View source for Hell Drivers

{{Short description|1957 British film by Cy Endfield}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2016}}

{{Distinguish|Hell Divers}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = Hell Drivers
| image          = Hell_bpmp.jpg

| caption        =
| director       = [[Cy Endfield]]
| writer         = {{plainlist|
* Cy Endfield
* [[John Kruse]]
}} 
|producer        = {{plainlist|
* [[Benjamin Fisz]]
* [[Earl St. John]]
}}
| starring       = {{plainlist|
* [[Stanley Baker]]
* [[Sean Connery]]
* [[Herbert Lom]]
* [[Peggy Cummins]]
* [[Jill Ireland]]
* [[Patrick McGoohan]]
}}
| music          = [[Hubert Clifford]]
| cinematography = [[Geoffrey Unsworth]]
| editing        = [[John D. Guthridge]]
| studio         = Aqua Film Productions<br>[[Rank Organisation Film Productions]]
| distributor    = [[Rank Organisation]]
| released       = {{Film date|1957|7|23|London|1957|7|26|United Kingdom|1958|6|14|Altoona|df=y}}
| runtime        = 108 minutes
| country        = United Kingdom
| language       = English
}}

'''''Hell Drivers''''' is a 1957 British [[film noir]] [[crime film|crime]] [[drama (film and television)|drama]] film directed by [[Cy Endfield]] and starring [[Stanley Baker]], [[Herbert Lom]], [[Peggy Cummins]] and [[Patrick McGoohan]]. It was written by Endfield and [[John Kruse]], and produced by the [[Rank Organisation]] and Aqua Film Productions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hell Drivers |url=https://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/Details/ChoiceFilmWorks/150034116 |access-date=29 October 2023 |website=British Film Institute Collections Search}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Josephine Botting & Kieron Webb |date=3 October 2017 |title=Hell Drivers: remembering Stanley Baker and Patrick McGoohan in a British action classic |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/hell-drivers-stanley-baker-patrick-mcgoohan-sean-connery |access-date=25 March 2019 |website=[[BFI]] |publisher=BFI}}</ref> A recently released convict takes a driver's job at a haulage company and encounters violence and corruption.

==Plot==
Saying that he has returned from time abroad, Tom Yately seeks work as a truck driver with Hawletts, a haulage company. Mr. Cartley, the depot manager, informs Tom that his drivers convey their ten-ton loads of gravel fast over bad roads. They are expected to deliver a minimum of twelve loads a day; if a driver falls behind, he is fired. Each run is {{convert|20|mi|km|abbr=on}} round-trip; the top driver makes eighteen runs a day. Tom goes on a trial run with the depot mechanic, in truck 13. He avoids colliding with two other Hawletts trucks speeding the other way.

Cartley hires Tom, who is assigned truck 13. Tom meets the other drivers, including Irishman Red, the foreman and head driver. Lodging at the same house as other drivers, Tom is befriended by Italian driver Gino, who is in love with Lucy, Cartley's secretary. Red offers a £250 gold cigarette case to anyone who can make more runs than him in a day, and Tom is determined to try; however, he soon learns that Red has kept his place at the top by taking a dangerous shortcut that no other driver is willing to risk.

One evening, the drivers go to a dance at a hall and start a fight. When the police are called, Tom flees the scene. Red calls him a coward and, from then on, the other drivers (except Gino) turn on Tom, bullying him incessantly, impeding his runs, and calling him "yellow belly". Despite this, Tom does not retaliate.

Tom visits his brother Jimmy and mother in their tobacconist's shop. His mother refuses to accept money from Tom, blaming him for Jimmy's life-changing leg injury that requires him to use crutches.

When the drivers collect their pay packets, Tom realises he has been underpaid. Gleeful, Red informs Tom his wages were docked to replace equipment damaged as a result of the drivers' bullying. A fistfight ensues, in which Tom beats Red. Gino offers to switch truck numbers with Tom the next day, so that the others can unwittingly harass Gino and therefore help Tom win the cigarette case.

That night, Lucy breaks up with Gino. Expressing her feelings for Tom while he performs a vehicle check, Tom confesses that he had not actually been abroad but was instead serving a year-long prison sentence. Lucy drops off Tom at the drivers' digs, both unaware that Gino has seen them from a window.

The next day, Tom purchases a one-way train ticket to London. Lucy rushes into the waiting room and reveals that Gino has been injured in a crash. Distraught, they rush to the hospital. While they wait outside Gino's room, Lucy says that Cartley and Red have been scamming money by hiring five fewer drivers than the company pays for and pocketing the difference. A doctor later reveals that Gino is dying. Gino switched the truck numbers as arranged, and tells Tom "I threw them off like we planned, for you to win. Crazy. You don't even come." Tom asks if it was Red who caused his crash, but Gino dies without answering.

Tom returns to the depot and confronts Cartley. He says that Gino died and that the scam had been the reason. Cartley offers him a share of the stolen money and Red's place in truck 1. Tom reluctantly takes truck 1 to pick up a load. When Red turns up, he forces Cartley to join him in what they think is truck 3 and sets out to silence Tom. Red guesses that Tom will take the shortcut, and they lie in wait there. When Tom appears with his truck full of ballast, Red starts sideswiping him, forcing him off the road and onto the edge of a quarry, where the truck dangles, with Tom knocked unconscious. But the brakes on Red's truck, which Red realises is Tom's truck 13, fail; he and Cartley drive off the edge and die. Tom wakes up and escapes before his own truck tumbles into the quarry. Lucy, who followed them in a jeep, runs to him.

==Cast==
{{div col}}
* [[Stanley Baker]] as Tom Yately, driver, truck 13
* [[Herbert Lom]] as Gino Rossi, driver, truck 3
* [[Peggy Cummins]] as Lucy
* [[Patrick McGoohan]] as G. "Red" Redman, driver, truck 1
* [[William Hartnell]] as Cartley, the depot manager
* [[Wilfrid Lawson (actor)|Wilfrid Lawson]] as Ed, Hawlett's mechanic 
* [[Sid James]] as Dusty, driver, truck 22
* [[Jill Ireland]] as Jill, 'Pull Inn' waitress 
* [[Alfie Bass]] as Tinker, driver, truck 11
* [[Gordon Jackson (actor)|Gordon Jackson]] as Scottie, driver, truck 7
* [[David McCallum]] as Jimmy Yately, Tom's brother 
* [[Sean Connery]] as Johnny Kates, driver, truck 19
* [[Wensley Pithey]] as Pop, driver, truck 4
* [[George Murcell]] as Tub, driver, truck 2
* [[Marjorie Rhodes]] as Ma West, landlady 
* [[Vera Day]] as blonde at dance
* [[Beatrice Varley]] as Mrs. Yately, Tom's mother
* [[Robin Bailey]] as Hawlett's assistant manager 
* John Miller
* Jerry Stovin as Chick Keithley 
* [[John Horsley (actor)|John Horsley]] as doctor attending Gino 
* [[Marianne Stone]] as nurse attending Gino 
* Ronald Clarke as Barber Joe, driver, truck 6
* [[Charles Lamb (actor)|Charles Lamb]] as cafe owner (uncredited) 
* [[Hal Osmond]] as station ticket clerk (uncredited)
* [[Ben Williams (actor)|Ben Williams]] as Harry, Hawlett's gateman (uncredited)
* [[Ian Wilson (actor)|Ian Wilson]] as Gibson, Hawlett's paymaster (uncredited)
{{div col end}}

==Actors==
''Hell Drivers'' is an early film for several actors who later developed high-profile careers, with breakthrough roles as 1960s spies. It provided early appearances for Jill Ireland and David McCallum (''[[The Man from U.N.C.L.E.]]''), who met and married during the film's production. It featured ''[[Danger Man]]'' and ''[[The Prisoner]]'' actor Patrick McGoohan, and was the third film role for Sean Connery. William Hartnell was the first actor to play the role of [[The Doctor (Doctor Who)|the Doctor]] in the [[BBC]]'s ''[[Doctor Who]]''; Gordon Jackson appeared as George Cowley in ''[[The Professionals (TV series)|The Professionals]]'' and the butler Hudson in [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]]'s ''[[Upstairs, Downstairs (1971 TV series)|Upstairs, Downstairs]]''. Sid James was a regular supporting actor in British films at the time and appeared in most of the ''[[Carry On (franchise)|Carry On]]'' series. Herbert Lom starred in the [[ABC Weekend TV]] series ''[[The Human Jungle (TV series)|The Human Jungle]]'' before playing the hapless Commissioner Dreyfus in ''[[The Pink Panther (film series)|The Pink Panther]]'' film franchise. Cy Endfield directed Stanley Baker in ''[[Zulu (1964 film)|Zulu]]''. Others including Robin Bailey, Charles Lamb, John Horsley and Wensley Pithey featured regularly in British films and television thereafter. Long-established actor Wilfrid Lawson also made an appearance. In 1966, he co-starred with Patrick McGoohan in the final black-and-white episode of ''[[Danger Man]]'', "Not So Jolly Roger".

== Production ==
Filming started 31 December 1956.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/variety205-1957-01/page/n10/mode/1up?q=%22miracle+in+soho%22|magazine=Variety|date=2 January 1957|page=10|title=Rank to Make 23 British Pix in ‘57}}</ref>

The character of Yately comes from [[Blaenllechau]] in the [[Rhondda]], near actor Stanley Baker's birthplace of [[Ferndale, Rhondda Cynon Taff|Ferndale]].

Footage of a Hawlett's [[Truck|lorry]] going over the edge of a [[quarry]] was reused in "The Heiress" episode of the [[Rank Organisation]] [[Serial (radio and television)|television series]] ''[[Interpol Calling]]''.

The vehicles used in the film were the [[Dodge 100 "Kew"]] parrot-nosed truck, with tipper body. They were lent for filming by W W Drinkwater of Willesden, north London.{{Citation needed|date=October 2017}}

The fleet of Dodge ‘parrot-nose’ or ‘Kew’ 100s, were built in Kew on the outskirts of London between 1949 and 1957.{{Citation needed|date=March 2025}}

''Filmink'' said "Rank’s films under St John were famously timid in their story angles, especially compared to rivals such as Woodfall, Bryanston, Hammer and Romulus" but argued "the odd gutsy movie did sneak through", giving ''Hell Drivers'' as an example.<ref name="st john">{{cite magazine|magazine=Filmink|first=Stephen|last=Vagg|date=20 April 2025|access-date=20 April 2025|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/forgotten-british-moguls-earl-st-john/|title=Forgotten British Moguls: Earl St John}}</ref>

== Promotional film ==
Aqua/Rank produced a 14-minute promotional film ''Look in on Hell Drivers,'' directed by Bill Morton and introduced by Michael Ingrams, with professional lorry drivers vouching for the film's authenticity, clips from the film and interviews with Cy Endfield, co-writer [[John Kruse]], Alfie Bass and Stanley Baker.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shail |first=Robert |title=Stanley Baker, A Life in Film |publisher=[[University of Wales Press]] |year=2008 |isbn=9780708321263 |pages=48}}</ref>

==Critical reception==
''[[The Monthly Film Bulletin]]'' wrote: "This extraordinary film may interest future historians for its description of road haulage and masculine social behaviour in the mid-twentieth century; perhaps fortunately, however, it is so unconvincing in every respect that even the most gullible could not accept it as a representative picture of either. There are some good individual acting performances, but the film, though produced with efficiency and assurance, is disagreeable and occasionally vicious."<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1 January 1957 |title=Hell Drivers |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1305820383/AFC3BD101784168PQ/1 |journal=[[The Monthly Film Bulletin]] |volume=24 |issue=276 |pages=102 |via=ProQuest}}</ref>

''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' said: "''Hell Drivers'' is a slab of unabashed melodrama. [...] Endfield’s direction is straightforward and conventional, but some of the speed sequences provide some tingling thrills. Acting is adequate, but uninspired. Baker gives a forceful performance of restrained strength and Herbert Lom has some neat moments as his Italian buddy. Patrick McGoohan gives an exaggerated study as the villain."<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 December 1956 |title=Hell Drivers |url=https://variety.com/1956/film/reviews/hell-drivers-1200418330/ |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=Variety}}</ref>

''[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]]'' wrote: "Energetic and violent trucking thriller marked by the raw, angry edge of the best of blacklist victim Endfield's Hollywood work, and by his appreciation [...] of the markedly out-of-the-mainstream talent of Stanley Baker."<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2012 |title=Hell Drivers |url=https://www.timeout.com/movies/hell-drivers |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=Time Out}}</ref>

''Filmink'' called it "terrific".<ref name="seven">{{cite magazine|magazine=Filmink|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/forgotten-british-film-studios-rank-organisation-films-1957/|first=Stephen|last=Vagg|access-date=14 June 2025|date=14 June 2025|title=Forgotten British Film Studios: Rank Organisation Films – 1957}}</ref> [[Leslie Halliwell]] opined: "Absurd, violent, hilarious and constantly surprising melodrama with the silliest of premises backed by a good cast and well-handled thrill sequences".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Halliwell |first=Leslie |title=Halliwell's Film Guide |publisher=Paladin |year=1989 |isbn=0-586-08894-6 |edition=7th |location=London |pages=455}}</ref>

In ''British Sound Films'' [[David Quinlan (film critic)|David Quinlan]] wrote that the film was "rough, tough stuff; basically unconvincing perhaps, but still a good thriller".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Quinlan |first=David |title=British Sound Films: The Studio Years 1928–1959 |publisher=[[Batsford Books|B.T. Batsford Ltd.]] |year=1984 |isbn=0-7134-1874-5 |location=London |pages=320}}</ref>

Reviewing for [[Empire (magazine)|''Empire'']], [[Kim Newman]] said "''Hell Drivers'' is a rare British crime film with the blazing excitement and working-class grit of the best American hardboiled thrillers. [...] Lom overdoes it somewhat as the sentimental Italian obviously doomed to become a plot sacrifice, but the rest of the hairy-knuckled blokes are spot on."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newman |first=Kim |date=5 May 2006 |title=Hell Drivers |url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/hell-drivers-review/ |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=Empire}}</ref>

In ''[[The New York Times]]'' [[Dave Kehr]] said the film "achieves an intensity of action and an existential resonance comparable to ''[[The Wages of Fear]]''."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kehr |first=Dave |date=28 July 2009 |title=Hard-Boiled Britons After Mr. Hitler’s War |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/02/movies/02dave.html |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=The New York Times}}</ref>

==Home media==
In 2007 Network Distributing released the film on [[DVD]] in an anamorphically enhanced ratio of 1.77:1. A little of the original 1.96:1 [[VistaVision]] (wide-frame) image is cropped at the sides, just noticeable in a few shots. The DVD featured commentary by sound assistant Harry Fairbairn and journalist Andrew Robertson, and extras including ''Look in on Hell Drivers.'' On 20 March 2017, Network issued a [[Blu-ray]] with the film restored by the [[BFI]], and the same extras as the DVD.

==See also==
The film's theme of the desperate, lorry driving man can be compared to that of ''[[The Long Haul (1957 film)|The Long Haul]]'' (1957).

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* ''Look in on Hell Drivers,'' [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Rxdn8n1Vsw Part One] and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4JUGYpoExoo Part Two] on YouTube
* [https://dennisvideo1138-1a506.kxcdn.com/Hell_Drivers.html Production photos] 
* [https://www.reelstreets.com/films/hell-drivers/ ''Hell Drivers'' at ReelStreets]
* {{IMDb title|0051713}}
* {{screenonline title|486576}}
* {{TCMDb title|77679}}

{{Cy Endfield}}

[[Category:1957 films]]
[[Category:1957 drama films]]
[[Category:British drama films]]
[[Category:Trucker films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Cy Endfield]]
[[Category:Films shot at Pinewood Studios]]
[[Category:1950s English-language films]]
[[Category:1950s British films]]
[[Category:VistaVision films]]