View source for Hanover S-Bahn

{{Short description|Metro railway in Region Hannover, Germany}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox public transit
| name = Hanover S-Bahn
| native_name = S-Bahn Hannover
| image = S-Bahn-Logo.svg
| imagesize = 75px
| image2 = STADLER FLIRT 3 XL.jpg
| imagesize2 = 300px
| caption2 = [[Stadler Flirt]] at [[Minden (Westfalen) station|Minden]]
| owner = 
| locale = [[Hannover]], [[Lower Saxony]], Germany
| transit_type = [[Commuter rail]]
| lines = 10<ref name="transdev"/>
| stations = 74
| daily_ridership = 
| annual_ridership = 30 million<ref name="transdev"/>
| chief_executive = 
| headquarters = [[Hannover]], Germany
| website = [http://www.s-bahn-hannover.de/s_hannover/view/index.shtml Hanover S-Bahn]
| began_operation = 2000
| operation_will_start = 
| ended_operation = 
| operator = [[Transdev Germany#Rail services|Transdev Hannover]]
| marks = 
| vehicles = 68 (40×[[DBAG Class 424|424]], 28×[[DBAG Class 425|425]])
| train_length = 
| headway = 30 min.
| system_length = {{convert|385|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="transdev"/>
| track_gauge = {{RailGauge|sg}} ([[standard gauge]])
| ogauge = 
| minimum_radius_of_curvature = <!-- {{convert|0|ft|0|in|mm|0}} -->
| el = [[Overhead line]]s, [[15 kV AC railway electrification|15 kV AC]]
| average_speed = <!-- {{convert|0|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} -->
| top_speed = <!-- {{convert|0|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} -->
| osm_id = 
| map = [[File:Liniennetz S-Bahn Hannover.svg|340px]]
| map_name = 
| map_state = collapsed
}}
The '''Hanover S-Bahn''' (in [[German language|German]]: ''S-Bahn Hannover'') is an [[S-Bahn]] network operated by [[Transdev Germany#Rail services|Transdev Hannover]] in the area of [[Hanover]] in the German state capital of [[Lower Saxony]]. It went operational shortly before [[Expo 2000]] and is focused on the [[Hanover (district)|Hanover region]], and also connects with adjacent districts ([[Celle (district)|Celle]], [[Hameln-Pyrmont]], [[Hildesheim (district)|Hildesheim]], [[Nienburg (district)|Nienburg]] and [[Schaumburg]]), and into the state of [[North Rhine-Westphalia]] ([[Minden station|Minden]], [[Paderborn Hauptbahnhof|Paderborn]]). The S-Bahn is an evolution of a suburban railway.

The S-Bahn has ten services in Hanover. It is distinguished from the [[Hannover Stadtbahn]], which emerged from the Hannover tram network. In addition, there are other rail passenger services in the region composed of [[Regional-Express]] and [[Regionalbahn]] services. It is mainly operated with Class 424 electric multiple units.

The S5 line is in service 24/7 from [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof]] (central station) to [[Hannover Flughafen station|Hannover Flughafen]].

==History==
In the 1960s there were plans to upgrade the rail network around Hanover. This led at first only to the establishment between 1965 and 1970 of regional commuter services on the east–west axis between [[Nienburg/Weser station|Nienburg]] / [[Minden station|Minden]], [[Wunstorf station|Wunstorf]], [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof]] (central station), [[Lehrte station|Lehrte]] and [[Celle]] and on the [[Deister Railway]]. A further extension was omitted because of disagreement between federal, state and city region governments. In 1984, in preparation for the upgrading of the line between Wunstorf and Hannover, [[Seelze station]] was relocated and rebuilt with overtaking tracks. After Hanover won the right to build [[Expo 2000]] in 1990, it was decided to bring forward the planned introduction of an S-Bahn network that was originally intended to be opened at a later date. On 12 November 1990 a development agreement was signed between the state of Lower Saxony, the Municipal Association of Greater Hannover and [[Deutsche Bundesbahn]]. In a relatively short time lines which for decades had remained virtually unchanged were upgraded considerably in and around Hanover.

Construction began with the new [[Hannover-Karl-Wiechert-Allee station]] on the [[Hannover–Braunschweig railway]], which provides a connection to the [[Hannover Stadtbahn]]; the first pile for it was driven in 1993.

Two additional S-Bahn tracks were built on the western route from the Hauptbahnhof towards Wunstorf as far as Seelze from 1994, with services starting in 1997. In [[Hannover-Leinhausen station|Leinhausen]] an extensive [[flying junction]] was built; this separates regional and long distance traffic running to and from the north and west. The S-Bahn runs over the old freight tracks in Hainholz and through the former main freight yard. This included the new [[Hannover-Nordstadt station|Hannover-Nordstadt S-Bahn station]], which replaced the existing suburban station of Hannover-Hainholz.
[[File:S-Bahnhof Hannover-Nordstadt.jpg|thumb|[[Hannover-Nordstadt station]]]]

[[File:S-Bahnhof Linden.jpg|thumb|[[Hannover-Linden/Fischerhof station]] (S-Bahn above, [[Hanover Stadtbahn|Stadtbahn]] under)]]
Two additional tracks were laid for the S-Bahn on the [[Heath Railway|line north]] to Langenhagen. On this line, Hannover-Herrenhausen station was replaced by the new S-Bahn station at [[Hannover-Ledeburg station|Hannover-Ledeburg]]. The route was also electrified as far as Bennemühlen and in addition was [[double track|doubled]] as far as Bissendorf. [[Hannover-Langenhagen Airport]] was connected by a local service for the first time, via the former goods track. From 1995, this line was electrified and extended through a tunnel to the airport's Terminal C, which was then under construction.

In the east the line was extended as a single track as far as the previously established [[Hannover-Karl-Wiechert-Allee station|station at Karl-Wiechert-Allee]] and operations on it started in 1999. Two additional S-Bahn tracks were then added almost to [[Ahlten station|Ahlten]], continuing to Lehrte as a single track; being brought into service in June 2000. This extension was part of the German Unity transport projects (''Verkehrsprojekte Deutsche Einheit'').

To the south an additional track was built, starting in 1996, between Hannover-Bismarckstrasse and the northern end of Hannover-Wülfel station to serve the completely reorganised [[Hannover Messe/Laatzen station]].

On the Deister Railway a {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}} long section of double track was built between [[Lemmie]] and [[Egestorf]] to the west of the Weetzen level crossing in order to avoid delays due to conflicting train movements.

Stations were rebuilt where necessary to make them fully accessible for the disabled. Most construction projects were completed in time for Expo 2000, so since then Hanover has had an extensive network. For time and cost reasons, the conversion of some stations was not started before the Expo. The implementation of these modifications is still partly unfinished.

After the end of the Expo there were changes so that normal operation started on the route network. The network was extended via the Deister Railway to [[Barsinghausen]], [[Bad Nenndorf]] and [[Haste (Han) station|Haste]] and also via [[Springe]] to [[Hamelin station|Hamelin]]. It was later extended to [[Bad Pyrmont]] and to [[Paderborn Hauptbahnhof|Paderborn]] in North Rhine-Westphalia. Exceptionally, the service on the section from Bad Pyrmont to Paderborn, which is the furthest from Hannover, is less frequent and resembles a [[Regionalbahn]] service. All other routes, nearer the city, benefit from a full S-Bahn service.

On 14 December 2008 the S-Bahn was extended to replace three former Regionalbahn and [[Regional-Express]] services to [[Hildesheim Hauptbahnhof|Hildesheim]] and [[Celle]]. As a result, Hannover Messe/Laatzen station was included in the regular S-Bahn network.

In November 2018, French operator [[Transdev Germany#Rail services|Transdev]] was awarded the contract, worth about €1.5 billion, to operate the S-Bahn from December 2021 until June 2034.<ref name="transdev">{{cite web | url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/transdev-announces-emu-order-as-hannover-s-bahn-operating-contract-confirmed.html | title=Transdev announces EMU order as Hannover S-Bahn operating contract confirmed | publisher=Railway Gazette International | date=7 November 2018 | access-date=8 November 2018 | archive-date=7 November 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107225340/https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/transdev-announces-emu-order-as-hannover-s-bahn-operating-contract-confirmed.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Routes==
The Hannover S-Bahn serves 12 stations within Hanover and connects the state capital with suburbs and other towns in the area.

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:91%;"
|- class="hintergrundfarbe5"
! Line !! Route !! Service interval<br /> (mins) !! Railways !! Remarks
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|1}}
| [[Minden station|Minden]] - [[Bückeburg station|Bückeburg]] - [[Kirchhorsten railway station|Kirchhorsten]] - [[Stadthagen railway station|Stadthagen]] - [[Lindhorst railway station|Lindhorst]] - [[Haste (Han) station|Haste (Han)]] - [[Wunstorf station|Wunstorf]] - [[Dedensen-Gümmer railway station|Dedensen-Gümmer]] - [[Seelze station|Seelze]] - [[Letter railway station|Letter]] - [[Hannover-Leinhausen station|Leinhausen]] - [[Hannover-Nordstadt station|Nordstadt]] - [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover Bismarckstraße station|Bismarckstraße]] - [[Hannover-Linden/Fischerhof station|Linden/Fischerhof]] - [[Hannover-Bornum station|Bornum]] - [[Empelde station|Empelde]] - [[Ronnenberg station|Ronnenberg]] - [[Weetzen station|Weetzen]] - [[Lemmie station|Lemmie]] - [[Wennigsen station|Wennigsen]] - [[Egestorf station|Egestorf]] - [[Kirchdorf station|Kirchdorf]] - [[Barsinghausen station|Barsinghausen]] - [[Winninghausen station|Winninghausen]] - [[Bantorf station|Bantorf]] - [[Bad Nenndorf station|Bad Nenndorf]] - [[Haste (Han) station|Haste (Han)]]
| 60
| [[Hanover–Minden railway|Hanover–Minden]] <br /> [[Hanover–Altenbeken railway|Hanover–Altenbeken]] <br /> [[Deister Railway]]
| Train number change in H-Hbf <br /> 30 minute service interval combined with S 2 between Wunstorf and Haste
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|2}}
| [[Nienburg station|Nienburg]] - [[Linsburg railway station|Linsburg]] - [[Hagen (Han) railway station|Hagen (Han)]] - [[Eilvese railway station|Eilvese]] - [[Neustadt am Rübenberge station|Neustadt am Rübenberge]] - [[Poggenhagen railway station|Poggenhagen]] - [[Wunstorf station|Wunstorf]] - [[Dedensen-Gümmer railway station|Dedensen-Gümmer]] - [[Seelze station|Seelze]] - [[Letter railway station|Letter]] - [[Hannover-Leinhausen station|Leinhausen]] - [[Hannover-Nordstadt station|Nordstadt]] - [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover Bismarckstraße station|Bismarckstraße]] - [[Hannover-Linden/Fischerhof station|Linden/Fischerhof]] - [[Hannover-Bornum station|Bornum]] - [[Empelde station|Empelde]] - [[Ronnenberg station|Ronnenberg]] - [[Weetzen station|Weetzen]] - [[Lemmie station|Lemmie]] - [[Wennigsen station|Wennigsen]] - [[Egestorf station|Egestorf]] - [[Kirchdorf station|Kirchdorf]] - [[Barsinghausen station|Barsinghausen]] - [[Winninghausen station|Winninghausen]] - [[Bantorf station|Bantorf]] - [[Bad Nenndorf station|Bad Nenndorf]] - [[Haste (Han) station|Haste (Han)]]
| 60
| [[Bremen–Hanover railway|Bremen–Hannover]] <br /> Hanover–Altenbeken <br /> Deister Railway
| 30 minute service interval combined with S 1 between Wunstorf and Haste<br /> On Sundays, Nienburg–Hanover only
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|3}}
| [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover-Kleefeld railway station|Kleefeld]] - [[Hannover Karl-Wiechert-Allee station|Karl-Wiechert-Allee]] - [[Hannover-Anderten-Misburg railway station|Anderten-Misburg]] - [[Ahlten station|Ahlten]] - [[Lehrte station|Lehrte]] - [[Sehnde station|Sehnde]]  - [[Algermissen station|Algermissen]] - [[Harsum station|Harsum]] - [[Hildesheim Central Station|Hildesheim Hbf]]
| 60
| [[Lehrte–Nordstemmen railway|Lehrte–Nordstemmen]] <br /> [[Hannover–Braunschweig railway|Hanover–Braunschweig]]
| 30 minute service interval in combination with S 7 between Lehrte and Hanover
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|4}}
| [[Bennemühlen station|Bennemühlen]] - [[Mellendorf station|Mellendorf]] - [[Bissendorf station|Bissendorf]] - [[Langenhagen-Kaltenweide station|Langenhagen-Kaltenweide]] - [[Langenhagen Pferdemarkt station|Langenhagen Pferdemarkt]] - [[Langenhagen Mitte station|Langenhagen Mitte]] - [[Hannover-Vinnhorst station|Vinnhorst]] - [[Hannover-Ledeburg station|Ledeburg]] - [[Hannover-Nordstadt station|Nordstadt]] - [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover Bismarckstraße station|Bismarckstraße]] - [[Hannover Messe/Laatzen station|Messe/Laatzen]] - [[Rethen station|Rheten]] - [[Sarstedt station|Sarstedt]] - [[Barnten station|Barnten]] - [[Emmerke station|Emmerke]] - [[Hildesheim Central Station|Hildesheim Hbf]]
| 30 <br /> (60)
| Lehrte–Nordstemmen <br /> [[Hanoverian Southern Railway]] <br /> [[Heath Railway]]
| 1x per hour Bennemühlen–Hildesheim, 1x per hour Bennemühlen–Hannover
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|5}}
| [[Hannover Flughafen station|Flughafen]] - [[Langenhagen Pferdemarkt station|Langenhagen Pferdemarkt]] - [[Langenhagen Mitte station|Langenhagen Mitte]] - [[Hannover-Vinnhorst station|Vinnhorst]] - [[Hannover-Ledeburg station|Ledeburg]] - [[Hannover-Nordstadt station|Nordstadt]] - [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover Bismarckstraße station|Bismarckstraße]] - [[Hannover-Linden/Fischerhof station|Linden/Fischerhof]] - [[Weetzen station|Weetzen]] - [[Holtensen/Linderte station|Holtensen/Linderte]] - [[Bennigsen station|Bennigsen]] - [[Völksen/Eldagsen station|Völksen/Eldagsen]] - [[Springe station|Springe]] - [[Bad Münder station|Bad Münder]] - [[Hamelin station|Hameln]] - [[Emmerthal station|Emmerthal]] - [[Bad Pyrmont station|Bad Pyrmont]] - [[Lügde station|Lügde]] - [[Schieder station|Schieder]] - [[Steinheim station|Steinheim]] - [[Altenbeken station|Altenbeken]] - [[Paderborn Central Station|Paderborn Hbf]]
| 30 <br /> (60)
|  [[Hamm–Warburg railway|Hamm–Warburg]] <br /> Hannover–Altenbeken <br />  [[Hanover–Hamburg railway|Hanover–Hamburg]] <br /> [[Langenhagen Pferdemarkt–Hannover Airport railway|Langenhagen Pferdemarkt–Flughafen]]
| 1x per hour Hannover Airport–Paderborn, 1x per hour Hannover Airport–Hameln
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|51}}
| [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover Bismarckstraße station|Bismarckstraße]] - [[Hannover-Linden/Fischerhof station|Linden/Fischerhof]] - [[Springe station|Springe]] - [[Hamelin station|Hameln]]
| 60
| [[Hannover–Altenbeken railway|Hannover–Altenbeken]]<br />[[Hannover–Minden railway|Hannover–Minden]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.s-bahn-hannover.de/s_hannover/view/mdb/s_hannover/fahrplan/2016-2017/mdb_245700_20170303_plakat_s-bahn_tarifinfo_neu.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-06-23 |archive-date=2017-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713020421/http://www.s-bahn-hannover.de/s_hannover/view/mdb/s_hannover/fahrplan/2016-2017/mdb_245700_20170303_plakat_s-bahn_tarifinfo_neu.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| HVZ sprinter line, stops only at a few stations<br />Mon-Fri seven train pairs daily<ref>http://www.s-bahn-hannover.de/s_hannover/view/mdb/s_hannover/fahrplan/2016-2017/mdb_239514_s5_s51_hannover_flughafen_paderborn_ab_11_12_2016.pdf {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|6}}
| [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover Karl-Wiechert-Allee station|Karl-Wiechert-Allee]] - [[Aligse station|Aligse]] - [[Burgdorf station|Burgdorf]] - [[Otze station|Otze]] - [[Ehlershausen station|Ehlershausen]] - [[Celle station|Celle]]
| 60
|   [[Lehrte–Celle railway|Lehrte–Celle]] <br /> Hannover–Brunswick
| Does not stop at H-Kleefeld, H-Anderten/Misburg, Ahlten
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|7}}
| [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover-Kleefeld railway station|Kleefeld]] - [[Hannover Karl-Wiechert-Allee station|Karl-Wiechert-Allee]] - [[Hannover-Anderten-Misburg railway station|Anderten-Misburg]] - [[Ahlten station|Ahlten]] - [[Lehrte station|Lehrte]] - [[Aligse station|Aligse]] - [[Burgdorf station|Burgdorf]] - [[Otze station|Otze]] - [[Ehlershausen station|Ehlershausen]] - [[Celle station|Celle]]
| 60
| Lehrte–Celle <br /> Hanover–Brunswick
| Every 30 minutes combined with S&nbsp;3 (Lehrte – Hanover) <br /> Every 30 minutes combined with S&nbsp;6 (Celle – Aligse)
|-
| style="font-size:111%;" | {{ric|Hanover S-Bahn|8}}
| [[Hannover Flughafen station|Flughafen]] - [[Langenhagen Mitte station|Langenhagen Mitte]] - [[Hannover-Nordstadt station|Nordstadt]] - [[Hannover Hauptbahnhof|Hannover Hbf]] - [[Hannover Bismarckstraße station|Bismarckstraße]] - [[Hannover Messe/Laatzen station|Messe/Laatzen]]
|
| Hannover–Hamburg <br /> Hanoverian Southern Railway
| As required for Fair traffic
|}

==Lines ==
Trains run as a rule at hourly intervals. Lines S 4 and S 5 operate at half-hourly intervals on one leg each. Operation of at least two S-Bahn lines on the main routes in the core area of the network means that these routes have a half-hourly service. Line S 5 runs at 2 hour intervals on Sundays on the section in North Rhine-Westphalia (Bad Pyrmont–Paderborn).

==Rolling stock ==
[[File:S-Bahn Hannover Type 424.jpg|thumb|[[DBAG Class 424|Class 424]] electric multiple unit in [[Nienburg station]]]]
[[File:2008 12 14 02.jpg|thumb|[[DBAG Class 425|Class 425]] electric multiple unit on the opening day of the S-Bahn in [[Hildesheim Hauptbahnhof|Hildesheim]]]]
40 [[DBAG Class 424|Class 424]] [[electric multiple unit]]s were acquired especially for the Hanover S-Bahn. These differ from the vehicles of [[DBAG Class 423|class 423]], as they have a lower floor height of 80&nbsp;cm, fewer doors and include toilets. Although delivery began as early as 1998, the class 424 trains were not yet ready for the opening of the S-Bahn network at the start the Expo 2000 due to technical problems. [[Deutsche Bahn]] therefore had to temporarily borrow class 423 rolling stock from the [[Munich S-Bahn]].

In addition there are six vehicles of [[DBAG Class 425|class 425]] (425 150–425 155), which were retrofitted with adjustable steps to allow access to lower platforms, without sacrificing barrier-free access to high platforms. On the S 5 to Paderborn these vehicles are coupled with the class 424 vehicles and run from Hameln uncoupled to Paderborn. In this section, there are lower platforms.

In 2008, 13 vehicles of class 425.2 were procured (425 271–425 283), for the new and upgraded lines to Hildesheim and Celle as it was decided not to produce a new batch of class 424 vehicles.

Upon taking control of S-Bahn operations in 2021, Transdev plans to operate 64 [[Stadler Rail]] EMUs on the network, primarily newbuild [[Stadler FLIRT|FLIRT]] units, and 13 class 425 EMUs on the network.<ref name="transdev"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lines, Vihicles, authorities|url=https://www.sbahn-hannover-2022.de/de/die-sbahn-hannover-2022/ueber-uns|access-date=16 May 2021|website=sbahn-hannover2022.de|publisher=Transdev Hannover GmbH|language=de|archive-date=28 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128154722/https://www.sbahn-hannover-2022.de/de/die-sbahn-hannover-2022/ueber-uns|url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{Rapid transit OSM map|system_qid=Q481504}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{cite book|author= Michael Bahls |title=Die Hannover-Altenbekener Eisenbahn |year=2006 |publisher=Kenning |location= Nordhorn 2006 | isbn =3-927587-77-X |language= de}}
*{{cite book|title=Eisenbahnatlas Deutschland (German railway atlas) | edition = 2009/2010 |publisher= Schweers + Wall | year= 2009 |isbn= 978-3-89494-139-0}}
*{{cite book|author= Alfred Gottwaldt |title=Hannover und seine Eisenbahnen |publisher=Alba |location= Düsseldorf | year= 1992 | isbn =3-87094-345-9 |language= de}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline|S-Bahn Hannover|Hanover S-Bahn}}
*{{official website}}
*{{cite web |url= http://www.s-bahn-hannover.de/s_hannover/view/index.shtml |title= S-Bahn Hannover |publisher= [[Deutsche Bahn]] |access-date= 4 August 2011 |language= de |archive-date= 2 January 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120102123757/http://www.s-bahn-hannover.de/s_hannover/view/index.shtml |url-status= dead }}
*{{cite web| url=http://www.gvh.de |title= GVH |publisher= [[Großraum-Verkehr Hannover]] | access-date= 4 August 2011 |language= de}}
*{{cite web |url= http://www.gvh.de/fileadmin/gvh/downloads/Plaene/2011/GVH_DB_Netz_WEB.pdf |format= PDF, 167 KB |title= Regional and S-Bahn line map 2011 |publisher= [[Großraum-Verkehr Hannover]] |access-date= 4 August 2011 |language= de }}{{Dead link|date=February 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*{{Cite web|title=Welcome to the new S-Bahn Hannover from 2022|url=https://www.sbahn-hannover-2022.de/|website=sbahn-hannover-2022.de|publisher=Transdev Hannover GmbH|access-date=16 May 2021|language=de}}

{{Public transport in Hanover}}
{{S-Bahn systems in Germany}}
{{Urban public transport in Germany}}

[[Category:Hanover S-Bahn| ]]
[[Category:S-Bahn in Germany]]
[[Category:Transport in Hanover|S-Bahn]]
[[Category:Deutsche Bahn]]