View source for Ge (unit)

{{Short description|Chinese unit of volume}}
{{Redirect|Go (unit)|the computing unit|Octet (computing)}}
{{Italic title}}
{{infobox Chinese
|c={{linktext|合}} |p=gě |w=ko
|hangul=홉 |mr=hop |rr=hop
|kanji=合 |romaji=gō
}}
The '''''ge''''' ({{zh|c=合 |p=gě}}) is a traditional [[Chinese units of measure|Chinese unit]] of [[volume]] equal to {{sfrac|10}}{{nbsp}}''[[sheng (unit)|sheng]]''. Its [[Korean units|Korean equivalent]] is the '''''hop''''' (or ''hob'') and its [[Japanese units|Japanese equivalent]] is the '''''gō'''''.

{{anchor|Ge}}

==China==
{{see also|deciliter}}
The ''ge'' is a [[traditional Chinese unit]] of volume equal to 10{{nbsp}}''[[shao (unit)|shao]]'' or {{frac|10}}{{nbsp}}''[[sheng (unit)|sheng]]''. Its exact value has varied over time with the size of the ''sheng''.

In 1915, the [[Beiyang Government]] set the ''ge'' as equivalent to {{convert|103.54688|mL|USfloz|sp=us|3}}.<ref name=roc1915>{{citation |contribution-url=http://gaz.ncl.edu.tw/eng/detail.jsp?sysid=D1500002 |contribution=權度法 [''Quándù Fǎ''] |title=''政府公報 [''Zhèngfǔ Gōngbào'', ''Government Gazette'']'' |number=957 |publisher=Office of the President |date=7 January 1915 |pages=85–94 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. {{in lang|zh}}</ref> The [[Nationalist Government]]'s 1929 Weights and Measures Act, effective 1 January 1930, set it equal to the [[deciliter]] {{nowrap|(3.381 [[US fluid ounce|fl oz]]}} or 0.182{{nbsp}}[[US dry pint|dry pt]]).<ref name=roc1930>{{citation |contribution=度量衡法 [''Dùliànghéng Fǎ''] |contribution-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425025351/http://lis.ly.gov.tw/lghtml/lawstat/version2/01926/0192618020200.htm |location=Nanjing |publisher=Legislative Yuan |date=16 February 1929 |url=http://lis.ly.gov.tw |title=''Official site'' }}.</ref> The [[People's Republic of China]] confirmed that value in 1959, although it made the official Chinese name of the deciliter the ''fēnshēng'' {{nowrap|({{lang|zh|{{linktext|分升}}}})}} and exempted [[Chinese herbology|TCM pharmacists]] from punishment for noncompliance with the new measure when traditional amounts were required for preparing medicine.<ref name=prc1959>{{citation |url=http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1959/gwyb195916.pdf |title=''中华人民共和国国务院公报 ''[Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guówùyuàn Gōngbào''], No. 180'' |contribution=科学技术委員会关于統一我国計量制度和进一步开展計量工作的报告 [''Kēxué Jìshù Wěiyuánhuì guānyú Tǒngyī Wǒguó Jìliàngzhì Dù hé Jìnyībù Kāizhǎn Jìliàng Gōngzuò de Bàogào''] |date=3 July 1959 |location=Beijing |pages=312–317 |publisher=State Council of the PRC }}. {{in lang|zh}}</ref>

{|
|-
|1 ''ge''&nbsp;||=
|  style="text-align:right; height:30px;"|{{sfrac|1|10}}||[[liter]]s
|-
|||=
|align=right|100||[[milliliter]]s
|-
|||≈
|align=right|3.52||[[imperial fluid ounce]]s
|-
|||≈
|align=right|3.38||[[US fluid ounce]]s
|-
|||=
|align=right|0.4||[[metric cup]]
|}

{{anchor|Hob|Hop}}

==Korea==
The ''hop'' is a [[traditional Korean unit]] based on the ''ge'' which is equal to {{frac|10}}{{nbsp}}''[[doe (unit)|doe]]'' (SK) or ''toe'' (NK). Its exact value has varied over time with the size of the ''doe''.

During [[Japanese occupation of Korea|its occupation]], Korea's native measures were standardized to their [[Japanese units|Japanese equivalents]]. The present-day ''hop'' is {{sfrac|2401|13310}}{{nbsp}}[[litre]]s (6.1[[US fluid ounce|{{nbsp}}fl{{nbsp}}oz]] or 0.328{{nbsp}}[[US dry pint|dry pt]]), the same as the Japanese ''gō''. Its use for commercial purposes has been criminalized in [[South Korea]], although it continues to be used in [[North Korea|the North]].

{{anchor|Go|Gō}}

==Japan==
===Volume===
[[File:Masu, One-Gō measure.jpg|thumb|A 1-''gō'' ''[[Masu (Japanese)|masu]]'', a wooden box used for measuring portions of rice or [[sake]]]]
The ''gō'' or '''cup''' is a [[traditional Japanese unit]] based on the ''ge'' which is equal to {{nowrap|10 ''[[shaku (unit)|shaku]]''}} or {{nowrap|{{frac|10}}  ''[[shō (unit)|shō]]''}}.

It was officially equated with {{sfrac|2401|13310}}{{nbsp}}liters in 1891. The ''gō'' is the traditional amount used for a [[serving size|serving]] of [[rice]] and a cup of [[sake]] in [[Japanese cuisine]]. Although the ''gō'' is no longer used as an official unit, 1-''gō'' measuring cups or their 180{{nbsp}}mL metric equivalents are often included with Japanese [[rice cooker]]s. In dining, a 1-''gō'' serving is sometimes equated with 150{{nbsp}}g of Japanese short-grain rice. It also appears as a serving size for [[fugu]] and other fish. Since [[sake]] bottles are typically either 720 or 750{{nbsp}}mL, they can be reckoned as holding about four cups.

{|
|-
|1 ''gō''&nbsp;||=
|  style="text-align:right; height:30px;"|{{sfrac|2401|13310}}||liters
|-
|||≈
|align=right|180.4||milliliters
|-
|||≈
|align=right|6.35||imperial fluid ounces
|-
|||≈
|align=right|6.10||US fluid ounces
|-
|||≈
|align=right|{{3/4}}||metric cup
|}

===Area===
The ''gō'' is also used as a unit equal to {{frac|10}}{{nbsp}}''[[tsubo]]''. This is approximately equal to 0.3306&nbsp;[[Square metre|m²]].

===Mountaineering===
In Japanese [[mountaineering]] terms, the distance from the foot of a mountain to the summit is divided into 10 ''gō'', and the points corresponding to these tenths of the route are generally referred to as "stations" in English.

==See also==
* [[Japanese cup]], a separate modern unit of precisely 200{{nbsp}}mL

== References ==
===Citations===
{{reflist|30em}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation |last=Matsumura |first=Akira |title=''大辞林 [''[[Daijirin]]'']'' |publisher=Sanseidō |place=Tokyo |date=1995 |isbn =  4-385-14009-X }}. {{in lang|ja}}
{{refend}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ge, Unit}}
[[Category:Units of volume]]
[[Category:Sake]]
[[Category:Customary units of measurement]]