View source for Gipuzkoa

{{Short description|Province of Spain}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2010}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                    = Gipuzkoa
|other_name              = 
|native_name             = {{native name|es|Guipúzcoa}}
|official_name           = Historical Territory of Gipuzkoa<br/>{{native name|eu|Gipuzkoako Lurralde Historikoa}}<br/>{{native name|es|Territorio Histórico de Gipuzkoa}}
|settlement_type         = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]]
|image_skyline           = 
|image_alt               = 
|image_caption           = 
|image_flag              = Flag of Guipúzcoa.svg
|flag_size               = 
|flag_alt                = Flag of Gipuzkoa
|image_shield            = Coat of Arms of Gipuzkoa.svg
|shield_size             = 
|shield_alt              = Coat-of-arms of Gipuzkoa
|motto                   = {{langx|la|Fidelissima Bardulia Numquam Superata}} ("Most faithful [[Bardulia]], never conquered")
|image_map               = Gipuzkoa in Spain (plus Canarias).svg
|map_alt                 = 
|map_caption             = 
|coordinates             = {{coord|43|10|N|2|10|W|region:ES-SS_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
|coor_pinpoint           = 
|subdivision_type        = Country
|subdivision_name        = Spain
|subdivision_type1       = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Autonomous Community]]
|subdivision_name1       = Basque Country
|seat_type               = [[Capital (political)|Capital]]
|seat                    = [[San Sebastián]]
|area_footnotes          =
|area_total_km2          = 1997
|area_rank               = [[List of Spanish provinces by area|Ranked 50th]]
|population_as_of        = 2023
|population_footnotes    = 
|population_total        = 726712
|population_rank         = [[List of Spanish provinces by population|Ranked 19th]]
|population_density_km2  = 363.90
|population_demonym      = Basque, Gipuzkoar
|blank1_name_sec1        = [[Official language]]s
|blank1_info_sec1        = Basque, Spanish
|blank2_name_sec1        = 
|blank2_info_sec1        = 
|blank_name_sec2         = Parliament
|blank_info_sec2         = {{Lang|es|[[Cortes Generales]]|italic=no}}
|blank1_name_sec2        = [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Congress seats]]
|blank1_info_sec2        = 6 (of 350)
|blank2_name_sec2        = [[Spanish Senate|Senate seats]]
|blank2_info_sec2        = 4 (of 264)
|blank3_name_sec2        = [[General Assembly of Gipuzkoa]]
|blank3_info_sec2        = 51
|postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
|postal_code             = 20
|iso_code                = ES-SS
|leader_title            = Deputy General
|leader_name             = [[Eider Mendoza]] ([[Basque Nationalist Party]])
|leader_party            = 
|website                 = [http://www.gipuzkoa.eus/ Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundia]
|footnotes               = 
}}

'''Gipuzkoa''' ({{IPAc-en|US|ɡ|iː|ˈ|p|uː|s|k|oʊ|ə}} {{respell|ghee|POO|skoh|ə}},<ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Guipúzcoa|access-date=30 May 2019}}</ref> {{IPA|eu|ɡipus̻ko.a|lang}}; {{langx|es|Guipúzcoa}} {{IPA|es|ɡiˈpuθkoa||ES-es - Guipúzcoa.oga}}; {{langx|fr|Guipuscoa}}) is a [[Provinces of Spain|province of Spain]] and a historical territory of the [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|autonomous community of the Basque Country]]. Its capital city is [[San Sebastián|Donostia-San Sebastián]]. Gipuzkoa shares borders with the French [[Departments of France|department]] of [[Pyrénées-Atlantiques]] at the northeast, with the province and autonomous community of [[Navarre]] at east, [[Biscay]] at west, [[Álava]] at southwest and the [[Bay of Biscay]] to its north. It is located at the easternmost extreme of the [[Cantabric Sea]], in the Bay of Biscay. It has {{convert|66|km|abbr=off}} of coastline.

With a total area of {{convert|1,980|km2|abbr=off}}, Gipuzkoa is the [[List of Spanish provinces by area|smallest province of Spain]]. The province has 89 [[Municipalities of Spain|municipalities]] and a population of 720,592 inhabitants (2018), from which more than half live in the [[San Sebastian metropolitan area|Donostia-San Sebastián metropolitan area]]. Apart from the capital, other important cities are [[Irun]], [[Errenteria]], [[Zarautz]], [[Mondragón]], [[Eibar]], [[Hondarribia]], [[Oñati]], [[Tolosa, Spain|Tolosa]], [[Beasain]] and [[Pasaia]].

Gipuzkoa is the province of the [[Basque Country (greater region)|Basque Country]] in which the [[Basque language]] is the most extensively used since 49.1% of its population spoke Basque in 2006.<ref>{{cite report |url=http://www.euskara.euskadi.eus/contenidos/informacion/sociolinguistic_research2006/en_2011/adjuntos/IV%20Inkesta%20INGLES%20FINAL.PDF |title=Basque Autonomous Community Fourth Sociolinguistic Survey 2006 |access-date=24 May 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524175855/http://www.euskara.euskadi.eus/contenidos/informacion/sociolinguistic_research2006/en_2011/adjuntos/IV%20Inkesta%20INGLES%20FINAL.PDF |archive-date=24 May 2015 |isbn=978-84-457-2777-5 |lang=en |date=July 2008 |edition=2nd |publisher=Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzua |page=18}}</ref>

== Etymology ==
The first recorded name of the province was ''Ipuscoa'' in a document from the year 1025.<ref name=etymology>{{cite web |url=http://w390w.gipuzkoa.net/WAS/CORP/DJGPortalWEB/territorio_historico_de_gipuzkoa.jsp?id=01&idioma=es |title=El Territorio Histórico de Gipuzkoa: Nombre |author=Juntas Generales de Gipuzkoa |publisher=Gipuzkoa.net |access-date=18 October 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406124435/http://w390w.gipuzkoa.net/WAS/CORP/DJGPortalWEB/territorio_historico_de_gipuzkoa.jsp?id=01&idioma=es |archive-date=6 April 2012 }}</ref> During the following years, and in various documents, several similar names appear, such as ''Ipuzcoa'', ''Ipuçcha'', ''Ipuzka'', among others.

The full etymology the word Gipuzkoa has not been fully ascertained, but links have been made with the Basque word {{lang|eu|Giputz}},<ref name=etymology/> containing the root {{lang|eu|ip-}} which is related to the word {{lang|eu|ipar}} (north), {{lang|eu|ipurdi}} (back) and {{lang|eu|ipuin}} (tale). According to this, ''ipuzko'' (one of the several first known denominations) might refer to something "to the north" or "in the north".<ref name=etymology/>

== Denominations ==

=== ''Gipuzkoa'' ===
Gipuzkoa is the [[Basque language|Basque]] spelling recommended by the [[Euskaltzaindia|Royal Academy of the Basque Language]], and it is commonly used in official documents in that language. The Basque spelling is also mandatory in official texts from the various Spanish public administrations, even in documents written in Spanish. It is the spelling most frequently used by the Spanish-language media in the [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country]].

It is also the spelling used in the Basque version of the [[Spanish Constitution of 1978|Spanish constitution]] and in the Basque version of the [[Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country]]. Gipuzkoa is also the only official spelling approved for the historical territory by the [[Juntas Generales]] of the province.

=== ''Guipúzcoa'' ===
''Guipúzcoa'' is the spelling in Spanish, and it has been determined by the [[Association of Spanish Language Academies]] as being the only correct use outside official Spanish documents in which the Basque spelling is mandatory.<ref group="nb">The change in the official Spanish policy regarding the naming of Gipuzkoa dates only from 2011, and the last (and first) edition of the [[Panhispanic dictionary of doubts]] dates from 2005. The specific case of the spelling of ''Guipúzcoa'' is therefore not included. However, the articles for [http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=l%E9rida Lérida] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503003642/http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=l%E9rida|date=3 May 2018}} and [https://archive.today/20130419061359/http://www.rae.es/dpd/srv/search?key=gerona Gerona] indicate that will be the criterion followed for the Guipúzcoa article in the edition that is currently under elaboration.</ref> It is also the Spanish spelling used in the Spanish version of the Constitution and in the Spanish version of the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country.

==Geography and demographics==
[[File:Oiartzun_ibaia_Ugarritze_parean.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Oiartzun (river)|Oiartzun]] river passing through [[Errenteria]]]]
At {{convert|1980|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}}, Gipuzkoa is the [[List of Spanish provinces by area|smallest province in Spain]]. The province has 88 [[municipality|municipalities]] and 709,607 inhabitants (2011), a quarter of whom live in the capital, [[San Sebastián]]. Other important towns are [[Irun]], [[Errenteria]], [[Zarautz]], [[Arrasate]], [[Oñati]] with an old university, [[Eibar]], [[Tolosa, Spain|Tolosa]] which was the provincial capital for a short time, [[Beasain]], [[Pasaia]], the main port and [[Hondarribia]], an old fort town across from the French Atlantic coast.

Gipuzkoa is hilly and green linking mountain and sea, and heavily populated with numerous urban nuclei that dot the whole territory. The conspicuous presence of hills and rugged terrain has added to a special leaning towards [[hiking]], nature and mountains on the part of Gipuzkoans. Some mountains have an emblematic or iconic significance in the local tradition, their summits being topped with crosses, memorials and mountaineer postboxes. In addition, [[pilgrimage]]s which have gradually lost their former religious zeal and taken on a more secular slant are sometimes held to their summits. Some renowned mountains are [[Aiako Harria]], [[Hernio]], [[Txindoki]], [[Aizkorri]] and [[Izarraitz]], amongst others.

[[File:Algorri Flysch.jpg|thumb|Algorri beach in [[Zumaia]]]]
The [[Aralar Natural Park]] is a conservation area on the border of Gipuzkoa and Navarre in the [[Aralar Range]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gipuzkoaturismo.net/WAS/CORP/DITPortalTurismoPublicoWEB/GenerarPDF.do?idioma=en&codigoFN=E.4.2.2 |title=Aralar Natural Park |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726031049/http://www.gipuzkoaturismo.net/WAS/CORP/DITPortalTurismoPublicoWEB/GenerarPDF.do?idioma=en&codigoFN=E.4.2.2 |archive-date=26 July 2013 |website=Guipúzcoa Department of Sports and Eternal Activities |lang=en |access-date=12 November 2013}}</ref>

The rivers of Gipuzkoa are distinctly different from other [[Bay of Biscay]] rivers. They arise in the hilly [[Basque Country (greater region)|Basque]] inland landscape (''Basque Mountains''), flow in a south- north direction, forming close, narrow  valleys before joining the ocean. The rivers extend for a short length with only a small fluctuation in the volume of water thanks to the stable rainfall all year round, and they show an abrupt drop between origin and mouth as far as the length of the river is concerned. From west to east the rivers are the [[Deba (river)|Deba]], [[Urola]], [[Oria River|Oria]], [[Urumea]], [[Oiartzun River|Oiartzun]] and [[Bidasoa]]. Except for a narrow strip extending east from the hamlet ''Otzaurte'' ([[Zegama]]) and the [[San Adrian (tunnel)|tunnel of San Adrian]], the province drains its waters to the Atlantic basin.

=== Population development ===
{{col-start}}
{{col-break}}
The historical population is given in the following chart:
<timeline>
Colors=
 id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
 id:darkgrey  value:gray(0.7)
 id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1)

ImageSize  = width:700 height:auto barincrement:28
PlotArea   = left:40 bottom:40 top:20 right:20
DateFormat = x.y
Period     = from:0 till:770
TimeAxis   = orientation:horizontal
AlignBars  = late
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:100 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:50 start:0
BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo

PlotData=
  color:skyblue width:20 shift:(-50,-5) fontsize:M anchor:till
 bar:1877 from:0 till:170 text:170,209
 bar:1887 from:0 till:181 text:181,149
 bar:1900 from:0 till:197 text:196,531
 bar:1910 from:0 till:221 text:221,427
 bar:1920 from:0 till:261 text:260,504
 bar:1930 from:0 till:296 text:296,269
 bar:1940 from:0 till:325 text:325,003
 bar:1950 from:0 till:371 text:371,024
 bar:1960 from:0 till:474 text:473,901
 bar:1970 from:0 till:626 text:626,049
 bar:1980 from:0 till:695 text:694,681
 bar:1990 from:0 till:676 text:676,488
 bar:2000 from:0 till:674 text:673,563
 bar:2010 from:0 till:708 text:708,425
 bar:2020 from:0 till:727 text:727,121
	
TextData=
 pos:(35,20) fontsize:M
 text:"Number bar: Thousand inhabitants; Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, INE {{INE.es EWZ-Archiv|20000}}"

</timeline>
{{col-break}}
{| class="toc" cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=65% style="float:left; text-align:center;clear:all; margin-left:10px; font-size:95%;"
!bgcolor=Blue colspan=8 style="color:white;"|Most populated municipalities<br />(2021)
|-bgcolor=#efefef
!width=4% |Position
!width=86% |Municipality
!width=10% |Inhabitants
|-
|1st||'''[[Donostia]]'''||188,102
|-
|2nd||'''[[Irún]]'''||62,933
|-
|3nd||'''[[Errenteria]]'''||39,219
|-
|4th||'''[[Eibar]]'''||27,467
|-
|5th||'''[[Zarautz]]'''||23,271
|-
|6th||'''[[Arrasate]]'''||21,867
|-
|7th||'''[[Hernani, Gipuzkoa|Hernani]]'''||20,362
|-
|8th||'''[[Tolosa, Gipuzkoa|Tolosa]]'''||19,795
|-
|9th||'''[[Lasarte-Oria]]'''||18,893
|-
|10th||'''[[Hondarribia]]'''||16,852
|-
|11th||'''[[Pasaia]]'''||15,867
|-
|12th||'''[[Azpeitia]]'''||15,191
|-
|13th||'''[[Andoain]]'''||14,631
|-
|14th||'''[[Bergara]]'''||14,584
|-
|15th||'''[[Beasain]]'''||13,949
|-
|}
{{col-end}}

==Climate==
Gipuzkoa has an [[oceanic climate]], characterized by its low variation in temperature, with cool summers, moderate winters and abundant rain throughout the year. The climate promotes the growth of lush vegetation.

The area is windy for most of the year with those from the north-northwest bringing significant moisture from the ocean. Rainfall is abundant due to the wind direction and hilly region of the province, with rainfall ranging between 1200 and 1700 mm per year. Cloud cover is also high.

The climate is oceanic, with few thermal fluctuations and abundant rainfall (1400 mm per year). The rainfall and relief have a hydrography defined by rivers of short length, although large and regular; The main ones are the Bidasoa, the Oyarzun, the Urumea, the Oria, the Urola and the Deva. Their agricultural utility, as a consequence of the rainfall, is minimal, although they have been the basis of an industry that has ended up contaminating its waters. The predominant vegetation, also conditioned by the climate, is the boreal forest, with deciduous species that alternate with meadows.

==Infrastructure==
[[File:Pasaiako_portua_2.jpg|thumb|Inlet to the harbour of Pasaia]]
[[File:Jaizkibel, Donostia, Larrun.jpg|thumb|San Sebastian and Pasaia flanked at either side by Mounts [[Jaizkibel]] and [[Larrun]]]]
[[File:Aralarretik Aizkorri mendikatea.JPG|thumb|View to the SW from Ganbo Txiki in [[Aralar Range|Aralar]], with [[Aratz]] and the [[Aizkorri]] ridge in the background]]
[[File:Arlaban - Vega 02.jpg|thumb|Meadows near the Arlaban mountain pass]]
The region's communication layout is in step with its geographical features, with the main lines of infrastructure along a north -south axis up to recent times along the rivers heading to the ocean. Accordingly, the inland [[Way of St. James]], i.e. the Tunnel Route penetrated the province via [[Irun]] and turned south-west along the [[Oria River]] towards the provincial limits at the tunnel of San Adrian. This stretch was in operation up to 1765 when the Royal Road moved to the western [[Deba (river)|Deba]] Valley. A minor St. James route crossed Gipuzkoa east to west along the coast.

Currently,{{when|date=December 2015}} the main road cutting through Gipuzkoa largely follows that layout, i.e. the N-1 E-5 from Irun to Donostia and on to [[Altsasu]] all along the Oria River for the most part (gateway to Navarre through the pass of Etxegarate). Also, the major [[Renfe|Irun-Madrid railway]] runs close to the river up to its very origin on the slopes of [[Aizkorri]]  at train stop Otzaurte in [[Zegama]]. By 1973 engineering works for the Bilbao-Behobia A-8 E-70 motorway had been completed, with the new road cutting across the valleys east to west and turning into the main axis between Donostia and Bilbao, besides enabling heavy load traffic to access the west and south of Spain as a toll road. The regional railway network [[Euskotren Trena]] also follows along the coast from east to west, while it proves impractical for long distance on the grounds of its tortuous layout and as it serves small towns. The railway network reaches the border town [[Hendaia]] before it changes to [[SNCF]]. Within the [[Donostialdea]] region, the [[San Sebastián Metro]] provides service.

The stretch of the A-15 motorway serving Gipuzkoa and Pamplona opened in 1995 embroiled in controversy under protest and an attack campaign led by ecologists, [[Batasuna|Basque leftist nationalists]] and eventually ETA. Conflict resolved after a deal about the definitive layout was struck. In January 2010, following a scheme drawn up by the regional government of Gipuzkoa to improve provisions for the ever-increasing road traffic, the Maltzaga-Urbina AP-1 motorway stretch leading to [[Vitoria, Spain|Gasteiz]] was completed, providing likewise access to the industrial areas of [[Arrasate]] and [[Bergara]], the gateway to [[Álava]] by village Landa. AP-1 and N-1 E-5 are connected by a highway east to west from [[Bergara]] and [[Beasain]]. European traffic to south of Spain avoids [[Donostia]]'s metropolitan area by means of the southern outer road ring.

The AVE [[high-speed rail]] is currently under construction, with an Y-type layout and links to the SNCF network in Hendaia (NE), Vitoria (SE), Bilbao (W) and [[Pamplona]] (S) to be completed by 2022. Contractors were appointed, works are in place although past schedule, while strong opposition (ecologists, Basque leftist nationalists,...) and serious financial tensions made its future uncertain.

The only airport in Gipuzkoa serving just domestic flights is the [[San Sebastian Airport]] located in [[Hondarribia]], while the air transportation needs are usually served by the nearby [[Bilbao Airport|Bilbao]] and [[Biarritz – Anglet – Bayonne Airport|Biarritz]] airports.

==Cultural traits==
[[Gipuzkera]], a [[dialect]] of the [[Basque language]] spoken in most of the region, shows a considerable vitality and holds a prominent position among other dialects. A 2021 survey found that 51.8% of the population spoke Basque.<ref>{{cite news |last=Azurmendi Zabaleta |first=Nerea |date=18 May 2023 |title=The Basque Language Gains Speakers, but No Surge in Usage |url=https://basquetribune.com/the-basque-language-gains-speakers-but-no-surge-in-usage/ |work=Basque Tribune |archive-date=30 December 2023 |access-date=30 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230023936/https://basquetribune.com/the-basque-language-gains-speakers-but-no-surge-in-usage/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The Basque cultural element is apparent, including traditional dances and singing, [[bertsolaritza]], [[trikiti]] and [[txistu]] music, [[baserri]]s dotting the rural landscape, town festivals, and its signature heavy sculptures (stone, steel, iron) from the industrial tradition, all blending with the latest Basque, Spanish and international pop culture events and design trends centred in major urban areas ([[San Sebastián|Donostia]], Tolosa, etc.).

Traditionally a Catholic province, its patron [[saint]]s are the [[Society of Jesus]]' [[Ignatius of Loyola]], a native of this province born in the neighborhood of Loyola ([[Azpeitia]]), and [[Sanctuary of Arantzazu|Our Lady of Arantzazu]].

The region has produced many famous Basque athletes for example: [[Jose Maria Olazabal]] (golfer), [[José Ángel Iribar]], [[Mikel Arteta]] and [[Xabi Alonso]] (footballers), [[Abraham Olano]] and [[Domingo Perurena]] (cyclists), [[Edurne Pasaban]] and [[Alberto Iñurrategi]] (mountaineers), [[Iñaki Urdangarin]] (handball player), [[Maite Zúñiga]] (runner) and [[Paulino Uzcudun]] (boxer). Professional tennis player [[Garbiñe Muguruza]]'s father is also a native of Gipuzkoa.

==Notable natives and residents==
* [[Abraham Olano]], road racing cyclist, 1995 world road champion, 1998 world time trial champion
* [[Ainhoa Arteta]], soprano
* [[Alberto Iñurrategi]], mountaineer
* [[Andoni Iraola Sagarna]], former footballer and current manager of [[AFC Bournemouth|Bournemouth]]
* [[Andrés de Urdaneta]], explorer and navigator
* [[Asier Illarramendi]], footballer
* [[Bernardo Atxaga]], writer
* [[Blas de Lezo]], Admiral famed for the [[Battle of Cartagena de Indias]]
* [[Cosme Damián de Churruca y Elorza]], Admiral of the Royal Spanish Armada
* [[Cristóbal Balenciaga]], fashion designer
* [[Cristóbal de Oñate]], explorer, conquistador and colonial official in [[New Spain]]
* [[Domingo Martínez de Irala]], conquistador
* [[Eduardo Chillida]], sculptor
* [[Edurne Pasaban]], mountaineer
* [[Fernando de Villanueva]] (died 1679), governor of [[Spanish New Mexico]] between 1665 and 1668.
* [[Fernando Savater]], philosopher
* [[Francisco de Ibarra]], explorer, conquistador and the founder of the city of [[Durango City|Durango]]
* [[Gabriel de Mendizábal Iraeta]], General Officer who fought in the [[Peninsular War]]
* [[Ignacio Zuloaga]], painter
* [[Irene Paredes]], footballer
* [[Iker Martínez|Iker Martínez de Lizarduy Lizarribar]], Olympic sailor
* [[Jorge Oteiza]], sculptor
* [[José de Urrutia (explorer)|José de Urrutia]], Explorer and settler of Texas in the 1600s
* [[José María Olazábal]], golfer and winner of Masters tournament
* [[Jose Miguel Barandiaran]], anthropologist, paleontologist
* [[Josune Bereziartu]], rock climber
* [[Joxe Azurmendi]], philosopher
* [[Juan de Tolosa]], explorer, conquistador and one of the founders of [[Zacatecas]]
* [[Juan de Urbieta]], soldier who captured king [[Francis I of France]]
* [[Juan Mari Arzak]], chef
* [[Juan Sebastián Elcano]], first to [[circumnavigator|circumnavigate]] the world, 1522
* [[Julen Lopetegui]], football manager and former player.
* [[Karlos Arguiñano]], chef, TV presenter and producer, and [[Basque pelota]] businessman
* [[Katalina Erauso]], nun and soldier in the 17th century
* [[Koldo Mitxelena]], linguist
* [[Lope de Aguirre]], conquistador, known for his expedition of the mythical [[El Dorado]]
* [[Luis Arconada]], footballer
* [[Luis Mariano]], tenor
* [[Mariano Juaristi|Mariano Juaristi ''Atano III'']], Basque-pelota player
* [[Martín Berasategui]], chef
* [[Martín de Murúa]], friar and chronicler, made the earliest illustrated history of [[Peru]].
* [[Martín Ignacio de Loyola]], Franciscan friar and missionary, first person to complete the world circumnavigation twice - first time in both eastwards and westwards.
* [[Miguel de Oquendo y Segura]], a Spanish admiral, second in command of the [[Spanish Armada]]
* [[Miguel López de Legazpi]], navigator and Governor of [[Captaincy General of the Philippines]]
* [[Mikel Arteta]], former footballer and current manager of [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]]
* [[Paco Rabanne]], fashion designer
* [[Pako Ayestarán]], Spanish football manager, former Head Coach of [[Valencia CF]].
* [[Pío Baroja y Nessi]], writer
* [[Ignatius of Loyola|San Ignacio de Loyola]], saint and founder of the [[Society of Jesus]]
* [[Cándida María de Jesús|Sta. Cándida María de Jesús]], saint and founder of the [[Congregation of the Hijas de Jesús]]
* [[Domingo Ibáñez de Erquicia|Sto. Domingo Ibáñez de Erquicia]], Dominican Saint, Martyr
* [[Tirso de Olazábal y Lardizábal|Tirso de Olazábal, Count of Arbelaiz]], Politician
* [[Unai Emery]], current manager of [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]
* [[Xabi Alonso]], former footballer and current manager of [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]

==See also==
*[[List of municipalities in Gipuzkoa]]
*[[History of the Basques]]
*[[Treaties of Good Correspondence]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group="nb"}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website|http://www.gipuzkoa.eus/}} (Information in [[Basque language|Basque]], Spanish)

{{Regions in Gipuzkoa}}
{{Municipalities in Gipuzkoa}}
{{Provinces of Spain}}
{{Euskal Herria provinces}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Portal bar|Spain}}

[[Category:Gipuzkoa| ]]<!--please leave the empty space as standard-->