View source for HLA-B38

{{Short description|Human leukocyte antigen serotype}}
{{Further2|[[HLA-A#Historical Guide to Understanding Nomenclature|HLA-serotype tutorial]]}}
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|- align="center"
|  colspan="3" | [[Image:HLA-B.png|240px|Illustration of HLA-B with peptide in the binding pocket.]] 
|- style="text-align: center; line-height: 0.75;background:#eeeeee"
| colspan="3" color="white" | <small>HLA-B (alpha)-β2MG with bound peptide</small>
|-
| align="center" colspan="3" | <div style="font-size:medium; line-height:120%;">major histocompatibility complex (human), class I, B38</div>
|- 
| bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | Alleles  
| colspan = 2  bgcolor="#eeeeee" | B*3801, 3802, . . 
|- align="center"
| colspan="3" bgcolor="#dddddd" | '''Structure''' (See [[HLA-B]]) 
|-
| colspan="2" bgcolor="#dddddd" | '''Shared data'''
|-
| bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | [[Locus (genetics)|Locus]] 
| bgcolor="#eeeeee" | [[Chromosome 6 (human)|chr.6]] ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/getmap.cgi?chromosome=6p21.31 6p21.31]''
|}
'''HLA-B38''' (B38) is an [[Human leukocyte antigen|HLA]]-[[HLA-B|B]] [[serotype]]. The serotype identifies the B*38 [[allele]] products of the [[HLA-B|HLA-B gene-locus]].<ref name="pmid15787720">{{cite journal  |pmc=2848993 |year=2010 |last1=Marsh |first1=S. G. |title=Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2010 |journal=Tissue Antigens |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=291–455 |last2=Albert |first2=E. D. |last3=Bodmer |first3=W. F. |last4=Bontrop |first4=R. E. |last5=Dupont |first5=B. |last6=Erlich |first6=H. A. |last7=Fernández-Viña |first7=M. |last8=Geraghty |first8=D. E. |last9=Holdsworth |first9=R. |last10=Hurley |first10=C. K. |last11=Lau |first11=M. |last12=Lee |first12=K. W. |last13=Mach |first13=B. |last14=Maiers |first14=M. |last15=Mayr |first15=W. R. |last16=Müller |first16=C. R. |last17=Parham |first17=P. |last18=Petersdorf |first18=E. W. |last19=Sasazuki |first19=T. |last20=Strominger |first20=J. L. |last21=Svejgaard |first21=A. |last22=Terasaki |first22=P. I. |last23=Tiercy |first23=J. M. |last24=Trowsdale |first24=J. |pmid=20356336 |doi=10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01466.x }}</ref>

B38 is a [[wikt:split antigen|split antigen]] of the [[wikt:broad antigen|broad antigen]] [[HLA-B16|B16]], and is a sister type of [[HLA-B39|B39]].  The B*3801 allele is more common in Eastern, Southern and Southeastern Europe, while the B*3802 allele is more common in the [[Far East]].

==Serotype==
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|+ Serotypes B38, B16, and B39 recognition of the<br> HLA B*39 gene products<ref>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/imgt/hla/allele.html derived from IMGT/HLA]</ref>
|- style="background:#f0f0ff"
| style="width:60px" | B*38 || style="width:60px" | '''B38''' 
| style="width:60px" | B16  
| style="width:60px" | B39 || style="width:60px" | Sample
|- style="background:#f0f0ff"
| allele || % || % || % || size (N)
|- 
| style = "background:#e8e8f8" | {{Asterisk}}3801 || 94 || 1   || 1  || 2317
|- 
| style = "background:#e8e8f8" | {{Asterisk}}3802 || 87 || 2  ||  2  || 788   
|-
| colspan = 6 | Alleles link-out to [[international ImMunoGeneTics project|IMGT]]/[[Human leukocyte antigen|HLA]] Databease at [[European Bioinformatics Institute|EBI]]
|}

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==Alleles==
{|border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" align="left" style="text-align:center; margin-right: 3em;  border:1px #ffeebb solid; background:#f8f6f8; "
|+ '''HLA  B*3801 frequencies'''
|- style="background:#efe5ef"
|  ||   || freq 
|- style="background:#eee5ef"
| ref. || align="left" |Population || style="width:50px" | (%)
|-
| <ref name = "pmid12753660">{{cite journal |vauthors=Middleton D, Menchaca L, Rood H, Komerofsky R | title = New allele frequency database | journal = Tissue Antigens | volume = 61 | issue = 5 | pages = 403–7 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12753660 | doi =10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x | doi-access = free }}</ref>  || align="left"|Israel Ashk. and Non Ashk. Jews||6.9
|-
|  || align="left"|Croatia||6.7
|-
|  || align="left"|Italy North||6.7
|-
|  || align="left"|Azores Central Islands||5.4
|-
|  || align="left"|Sudanese||5.3
|-
|  || align="left"|Czech Republic||4.7
|-
|  || align="left"|Georgia Tbilisi Georgians||4.6
|-
|  || align="left"|Macedonia (4)||4.6
|-
|  || align="left"|Spain Eastern Andalusia||4.1
|-
|  || align="left"|Georgia Svaneti Svans||3.8
|-
|  || align="left"|New Mexico Canoncito Navajo||3.7
|-
|  || align="left"|Bulgaria||3.6
|-
|  || align="left"|Brazil Belo Horizonte||3.2
|-
|  || align="left"|Romanian||3.2
|-
|  || align="left"|Tunisia||3.0
|-
|  || align="left"|Thailand||2.8
|-
|  || align="left"|Israel Arab Druse||2.5
|-
|  || align="left"|USA Caucasian (2)||2.5
|-
|  || align="left"|Tunisia Tunis||2.3
|-
|  || align="left"|Brazil||2.2
|-
|  || align="left"|Indig. Australian Cape York Penin.||2.0
|-
|  || align="left"|France South East||1.9
|-
|  || align="left"|Georgia Tbilisi Kurds||1.7
|-
|  || align="left"|Australia New South Wales||1.5
|-
|  || align="left"|China Guangzhou||1.5
|-
|  || align="left"|Mexico Guadalajara Mestizos (2)||1.5
|-
|  || align="left"|China Yunnan Lisu||1.4
|-
|  || align="left"|Jordan Amman||1.4
|-
|  || align="left"|Morocco Nador Metalsa Class I||1.4
|-
|  || align="left"|China South Han||1.2
|-
|  || align="left"|Mexico Mestizos||1.2
|-
|  || align="left"|Saudi Arabia Guraiat and Hail||1.2
|-
|  || align="left"|Finland||1.1
|-
|  || align="left"|USA North American Natives||1.1
|-
|  || align="left"|American Samoa||1.0
|-
|  || align="left"|China North Han||1.0
|-
|  || align="left"|India North Hindus||1.0
|-
|  || align="left"|Mexico Mixtec Oaxaca||1.0
|-
|  || align="left"|Hong Kong Chinese||0.9
|-
|  || align="left"|Ireland Northern||0.9
|-
|  || align="left"|Cape Verde Southeastern Islands||0.8
|-
|  || align="left"|China Beijing||0.8
|-
|  || align="left"|Ireland South||0.8
|}
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==Disease==
A higher frequency of HLA-B38 was noted [[psoriatic arthritis]] patients with [[erythroderma]].<ref name="pmid17274187">{{cite journal |vauthors=Imre K, Koó E, Seszták M, Bosák V, Bitterova O |title=[Genetics in patients with psoriatic arthritis] |language=hu |journal=Orv Hetil |volume=147 |issue=50 |pages=2415–9 |date=December 2006 |pmid=17274187 }}</ref> Psoriatic arthritis is linked to MICA and/or [[HLA-B39|B39]] in other peoples.<ref name="pmid8076387">{{cite journal |author=Eastmond CJ |title=Psoriatic arthritis. Genetics and HLA antigens |journal=Baillière's Clinical Rheumatology |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=263–76 |date=May 1994 |pmid=8076387 |doi= 10.1016/S0950-3579(94)80018-9}}</ref> In [[Pemphigus vulgaris]] a haplotype containing B38 was identified and found to be shared between Spanish and Jewish patients.<ref name="pmid15009804">{{cite journal |vauthors=Loewenthal R, Slomov Y, Gonzalez-Escribano MF, etal |title=Common ancestral origin of pemphigus vulgaris in Jews and Spaniards: a study using microsatellite markers |journal=Tissue Antigens |volume=63 |issue=4 |pages=326–34 |date=April 2004 |pmid=15009804 |doi=10.1111/j.0001-2815.2004.00191.x }}</ref> Linkage studies indicate a factor in the HLA-class I region is more greatly associated, with HLA-B38 so far the only linked allele<ref name="pmid12878355">{{cite journal |vauthors=Slomov E, Loewenthal R, Goldberg I, Korostishevsky M, Brenner S, Gazit E |title=Pemphigus vulgaris in Jewish patients is associated with HLA-A region genes: mapping by microsatellite markers |journal=Hum. Immunol. |volume=64 |issue=8 |pages=771–9 |date=August 2003 |pmid=12878355 |doi= 10.1016/S0198-8859(03)00092-2}}</ref>

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|+ '''HLA  B*3802 frequencies'''
|- style="background:#efe5ef"
|  ||   || freq 
|- style="background:#eee5ef"
| ref. || align="left" |Population || style="width:50px" | (%)
|-
| <ref name="pmid12753660"/>  || align="left"|Taiwan Tao||11.0
|-
|  || align="left"|China Guangxi Maonan||8.3
|-
|  || align="left"|China South Han||7.1
|-
|  || align="left"|Singapore Javan. Indonesians||7.1
|-
|  || align="left"|Singapore Chinese Han||6.4
|-
|  || align="left"|Taiwan Minnan pop 1||6.4
|-
|  || align="left"|China Guangzhou||6.0
|-
|  || align="left"|Philippines Ivatan||6.0
|-
|  || align="left"|Hong Kong Chinese||5.4
|-
|  || align="left"|Singapore Chinese||4.7
|-
|  || align="left"|Singapore Riau Malay||4.5
|-
|  || align="left"|China Guangzhou Han||4.3
|-
|  || align="left"|India West Bhils||4.0
|-
|  || align="left"|Taiwan Hakka||3.6
|-
|  || align="left"|Singapore Thai||3.5
|-
|  || align="left"|Taiwan Siraya||2.9
|-
|  || align="left"|Taiwan Pazeh||1.8
|-
|  || align="left"|India Mumbai Marathas||1.2
|-
|  || align="left"|South Korea pop 3||1.1
|-
|  || align="left"|Taiwan Puyuma||1.0
|-
|  || align="left"|Taiwan Saisiat||1.0
|-
|  || align="left"|China Beijing||0.8
|-
|  || align="left"|Brazil||0.7
|}
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==References==
{{reflist}}

{{HLA-B serotypes}}

[[Category:HLA-B alleles|3]]