View source for Guangdong Romanization

{{Short description|Romanization schemes for Chinese languages}}
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'''Guangdong Romanization''' refers to the four romanization schemes published by the [[Guangdong]] Provincial Education Department in 1960 for transliterating [[Cantonese]], [[Teochew dialect|Teochew]], [[Hakka Chinese|Hakka]] and [[Hainanese]]. The schemes utilized similar elements with some differences in order to adapt to their respective spoken varieties.

In certain respects, Guangdong romanization resembles [[pinyin]] in its distinction of the [[alveolar consonant|alveolar]] [[Syllable#Onset|initials]] ''z'', ''c'', ''s'' from the [[alveolo-palatal consonant|alveolo-palatal]] initials ''j'', ''q'', ''x'' and in its use of ''b'', ''d'', ''g'' to represent the unaspirated [[stop consonant]]s {{IPA|/p t k/}}. In addition, it makes use of the [[Syllable#Medial and final|medial]] ''u'' before the [[syllable#rime|rime]] rather than representing it as ''w'' in the initial when it follows ''g'' or ''k''.

Guangdong romanization makes use of [[diacritic]]s to represent certain vowels. This includes the use of the [[circumflex]], [[acute accent]] and [[Diaeresis (diacritic)|diaeresis]] in the letters ''ê'', ''é'' and ''ü'', respectively. In addition, it uses ''-b'', ''-d'', ''-g'' to represent the [[syllable#Coda|coda consonants]] {{IPA|/p t k/}} rather than ''-p'', ''-t'', ''-k'' like other romanization schemes in order to be consistent with their use as unaspirated plosives in the initial. [[Tone (linguistics)|Tones]] are marked by [[Subscript and superscript|superscript]] numbers rather than by diacritics.

==Cantonese==
{{Main|Cantonese Transliteration Scheme}}
The scheme for [[Standard Cantonese|Cantonese]] is outlined in "The Cantonese Transliteration Scheme" ({{zh|s=广州话拼音方案|t=廣州話拼音方案|p=Guǎngzhōuhuà Pīnyīn Fāng'àn}}). It is referred to as the '''Canton Romanization''' on the [[LSHK]] character database. The system is not used in Hong Kong where romanization schemes such as [[Hong Kong Government Cantonese Romanisation|Hong Kong Government]], [[Yale romanization of Cantonese|Yale]], [[ILE romanization of Cantonese|ILE]] and [[Jyutping]] are popular, though it can be seen in works released in the [[People's Republic of China]] regarding Cantonese.

==Teochew==
{{Main|Peng'im}}
The scheme for the [[Teochew dialect]] of [[Min Nan]] is outlined in "The Teochew Transliteration Scheme" ({{zh|s="潮州话拼音方案"|t=〈潮州話拼音方案〉|p=Cháozhōuhuà Pīnyīn Fāng'àn}}). This scheme (and another similar scheme which is based upon this scheme) is often referred to as '''Peng'im''', which is the Teochew pronunciation of ''pinyin''.

This scheme is the romanization scheme currently described in the [[Teochew dialect]] article.

==Hakka==
{{main|Pinfa}}
The scheme for [[Hakka Chinese|Hakka]] is outlined in "The Hakka Transliteration Scheme" ({{zh|s=客家话拼音方案|t=客家話拼音方案|p=Kèjiāhuà Pīnyīn Fāng'àn}}). The scheme describes the [[Meixian, Meizhou|Meixian]] dialect, which is generally regarded as the de facto standard dialect of Hakka in mainland China.

==Hainanese==
{{main|Hainanese Transliteration Scheme}}
The scheme for [[Hainanese]] is outlined in the "Hainanese Transliteration Scheme" ({{zh|s=海南话拼音方案|t=海南話拼音方案|p=Hǎinánhuà Pīnyīn Fāng'àn}}). The scheme describes the [[Wenchang dialect]], which is generally regarded as the prestige dialect of Hainanese in mainland China, used in provincial broadcasting.

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111105020413/http://www.cukda.com/ime/ Cukda Cantonese IME]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091208043921/http://www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk/chinese/gzhhpy.htm 廣州話拼音方案 - GuangZhou Dialect (Cantonese) Romanization Scheme] 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100111000957/http://www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk/chinese/chaozhou.htm 潮州話拼音方案 - ChaoZhou Dialect Romanization Scheme] 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100422235107/http://www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk/chinese/meixian.htm 梅縣話拼音方案 - Meixian Dialect ( 客家 / Kejia / Hakka ) Romanization Scheme] 
* [http://www.hainanese.lingd.net/article-3775105-1.html 海南话拼音文字方案 - The Hainanese Transliteration Scheme]

==References==
* {{cite book | author=Yang, Mingxin (杨明新) | title=A Concise Cantonese-English Dictionary (简明粤英词典) | publisher=Guangdong Higher Education Publishing House (广东高等教育出版社) | year=1999 | isbn=7-5361-2350-7}}

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<!-- Cantonese Transliteration Scheme -->
<!-- Teochew Transliteration Scheme -->

[[Category:Cantonese romanisation]]
[[Category:Hakka Chinese]]
[[Category:Southern Min]]
[[Category:Chaoshan]]
[[Category:Hainan Min]]