View source for Hishammuddin Hussein

{{short description|Malaysian politician}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Malay name|Hishammuddin|Hussein|note=on}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = [[Malay titles#Honorary styles|Yang Berhormat]] [[Malay titles#Dato' Seri|Dato' Seri]]
| name                = Hishammuddin Hussein
| native_name         = {{lang|ms|{{Script|Arab|هشام الدين حسين}}}}
| honorific-suffix    = {{post-nominals|country=MYS|size=100|SPMP (Perlis)|SSAP|SPDK|SIMP|DGSM|DPMJ|PNBS|DSAP|MP}}
| image               = Hishammuddin Hussein in 2018.jpg
| caption             = Hishammuddin in 2018
| office              = Treasurer General of the [[Barisan Nasional]]
| term_start          = 23 October 2019
| term_end            = 27 April 2023
| 1blankname          = Chairman
| 1namedata           = [[Ahmad Zahid Hamidi]]
| predecessor         = [[Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor]]
| successor           = [[Johari Abdul Ghani]]
| office1             = Deputy President of the<br/>[[United Malays National Organisation]]
| term_label1         = Acting
| term_start1         = 12 May 2018
| term_end1           = 30 June 2018
| president1          = Ahmad Zahid Hamidi (''acting'')
| predecessor1        = Ahmad Zahid Hamidi (''acting'')
| successor1          = [[Mohamad Hasan (politician)|Mohamad Hasan]]
| office2             = Vice President of the<br/>[[United Malays National Organisation]]
| term_start2         = 26 March 2009
| term_end2           = 30 June 2018
| president2          = {{unbulleted list|Najib Razak|Ahmad Zahid Hamidi (''acting'')}}
| predecessor2        = [[Mohd Ali Rustam]]
| successor2          = [[Mohamed Khaled Nordin]]
| office3             = 12th [[UMNO Youth|Youth Chief]] of the<br/>[[United Malays National Organisation]]
| term_start3         = 1999
| term_end3           = 2009
| president3          = {{unbulleted list|Mahathir Mohamad|Abdullah Ahmad Badawi}}
| predecessor3        = Ahmad Zahid Hamidi
| successor3          = [[Khairy Jamaluddin]]
| office4             = [[Senior Minister of Malaysia|Senior Minister of Security Cluster]]
| term_start4         = 30 August 2021
| term_end4           = 24 November 2022
| monarch4            = [[Abdullah of Pahang|Abdullah]]
| primeminister4      = [[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]
| predecessor4        = ''Himself''
| successor4          = ''Position abolished''
| term_start5         = 7 July 2021
| term_end5           = 16 August 2021
| monarch5            = Abdullah
| primeminister5      = [[Muhyiddin Yassin]]
| predecessor5        = Ismail Sabri Yaakob
| successor5          = ''Himself''
| office6             = [[Minister of Defence (Malaysia)|Minister of Defence]]
| term_start6         = 30 August 2021
| term_end6           = 24 November 2022
| monarch6            = Abdullah
| primeminister6      = Ismail Sabri Yaakob
| predecessor6        = Ismail Sabri Yaakob
| successor6          = [[Mohamad Hasan (politician)|Mohamad Hasan]]
| term_start7         = 16 May 2013
| term_end7           = 10 May 2018
| monarch7            = {{unbulleted list|[[Abdul Halim of Kedah|Abdul Halim]]|[[Muhammad V of Kelantan|Muhammad V]]}}
| primeminister7      = [[Najib Razak]]
| predecessor7        = [[Ahmad Zahid Hamidi]]
| successor7          = [[Mohamad Sabu]]
| office8             = [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Malaysia)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
| term_start8         = 10 March 2020
| term_end8           = 16 August 2021
| monarch8            = Abdullah
| primeminister8      = Muhyiddin Yassin
| predecessor8        = [[Saifuddin Abdullah]]
| successor8          = [[Saifuddin Abdullah]]
| office9             = [[Minister in the Prime Minister's Department|Minister with Special Functions]]
| term_start9         = 12 April 2017
| term_end9           = 10 May 2018
| monarch9            = Muhammad V
| primeminister9      = Najib Razak
| predecessor9        = ''Position restored''
| successor9          = ''Position vacated''
| office10            = [[Minister of Transport (Malaysia)|Minister of Transport]]
| term_label10        = Acting
| term_start10        = 16 May 2013
| term_end10          = 24 June 2014
| monarch10           = Abdul Halim
| primeminister10     = Najib Razak
| predecessor10       = [[Kong Cho Ha]]
| successor10         = [[Liow Tiong Lai]]
| office11            = [[Minister of Home Affairs (Malaysia)|Minister of Home Affairs]]
| term_start11        = 10 April 2009
| term_end11          = 20 April 2013
| monarch11           = {{unbulleted list|[[Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu|Mizan Zainal Abidin]]|Abdul Halim}}
| primeminister11     = Najib Razak
| predecessor11       = [[Syed Hamid Albar]]
| successor11         = Ahmad Zahid Hamidi
| office12            = [[Minister of Education (Malaysia)|Minister of Education]]
| term_start12        = 27 March 2004
| term_end12          = 10 April 2009
| monarch12           = {{unbulleted list|[[Sirajuddin of Perlis|Sirajuddin]]|Mizan Zainal Abidin}}
| primeminister12     = {{unbulleted list|[[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]]|Najib Razak}}
| predecessor12       = [[Musa Mohamad]]
| successor12         = Muhyiddin Yassin
| office13            = [[Minister of Youth and Sports (Malaysia)|Minister of Youth and Sports]]
| term_start13        = 15 December 1999
| term_end13          = 26 March 2004
| monarch13           = {{unbulleted list|[[Salahuddin of Selangor|Salahuddin]]|Sirajuddin}}
| primeminister13     = {{unbulleted list|[[Mahathir Mohamad]]|Abdullah Ahmad Badawi}}
| predecessor13       = Muhyiddin Yassin
| successor13         = [[Azalina Othman Said]]
| office14            = [[Ministers of Plantation Industries and Commodities (Malaysia)|Deputy Minister of Primary Industries]]
| term_start14        = 12 November 1996
| term_end14          = 14 December 1999
| monarch14           = {{unbulleted list|[[Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan|Ja'afar]]|Salahuddin}}
| primeminister14     = Mahathir Mohamad
| minister14          = [[Lim Keng Yaik]]
| predecessor14       = Siti Zainaboon Abu Bakar
| successor14         = [[Anifah Aman]]
| parliament15        = Malaysian
| constituency_MP15   = [[Sembrong (federal constituency)|Sembrong]]
| term_start15        = 21 March 2004
| term_end15          = 
| majority15          = 16,978 ([[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]])<br/>11,570 ([[2008 Malaysian general election|2008]])<br/>10,631 ([[2013 Malaysian general election|2013]])<br/>6,662 ([[2018 Malaysian general election|2018]])<br/>10,880 ([[2022 Malaysian general election|2022]])
| predecessor15       = ''Constituency established''
| successor15         = 
| parliament16        = Malaysian
| constituency_MP16   = [[Tenggara (federal constituency)|Tenggara]]
| term_start16        = 25 April 1995
| term_end16          = 21 March 2004
| majority16          = 24,518 ([[1995 Malaysian general election|1995]])<br/>20,817 ([[1999 Malaysian general election|1999]])
| predecessor16       = ''Constituency established''
| successor16         = [[Adham Baba]]
| birth_name          = Hishammuddin bin Hussein
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1961|8|5|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Johor Bahru]], [[Johor]], [[Federation of Malaya]]<br/>(now [[Malaysia]])
| residence           = [[Ampang, Kuala Lumpur|Ampang]], [[Kuala Lumpur]]
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[United Malays National Organisation]] (UMNO) Suspended membership on 27 January 2023.
| otherparty          = [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN) Suspended membership on 27 January 2023.
| occupation          = [[Politician]]
| profession          = [[Lawyer]]
| parents             = [[Hussein Onn]] (father)<br />[[Suhailah Noah]] (mother)
| spouse              = {{marriage|Tengku Marsilla Tengku Abdullah|1987}}
| children            = 4
| education           = [[Malay College Kuala Kangsar]] <br /> [[St. John's Institution]] <br /> [[Cheltenham College]]
| alma_mater          = [[Aberystwyth University]] ([[Bachelor of Laws|LLB]]) <br /> [[London School of Economics]] ([[Master of Laws|LLM]])
| website             = 
| footnotes           = 
| relations           = [[Jaafar Muhammad]] (great-grandfather) <br /> [[Onn Jaafar]] (grandfather) <br /> [[Mohamed Noah Omar]] (grandfather) <br /> [[Onn Hafiz Ghazi]] (nephew) <br /> [[Abdul Razak Hussein]] (uncle) <br /> [[Najib Razak]] (cousin) <br /> [[Yahya Awang]] (brother-in-law)
}}
'''Hishammuddin bin Hussein''' ([[Jawi alphabet|Jawi]]: هشام الدين بن حسين; born 5 August 1961) is a Malaysian politician and lawyer who served as [[Senior Minister of Malaysia|Senior Minister of the Security Cluster]] and [[Minister of Defence (Malaysia)|Minister of Defence]] from 2021 to 2022.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/157978/BERITA/Nasional/Hishammuddin-kembali-jadi-Menteri-Pertahanan|title=Hishammuddin kembali jadi Menteri Pertahanan|date=27 August 2021|access-date=4 August 2022|publisher=[[Sinar Harian]]|work=[[BERNAMA]]|language=ms}}</ref><ref name="ofthehour">{{cite news |title=The men of the hour – Ismail Sabri and Hishammuddin |url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/07/07/the-men-of-the-hour-ismail-sabri-and-hishammuddin/ |access-date=8 July 2021 |work=FMT |date=7 July 2021 |archive-date=7 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707132015/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/07/07/the-men-of-the-hour-ismail-sabri-and-hishammuddin/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A member of the [[United Malays National Organisation]] (UMNO), a component party of the [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN) coalition, he has been a [[Member of Parliament (Malaysia)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for [[Sembrong (federal constituency)|Sembrong]] since 2004, having previously been an MP for [[Tenggara (federal constituency)|Tenggara]] from 1995 to 2004.

Hishammuddin was born in [[Johor Bahru]] to [[Hussein Onn]] and [[Suhailah Noah]]. His father was the third [[prime minister of Malaysia]]. He attended [[Malay College Kuala Kangsar]], [[St. John's Institution]], Alice Smith School, and [[Cheltenham College]]. He then graduated with a [[Bachelor of Laws]] from [[Aberystwyth University]] and a [[Master of Laws]] from the [[London School of Economics]] before working as a [[lawyer]].<ref>[https://pru.sinarharian.com.my/calon/299/hishammuddin-hussein Hishammuddin Hussein]</ref> After making partner at Skrine, he started his own firm, Lee Hishammuddin, which later merged with Allen and Gledhill to form Lee Hishammuddin Allen and Gledhill.

On his return from the UK, Hishammuddin joined UMNO. He was first elected to the [[Dewan Rakyat]] in the [[1995 Malaysian general election|1995 election]], winning the seat of [[Tenggara (federal constituency)|Tenggara]]. He was later appointed deputy minister and was promoted to full minister in 1999. In 1999, he was elected as UMNO's youth chief, and subsequently as its vice president in 2009. Since then, he has held various [[Minister (government)|ministerial positions]] until the defeat of BN in the [[2018 Malaysian general election|2018 election]]. Despite the defeat, he managed to retain his [[Sembrong]] seat.

At the beginning of the [[2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis|political crisis]] that started in 2020, Hishammuddin returned to the [[Muhyiddin cabinet|cabinet]] as [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Malaysia)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] under the [[Perikatan Nasional]] (PN) coalition led by [[Muhyiddin Yassin]]. Amid the worsening political crisis in July 2021, Muhyiddin appointed Hishammuddin as [[Senior Minister of Malaysia|Senior Minister of Security Cluster]] to replace [[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]], who was appointed [[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia|Deputy Prime Minister]]. He briefly served in the office until August 2021, after Muhyiddin announced his resignation. Two weeks after that, Hishammuddin returned again to the [[Ismail Sabri cabinet|cabinet]] under the new prime minister [[Ismail Sabri Yaakob|Ismail Sabri]], who re-appointed him as senior minister. He was also appointed the [[Minister of Defence (Malaysia)|Minister of Defence]], an office he had held previously from 2013 to 2018.

== Early life and education ==
Hishammuddin was born on 5 August 1961,<ref name="ofthehour"/> the fourth child and the eldest son of [[Hussein Onn]], who became the third [[Prime Minister of Malaysia]], and [[Suhaila Noah]].<ref name=malayinsider>{{cite news |title=Tun Suhailah, widow of 3rd PM Tun Hussein Onn, dies at 82 |url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/tun-suhailah-widow-of-3rd-pm-tun-hussein-onn-dies-at-82 |work=[[The Malaysian Insider]] |date=2014-10-04 |access-date=2014-10-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023023912/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/tun-suhailah-widow-of-3rd-pm-tun-hussein-onn-dies-at-82 |archive-date=23 October 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> He is the grandson of [[Onn Jaafar]], a prominent [[Malay (ethnic group)|Malay]] leader and the founder of the [[United Malays National Organisation]] (UMNO), whose mother was a [[Circassians|Circassian]] and born in the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aksiyon.com.tr/aksiyon/haber-28971-malezyanin-osmanlilari.html |title=Malezya'nın Osmanlıları |date=21 March 2011 |first=Zafer |last=Özcan |website=www.aksiyon.com.tr |access-date=2014-04-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140420001530/http://www.aksiyon.com.tr/aksiyon/haber-28971-malezyanin-osmanlilari.html |archive-date=20 April 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx?file=%2f2007%2f4%2f1%2flifefocus%2f17281586&sec=lifefocus |title=Taking root, branching out|date=April 1, 2007 |first=Dzireena |last=Mahadzir |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804020153/http://www.thestar.com.my/story/?file=%2f2007%2f4%2f1%2flifefocus%2f17281586&sec=lifefocus |archive-date=4 August 2017}}</ref>

Hishammuddin attended the [[Malay College Kuala Kangsar]] before his father became [[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia|Deputy Prime Minister]] in 1973. Upon his father's appointment to the office, he attended [[St. John's Institution]], and then the Alice Smith School, in Kuala Lumpur, before attending the English public school [[Cheltenham College]] in [[Gloucestershire]].

Hishammuddin graduated with a [[Bachelor of Laws]] (LLB) degree from the [[University of Wales, Aberystwyth]], in 1984. He also attended the [[London School of Economics]] and received a [[Master of Laws]] (LLM) degree in Commercial and Corporate Law in 1988.

== Early career ==
After completing his studies in UK, Hishammuddin returned to Malaysia in 1989. He joined [[UMNO]] and began his career as a [[lawyer]].<ref name="lawyer"/> He became a partner of Skrine & Co (present day Skrine), the largest law firm in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/hisham-leaves-behind-unforgettable-legacy-38404|title=Hisham leaves behind unforgettable legacy|date=25 June 2014|accessdate=6 August 2022|publisher=[[Astro Awani]]}}</ref> In 1993, he left Skrine & Co to set up his own law firm with Thomas Mun Lung Lee, and the established law firm was known as Lee Hishammuddin (present day Lee Hishammuddin Allen & Gledhill).<ref name="lawyer">{{cite news|url=https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/newsbreak-partners-one-countrys-biggest-law-firms-bitter-feud|title=Newsbreak: Partners in one of the country's biggest law firms in bitter feud|date=25 February 2020|accessdate=6 August 2022|publisher=[[The Edge Markets]]}}</ref>

== Political career ==
Hishammuddin rose through the ranks of UMNO's youth wing in the 1990s, becoming its national chief in 1998. He assumed the position at a time when [[UMNO Youth]] had been torn apart by the sacking of Deputy Prime Minister [[Anwar Ibrahim]], who was popular among young UMNO members. Hishammuddin's predecessor, [[Ahmad Zahid Hamidi]], had been a core supporter of Anwar.<ref name="Sinar">{{cite news|url=http://www.sinarharian.com.my/politik/hishammuddin-atasi-persepsi-dikata-lembik-1.212872 |title=Hishammuddin atasi persepsi dikata 'lembik' |date=20 October 2013 |work=Sinar Harian |language=ms |access-date=1 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023150152/http://www.sinarharian.com.my/politik/hishammuddin-atasi-persepsi-dikata-lembik-1.212872 |archive-date=23 October 2013 }}</ref>

In 1995, Hishammuddin had been elected to the federal parliament for the [[Johor]]-based seat of [[Bandar Tenggara|Tenggara]]. He was immediately appointed as Parliamentary Secretary for International Trade and Industry in the government of [[Mahathir Mohamad]]. His rise to the leadership of UMNO Youth in 1998 coincided with his elevation to the full ministry the following year, as the Minister for Youth and Sport. He retained his parliamentary seat in the [[1999 Malaysian general election|1999 election]].<ref name="Sinar"/>

In 2004, the Barisan Nasional government, now led by [[Abdullah Badawi]], was returned to power with Hishammuddin holding the newly created seat of [[Sembrong]]. Hishammuddin was re-elected as the leader of UMNO Youth and appointed Minister for Education.<ref name="Sinar"/>

In 2009, the resignation of [[Abdullah Badawi]] as prime minister caused a shake-up in UMNO's senior leadership. [[Najib Razak]], Hishammuddin's cousin, became UMNO's president and the prime minister, [[Muhyiddin Yassin]] became Najib's deputy in both the party and the government, and the three UMNO vice-presidencies were up for election. Hishammuddin, vacating the leadership of UMNO Youth, contested the vice-presidencies, finishing in second place in an eight-man field. His ascension to the party's vice-presidency in turn guaranteed him a senior Cabinet post,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://web10.bernama.com/umno2009/index.php?lang=en&sid=newsdetail&id=399446|title=Ahmad Zahid, Hishammuddin, Shafie Win Umno Veep Posts|work=Bernama|access-date=1 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031225144/http://web10.bernama.com/umno2009/index.php?lang=en&sid=newsdetail&id=399446|archive-date=31 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> and he was appointed Minister for Home Affairs.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/story/?file=%2f2009%2f4%2f10%2fnation%2f20090410093439&sec=nation|title=New Cabinet sworn in|date=10 April 2009|work=The Star|access-date=1 November 2014|archive-date=31 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031223212/http://www.thestar.com.my/story/?file=%2f2009%2f4%2f10%2fnation%2f20090410093439&sec=nation|url-status=live}}</ref>

After the [[2013 Malaysian general election|2013 election]], in which Najib's government suffered further losses, especially among Chinese voters, Hishammuddin recontested the UMNO vice-presidency. He was barely re-elected in third place, finishing nine votes ahead of [[Mukhriz Mahathir]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.astroawani.com/news/show/zahid-shafie-and-hishamuddin-maintain-positions-24230|title=Zahid, Shafie and Hishamuddin maintain positions|date=20 October 2013|work=Astro Awani|access-date=1 November 2014|archive-date=31 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031234904/http://english.astroawani.com/news/show/zahid-shafie-and-hishamuddin-maintain-positions-24230|url-status=live}}</ref> He switched ministries with Zahid, taking over the latter's portfolio of Defence. He also assumed the transport ministry on an acting basis; that ministry was normally reserved for the [[Malaysian Chinese Association]], which had decided to withdraw from the Cabinet temporarily, having endured significant losses in the general election.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-05/15/c_132384599.htm|title=Malaysian PM announces new cabinet line-up|date=15 May 2013|work=Xinhua|access-date=1 November 2014|archive-date=1 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101194403/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-05/15/c_132384599.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> As acting transport minister he was thrust into the international spotlight as the minister responsible for the investigation into the disappearance of [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 370]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nst.com.my/latest/font-color-red-update-12-missing-mh370-font-full-statement-by-datuk-seri-hishammuddin-hussein-1.530083?cache=03%2F7.203490%2F7.258438%2F7.261895%2F7.261895%2F7.266429%2F7.266429%2F7.480850%2F7.480850%2F7.480850%2F7.480850 |title=Full statement by Datuk Seri Hishammuddin Hussein |access-date=24 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622140349/https://www.nst.com.my/latest/font-color-red-update-12-missing-mh370-font-full-statement-by-datuk-seri-hishammuddin-hussein-1.530083?cache=03%2F7.203490%2F7.258438%2F7.261895%2F7.261895%2F7.266429%2F7.266429%2F7.480850%2F7.480850%2F7.480850%2F7.480850 |archive-date=22 June 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Sydney Morning Herald]] criticised Hishammuddin in this position, arguing that he had "struggled during daily press briefings to defend his country’s handling of the search and investigation".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/missing-malaysia-airlines-plane-mh370s-man-in-the-middle-hishammuddin-hussein-20140319-hvkf6.html|title=Missing Malaysia Airlines plane: MH370's man in the middle, Hishammuddin Hussein|date=19 March 2014|work=Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=1 November 2014|archive-date=29 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211129173230/https://www.smh.com.au/world/missing-malaysia-airlines-plane-mh370s-man-in-the-middle-hishammuddin-hussein-20140319-hvkf6.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Najib, however, defended Hishammuddin's performance. His role ceased in June 2014, when [[Liow Tiong Lai]] assumed the ministry. Hishammuddin retained his substantive post as defence minister.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/mh370-saga-hishammuddin-hussein-replaced-as-malaysias-transportation-minister-20140626-zslyr.html|title=MH370 saga: Hishammuddin Hussein replaced as Malaysia's transportation minister|date=26 June 2014|work=Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=1 November 2014|archive-date=31 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031171549/http://www.smh.com.au/world/mh370-saga-hishammuddin-hussein-replaced-as-malaysias-transportation-minister-20140626-zslyr.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In April 2017, Hishammuddin was appointed [[Minister in the Prime Minister's Department]] for Special Functions. Prime Minister [[Najib Razak]] said that the appointment would enable Hishammuddin to carry out duties other than his responsibilities as Minister of Defence, he still however would remain as Minister for Defence. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 April 2017 |title=Hishammuddin now Minister with Special Functions in PM's Dept |work=New Straits Times |url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2017/04/229780/hishammuddin-now-minister-special-functions-pms-dept |access-date=24 February 2023}}</ref>

In March 2020, Hishammuddin was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs by newly appointed prime minister [[Muhyiddin Yassin]] following the collapse of the previous Pakatan Harapan Government in February. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/malaysia-cabinet-muhyiddin-ministers-770621 | title=Malaysian PM Muhyiddin unveils Cabinet lineup with 4 senior ministers }}</ref>

==Controversies and issues==
===Keris Incident===
In his second term as UMNO Youth's leader, Hishammuddin sparked controversy by brandishing the ''[[kris|keris]]'', a Malay sword and symbol of [[Malay nationalism]], at UMNO's 2005 annual general meeting. In response to concerns over the racial rhetoric, Vice-President [[Muhyiddin Yassin|Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin]] said that "Although some sides were a bit extreme [this year], it is quite normal to voice feelings during the assembly."<ref>Gatsiounis, Ioannis (26 November 2006). [http://malaysia-today.net/blog2006/newsncom.php?itemid=980 The racial divide widens in Malaysia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014171942/http://malaysia-today.net/blog2006/newsncom.php?itemid=980 |date=14 October 2007 }}. ''Malaysia Today''.</ref> The racially provocative act was criticized by opposition politicians as well as some Chinese politicians from the Barisan Nasional coalition.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mca.org.my/en/mca-youth-head-to-meet-hishammuddin-over-kris-issue/ |title=MCA Youth head to meet Hishammuddin over kris issue |date=November 27, 2006 |website=Malaysian Chinese Association |access-date=2013-03-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031215958/http://www.mca.org.my/en/mca-youth-head-to-meet-hishammuddin-over-kris-issue/ |archive-date=31 October 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> In 2008, Hishammuddin conceded that the act had caused the coalition to lose support among non-Malay voters in [[2008 Malaysian general election|that year's general election]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/story/?file=%2f2008%2f4%2f27%2fnation%2f20080427141258&sec=nation|title=Hishammuddin urged to quit over keris issue|last=Hamdan Raja Abdullah|date=27 April 2008|work=The Star|access-date=1 November 2014|archive-date=31 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031214116/http://www.thestar.com.my/story/?file=%2f2008%2f4%2f27%2fnation%2f20080427141258&sec=nation|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Vaping in the Dewan Rakyat===
On 6 August 2020, Hishammuddin apologised after being caught vaping during a Parliament session.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-06|title=Hisham issued compound after vaping in Dewan Rakyat|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/537599|access-date=2022-01-24|website=Malaysiakini}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Hishammuddin caught vaping during Parliamentary proceedings, apologises on social media|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/08/06/hishammuddin-caught-vaping-during-parliamentary-proceedings-apologises-on-social-media|access-date=2022-01-24|website=The Star|language=en}}</ref> 
===Big brother controversy===
On 2 April 2021, Hishammuddin’s two-day working visit to [[China]] was overshadowed by a diplomatic gaffe.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-04 |title=PKR MP states 5 reasons why Hishammuddin should apologise to M'sians |url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/569348 |access-date= |website=Malaysiakini}}</ref> Opposition Leader [[Anwar Ibrahim]] criticised Hishammuddin for calling China a "big brother" during his joint address with his Chinese counterpart Minister [[Wang Yi (politician)|Wang Yi]]. Anwar also said the comment may have set Malaysia's foreign policy back by 25 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-04 |title=Anwar: Hisham may have set us back 25 years with China |url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/569387 |access-date= |website=Malaysiakini}}</ref>

On 3 April 2021, Hishammuddin defended using the term “Big Brother” to refer to Wang Yi, saying it was a sign of respect.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Razak |first=Radzi |date=2021-04-03 |title=Hishammuddin: 'Big Brother' just a personal term referring to senior Chinese counterpart |url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2021/04/03/hishammuddin-big-brother-just-a-personal-term-referring-to-senior-chinese-c/1963553 |access-date= |website=www.malaymail.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-03 |title=Hishammuddin says 'big brother' remark refers to Wang Yi, not China |url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/569339 |access-date= |website=Malaysiakini}}</ref> Former foreign minister [[Anifah Aman]] has told Hishammuddin to admit his error in making a "big brother" reference to China, instead of compounding the matter by disputing it.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-04 |title=Just admit your 'faux pas', Anifah tells Hisham |url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/569399 |access-date= |website=Malaysiakini}}</ref>

===51% Bumiputra Logistic Equity Control Policy===	
On 27 September 2021, the cabinet of Malaysia has sparked criticism after Hishammuddin announced a new equity policy for [[Bumiputera (Malaysia)|Bumiputera]] companies under the five-year development plan, [[Twelfth Malaysia Plan]] (12MP), which was tabled by him in Parliament. The policy is said to ensure sustainable equity holdings by Bumiputera, an equity safety net would be launched to guarantee that the sale of shares or Bumiputera firms would only be sold to Bumiputera companies, consortiums or individuals.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-28|title=Rave reviews for 12MP, but Ismail Sabri's Bumi focus splits opinions|url=https://www.thevibes.com/articles/news/42842/rave-reviews-for-12mp-but-ismail-sabris-bumi-focus-splits-opinions|access-date=2021-10-04|website=The Vibes|language=en|archive-date=10 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010051758/https://www.thevibes.com/articles/news/42842/rave-reviews-for-12mp-but-ismail-sabris-bumi-focus-splits-opinions|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Anand|first=Ram|date=2021-09-29|title=Malaysian PM Ismail's push on bumiputera equity faces criticism in country|language=en|work=The Straits Times|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/ismails-push-on-bumiputera-equity-faces-criticism-in-malaysia|access-date=2021-10-04|issn=0585-3923|archive-date=12 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211012013959/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/ismails-push-on-bumiputera-equity-faces-criticism-in-malaysia|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman|Syed Saddiq]] mentioned that the new rulings were unfair as they would be tantamount to taking equity from the non-bumiputeras and giving them to bumiputera. Former Health Minister, [[Dzulkefly Ahmad]] had also described the policy as "suicidal" and claimed that the new policy would only kill the Bumiputera companies economically if that is their intention. He also said that based on the feedback from Malay businessmen, most were against the idea of the new Bumiputera-only policy being implemented.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The 12th Malaysia Plan and what people think of it|work=Free Malaysia Today|url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/10/01/the-12th-malaysia-plan-and-what-people-think-of-it/|access-date=1 October 2021|archive-date=1 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001011859/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/10/01/the-12th-malaysia-plan-and-what-people-think-of-it/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ismail Sabri announced it after revealing that the government’s target to raise Bumiputera equity ownership to 30% had yet to be achieved. He also announced fundings to improve Bumiputera businesses’ sustainability to hit 15% contribution in [[gross domestic product]] (GDP) by Bumiputera micro, small and medium enterprises by 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Former minister calls govt's Bumi equity safety net 'suicidal', claims Malay businessmen not keen|url=https://malaysia.news.yahoo.com/former-minister-calls-govt-bumi-083357557.html|access-date=2021-10-04|website=malaysia.news.yahoo.com|language=en-MY|archive-date=10 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010051749/https://malaysia.news.yahoo.com/former-minister-calls-govt-bumi-083357557.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = Big challenge to find bumi businessmen willing to take up 51% equity, say freight forwarders' associations | url = https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/09/24/big-challenge-to-find-bumi-businessmen-willing-to-take-up-51-equity-say-freight-forwarders-associations | work = The Star | access-date = 9 October 2021 | archive-date = 24 September 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210924191739/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/09/24/big-challenge-to-find-bumi-businessmen-willing-to-take-up-51-equity-say-freight-forwarders-associations | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = Bumiputera's 51% equity in logistics: A case of "robbing Peter to pay Paul" | url = https://focusmalaysia.my/bumiputeras-51-equity-in-logistics-a-case-of-robbing-peter-to-pay-paul/ | work = Malaysia Kini | date = 24 September 2021 | access-date = 9 October 2021 | archive-date = 9 October 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211009050226/https://focusmalaysia.my/bumiputeras-51-equity-in-logistics-a-case-of-robbing-peter-to-pay-paul/ | url-status = live }}</ref>

==Personal life==
In 1986, Hussein married Tengku Marsilla Tengku Abdullah, a princess from the state of [[Pahang]]. They reside in Kuala Lumpur, the couple has two sons and two daughters (Kyra Arianna, Faris, Fahd, and Nasha Alyssa).<ref name="Sinar"/>

===Health===
On 22 February 2022, Hussein tested positive for [[COVID-19]] and he had experienced "very mild" symptoms amid the [[SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant|Omicron infection]] surge in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chen |first1=Lo Tern |title=Hishammuddin tests positive for Covid-19 |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2022/02/22/hishammuddin-tests-positive-for-covid-19 |access-date=23 February 2022 |work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]] |date=22 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223031425/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2022/02/22/hishammuddin-tests-positive-for-covid-19 |archive-date=23 February 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Election results==
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ '''[[Dewan Rakyat|Parliament of Malaysia]]'''<ref name="election results">{{cite web |url=http://semak.spr.gov.my/spr/laporan/5_KedudukanAkhir.php |title=Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen/Dewan Undangan Negeri |publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]] |access-date=14 April 2010 |archive-date=6 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906083741/http://semak.spr.gov.my/spr/laporan/5_KedudukanAkhir.php |url-status=live }} Percentage figures based on total turnout, including votes for third parties. Results before [[Malaysian General Election, 1986|1986 election]] unavailable.</ref><ref name="undiinfo">{{Cite web  | title = Malaysia General Election  | work = undiinfo Malaysian Election Data  | publisher = [[Malaysiakini]]  | url = http://undi.info/#  | access-date = 4 February 2017  | archive-date = 11 May 2013  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130511005210/http://www.undi.info/  | url-status = live  }} Results only available from the [[2004 Malaysian general election|2004 election]].</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://resultpru13.spr.gov.my/module/keputusan/paparan/paparan_laporan.php|title=KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM 13|work=Sistem Pengurusan Maklumat Pilihan Raya Umum|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]]|language=ms|access-date=24 March 2017|archive-date=1 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501124349/http://resultpru13.spr.gov.my/module/keputusan/paparan/paparan_laporan.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name ="myundi pru 13">{{cite web |url=http://www.myundi.com.my/pru13/region.aspx |title=my undi : Kawasan & Calon-Calon PRU13 : Keputusan PRU13 (Archived copy) |website=www.myundi.com.my|access-date=2014-04-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331000718/http://www.myundi.com.my/pru13/region.aspx |archive-date=31 March 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref name="Utusan PRU 13 results">{{cite web|url=http://ww2.utusan.com.my/utusan/special.asp?pr=PilihanRaya2013&pg=keputusan.htm|title=Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum ke-13|work=[[Utusan Malaysia]]|access-date=26 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321134049/http://ww2.utusan.com.my/utusan/special.asp?pr=PilihanRaya2013&pg=keputusan.htm|archive-date=21 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Maklumat Calon dan Kawasan Pilihan Raya P153 SEMBRONG Johor">{{cite web|url=http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/politik/pilihan-raya/pilihan-raya-umum-ke-14/maklumat-calon-dan-kawasan-pilihan-raya-p153-sembrong-johor-1.648859|title=Maklumat Calon dan Kawasan Pilihan Raya P153 SEMBRONG Johor|work=[[Utusan Malaysia]]|access-date=10 May 2018|archive-date=9 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180509011008/http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/politik/pilihan-raya/pilihan-raya-umum-ke-14/maklumat-calon-dan-kawasan-pilihan-raya-p153-sembrong-johor-1.648859|url-status=live}}</ref>
!|Year
!|Constituency
!colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Pct
!colspan=2|Opponents
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Ballots cast
!|Majority
!|Turnout
|-
|[[1995 Malaysian general election|1995]]
| rowspan=2|'''P136 [[Tenggara (federal constituency)|Tenggara]]'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Hishammuddin Hussein''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|align="right"|'''28,727'''
|'''87.22%'''
|{{Party shading/S46}} |
|Madin Khani @ Md. Din A. Ghani ([[Semangat 46|S46]])
|align="right" |4,209
|12.78%
|34,782
|24,518
|63.36%
|-
|[[1999 Malaysian general election|1999]]
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Hishammuddin Hussein''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|align="right"|'''28,376'''
|'''78.96%'''
|{{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|[[Lokman Noor Adam]] ([[Parti Keadilan Rakyat|keADILan]])
|align="right" |7,559
|21.04%
|37,829
|20,817
|78.06%
|-
|[[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]]
|rowspan=6|'''P153 [[Sembrong (federal constituency)|Sembrong]]'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Hishammuddin Hussein''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|align="right" |'''19,575'''
|'''88.29%'''
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|Onn Jaafar ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
|align="right" |2,597
|11.71%
|22,956
|16,978
|74.61%
|-
|[[2008 Malaysian general election|2008]]
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Hishammuddin Hussein''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align="right"|'''17,988'''	
|'''73.70%'''
|{{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|Lee Sang ([[Keadilan|PKR]])
|align="right" |6,418
|26.30%
|25,211
|11,570	
|75.98%
|-
|[[2013 Malaysian general election|2013]]
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Hishammuddin Hussein''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|align="right"|'''22,841'''
|'''65.17%'''
|{{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|[[Onn Abu Bakar]] ([[Keadilan|PKR]])
|align="right" |12,210
|34.83%
|35,910
|10,631
|86.35%
|-
|[[2018 Malaysian general election|2018]]
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Hishammuddin Hussein'''  ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align="right"|'''21,353'''	
|'''59.24%'''
|{{Party shading/Keadilan}} |
|[[Onn Abu Bakar]] ([[Keadilan|PKR]])
|align="right" |14,691
|40.76%
|36,044
|6,662
|83.02%
|-
| rowspan=2|[[2022 Malaysian general election|2022]]
|rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional }} |
|rowspan=2|{{nowrap|'''Hishammuddin Hussein'''}} ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|rowspan=2 align="right" |'''22,572'''
|rowspan=2|'''55.15%'''
|{{Party shading/PH}} |
|Hasni Abas ([[Keadilan|PKR]])
|align="right" |11,692
|28.57%
|rowspan=2|40,930
|rowspan=2|10,880
|rowspan=2|74.44%
|-
|bgcolor={{Party color|Perikatan Nasional }} |
|Aziz Ismail ([[Malaysian United Indigenous Party|BERSATU]])
|align="right" |6,666
|16.29%
|}

==Honours==
===Honours of Malaysia===
* {{flag|Malaysia}} :
** [[File:MY Pingat Pertabalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong XVII ribbon.png|50px]] Recipient of the [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Malaysia#Honorary orders and medals|17th Yang di-Pertuan Agong Installation Medal]] (2024)
* {{Flag|Johor}}
** [[File:Order of the Crown of Johor ribbon bar.svg|50px]] Knight Commander of the [[Order of the Crown of Johor]] (DPMJ) – '''Dato'''' (1996)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.istiadat.gov.my/v8/images/stories/dkbp_negeri_update/1996.pdf|title=Pengurniaan Darjah Kebesaran Bergelar Bagi Tahun 1996 Mengikut Negeri.|publisher=[[Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)]]|access-date=2 February 2021|archive-date=12 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512200230/http://www.istiadat.gov.my/v8/images/stories/DKBP_NEGERI_UPDATE/1996.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Malacca}}
** [[File:MY-MAL Exalted Order of Malacca.svg|50px]] Grand Commander of the [[Exalted Order of Malacca#Grand Commander|Exalted Order of Malacca]] (DGSM) – '''Datuk Seri''' (2014)<ref>{{cite web|access-date=6 February 2020|language=ms|publisher=[[Berita Harian]]|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/node/10371|date=8 October 2014|title=Hishammuddin dahului 781 penerima darjah kebesaran Negeri Melaka|archive-date=26 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926011228/https://www.bharian.com.my/node/10371|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Pahang}}
** [[File:MY-PAH Order of Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang - Grand Knight - SSAP.svg|50px]] Grand Knight of the [[Order of Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang]] (SSAP) – '''Dato' Sri''' (2004)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2004/10/26/sultan-of-pahangs-74th-birthday-honours-list/|date=26 October 2004|access-date=14 September 2018|work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|title=Sultan of Pahang's 74th birthday honours list|archive-date=15 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515031627/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2004/10/26/sultan-of-pahangs-74th-birthday-honours-list/|url-status=live}}</ref>
** [[File:MY-PAH Order of the Crown of Pahang - Grand Knight - SIMP.svg|50px]] Grand Knight of the [[Order of the Crown of Pahang]] (SIMP) – formerly '''Dato'''', now '''Dato' Indera''' (2002)
** [[File:MY-PAH Order of Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang - Knight Companion - DSAP.svg|50px]] Knight Companion of the [[Order of Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang]] (DSAP) – '''Dato'''' (1998)
* {{Flag|Perlis}}
** [[File:MY-PERL Order of the Crown of Perlis - Knight Grand Commander - SPMP.svg|50px]] Knight Grand Commander of the [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Perlis|Order of the Crown of Perlis]] (SPMP) – '''Dato' Seri''' (2007)
* {{Flag|Sabah}}
** [[File:MY-SAB Order of Kinabalu - SPDK.svg|50px]] Grand Commander of the [[Order of Kinabalu]] (SPDK) – '''Datuk Seri Panglima''' (2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/10/01/highest-state-award-for-eight/|date=1 October 2011|access-date=14 September 2018|publisher=[[Borneo Post]]|title=Highest state award for eight|work=Sandra Sokial|archive-date=14 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914132311/http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/10/01/highest-state-award-for-eight/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Sarawak}}
** [[File:MY-SAR Order of the Star of Sarawak - 2 ribbon PNBS -JBS-PBS-ABS-BBS.svg|50px]] Knight Commander of the [[Most Exalted Order of the Star of Sarawak]] (PNBS) – '''Dato Sri''' (2013)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/10/01/highest-state-award-for-eight/|date=14 September 2011|access-date=14 September 2018|publisher=[[Borneo Post]]|title=Muhyiddin heads list of TYT birthday award recipients|archive-date=14 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914132311/http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/10/01/highest-state-award-for-eight/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Foreign honours===
* {{Flag|Bahrain}}
** Medal of First Degree – (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/node/364044/amp|language=Malay|date=17 December 2017|publisher=BH Online|access-date=15 January 2021|title=PM terima anugerah tertinggi Bahrain|archive-date=14 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514132228/https://www.bharian.com.my/node/364044/amp|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Tenggara (federal constituency)]]
*[[Sembrong (federal constituency)]]

== Notes and references ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{commons category-inline|Hishammuddin Hussein}}

{{Malaysian Ministers}}
{{Navboxes
|title = Cabinet terms
|list =
{{Sixth Mahathir cabinet}} 
{{First Abdullah cabinet}} 
{{Second Abdullah cabinet}} 
{{Third Abdullah cabinet}} 
{{First Najib cabinet}} 
{{Second Najib cabinet}}
{{Muhyiddin cabinet}}
{{Ismail Sabri cabinet}}
}}
{{Malaysia 15th FedRep}}
{{Portal bar|Malaysia|Biography|Politics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hishammuddin Hussein}}
[[Category:1961 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Johor]]
[[Category:Malaysian Muslims]]
[[Category:Malaysian people of Circassian descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian people of Turkish descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian politicians of Malay descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian people of Bugis descent]]
[[Category:20th-century Malaysian lawyers]]
[[Category:21st-century Malaysian lawyers]]
[[Category:United Malays National Organisation politicians]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Ministers of defence of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Ministers of education of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Home ministers of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Ministers of foreign affairs of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Ministers of transport of Malaysia]]
[[Category:People educated at Cheltenham College]]
[[Category:Alumni of Aberystwyth University]]
[[Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics]]
[[Category:Children of prime ministers of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Crown of Johor]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of Sarawak]]
[[Category:Grand Commanders of the Order of Kinabalu]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1995–1999]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 1999–2004]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 2004–2008]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 2008–2013]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 2013–2018]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 2018–2022]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 2022–]]