1926<br />[[Palermo]]<br />Aged 57
| Son of [[Prince Philippe, Count of Paris|{{nowrap|Prince Philippe}}]]<br/>(primogeniture)
| {{N/A}}
|-
| [[Prince Jean, Duke of Guise|{{nowrap|'''Prince Jean,<br/>Duke of Guise'''}}]]<br/>'''(John III, if king)'''<br />28 March 1926<br />{{ndash}}<br />25 August 1940<br />''({{age in years, months and days|28 March 1926|25 August 1940|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Jean d'Orléans (1874-1940).jpg|100px]]
| 4 September 1874<br />[[Paris]]<hr />Son of [[Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres|{{nowrap|Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres}}]]<br />and [[Princess Françoise of Orléans (1844–1925)|Françoise of Orléans]]
| [[Princess Isabelle of Orléans (1878–1961)|Isabelle of Orléans]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1899; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1940)}}<br/>4 children
| 25 August 1940<br />[[Larache]]<br />Aged 65
| Great-grandson of [[Louis Philippe I|{{nowrap|Louis Philippe I}}]]<hr/>Cousin and brother-in-law of [[Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans (1869–1926)|{{nowrap|Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans}}]]
| {{N/A}}
|-
| [[Henri, Count of Paris (1908–1999)|{{nowrap|'''Henri,<br/>Count of Paris'''}}]]<br/>'''(Henry VI, if king)'''<br />25 August 1940<br />{{ndash}}<br />19 June 1999<br />''({{age in years, months and days|25 August 1940|19 June 1999|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Mauriceroy comtedeparis (cropped Henri, comte de Paris).jpg|100px]]
| 5 July 1908<br />[[Le Nouvion-en-Thiérache]]<hr />Son of [[Prince Jean, Duke of Guise|{{nowrap|Jean, Duke of Guise}}]]<br />and [[Princess Isabelle of Orléans (1878–1961)|Isabelle of Orléans]]
| [[Princess Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza|Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1931; {{tooltip|w.|widowed}} 1999)}}<br/>11 children
| 19 June 1999<br />[[Cherisy]]<br />Aged 90
| Son of [[Prince Jean, Duke of Guise|{{nowrap|Jean,<br/>Duke of Guise}}]]
| <ref>{{cite book|last=Goyet|first=Bruno|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zHJF9CHxCCEC|title=Henri d'Orléans, comte de Paris (1908–1999) : le prince impossible|editor=Odile Jacob|date=2001|isbn=9782738109347}}</ref>
|-
| [[Henri, Count of Paris (1933–2019)|{{nowrap|'''Henri,<br/>Count of Paris'''}}]]<br/>'''(Henry VII, if king)'''<br />19 June 1999<br />{{ndash}}<br />21 January 2019<br />''({{age in years, months and days|19 June 1999|21 January 2019|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Henri d'Orléans, comte de Paris, à Poissy, le 27 avril 2014.jpg|100px]]
| 14 June 1933<br />[[Woluwe-Saint-Pierre]]<hr />Son of [[Henri, Count of Paris (1908–1999)|{{nowrap|Henri, Count of Paris}}]]<br />and [[Princess Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza|Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza]]
| {{gray|(1)}} [[Duchess Marie-Thérèse of Württemberg|Marie-Thérèse of Württemberg]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1957; {{tooltip|div.|divorced}} 1984)}}<br/>5 children<hr/>{{gray|(2)}} [[Micaela Cousiño Quiñones de León]]<br />{{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 1984)}}<br/>Childless
| 21 January 2019<br />[[Dreux]]<br />Aged 85
| Son of [[Henri, Count of Paris (1908–1999)|{{nowrap|Henri, Count of Paris}}]]<br/>(primogeniture)
| {{N/A}}
|-
| [[Jean, Count of Paris|{{nowrap|'''Jean, Count of Paris'''}}]]<br/>'''(John IV, if king)'''<br /> since 21 January 2019''   ({{age in years, months and days|21 January 2019|duration=yes|}})''
| [[File:Jean d'Orléans.jpg|100px]]
| 19 May 1965<br />[[Paris]]<hr />Son of [[Henri, Count of Paris (1933–2019)|{{nowrap|Henri, Count of Paris}}]]<br />and [[Duchess Marie-Thérèse of Württemberg|Marie-Thérèse of Württemberg]]
| [[Philomena de Tornos Steinhart]]<br /> {{small|({{tooltip|m.|marriage}} 2009)}} <br/>5 children
| 
| Son of [[Henri, Count of Paris (1933–2019)|{{nowrap|Henri, Count of Paris}}]]<br/>
| {{N/A}}
|}

==Contemporary family==
[[File:Famille d'Orléans.jpg|thumb|right|[[Jean, Count of Paris|Jean of Orléans]], current head of the house, with his wife and heir apparent, Prince Gaston.]]
The current head of the house is [[Jean, Count of Paris]] (born 1965), who is a [[pretender|claimant]] to the French throne as '''John IV'''. For the [[Orléanist]]s, his pretense is due to being the heir of King Louis Philippe of the French. For [[Legitimists]], his pretense is due to being the heir of [[Henri, Count of Chambord]], and so of [[Charles X of France]].

'''Present family'''

On 5 July 1957, [[Henri, Count of Paris (1933–2019)|Henri, Count of Paris]] married [[Duchess Marie Thérèse of Württemberg]] (born 1934), another descendant of King Louis Philippe. He received the title ''[[Counts of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis|Count of Clermont]]''. Five children were born from this union, before the marriage ended in divorce.

# [[Princess Marie of Liechtenstein (b. 1959)|Princess '''Marie''' Isabelle Marguerite Anne Geneviève of Orléans]] (born 3 January 1959, [[Boulogne sur Seine]]) married civilly at Dreux on 22 July 1989 and religiously in [[Friedrichshafen]] on 22 July 1989 to [[Prince Gundakar of Liechtenstein]] (born 1 April 1949, [[Vienna]]), of whom she has five children
#* Princess '''Léopoldine''' Eléonore Thérèse Marie of Liechtenstein (born 27 June 1990, [[Vienna]])
#* Princess '''Marie Immaculata''' Elisabeth Rose Aldegunde of Liechtenstein (born 15 December 1991, [[Vienna]])
#* Prince '''Johann''' Wenzel Karl Emmeran Bonifatius Maria of Liechtenstein (born 17 March 1993, [[Vienna]])
#* Princess '''Margarete''' Franciska Daria Wilhelmine Marie of Liechtenstein (born 10 January 1995, [[Vienna]])
#* Prince '''Gabriel''' Karl Bonaventura Alfred Valerian Maria of Liechtenstein (born 6 May 1998, [[Vienna]])
# [[Prince François, Count of Clermont|Prince '''François''' Henri Louis Marie of Orléans]] (born 7 February 1961, [[Boulogne sur Seine]] – died 30 December 2017), [[Counts of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis|Count of Clermont]], was severely disabled (due to mother's [[toxoplasmosis]] during pregnancy).
# Princess '''Blanche''' Elisabeth Rose Marie of Orléans (born 10 September 1962, [[Ravensburg]]), severely disabled (due to the same cause as her elder brother).
# [[Jean, Count of Paris|Prince '''Jean''' Charles Pierre Marie of Orléans]] (born 19 May 1965, Boulogne sur Seine), [[Duke of Vendôme]] and [[Dauphin de Viennois]], married civilly in Paris on 19 March 2009 and religiously at the Cathédrale Notre-Dame at [[Senlis]] on 2 May 2009 to Philomena de Tornos Steinhart (born 19 June 1977, Vienna), with whom he has five children
#* Prince '''Gaston''' Louis Antoine Marie of Orléans (born 19 November 2009, [[Paris]])
#* Princess '''Antoinette''' Léopoldine Jeanne Marie of Orléans (born 28 January 2012, [[Vienna]])
#* Princess '''Louise-Marguerite''' Eléonore Marie of Orléans (born 30 July 2014, [[Poissy]])
#* Prince '''Joseph''' Gabriel David Marie of Orléans (born 2 June 2016)
#* Princess '''Jacinthe''' Elisabeth-Charlotte Marie of Orleans (born October 2018)
# [[Prince Eudes, Duke of Angoulême|Prince '''Eudes''' Thibaut Joseph Marie of Orléans]] (born 18 March 1968, Paris), [[Duke of Angoulême]], married civilly at Dreux on 19 June 1999 and religiously in [[Antrain]] on 10 July 1999 to Marie-Liesse Claude Anne Rolande de Rohan-Chabot (born 29 June 1969, Paris), with whom he has two children
#* Princess '''Thérèse''' Isabelle Marie Eléonore (born 23 April 2001, [[Cannes]])
#* Prince '''Pierre''' Jean Marie d'Orléans (born 6 August 2003, [[Cannes]])

[[Jean, Count of Paris]], is now the head of the house.

==Wealth and finances==
{{main|Goods of the House of Orléans}}

===Appanages===
Throughout the years of the ''[[ancien régime]]'', the Orléans household received vast riches in terms of wealth and property. Philippe de France obtained for the House of Bourbon-Orléans, during the rule of his brother Louis XIV, the following:
* The ducal titles of [[Orléans]], [[List of Counts and Dukes of Valois|Valois]], [[Chartres]] and the lordship of [[Montargis]]. This occurred in 1660, shortly after the death of [[Gaston, Duke of Orléans]], who had no male descendants. The family might also have obtained the county of [[Blois]] and with it the [[Château de Blois]], [[Château de Chambord]] and also the governorship of [[Languedoc]] but Philippe de France was refused these by his brother.
* In 1672, Louis XIV added the Duchy of Nemours, the countships of Dourdan and Romorantin, and the marquisates of Coucy and Folembray.
* In 1692, Philippe's son and heir, Philippe II, married [[Françoise-Marie de Bourbon]], a [[Legitimacy (family law)|legitimated]] daughter of Louis XIV by his ''liaison'' with [[Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan|Madame de Montespan]]. In order to convince his brother to allow his son to marry one of his illegitimate daughters, the king gave him the [[Palais-Royal]], which Philippe I had already occupied since his first marriage, and promised him a dowry of two million livres. This palace became the Paris residence of the Dukes of Orléans until 1792.
* The Orléans canal, built by Philippe de France, was used by the family to transport their timber from the Orléans forest to the capital where it was sold. The canal was nationalised during the revolution.

Under the regent, Philippe II, d'Orléans:
* He quietly increased his wife's annual allowance to 400,000 livres while he was in power.<ref>Pevitt, Christine, ''The Man Who Would be King: The Life of Philippe d'Orléans, Regent of France''</ref> He also bought many buildings around Paris, although many were sold by his grandson. It was also he who bought the [[Regent Diamond]] (also known as ''Le Régent''), which was kept at the [[Louvre]] in Paris.

Under Louis d'Orléans:
* In 1740, Louis XV added the ''Hôtel de Grand-Ferrare'' at [[Fontainebleau]]
* The king added the countship of [[Soissons]] in 1751 and the lordships of Laon, Crépy and Noyon.
* By 1734, the family's income exceeded one million livres annually in rents due from the ducal domains of Orléans, Valois, Chartres, and the lordship of Montargis. Sales of timber from such vast tracts as the [[Orléans]] forest, added 500,000 livres.

Under [[Louis Philippe I d'Orléans]]:
* Rents came in from the towns of La Fère, Marle, Ham, Saint-Gobain, the ''Hôtel Duplessis-Châtillon'' and from the ''Ourcq canal''.

Because the Dukes of Orléans were also the ''premier princes du sang'', the kingdom's treasury paid for their personal household of 265 staff and officers. Along with towns and buildings, the family derived income from its forests on the ducal lands at Orléans, Beaugency, Montargis, Romorantin, Dourdan, Bruadan, Villers-Cotterêts (at which they had a château), Laigne, Coucy, La Fère, Marle, and Saint-Gobin.

* The original appanage was returned to the Orléans family in May 1814 by Louis XVIII. It was united with the domain of the [[French Crown|Crown]] upon Louis-Philippe d'Orléans' accession to the throne in 1830, at which time it was worth about 2.5 million [[franc]]s in annual income.

[[Image:Louis14-Family.jpg|center|thumb|760px|A posthumous mural commissioned around 1670 by [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans]]. It includes: [[Henrietta Maria of France]] (d 1669), exiled Queen of England; [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|Philippe de France]], founder of the House of Orléans; his first wife [[Henrietta Anne Stuart]] (d 1670); the couple's first daughter [[Marie Louise d'Orléans (1662–1689)|Marie Louise of Orléans]] (later Queen of Spain); [[Anne of Austria]] (d 1666); the Orléans daughters of [[Gaston, Duke of Orléans|Gaston de France]]; Louis XIV; the Dauphin with his mother [[Maria Theresa of Spain]] with her third daughter ''Marie-Thérèse de France'', called ''[[Fils de France|Madame Royale]]'' (d. 1672) and her second son ''[[Philippe-Charles, Duke of Anjou]]'' (d. 1671). The first daughter of Gaston stands on the far right: [[Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier|Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans]]. The picture frame with the two children are the other 2 daughters of Louis and Maria Theresa who died in 1662 and 1664.]]

===Residences===
Philippe I and his wife had to spend most of their time at the royal court of his brother Louis XIV. For this purpose they had apartments at the [[Palace of Versailles]], the [[Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye]], the [[Palace of Fontainebleau]] and the [[Château de Marly]], as did most other members of the [[House of Bourbon]]. Their private home, given to them by the king, was the [[Palais Royal]], Paris. Furthermore, Philippe I had bought the [[Château de Saint-Cloud]], located between Paris and Versailles, in 1658. Later he replaced it with a new baroque building, including vast gardens on the Seine River. He also had a number of smaller rural properties. Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, sold the Palais Royal and the Château de Saint-Cloud to King Louis XVI, shortly before the Revolution, however still occupying an apartment at the Palais Royal. Their private residences then became the [[Château du Raincy]] and the Château de Sainte-Assise at [[Seine-Port]].

Before the court was officially moved to Versailles, and before the birth of his nephew, the king's son, the [[Dauphin of France|Dauphin]] [[Louis, Grand Dauphin|Louis de France]], in 1661, the Duke of Orléans' apartments in the [[Palace of Versailles]] were where the Dauphin's now are located. The apartments looked over the ''Parterres du Midi'' of the south and were directly under the ''Grand Appartement de la reine''. After the dauphin's birth, the Orléans had to move to the north wing and occupied large quarters there. These looked out onto the ''Parterres du Midi'' of the south. The family also had apartments where the modern day ''Galerie des batailles'' are. This area was used by the Duke himself, his second wife, [[Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate]], his son, [[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Philippe II]] and daughter-in-law, [[Françoise-Marie de Bourbon]]. The apartments of the family were later moved to the bottom floor of the north wing, opposite the [[Chapels of Versailles|Chapelle Royal de Versailles]], this time looking over the ''Parterres du Midi'' of the north. The family had been moved in order to accommodate three of Louis XV's daughters, [[Adélaïde of France|Madame Adélaïde]], [[Victoire of France|Madame Victoire]], and [[Sophie of France|Madame Sophie]]. The family remained there till the [[French Revolution]].

<gallery mode="packed" heights="120">
Versailles Garden.jpg|''Parterres du Midi'' at [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]] 
The Palais Royal in 1680 by a member of the Perelle family.png|[[Palais Royal]], Paris (1679)
View of the estate of Saint Cloud by Étienne Allegrain.jpg|[[Château de Saint-Cloud]]
</gallery>

===Inheritances===
[[Image:Portrait of Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon by Vigée Lebrun.jpg|220px|right|thumb|[[Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon]] who brought much wealth to the family]]
Along with their government allowances and because the family were known as the ''Premier Princes du Sang'', they often received fortunes and titles from inheritances:
* In 1693 after the death of Philippe's older cousin, ''[[Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier|La Grande Mademoiselle]]''.
** From this the family received the ducal titles of Montpensier, Châtellerault, the marquessate of Mézières-en-Brenne, the counties of Mortain, of Bar-sur-Seine, the viscountcies of Auge and of Domfront.
** In addition, he also received the barony of Beaujolais, which was later raised to the rank of county, and the principality of Joinville.
* In 1769, [[Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon]], the greatest heiress of her time as the sole surviving child of her father, the famously wealthy [[Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of Penthièvre|Duke of Penthièvre]], married her cousin, [[Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Louis Philippe II d'Orléans]], then Duke of Chatres and later called ''Philippe Égalité''.
** After the wedding, the Duke of Orléans received his wife's [[dowry]] of six million livres, the equivalent of around [[£]]20,000,000 today.
** The Orléans couple then obtained an annual income of 240,000 livres. This later increased to 400,000 livres. The couple also received furniture as part of the marriage settlement.
* The death of the [[Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of Penthièvre|Duke of Penthièvre]].
** In 1793 the wealthy Duke of Penthièvre died and left his whole fortune and lands to his daughter [[Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon-Penthièvre|Louise Marie Adélaïde]]. His previous heir had been his son, the [[Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon, prince de Lamballe|prince de Lamballe]], who died young in 1768.

'''''Châteaux'''''
The family also later acquired many other châteaux around the country. Among these were the:
* ''[[Château de Bagnolet (Paris)|Château de Bagnolet]]'' in Paris. This was bought in 1719 by the "Regent", Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, but was sold in 1769 by his grandson.
* ''[[Château du Raincy]]'' – bought in 1769 by the father of [[Philippe Égalité]].
* ''[[Château de Maison-Rouge]] at Gagny'' – bought in 1771 from the ''Marquis de Montfermeil'', it was confiscated during the revolution.
* ''[[Château de Sainte-Assise]]'' at [[Seine-Port]] was given as a present by [[Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|Louis Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans]], to his morganatic wife, [[Madame de Montesson]]. After his death, she sold it to the Count of Provence (the future [[Louis XVIII]]), in 1787.
* ''[[Castle of Saint-Leu|Château de Saint-Leu]]'', in the [[Val-d'Oise]] area of France. This would later be bought by [[Louis Bonaparte]] and his wife.
* [[Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans]], also acquired the land in the north east of Paris that became the [[Parc Monceau]].

<gallery mode="packed" heights="120">
Bagnolet par Rigaud, Jacques.1730.jpg|[[Château de Bagnolet (Paris)|Château de Bagnolet]], Paris
Le Raincy, Chateau.jpg|[[Château du Raincy]]
File:Sainte-Assise, Château.jpg|Château de Sainte-Assise
Saint-Leu - Le château vers 1807.jpg|[[Castle of Saint-Leu|Château de Saint-Leu]]
</gallery>

Upon the death of the Duke of Orléans's father-in-law in 1793 (the hugely wealthy [[Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of Penthièvre|Duke of Penthièvre]]), the ''House of Orléans'' became the richest in France, however not for a long time. During the [[French Revolution]] the surviving members of the House of Orléans sought refuge in exile and their properties were confiscated and mostly resold to new owners. After the [[Bourbon Restoration in France|Bourbon Restoration]] of 1815 some of the properties were restituted to the Orléans branch of the Bourbons.

During the [[July Monarchy]], the now reigning royal family acquired the:
* ''[[Château de Neuilly]]'' – on the borders of 18th-century Paris.
* ''[[Château de Maison-Rouge]] in Gagny'' – this was given back to the family whilst the Bourbon-Orléans were on the throne of France.
* ''[[Château de La Ferté-Vidame]]'' – this had also been confiscated during the [[French Revolution]] and was the property of [[Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon-Penthièvre]]. She had inherited it from her father. On her death it passed to her son, the future King [[Louis-Philippe of France|Louis-Philippe of the French]].

<gallery mode="packed" heights="120">
Chateau de Neuilly.png|[[Château de Neuilly]]
La Ferté-Vidame, Eure et Loir, château bu fv 1.jpg|[[Château de La Ferté-Vidame]]
</gallery>

After King [[Louis Philippe I]] had died in exile in [[Claremont (country house)|Claremont House]], Surrey, in 1850, his property in the [[French Second Republic]] was split between his many children and grandchildren. All male members of the House of Orléans were exiled from France by law between 1886 and 1950. When [[Henri, Count of Paris (1908–1999)]], returned to France in 1950, he didn't find much property left, except for a few castles which produced no income. Having 11 children and divorcing his wife, he decided, in 1974, to transfer the most important family assets to a family foundation, ''Fondation Saint-Louis'', in order to save them from future inheritance distribution and taxes.<ref>[http://www.fondation-saint-louis.com/ Website ''Fondation Saint-Louis''] (fr.)</ref> The respective head of the House of Orléans is honorary chairman of the foundation. Its assets comprise [[Château d'Amboise]] (with a family museum), the Château de [[Bourbon-l'Archambault]] and the Château de [[Dreux]] (private residence), with the [[Chapelle royale de Dreux]], the necropolis of the Orléans royal family. He sold further property, resulting in legal action by his sons, and still died heavily in debt.

<gallery mode="packed" heights="120">
Amboise castle, aerial view.jpg|[[Château d'Amboise]] 
Chateau de Bourbon l'Archambault 01.jpg|Château de [[Bourbon-l'Archambault]]
Dreux 06 (RaBoe).jpg|Château de [[Dreux]] 
Domaine de la chapelle royale Saint-Louis.jpg|[[Chapelle royale de Dreux]]
</gallery>

==Cadet branches==
[[Image:Brasão_do_Ramo_de_Vassouras.png|thumb|upright|Arms of the House of Orléans-Braganza]]

===House of Orléans-Braganza===
{{main article|House of Orléans-Braganza}}
On 15 October 1864 at [[Rio de Janeiro]] the [[Gaston, Count of Eu|eldest son]] of [[Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours|Louis Charles Philippe Raphael d'Orléans]], [[Duke of Nemours]] (son of King [[Louis Philippe of France]]) married Dona [[Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil]], eldest daughter and heiress of [[Emperor of Brazil|Emperor]] Dom [[Pedro II of Brazil]].

It was from that marriage the royal house of [[Brazilian Imperial Family|Orléans-Braganza]] was formed. Today they are the present claimants to the throne of the former [[Empire of Brazil]], which ended with the [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|Brazilian Imposition of the republic]] on 15 November 1889 after a military [[coup d'état]] headed by Marshall [[Deodoro da Fonseca]], who became the first [[President of Brazil]].

===House of Orléans-Galliera===
{{see also|Duke of Galliera}}
[[File:Coat of Arms of the House of Orleans-Galliera (Since 1997).svg|thumb|upright|Arms of the House of Orléans-Galliera]]
In the [[Affair of the Spanish Marriages]], Louis Philippe arranged for the marriage of his youngest son, [[Antoine, Duke of Montpensier]], to [[Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier|Infanta Luisa Fernanda of Spain]], younger sister of [[Isabella II]]. It was generally thought that she would succeed her sister as queen, since the Spanish queen's prospective husband was the effeminate [[Francis, Duke of Cádiz]].

The British wanted a prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha for the Spanish princess, and claimed that her future children with Montpensier would not be able to succeed to the French throne, due to the [[Treaty of Utrecht]], wherein Montpensier's ancestor the Duke of Orleans renounced his rights to succeed to the Spanish throne for himself and his descendants. Louis Philippe opposed this interpretation and claimed that the only purpose of the Treaty of Utrecht was to keep France and Spain separate.

On 10 October 1846, Montpensier married Infanta Luisa, on the same day her sister Isabella II married Cádiz. However, the marriage of Isabella II produced many children. Montpensier funded the rebels, which helped to overthrow the government of his sister-in-law. However, the Cortes elected [[Amadeo I of Spain|Amadeo of Savoy]] instead of him.

Montpensier was later reconciled to the restored Bourbons, and his daughter married [[Alfonso XII of Spain]], son of Isabella II. Montpensier's son, [[Infante Antonio, Duke of Galliera|Infante Antonio]], successfully claimed the succession to the [[Duke of Galliera|dukedom of Galliera]], from which this branch takes its name.

==See also==
*[[Prince d'Orléans]]
*[[Princes of Orléans]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=Note}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite Q|Q107259083}}<!-- Orleanists  -->

==External links==
{{Commons category|House of Orléans}}
* [https://www.dorleans.org Généalogie de la famille royale de France]
* [https://comtedeparis.com/ Official website of the Count of Paris]

{{s-start}}
{{s-royalhouse|House of Orléans|[[House of Bourbon]]|1660}}
{{s-bef|before=[[House of Bourbon]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Dynasty|Ruling House]] of France|years=9 August 1830 – 24 February 1848}}
{{s-non|reason=Monarchy abolished|reason2=[[Second French Republic|Second French Republic declared]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Princesses of Orléans by marriage}}
{{Kings of france}}
{{French Pretenders}}
{{Royal houses of France}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Orleans, House of}}
[[Category:House of Orléans| ]]
[[Category:House of Bourbon (France)]]
[[Category:Dukes of Orléans]]
[[Category:Duchesses of Orléans]]
[[Category:Dukes of Guise]]