View source for Hong Xiguan

{{short description|Chinese martial artist}}
{{No footnotes|date=April 2010}}
{{family name hatnote|[[Hong (Chinese surname)|Hong]]|lang=Chinese}}
{{Infobox martial artist 
| name             = Hong Xiguan
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| birth_date       = {{birth year|1745}}
| birth_place      = [[Huadu District|Hua County]], [[Guangdong|Guangdong Province]], [[Qing dynasty|Qing Empire]]
| death_date       = {{Death year and age|1825|1745}}
| death_place      = ''unknown''
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| native_name      = 洪熙官
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| martial_art      = [[Hung Ga Kuen]]
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| teacher          = [[Jee Sin Sim See]]
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| occupation       = Martial artist
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| students         = Luk Ah-choi <br> Lei Jou-fun
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{{Chinese martial arts}}

'''Hong Xiguan''' (1745–1825) was a Chinese martial artist who lived in the [[Qing dynasty]]. He was also an influential figure in the [[Nanquan (martial arts)|Southern school]] of [[Chinese martial arts]]. His name is also alternatively romanised as '''Hung Hei-gun''', '''Hung Hei-koon''', '''Hung Hei-kwun''', '''Hung Hsi-kuan''', and similar renditions. He was believed to be the creator and founder of [[Hung Ga Kuen]].

==Life==
Hong was originally a tea merchant. He escaped to the [[Southern Shaolin Monastery]] in [[Fujian|Fujian province]] after having an argument with [[Manchu people|Manchus]] elites. The abbot, [[Jee Sin Sim See|Jee-sin]], accepted him into the monastery and soon found out how talented and hardworking he was in [[Nanquan (martial art)|Southern Shaolin martial arts]]. Jee-sin was impressed by these qualities and soon began to teach Hong the ''Bak Fu Pai'' (White Tiger Fist) that he specialised in. After six years, Hong became the best among the "[[Upāsaka|lay]]" members of Southern Shaolin Monastery. These "lay" members refer to people who learnt Southern Shaolin martial arts but were not ordained as monks in the monastery. However, Qing government forces destroyed Southern Shaolin Monastery later because the monastery provided refuge for many rebels seeking to overthrow the Qing dynasty.

==Students==
Hong had two notable students: Luk Ah-choi (陸阿采) and Lei Jou-fan (李祖寬). Luk learnt Southern Shaolin martial arts from both Hong and Hong's master, [[Jee Sin Sim See|Reverend Jee-sin]]. He founded the [[Hung Ga]] style of martial arts, which he named after the ''[[Tiandihui|Hung-mun]]'', a Chinese fraternal organisation that was associated with the anti-Qing revolutionary movement. Lei founded the [[Hung Fut]] style of martial arts.

==Cultural references==
[[Donnie Yen]] portrayed Hong in the 1994 Hong Kong television series ''[[The Kung Fu Master (TV series)|The Kung Fu Master]]'', which was produced by [[Asia Television Limited|ATV]] and based on legends about Hong and [[Fong Sai-yuk]]. [[Jet Li]] also portrayed Hong in the 1994 Hong Kong film ''[[The New Legend of Shaolin]]'', which was loosely based on Hong's life and incorporated elements from the Japanese manga ''[[Lone Wolf and Cub]]''.

[[Chen Kuan-tai]] portrayed Hong in the 1977 [[Shaw Brothers]] film, ''[[Executioners from Shaolin]]'', directed by [[Lau Kar-leung]].

==See also==
* [[Hung Ga]]
* [[Hung Fut]]
* [[Jee Sin Sim See]]

==References==
<references/>
*''Beginning Shaolin Hung-Gar Kung Fu'' - John Leong 
*''Hung Gar Kung Fu: Chinese art of self defense'' - Bucksam Kong and Eugene H. Ho, copyright 1973 Ohara Publications Inc.
*''[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZIEJeH3oewAC The Tiger/Crane Form of Hung Gar Kung Fu]'' - Bucksam Kong, copyright 1983 Ohara Publications Inc.
*''[[Kung Fu Magazine]]'' - Sept.1999, Pacific Rim publications, Arnaldo Ty Nunez

{{Qing Dynasty Buddhists}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hong, Xiguan}}
[[Category:1745 births]]
[[Category:1825 deaths]]
[[Category:Buddhist folklore]]
[[Category:Chinese folklore]]
[[Category:Chinese Hung Gar practitioners]]
[[Category:People from Huadu District]]
[[Category:Qing dynasty Buddhists]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Guangzhou]]
[[Category:Martial artists from Guangdong]]
[[Category:Buddhism in China]]
[[Category:18th-century Chinese people]]
[[Category:19th-century Chinese people]]