View source for Glodeni District

{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{more footnotes|date=July 2012}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name          = Glodeni
| settlement_type        = District (''Raion'')
| image_flag             = Flag of Glodeni District.gif
| image_shield           = CoA of Glodeni District.png
| image_map              = Glodeni district, MDA.svg
| subdivision_type       = Country
| subdivision_name       = {{MD}}
| subdivision_type3      = Administrative center <br /> (''Oraş-reşedinţă'')
| subdivision_name3      = [[Glodeni]]
| leader_party           = 
| leader_title           = Raion President
| leader_name            = Valeriu Țarigradschi ([[Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova|PLDM]]), since 2011
| established_title      = 
| established_date       = 2002
| area_total_km2         = 754
| area_land_km2          = 
| area_water_km2         = 
| area_water_percent     = 
| elevation_footnotes    = 
| elevation_m            = 250
| population_as_of       = [[2014 Moldovan Census|2014]]
| population_footnotes   = <ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=en&idc=479& | title= Results of Population and Housing Census in the Republic of Moldova in 2014 | publisher= [[National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova]] | year=2017 | access-date = 2017-05-01}}</ref>
| population_total       = 51,306
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note        = 
| timezone               = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset             = +2
| timezone_DST           = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| utc_offset_DST         = +3

| area_code  = [[Moldova telephone area codes|+373 49]]
| blank_name = [[Vehicle registration plates of Moldova|Car plates]]
| blank_info = GL
| footnotes  = 
| website    = {{URL|http://www.glodeni.md}}
}}

'''Glodeni District''' ({{IPAc-ro|lang|pron|G|l|o|'|d|e|ni}}) is a [[Administrative divisions of Moldova|district]] ({{Langx|ro|[[raion]]}}) in northwestern [[Moldova]], with its administrative center at [[Glodeni]]. {{As of|2011|01|01}}, its population was 61,900. The district consists of 35 localities, 18 [[Commune (administrative division)|communes]], 16 villages and one city (Glodeni).

==History==
The oldest area in the district is the [[Cobani]], which dates back to June 3, 1374. Other old localities include [[Balatina]], [[Camenca]], [[Cuhnești]], and [[Iabloana]], founded between 1429 and 1442. During the 15th–17th centuries Glodeni continued to develop as a trade and economic region, with a significant increase in population. In 1616, a district center was documented as Glodeni.

Since the 17th and 18th centuries, the region has been fueled by wars with the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] and the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] and [[Russian Empire]]s. In 1812, the region was occupied by the [[Russian Empire]]; with the local population of [[Moldovans]] and [[Ukrainians]], [[Russians]] constitute 22 percent of the population. After the [[Russian Revolution (1917)|collapse of the Russian Empire]] in 1917, [[Union of Bessarabia with Romania|Bessarabia decided to unite with Romania]]. In 1940, Bessarabia was occupied by the USSR after the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop pact]]. From 1944 to 1991, the Glodeni District was part of the [[Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (MSSR). After the 1991 [[independence of Moldova]], the Glodeni District was part of [[Bălţi County (Moldova)|Bălți County]] until 2003, when it became a district.

==Geography==
Glodeni District is bordered by [[Riscani District]] on the north, [[Bălţi|Balti Municipality]] on the east, [[Falesti District]] on the south and [[Romania]] on the west. The district is a hilly plain, fragmented by valleys which are higher in the west with a slight incline to their merge with the Prut. In the western part of the district, the localities of [[Balatina]], [[Cobani]], [[Camenca, Glodeni|Butesti]], and [[Camenca]] possess a number of natural resources, including gravel and sand (near the Prut), building stone (Balatina, Butesti, Camenca, Cobani), [[limestone]] ([[Cuhnesti]], [[Viişoara, Glodeni|Viişoara]]) and [[clay]] ([[Glodeni]], [[Danu, Glodeni|Danu]] and [[Iabloana]]). Soils are primarily [[Chernozem]]ic and [[loam]]y. The highest altitude in the district is {{convert|250|m}}, in the west.

===Climate===
The annual average temperature is {{convert|8.5|C|F}} degrees. In January, the average temperature is {{convert|-4.5|C|F}} degrees and {{convert|20.5|C|F}} degrees in July. Annual rainfall is {{convert|480|-|560|mm|in}}. In rainy years up to {{convert|750|mm|in}} is possible, while in dry years it can be as little as {{convert|300|-|350|mm|in}}.

===Fauna===
The district has fauna typical of Central Europe, including fox, [[weasel]], [[marten]], [[deer]], [[woodpecker]], [[European turtle dove|turtle dove]] and [[pheasant]] in forests and [[boar]], [[ondatra]], [[otter]], [[duck]], [[wild cat]], [[egret]] near the Prut. [[Gopher (animal)|gopher]], [[Apodemus|field mice]], [[rabbits]] and [[partridges]] inhabit the [[steppe]] regions.

===Flora===
Forests occupy 8.5 percent of the district, and consist of [[oak]], [[acacia]], [[Populus|poplar]], [[Ash (Fraxinus)|ash]], [[maple]], [[elm]] and [[hazel]]. Undergrowth includes [[blackthorn]] and [[blackberry]]. [[Steppe]] and [[forest steppe]] vegetation includes grasses, [[knotweed]], [[clover]] and [[Artemisia (plant)|wormwood]].

==={{anchor|Padurea Domneasca}}Pădurea Domnească===
{{See also|Pădurea Domnească}}
[[File:Bison bonasus (Linnaeus 1758).jpg|thumb|[[European bison]] were given to [[Moldova]] in 2006 by [[Poland]]; now they are found in the [[Pădurea Domnească]] nature reserve.|alt=European bison, facing right and looking at the camera]]
The Pădurea Domnească nature reserve is located in the mid-Prut Valley area, extending {{convert|40|km}} between [[Criva, Briceni|Criva]] and [[Pruteni]]. A forest under state protection since 1993, it is one of the most valuable meadows and old [[floodplain]] forests in Europe. The reserve covers an area of {{convert|6039|ha|acre}}, of which {{convert|3054|ha|acre}} is forest. In the reserve are gorges, caves and waterfalls; a deposit of fossilized [[coral]]; over 3,500 prehistoric [[mound]]s of unknown origin; a {{convert|120|ha|acre}} prehistoric lake bed with trees reaching heights of {{convert|30|-|35|m}} and a colony of over 1,000 [[heron]]s which nest in the oaks.

===Rivers===
The Prut borders Romania. Smaller rivers include the [[Camenca (Prut)|Camenca]], Căldăruşa and the Glodeni (in the Prut basin) and Copăceanca (in the [[Răut River]] basin). The district contains {{convert|1900|ha|acre}} of lakes and [[ponds]], which are popular summer retreats for tourists and local people.

==Demographics==
On January 1, 2012, the district population was 61,400, of which 18.9% was urban and 81.1% was rural population. There were 700 births in 2010, (11.3 per 1000) and 900 deaths (14.5 per 1000), for a decrease in population of 200 (−3.2 per 1000).

=== Ethnic groups ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:140px;"| [[Ethnic group]] !! % of total
|-
| [[Moldovans]] '''*''' || 77.3
|-
| [[Ukrainians]] || 16.4
|-
| [[Romanians]] '''*''' || 2.8
|-
| [[Russians]] || 2.2
|-
| [[Romani people|Romani]] || 0.7
|-
| [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]] || 0.1
|-
| [[Bulgarians]] || 0.1
|-
| Other || 0.5
|-
| Undeclared || 0.4
|}
''Footnote'': '''*''' There is an [[Controversy over ethnic and linguistic identity in Moldova|ongoing controversy]] regarding the ethnic identification of Moldovans and Romanians.

=== Religion ===
*Christians: 98.1%
**[[Eastern Orthodox|Orthodox Christians]]: 96.3%
**[[Protestant]]: 1.4%
***[[Baptists]]: 1.1%
***[[Seventh-day Adventists]]: 0.1%
***[[Pentecostals]]: 0.1%
***[[Evangelicals]]: 0.1%
**[[Catholics]]: 0.4%
*Other: 1.3%
*None: 0.4%
*[[Atheists]]: 0.2%

==Economy==
The district has a total of 6,500 registered companies; however, agriculture is the most important sector. Agricultural land comprises {{convert|56363|ha|sqmi}} (74.7 percent) of the total land area. Arable land comprises {{convert|42300|ha|sqmi}} (56.1 percent) of total agricultural land, which includes [[orchards]] ({{convert|2192|ha|acre}}, or 2.9 percent), [[vineyards]] ({{convert|765|ha|acre}}, or 1 percent) and [[pasture]] ({{convert|10780|ha|acre}}, or 14.3 percent). Crops include [[sunflower]]s, [[sugar beet]]s, tobacco and cereals. Livestock and milk production is practiced intensively only on farms in [[Danu, Glodeni|Danu]] and [[Sturzovca]].

==Education==
The district operates 32 [[kindergartens]], two primary schools, 10 secondary schools, eight general-education schools and eight higher-education institutes serving a student population of 9,158. Vocational training is available in [[Glodeni]] and [[Ciuciulea]].

==Politics==
From 2001 to 2009, Glodeni District was part of the "north red" electoral region, in which the [[Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova]] (PCRM) usually received over 50 percent of the vote. However, in the [[July 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election|2009 July elections]] the PCRM lost to the [[Alliance for European Integration]] (AEI). During the last three elections, the AEI has increased 107.7%.

{| class="wikitable"  style="float:right; font-size:100%; margin: 1em 1em 1em 1em;"
|+ '''Parliament elections results'''
|- style="background:lightgrey;"
! Year
! [[Alliance for European Integration|AEI]]
! [[Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova|PCRM]]
|-
|  style="text-align:center; background:#fff3f3;"|[[2010 Moldovan parliamentary election|2010]]
|  style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0ff;"|49.45% (13,114)
|  style="text-align:center; background:#fff3f3;"|43.62% (11,570)
|-
|  style="text-align:center; background:#fff3f3;"|[[July 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election|July 2009]]
|  style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0ff;"|48.36% (12,441)
|  style="text-align:center; background:#fff3f3;"|47.72% (12,227)
|-
|  style="text-align:center; background:#fff3f3;"|[[April 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election|April 2009]]
|  style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0ff;"|24.77% (6,312)
|  style="text-align:center; background:#fff3f3;"|53.38% (13,605)
|}

===Elections===
{{election table|title=[[2010 Moldovan parliamentary election|2010 Moldovan parliamentary election results]] (Glodeni District)}}
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan="2" valign=center|Parties and coalitions
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Votes
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|%
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|+/−
|-
| {{party color cell|Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova}}
|align=left|[[Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova]]
|align="right"|11,570
|align="right"|43.62
|align="right"|−4.10
|-
| {{party color cell|Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova}}
|align=left|[[Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova]]
|align="right"|6,540
|align="right"|24.66
|align="right"|+5.76
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party of Moldova}}
|align=left|[[Democratic Party of Moldova]]
|align="right"|4,514
|align="right"|17,02
|align="right"|+3.58
|-
| {{party color cell|Liberal Party (Moldova)}}
|align=left|[[Liberal Party (Moldova)|Liberal Party]]
|align="right"|1,159
|align="right"|4.37
|align="right"|−4.06
|-
| {{party color cell|Our Moldova Alliance}}
|align=left|[[Party Alliance Our Moldova]]
|align="right"|901
|align="right"|3.40
|align="right"|−4.19
|-
|bgcolor="grey"|
|align=left|[[Gabriel Stati|Gabriel Stati (independent)]]
|align="right"|305
|align="right"|1.15
|align="right"|+1.15
|-
|bgcolor=#0033cc|
|align=left|[[European Action Movement]]
|align="right"|299
|align="right"|1.13
|align="right"|+1.13
|-
|bgcolor="grey"|
|align=left|[[Humanist Party of Moldova]]
|align="right"|282
|align="right"|1.06
|align="right"|+1.06
|-
|bgcolor="grey"|
|align=left|Other
|align="right"|1,257
|align="right"|3.59
|align="right"|-0.33
|-
|align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|'''Total (turnout 57.25%)'''
|width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|'''26,743'''
|width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|'''100.00'''
|width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|

{{Election box end}}

==Culture==
[[File:Costache Leancă (1893-1942).jpg|thumb|Costache Leancă|alt=Photo of early 20th-century politician Costache Leancă]]
The district has a children's center, schools of art, music and fine arts, 27 cultural houses, 35 public libraries, five museums, 97 works of art and 17 musical groups.

==Health==
Glodeni has a 200-bed hospital, 13 family practitioners, 10 health centers, 4 health offices and 26 [[pharmacies]].

== {{anchor|Personalities}}Notable residents ==
* [[Aurel Saulea]]: Member of the [[Parliament of Moldova|Moldavian Parliament]] 1990–1994
* [[Costache Leancă]]: [[Bessarabia]]n politician, president of [[Bălţi County (Romania)|Bălți County]] general assembly 1917–1918
* [[Igor Klipii]]: Politician and diplomat
* [[Vasile Coroban]]: Writer

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111011103830/http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=POP0103&ti=Populatia+stabila+pe+orase+si+raioane%2C+la+inceputul+anului%2C+2005-2011&path=..%2FDatabase%2FRO%2F02%20POP%2FPOP01%2F&lang=1 District population per year] (in Romanian)
* [http://www.primaria.md/p/130 Descrierea generală a raionului Glodeni] (in Romanian)

{{Districts of Moldova}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|47|45|N|27|30|E|region:MD_type:adm1st|display=title}}

[[Category:Glodeni District| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Moldova]]