View source for Hong Kong New Wave

{{Short description|Film movement in Chinese language cinema}}
{{Infobox film movement
| name           = Hong Kong New Wave
| image          = File: Tony Leung Chiu Wai and Zhang Ziyi (Berlin Film Festival 2013) 2.jpg
| image_size     = 
| caption        = New Wave actor [[Tony Leung Chiu-wai]]
| yearsactive    = late 1970s to present
| country        = Hong Kong
| influences     = Golden Age Chinese Cinema, [[French New Wave]]
| influenced    = [[Korean Wave|South Korean New Wave]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lee|first=Hyung-Sook|title=Peripherals Encounter: The Hong Kong Film Syndrome in South Korea|journal=Discourse |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41389754|date=2006|volume=28 |issue=2/3 |pages=98–113 |doi=10.1353/dis.2006.a250372 |jstor=41389754 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> [[Sundance Institute|American Independent cinema]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Saperstein|first=Pat|title=Hong Kong Director Ringo Lam Dies at 63|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/ringo-lam-dead-dies-city-on-fire-1203096650/|date=2018-12-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Shaw|first=Tristan|title='City on Fire': Behind the story and influence of Ringo Lam's classic|url=https://supchina.com/2019/03/22/city-on-fire-behind-the-story-and-influence-of-ringo-lams-classic/|date=2019-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921170209/https://supchina.com/2019/03/22/city-on-fire-behind-the-story-and-influence-of-ringo-lams-classic/ |archive-date=21 September 2020}}</ref> [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Wong Kar-wai – Hong Kong director of In the Mood for Love, Chungking Express and Happy Together – inspired filmmakers like Sofia Coppola and Barry Jenkins|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3093301/how-wong-kar-wai-hong-kong-director-mood-love-chungking|date=2020-07-16}}</ref>
}}
The '''Hong Kong New Wave''' is a film movement in [[Chinese language|Chinese-language]] [[Cinema of Hong Kong|Hong Kong cinema]] that emerged in the late 1970s and lasted through the early 2000s until the present time.

==Origins of the movement==
[[File:Director Ann Hui @ Broadway Cinematheque.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Ann Hui]] was among the Hong Kong New Wave]]
The Hong Kong New Wave started in 1979 with the release of numerous notable films. During the 1980s, the Hong Kong film industry began to flourish. Film emerged as the most popular form of entertainment in Hong Kong, in part because many Chinese households did not have a TV at the time.<ref name=Yingjin>{{cite book|last1=Zhang|first1=Yingjin|title=Chinese national cinema|date=2004|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=9780415172899|pages=156–178}}</ref> Many of the New Wave directors had a Western-style education and were influenced by western filmmaking and culture.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Desser|first1=David|last2=Fu|first2=Poshek|title=The Cinema of Hong Kong : history, arts, identity|date=2000|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK; New York, NY|isbn=9780521772358|page=104}}</ref> The films of the Hong Kong New Wave were not stylistically homogenous, rather the term was used to mark the distinction of a new generation of filmmakers.<ref name=Curtin>{{cite book|last1=Curtin|first1=Michael|title=Playing to the world's biggest audience : the globalization of Chinese film and TV|date=2007|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=9780520940734|page=60}}</ref> Films of the Hong Kong New Wave utilized new technology and techniques such as synchronous sound, new editing techniques, and filming movies on location.<ref name=Zhang>{{cite book|last1=Zhang|first1=Yingjin|title=A companion to Chinese cinema|date=23 April 2012|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.|location=Malden, Mass|isbn=9781444355994|page=97|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HW9nMGuYtGkC&pg=PA97|access-date=23 December 2015}}</ref>

==First Wave and Second Wave==
The Hong Kong New Wave is considered to have two distinct periods. The first period, also called the "Hong Kong New Wave" or alternatively called the "First Wave",<ref name="Harries">{{cite web |last1=Harries |first1=Samuel |title=Hong Kong New Wave Films: The First Wave (1979 - 1989) |url=https://www.movementsinfilm.com/blog/hong-kong-new-wave-films-first-wave-1979-1989 |website=Movements in Film |date=21 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref> began in the late 1970s and lasted into the mid to late 1980s. The second period, called the "Second New Wave", is considered to have begun in 1984. Directors of the Second New Wave include [[Stanley Kwan]], [[Wong Kar-wai]], [[Mabel Cheung]], [[Alex Law]], [[Fruit Chan]], [[Peter Chan]], and [[Tammy Cheung]].<ref name=Zhang />

=== ''First Wave'' ===
* ''[[Cops and Robbers (1979 film)|Cops and Robbers]] (Alex Cheung Kwok-ming, 1979)''
* ''[[The Secret (1979 film)|The Secret]] ([[Ann Hui]], 1979)''
* ''[[The Butterfly Murders]] ([[Tsui Hark]], 1979)''
* ''[[The Spooky Bunch]] ([[Ann Hui]], 1980)''
* ''[[We're Going to Eat You]] ([[Tsui Hark]], 1980)''
* ''[[Dangerous Encounters of the First Kind]] ([[Tsui Hark]], 1980)''
* ''[[The Sword (film)|The Sword]] ([[Patrick Tam (film director)|Patrick Tam]], 1980)''
* ''[[Father and Son (1981 film)|Father and Son]] ([[Allen Fong]], 1981)''
* ''[[Love Massacre]] ([[Patrick Tam (film director)|Patrick Tam]], 1981)''
* ''[[The Club (1981 film)|The Club]] ([[Kirk Wong]], 1981)''
* ''[[All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution]] ([[Tsui Hark]], 1981)''
* ''[[The Story of Woo Viet]] ([[Ann Hui]], 1981)''
* ''[[The Imp (1981 film)|The Imp]] ([[Dennis Yu]], 1981)''
* ''[[Boat People (1982 film)|Boat People]] ([[Ann Hui]], 1982)''
* ''[[Lonely Fifteen]] (David Lai, 1982)''
* ''[[Nomad (1982 film)|Nomad]] ([[Patrick Tam (film director)|Patrick Tam]], 1982)''
* ''[[Zu Warriors from the Magic Mountain]] ([[Tsui Hark]], 1983)''
* ''[[Health Warning]] ([[Kirk Wong]], 1983)''
* ''[[Ah Ying]] ([[Allen Fong]], 1983)''
* ''[[Hong Kong, Hong Kong (1983 film)|Hong Kong, Hong Kong]] (Clifford Choi, 1983)''
* ''[[Homecoming (1984 film)|Homecoming]] ([[Yim Ho]], 1984)''
* ''[[Love in a Fallen City (film)|Love in a Fallen City]] ([[Ann Hui]], 1984)''
* ''[[Shanghai Blues]] ([[Tsui Hark]], 1984)''

=== ''Second Wave'' ===
* ''[[The Illegal Immigrant]] ([[Mabel Cheung]], 1985)''
* ''[[A Better Tomorrow]] ([[John Woo]], 1986)''
* ''[[Love Unto Waste]] ([[Stanley Kwan]], 1986)''
* ''[[An Autumn's Tale]] ([[Mabel Cheung]], 1987)''
* ''[[Rouge (film)|Rouge]] ([[Stanley Kwan]], 1987)''
* ''[[As Tears Go By (film)|As Tears Go By]] ([[Wong Kar-wai|Wong Kar Wai]], 1988)''
* ''[[Days of Being Wild]] ([[Wong Kar-wai|Wong Kar Wai]], 1990)''
* ''[[Cageman]] (Jacob Cheung, 1992)''
* ''[[Chungking Express]] ([[Wong Kar-wai|Wong Kar Wai]], 1994)''
* ''[[Fallen Angels (1995 film)|Fallen Angels]] ([[Wong Kar-wai]], 1995)''
* ''[[Happy Together (1997 film)|Happy Together]] ([[Wong Kar-wai]], 1997)''
* ''[[Made in Hong Kong (film)|Made in Hong Kong]] ([[Fruit Chan]], 1997)''
* ''[[Infernal Affairs]] ([[Andrew Lau]] and [[Alan Mak (director)|Alan Mak]], 2002)''

==Notable directors==
* [[Alex Cheung Kwok Ming]] ([[:zh:章國明|章國明]])<ref name="Gao">{{cite web |last1=Gao |first1=Sally |title=A History Of Hong Kong's New Wave Cinema |url=https://theculturetrip.com/asia/china/hong-kong/articles/a-history-hong-kongs-new-wave-cinema/ |website=Culture Trip |date=31 December 2016 |access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref>
* [[Allen Fong]] ([[:zh:方育平|方育平]])<ref name="Gao" />
* [[Ann Hui]] ([[:zh:許鞍華|許鞍華]])<ref name="Gao" />
* Clifford Choi ([[:zh:蔡繼光|蔡繼光]])<ref name="Harries" />
* [[Dennis Yu]] (余允抗)<ref name="Harries" />
* [[Fruit Chan]] ([[:zh:陈果|陳果]])<ref name="Harries" />
* [[John Woo]] ([[:zh:吴宇森|吳宇森]])<ref name="Harries" />
* [[Kirk Wong]] ([[:zh:黃志強 (導演)|黃志強]])<ref name="Harries" />
* [[Patrick Tam (film director)|Patrick Tam]] ([[:zh:譚家明|譚家明]])<ref name="Gao" />
* [[Tsui Hark]] ([[:zh:徐克|徐克]])<ref name="Gao" />
* [[Wong Kar-wai]] ([[:zh:王家卫|王家衛]])<ref name="Harries" />
* [[Yim Ho]] ([[:zh:嚴浩|嚴浩]])<ref name="Gao" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://gbtimes.com/rise-hong-kong-new-wave-cinema The rise of Hong Kong New Wave cinema on GB Times]
* [http://www.screeningthepast.com/2015/01/hong-kong-new-wave-cinema-1978-2000/ Screening the Past article about a HK New Wave book]
* [http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2016/the-30-best-hong-kong-movies-of-all-time/ The 30 Best Hong Kong Movies of All Time on Taste of Cinema] (featuring HK New Wave titles by John Woo and Wong Kar Wai)

{{New Wave in cinema |state=collapsed}}
{{film genres}}

[[Category:Cinema of Hong Kong|New Wave]]
[[Category:New Wave in cinema]]
[[Category:Movements in cinema]]
[[Category:1970s in film]]
[[Category:1980s in film]]
[[Category:1990s in film]]
[[Category:2000s in film]]