View source for HESA Shahed 278

{{Short description|Iranian utility helicopter}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{{Infobox aircraft
 |name = Shahed 278
 |image = Shahed 278.jpg
 |caption =
 |type = Light utility helicopter
 |manufacturer = [[Iran Aircraft Manufacturing Industrial Company|HESA]]
 |designer = [[Shahed Aviation Industries Research Center]]
 |first_flight =2002 or 2005
 |introduction =[[Iran]]
 |retired =
 |primary_user =Iran
 |more_users =
 |number_built = 7 visually confirmed as of 2012<ref name=mehrnews1/> 
 |status = Active service
 |developed_from = [[Bell 206]] & [[Panha Shabaviz 2061]]
 |variants =
}}

The '''HESA Shahed 278''' ({{langx|fa|شاهد ۲۷۸}}) is an [[Iran]]ian-made light [[utility helicopter]].

Iran's ''Shahed Aviation Industries Research Center'' plans to produce several variants of ''Shahed'', according to sources. The first platform was the ''Shahed-278 (Oh-78)'', described as a light reconnaissance helicopter, armed with weapons and sensors. Test flights of the ''Shahed-278 (Oh-78)'' began in 2005.[https://web.archive.org/web/20080209145535/http://www.herut.org.il/english/news.html?no=61]

== Design ==
The composite ''Shahed-278'' is a relatively light helicopter with 682&nbsp;kg of empty weight. It is a four-seater; intended for dual military/civil use, though designed primarily to meet military requirements. It was designed entirely in Iran, according to the manufacturer, although some sources report use of locally made airframe and dynamic components of the [[Bell 206 JetRanger]]. Although designed by the ''IRGC'', this helicopter is scheduled to be produced by [[Iran Aircraft Manufacturing Industrial Company|HESA]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.acig.org/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120604170323/http://www.acig.org/ |url-status=usurped |archive-date=June 4, 2012 |title=Home |website=acig.org}}</ref>

Shahed-278 has a four hours flight endurance and newer models can be equipped with MFD displays. The newer models are 11.82m long, 1.92m wide and 2.98m high. Body weight is increased to 750&nbsp;kg. Maximum takeoff weight is 1450&nbsp;kg, and maximum engine power is 420&nbsp;hp.  The OH-78 variation of Shahed-278 is armed with 70mm rockets with a range of 0.5–5&nbsp;km. A 12.7&nbsp;mm gun is installed under the nose. The helicopter is equipped with a night-and-day vision system and a data recording system can be added as an option. The OH-78 body is reinforced and the body shape is slightly different from the other versions.<ref name=mehrnews1>{{cite news | url=http://www.mehrnews.com/en/newsdetail.aspx?NewsID=1777965 | work=MehrNews | location=Tehran | title=Details of Iranian Shahed-278 helicopter | date=2012-12-28 | access-date=2012-09-11 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102111007/http://www.mehrnews.com/en/newsdetail.aspx?NewsID=1777965 | archive-date=2013-01-02 }}</ref>

== Specifications ==
{{Unsourced section|date=June 2025}}
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=<!-- reference -->
|prime units?=met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=one
|capacity=three passengers
|length m=
|length ft=
|length in=
|length note=
|span m=
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|span in=
|span note=
|upper span m=
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|upper span in=
|upper span note=
|mid span m=
|mid span ft=
|mid span in=
|mid span note=
|lower span m=
|lower span ft=
|lower span in=
|lower span note=
|swept m=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept note=
|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia note=
|width m=<!-- if applicable -->
|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|width note=
|height m=
|height ft=
|height in=
|height note=
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=
|wing area note=
|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area note=
|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=682
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=1,451
|fuel capacity={{convert|287|L|impgal|abbr=on|0}}
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Rolls-Royce 250]]
|eng1 type=turboshaft
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 note=
|power original=
|thrust original=
|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng2 number=
|eng2 name=
|eng2 type=
|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 note=
|eng2 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng2 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng3 number=
|eng3 name=
|eng3 type=
|eng3 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng3 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng3 note=
|eng3 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|more power=

|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop name=
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia note=

|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=240
|max speed mph=
|max speed kts=
|max speed note=
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed mph=
|minimum control speed kts=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=340
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=6,400
|ceiling ft=
|ceiling note=
*Hover ceiling in ground effect: {{convert|6,200|m|ft|abbr=on|0}}
*Hover ceiling out of ground effect: {{convert|4,800|m|ft|abbr=on|0}}
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
{{aircontent|
|related=
* [[Bell 206]]
|similar helicopter=
|sequence=
|lists=
|see also=
* [[Iran Aviation Industries Organization]]
* [[Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces]]
* [[List of Iranian Air Force aircraft]]
* [[List of equipment of the Iranian Army]]
* [[HESA Shafaq]]
* [[Aviation Industries of Iran AVA-202]]
}}

{{JetRanger family}}
{{Shahed aircraft}}
{{Iran Military}}
{{Weapons of Iran}}
{{Iranian Aircraft}}

[[Category:HESA aircraft|Shahed 278]]
[[Category:2000s Iranian military utility aircraft]]
[[Category:Military helicopters]]
[[Category:2000s Iranian helicopters]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1970]]
[[Category:Iranian helicopters]]
[[Category:Post–Cold War military equipment of Iran]]
[[Category:Iranian military aircraft]]