View source for Gare do Oriente

{{Short description|Train station in Lisbon, Portugal}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Lisboa-Oriente
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| symbol_location = 
| symbol = 
| type = [[Train station]]
| image = Lisbon Oriente Station (42264380264).jpg
| alt = 
| caption = 
| address = [[Parque das Nações]]
| borough = [[Lisbon]]
| country = [[Portugal]]
| coordinates = {{coord|38|46|4|N|9|5|57|W|type:landmark_region:PT|display=inline,title}}
| owned = [[Infraestruturas de Portugal]]
| architect = [[Santiago Calatrava]]
| operator = 
| line = 
| distance = 
| platforms = 
| tracks = 
| train_operators = 
| connections = {{STN|Oriente|x|Lisbon Metro}} [[File:Metropolitano Lisboa logo.svg|12px|link=Lisbon Metro]] [[File:MetroLisboa-linha-vermelha.svg|12px|link=Red Line (Lisbon Metro)]]
| structure = 
| parking = 
| bicycle = 
| accessible = 
| code = 
| zone = 
| website = 
| opened = {{Start date|1998}}
| closed = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} -->
| passengers = 
| pass_year = 
| pass_rank = 
| services = {{Adjstn
|system=Comboios de Portugal|line=Alfa Pendular|left=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right=Santarém
|line2=Alfa Pendular|type2=Faro|left2=Lisbon-Entrecampos|right2=Coimbra-B
|line3=IC Sul|left3=Lisbon-Entrecampos
|line4=IC Braga|left4=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right4=Vila Franca de Xira
|line5=IC Gui|left5=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right5=Vila Franca de Xira
|line6=IC Val|left6=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right6=Vila Franca de Xira
|line7=IC Porto|left7=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right7=Vila Franca de Xira
|line8=IC Guarda|left8=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right8=Vila Franca de Xira
|line9=IC Évora|left9=Lisbon-Entrecampos
}}
| other_services_collapsible=yes
| other_services_header=Other services<br />[[File:Logo CP 2.svg|18px|link=Comboios de Portugal]] [[File:Logo CP 2.svg|18px|link=CP Lisboa]]
| other_services = {{Adjstn
|system=Comboios de Portugal|line=InterRegional Tomar|left=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right=Vila Franca de Xira
|line2=InterRegional Lisboa-Porto|left2=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right2=Vila Franca de Xira
|line3=Regional Lisboa-Entroncamento|left3=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right3=Póvoa
|line4=Regional Tomar|left4=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right4=Póvoa
|line5=Regional Lisboa-Castelo Branco|left5=Lisbon-Santa Apolónia|right5=Vila Franca de Xira
|line6=Regional Lisboa-Porto|left6=Braço de Prata|note-mid6=(R3400)|right6=Moscavide
|system33=Lisbon CP|line33=OrienteSintra|left33=Braço de Prata
|line34=AlvercaSintra|left34=Braço de Prata|right34=Moscavide
|line35=AlcaCasta|left35=Braço de Prata|right35=Moscavide
|line36=Apolobuja|note-mid36={{SLL|Limited service}}|left36=Braço de Prata|right36=Moscavide
}}
| map_type = Portugal Lisbon
}}

'''Gare do Oriente''' ({{IPA|pt|ˈɡaɾɨ ðu oɾiˈẽtɨ}}), or alternately, the ''Lisbon Oriente Station'' is one of the main [[Portugal|Portuguese]] intermodal [[transport hub]]s, and is situated in the [[Freguesia (Portugal)|civil parish]] of [[Parque das Nações]], [[Concelho|municipality]] of [[Lisbon]].

==History==

In 1994, the station was proposed as part of the modernization of the [[Linha do Norte]], a modification to the rail line to facilitate the future development of a new station in eastern Lisbon. Located along Avenida D. João II, over Avenida de Berlim and Rua Conselheiro Mariano de Carvalho,<ref name=CP>{{citation |url=http://www.cp.pt/passageiros/pt/consultar-horarios/estacoes/lisboa-oriente |title=Lisboa Oriente |access-date=21 November 2014 |publisher=Comboios de Portugal |date=2014}}</ref> the station was planned to occupy the lands once occupied by Apeadeiro dos Olivais, which was demolished in the 1990s in order to make way for the new station.

Bids for building the project on lands to be used for the 1998 exposition were solicited internationally.<ref>Mauricio Levy (1994), p.27-28</ref> The concept was originally designed by [[Spain|Spanish]] architect [[Santiago Calatrava]] in 1995, and built by [[Acciona|Necso]].<ref>Afonso, p. 224</ref><ref>[http://www.acciona-infraestructuras.es/default.asp?x=000202020203&z=000123&item=4033&pag=&idArea=&idTipoActividad=&idTipoSector= Acciona website] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080202130141/http://www.acciona-infraestructuras.es/default.asp?x=000202020203&z=000123&item=4033&pag=&idArea=&idTipoActividad=&idTipoSector= |date= February 2, 2008 }}</ref>

The station was inaugurated on 19 May 1998, as part of the celebrations marking the opening of the [[Expo '98]] [[world's fair]].<ref>Alvaro Tarifa (1998), p.68-73</ref> At the time of its opening it was considered the largest intermodal station in Portugal,<ref>100 Obras de Arquitectura Civil no Século XX, 2000:114</ref> winning the [[Brunel Award]] on 7 October 1998, in the category of large new construction projects.<ref>Yolanda del Val (1998), p.16-17</ref>

==Architecture==
[[File:Heartofsymmetry - Flickr - @Tuncay.jpg|thumb|left|Interior]]
Oriente Station is situated in an urban area of reclaimed industrial and abandoned buildings fronting the northern margin of the Tagus River, situated {{convert|6|km|mi}} from the city centre.<ref name="ESA">Luís Cerqueira & Miguel Gregório (2004), p.19-20</ref>

Ambitious in its conception, the modernist station includes a [[Oriente Station (Lisbon Metro)|Lisbon Metro]] station, a [[High-speed rail|high-speed]] [[commuter]] and regional train hub, a local, national and international bus station, a shopping centre and a police station.<ref name=ESA/><ref name="Peralta">Diana Ferreira Peralta (2011), p.39-41</ref> The rail station was conceived with a multi-modal platform intersecting the cardinal axes for the various transport modes.<ref name=ESA/>

With some influence from [[Gothic architecture]], the station bears considerable resemblance to Santiago Calatrava's earlier [[Brookfield Place (Toronto)|Allen Lambert Galleria]] within [[Toronto]]'s [[Brookfield Place (Toronto)|Brookfield Place]]. Calatrava's objective was to realize a new space with ample room and functionality providing multiple connections between various zones in the metropolitan area of Lisbon.<ref name=ESA/>

One important aspect of the station is its link to the urban environment in which it was constructed. The decision to elevate the rail line, for example, eliminated a physical barrier between the city and the Tagus River margin.<ref name=Peralta/> The station, covered in a lattice structure of glass and metal, is constructed of reinforced concrete and raised {{convert|19|m|ft}} over the roadway.<ref name=Peralta/> By January 2011, there were eight lines that extended {{convert|510|-|720|m|ft}} across {{convert|309|m|ft}} platforms, between {{convert|60|-|70|cm|in}} in height.<ref>{{citation |pages=73|title=Directório da Rede 2012 |date=6 January 2011|publisher=Rede Ferroviária Nacional |language=pt}}</ref>

In addition to the many galleries that are part of the station, it is connected to the ''Centro Comercial Vasco da Gama'' (''Vasco da Gama Commercial Centre/Mall'') and the Lisbon Metro through a subterranean access, as well as a first floor connection to the train platforms and a pedestrian walkway.<ref name=Peralta/>
{{CPLisbon}}

==Services==

{{s-rail-start}}
{{s-rail|title=Comboios de Portugal}}
{{rail line |route=[[Comboios de Portugal#Services|Intercidades]] |col=00A550 |previous= [[Santa Apolónia railway station|Lisboa-Santa Apolónia]]<br/><small>''Terminus''</small> |next=[[Vila Franca de Xira railway station|Vila Franca de Xira]]<br/><small>''toward [[Covilhã railway station|Covilhã]]''</small>|rows1=1}}

{{rail line |route=[[Comboios de Portugal#Services|Regional]]<br/>R4401 |col=FFA700| previous= [[Braço de Prata railway station|Braço de Prata]]<br/><small>''toward [[Santa Apolónia railway station|Lisboa-Santa Apolónia]]''</small>
|next=[[Moscavide halt|Moscavide]]<br/><small>''toward [[Entroncamento railway station|Entroncamento]]''</small>
|rows1=1}}

{{s-end}}

== References ==

===Notes===
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Sources===
* {{citation |url=http://www.ocomboio.net/PDF/mgf-arquitectura2.pdf |title=A Arquitectura e o Caminho-de-Ferro em Portugal |first=Luís |last=Cerqueira |first2=Miguel |last2=Gregório |year=2004 |language=pt |publisher=Escola Superior de Tecnologia |location=Lisbon, Portugal |access-date=13 January 2016}}
* {{citation |url=https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/395143173251/Disserta%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20_%20Diana%20Peralta.pdf |title=Mobilidade Pedonal: Humanização do Espaço Público Junto a Nós Viários |language=pt |publisher=Instituto Superior Técnico/Universidade Técnica de Lisboa |first=Diana Ferreira |last=Peralta |date=October 2011 |access-date=13 January 2016}}
* {{citation |date=1 August 1994 |contribution=Los portugueses se centrarán en la mejora de las cercanías |last=Levy |first=Mauricio |pages=27–28 |title=Via Libre |volume=31 |issue=367|publisher=Fundación de los Ferrocarriles Españoles |location=Madrid, Spain |language=es |issn=1134-1416}}
* {{citation |last=Tarifa |first=Alvaro Sánchez |contribution=Noticias |pages=68–73 |title=Maquetren |volume=6 |issue=69 |language=es |publisher=Ed. España Desconocida |location=Madrid, Portugal |issn=1132-2063 |year=1998}}
* {{citation |last=Val |first=Yolanda del |pages=16–17 |contribution=Los Premios Brunel al mejor diseno ferroviario se entregan el 7 de octubre en Madrid |date=1 October 1998 |title=Via Libre |volume=35 |issue=413 |publisher=Fundación de los Ferrocarriles Españoles |location=Madrid, Portugal |language=es |issn=1134-1416}} 
* {{citation |title=100 Obras de Arquitectura Civil no Século XX: Portugal |publisher=Ordem dos Engenheiros |year=2000 |pages=286 |isbn=972-97231-7-6 |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=pt}}
* {{citation |first=João |last=Afonso |title=IAPXX: Inquérito à Arquitectura do Século XX em Portugal |publisher=Ordem dos Arquitectos |year=2005 |pages=290|isbn=972-8897-14-6 |location=Lisboa, Portugal |language=pt}}

==External links==
* [http://www.portaldasnacoes.pt/ Portal das Nações] Discover the Orient Station

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gare Do Oriente}}
[[Category:Santiago Calatrava structures]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Lisbon]]
[[Category:Neo-futurist architecture]]
[[Category:Parque das Nações]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Portugal opened in 1998]]