View source for General ticket

{{short description|Type of block voting}}
{{Electoral systems}}
The '''general ticket''' or '''party block voting''' ('''PBV'''),<ref>The Australian Electoral System,  p. 61</ref> is a type of [[block voting]] in which voters opt for a party or a team of candidates, and the highest-polling party/team becomes the winner and receives 100% of the seats for this [[Multiwinner voting|multi-member district]]. The party block voting is usually applied with more than one multi-member district to prevent one team winning all seats. This system has a [[Winner-take-all system|winner-take-all]] nature similar to [[first-past-the-post voting]] for [[single-member district]]s, which is vulnerable to [[gerrymandering]] and [[majority reversal]]s. 

A related system is the [[majority bonus system]], where a block of seats is awarded according to the winner of [[party-list proportional representation]].

==Usage==

=== Philippines ===
From 1941 up to 1949 elections, the Philippines elected its officials under this system, then known as ''block voting''. A voter can write the name of the party on the ballot and have all of that voter's votes allocated for that party's candidates, from president to local officials; there is still an option for a voter to [[Split-ticket voting|split one's ticket]] down ballot and not write the name of the party. This led to landslides for the [[Nacionalista Party]] in [[1941 Philippine general election|1941]], for the [[Liberal Party]] in [[1949 Philippine general election|1949]]. The law was amended in time for the 1951 election, having voters to vote for each office separately.<ref name="quezon">{{cite news |last=Quezon |first=Manuel III |date=November 20, 2006 |title=Block voting |url=http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20061120-33603/Block_voting |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326173220/http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20061120-33603/Block_voting |archivedate=March 26, 2012 |accessdate=December 31, 2012 |newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |authorlink=Manuel L. Quezon III}}</ref>

=== Singapore ===
{{Main article|Group representation constituency}}
In Singapore, the general ticket system, locally known as the {{em|party block vote}}, elects by far most members of the [[Parliament of Singapore]] from [[multi-member district]]s known as [[Group representation constituency|group representation constituencies]] (GRCs), on a [[Plurality voting|plurality]] basis. This operates in parallel to elections from [[single-member district]] and [[Nominated Member of Parliament|nominations]]. It is moderated by the inclusion of at least one person of a different race than the others in any "team" (which is not necessarily a party team) which is selected by voters.{{Cn|date=August 2024}}

=== United States ===
{{United States House of Representatives}}Ticket voting is used to elect electors for the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]] for [[United States presidential election|presidential elections]], except for some of the electors in Maine and Nebraska who are elected by [[First-past-the-post voting|first-past-the-post]] in districts covering just part of each state. Under ticket voting, votes for any non-overall winning party's candidates do not receive any representation by elected members.

=== Coexistence ===
The following countries use party block voting in [[Coexistence (electoral systems)|coexistence]] with other systems in different districts.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Country
!Legislative body
!Latest election (year)
!(Seats per
constituency)
! colspan="2" |Electoral system
!Total seats
!Share of seats elected by PBV
![[Proportional representation#District magnitude|Constituencies]]
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Cote d'Ivoire}} [[Elections in Ivory Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]] (Ivory Coast)'''
|[[National Assembly (Ivory Coast)|National Assembly]]
|[[2021 Ivorian parliamentary election|2021]]
|
| style="background:#C87137" |
|[[First-past-the-post voting|First-past-the-post]] (FPTP/SMP) in single-member districts and '''party block voting (PBV)''' in multi-member districts
|255
|
|electoral districts
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Egypt}} [[Elections in Egypt|Egypt]]'''
|[[House of Representatives (Egypt)|House of Representatives]]
|[[2020 Egyptian parliamentary election|2020]]
|1 (local districts), 42-100 (list districts)
| style="background:#C87137" |
|[[Two-round system]] (TRS) and '''party block voting (PBV/General ticket)'''
|59
|
|electoral districts
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Singapore}} [[Elections in Singapore|Singapore]]'''
|[[Parliament of Singapore|Parliament]]
|[[2025 Singaporean general election|2025]]
|
| style="background:#C87137" |
|[[First-past-the-post voting|First-past-the-post]] (FPTP/SMP) in single-member districts and '''party block voting (PBV)''' in multi-member districts
|108 (97 directly elected)
|
|
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|United States}} [[Elections in the United States|United States]]'''
|'''{{Flagicon|United States}}''' [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]]
|[[2020 United States presidential election|2020]]
|1-54
| style="background:#C87137" |
|The electors of the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]] (who have opportunity to elect the [[President of the United States]]) are elected by '''general ticket''' in 48 states based on state-wide party vote tallies. 
Nebraska and Maine use the general ticket method for 2 statewide electors each, with the other electors chosen by [[First-past-the-post voting|first-past-the-post]] in single-member congressional districts.
|538
|
|All states except Maine and Nebraska, where congressional districts are also used as constituencies
|}

=== Superposition ===
Countries using party block voting [[Parallel voting|in parallel]] with [[proportional representation]].{{Cn|date=August 2024}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Country
!Legislative body
!Latest election (year)
!(Seats per
constituency)
! colspan="2" |Electoral system
!Total seats 
!Share of seats elected by PBV
![[Proportional representation#District magnitude|Constituencies]]
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Andorra}} [[Elections in Andorra|Andorra]]'''
|[[General Council (Andorra)|General Council]]
|[[2019 Andorran parliamentary election|2019]]
|2 (local districts) / 14 (nationwide constituency)
| style="background:#D400AA" |
|Parallel voting / ''superposition'' (MMM):
'''Party block voting (PBV)''' locally + [[Party-list proportional representation|list PR]] nationwide
|28
|'''50%'''
|7 parishes,
1 nationwide constituency
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Elections in Cameroon|Cameroon]]'''
|[[National Assembly (Cameroon)|National Assembly]]
|[[2020 Cameroonian parliamentary election|2020]]
|1-7
| style="background:#C87137" |
|[[Coexistence (electoral system)|''Coexistence'']]+''conditional'' supermixed/hybrid:
[[First-past-the-post voting|First-past-the-post]] (FPTP/SMP) in single-member constituencies,

'''party with over 50% of vote gets all seats in multi-member constituencies (party block voting), otherwise highest party gets half''', rest distributed by [[Largest remainder method|largest remainder]] ([[Hare quota]])
|180 
|'''(50%/100%)'''
|electoral districts
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Chad}} [[Elections in Chad|Chad]]'''
|[[National Assembly (Chad)|National Assembly]]
|[[2011 Chadian parliamentary election|2011]]
|?{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}
| style="background:#C87137" |
|[[Coexistence (electoral system)|''Coexistence'']]+''conditional'' supermixed/hybrid:
[[First-past-the-post voting|First-past-the-post]] (FPTP/SMP) '''party with over 50% of vote gets all seats in multi-member constituencies''' (party block voting), otherwise [[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]] (largest remainder, closed list)<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 September 2015|title=Le système électoral au Tchad - Comité de Suivi de l'Appel à la Paix et à la Réconciliation|url=http://www.csapr-initiative-paix.org/le-systeme-electoral-au-tchad/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923150451/http://www.csapr-initiative-paix.org/le-systeme-electoral-au-tchad/|archive-date=2015-09-23|access-date=25 September 2020|language=fr}}</ref>
|188 
|'''(50%/100%)'''
|electoral districts
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Djibouti}} [[Elections in Djibouti|Djibouti]]'''
|[[National Assembly (Djibouti)|National Assembly]]
|[[2018 Djiboutian parliamentary election|2018]]
|3-28
| style="background:#646696" |
|''Fusion'' / majority jackpot (MBS):
'''80% of seats (rounded to the nearest integer) in each constituency are awarded to the party receiving the most votes (party block voting)''', remaining seats are allocated proportionally to other parties receiving over 10% ([[closed list]], [[D'Hondt method]])
|65
|'''80%'''
|regions
|}

==History==
Historically party block voting was used in the [[United States House of Representatives|US House of Representatives]] before 1967 but mainly before 1847; and in France, in the pre-[[World War I]] decades of the [[Third Republic (France)|Third Republic]] which began in 1870.
=== France ===
The '''scrutin de liste''' ([[French language|Fr.]] {{Lang|fr|scrutin}}, voting by [[ballot]], and {{Lang|fr|liste}}, a list) was, before [[World War I]], a [[Voting system|system of election]] of national representatives in [[France]] by which the electors of a [[département in France|department]] voted for a party-homogeneous slate of deputies to be elected to serve it nationally. It was distinguished from the {{Lang|fr|scrutin d'arrondissement}}, also called {{Lang|fr|scrutin uninominal}}, under which the electors in each [[arrondissement in France|arrondissement]] returned one deputy.<ref>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Scrutin de Liste |volume=24 |page=487 |inline=1}}</ref>

=== United States ===
The following is a table of every instance of the use of the general ticket in the [[United States Congress]]. General ticket system was common until limited to special use by the 1842 [[Apportionment Bill]] and locally implementing legislation which took effect after the 1845&ndash;47 Congress.<ref>Public Law 90-196, {{usc|2|2c}}</ref> Until the Congress ending in 1967 it took effect in rare instances, save for a two cases of ex-[[Confederate States]] &ndash; for one term &ndash; these had tiny delegations, were for top-up members to be at-large allocated pending redistricting, or were added to the union since the last census.

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! Congress
! Dates
! State and<br> number of representatives
|-
| [[1st United States Congress|1st]] || 1789–1791 || Connecticut (5), New Jersey (4), New Hampshire (3), Pennsylvania (8)
|-
| [[2nd United States Congress|2nd]] || 1791–1793 || Connecticut (5), New Jersey (4), New Hampshire (3)
|-
| [[3rd United States Congress|3rd]] || 1793–1795 || Connecticut (7), Georgia (2), New Jersey (5), New Hampshire (4), Pennsylvania (13), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[4th United States Congress|4th]] and [[5th United States Congress|5th]] || 1795–1799 || Connecticut (7), Georgia (2), New Jersey (5), New Hampshire (4), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[6th United States Congress|6th]] || 1799–1801 || Connecticut (7), Georgia (2), New Hampshire (4), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[7th United States Congress|7th]] || 1801–1803 || Connecticut (7), Georgia (2), New Jersey (5), New Hampshire (4), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[8th United States Congress|8th]] || 1803–1805 || Connecticut (7), Georgia (4), New Jersey (6), New Hampshire (5), Rhode Island (2), Tennessee (3)
|-
| [[9th United States Congress|9th]] to [[12th United States Congress|12th]] || 1805–1813 || Connecticut (7), Georgia (4), New Jersey (6), New Jersey (5), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[13th United States Congress|13th]] || 1813–1815 || Connecticut (7), Delaware (2), Georgia (6), New Hampshire (6), Rhode Island (2), Vermont (6)
|-
| [[14th United States Congress|14th]] to [[16th United States Congress|16th]] || 1815–1821 || Connecticut (7), Delaware (2), Georgia (6), New Jersey (6), New Hampshire (6), Rhode Island (2), Vermont (6)
|-
| [[17th United States Congress|17th]] || 1821–1823 || Connecticut (7), Delaware (2), Georgia (6), New Jersey (6), New Hampshire (6), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[18th United States Congress|18th]] || 1823–1825 || Connecticut (6), Georgia (7), New Jersey (6), New Hampshire (6), Rhode Island (2), Vermont (5)
|-
| [[19th United States Congress|19th]] || 1825–1827 || Connecticut (6), Georgia (7), New Jersey (6), New Hampshire (6), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[20th United States Congress|20th]] || 1827–1829 || Connecticut (6), New Jersey (6), New Hampshire (6), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[21st United States Congress|21st]] and [[22nd United States Congress|22nd]] || 1829–1833 || Connecticut (6), Georgia (7), New Jersey (6), New Hampshire (6), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[23rd United States Congress|23rd]] and [[24th United States Congress|24th]] || 1833–1837 || Connecticut (6), Georgia (9), Missouri (2), Mississippi (2), New Jersey (6), New Hampshire (5), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[25th United States Congress|25th]] and [[26th United States Congress|26th]] || 1837–1841 || New Hampshire (5), Georgia (9), Missouri (2), Mississippi (2), New Jersey (6), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[27th United States Congress|27th]]  || 1841–1843 || Alabama (5), Georgia (9), Missouri (2), Mississippi (2), New Hampshire (5), New Jersey (6), Rhode Island (2)
|-
| [[28th United States Congress|28th]]  || 1843–1845 || New Hampshire (4), Georgia (8), Missouri (5), Mississippi (4)
|-
| [[29th United States Congress|29th]]  || 1845–1847 || Iowa (2), New Hampshire (4), Missouri (5), Mississippi (4)
|-
| [[30th United States Congress|30th]]  || 1847–1849 || Wisconsin (2)
|-
| [[31st United States Congress|31st]] to [[34th United States Congress|34th]] || 1849–1857 || California (2)
|-
| [[35th United States Congress|35th]] to [[37th United States Congress|37th]] || 1857–1863 || California (2), Minnesota (2)
|-
| [[38th United States Congress|38th]] to [[42nd United States Congress|42nd]] || 1863–1873 || California (3)
|-
| [[43rd United States Congress|43rd]] to [[47th United States Congress|47th]] || 1873–1883 || Florida (2), Kansas (3)
|-
| [[48th United States Congress|48th]] || 1883–1885 || Maine (4)
|-
| [[51st United States Congress|51st]] and [[52nd United States Congress|52nd]] || 1889–1893 || South Dakota (2)
|-
| [[53rd United States Congress|53rd]] to [[57th United States Congress|57th]] || 1893–1903 || South Dakota (2), Washington (2)
|-
| [[58th United States Congress|58th]] to [[60th United States Congress|60th]] || 1903–1909 || North Dakota (2), South Dakota (2), Washington (3)
|-
| [[61st United States Congress|61st]] || 1909–1911 || North Dakota (2), South Dakota (2)
|-
| [[62nd United States Congress|62nd]] || 1911–1913 || North Dakota (2), New Mexico (2), South Dakota (2)
|-
| [[63rd United States Congress|63rd]] || 1913–1915 || Idaho (2), Montana (2), Utah (2)
|-
| [[64th United States Congress|64th]] || 1915–1917 || Idaho (2), Montana (2)
|-
| [[65th United States Congress|65th]] to [[72nd United States Congress|72nd]] || 1917–1933 || Idaho (2), Montana (2)
|-
| [[73rd United States Congress|73rd]] || 1933–1935 || Kentucky (9), Minnesota (9), Missouri (13), North Dakota (2), Virginia (9)
|-
| [[74th United States Congress|74th]] to [[77th United States Congress|77th]] || 1935–1943 || North Dakota (2)
|-
| [[78th United States Congress|78th]] to [[80th United States Congress|80th]] || 1943–1949 || Arizona (2), New Mexico (2), North Dakota (2)
|-
| [[81st United States Congress|81st]] to [[87th United States Congress|87th]] || 1949–1963 || New Mexico (2), North Dakota (2)
|-
| [[88th United States Congress|88th]] || 1963–1965 || Alabama (8), Hawaii (2), New Mexico (2)
|-
| [[89th United States Congress|89th]] and [[90th United States Congress|90th]] || 1965–1969 || Hawaii (2), New Mexico (2)
|-
| [[91st United States Congress|91st]] || 1969–1971 || Hawaii (2)
|}

==See also==
* [[Block voting]]
* [[Directorial system]]
* [[Duverger's law]]
* [[Multiple non-transferable vote]]
* [[Plural district]]

== References ==
<references/>

==Sources==
*{{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|year = 1982|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York}}

==External links==
*[https://www.house.gov/the-house-explained/history-of-the-house U.S. House of Representatives: House History]

[[Category:Non-proportional multi-winner electoral systems]]
[[Category:United States congressional districts]]