View source for GWR 5400 Class

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2018}}
{{Infobox locomotive
| powertype = Steam
| name = GWR 5400 Class
| image = Old Oak Common Locomotive Depot auto-fitted 0-6-0 Pannier tank geograph-2951270-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
| caption = 5405 at [[Old Oak Common TMD]] in 1947
| designer = [[Charles Collett]]
| builder = [[Great Western Railway|GWR]] [[Swindon Works]]
| builddate = 1930&ndash;1932, 1935{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E83}}
| totalproduction = 25{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E83}}
| ordernumber= Lots 277 (part), 301
| whytetype = [[0-6-0PT]]
| gauge = {{track gauge|56.5in|allk=on}}
| driverdiameter = {{convert|5|ft|2|in|3|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E83}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|14|ft|8|in|m|2|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| minimumcurve = {{plainlist|
* {{convert|4|chain|0}} normal
* {{convert|3.5|chain|0}} slow{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E77}}
}}
| length = Over [[Buffer (rail transport)|buffers]]: {{convert|31|ft|1|in|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|Whitehurst|1973|p=156}}
| width = {{convert|8|ft|7|in|3|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|Whitehurst|1973|p=156}}
| height = {{convert|12|ft|6+3/16|in|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|Whitehurst|1973|p=156}}
| frametype = {{plainlist|
* Type: Inside
* Length: {{convert|26|ft|5|in|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|Whitehurst|1973|p=156}}
}}
| locoweight = {{long ton|46|12}}<br/>({{convert|46|LT|12|Lcwt|ST|1|abbr=on|disp=output only}}) full{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| axleload = {{long ton|15|12}}<br/>({{convert|15|LT|12|Lcwt|ST|1|abbr=on|disp=output only}}){{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| fueltype = [[Coal]]
| fuelcap = {{long ton|3|4}}<br/>({{convert|3|LT|4|Lcwt|ST|1|abbr=on|disp=output only}}){{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| watercap = {{convert|1100|impgal|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| cylindercount = two inside
| cylindersize = {{convert|16+1/2|x|24|in|0|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| firearea = {{convert|16.76|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| tubearea = {{convert|1004.2|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| fireboxarea = {{convert|81.8|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| totalsurface = {{convert|1086.0|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| boiler = GWR Standard No. 21{{sfnb|Champ|2018|p=319}}
| pitch = {{Convert|7|ft|0|in|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| diameterinside =  Outside diameter: {{Convert|4|ft|3|in|abbr=on}} & {{Convert|4|ft|2+1/8|in|abbr=on}}
| lengthinside = Barrel: {{Convert|10|ft|6|in|abbr=on}}
| boilerpressure = {{convert|165|psi|MPa|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E83}}
| tractiveeffort = {{convert|14780|lbf|kN|abbr=on}}{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| locobrakes = [[steam brake|steam]]
| trainbrakes = [[Vacuum brake|vacuum]]
| trainheating = [[Steam]] from locomotive boiler
| safety = [[GWR ATC|ATC]]{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| operator = [[Great Western Railway]]{{•}}[[British Railways]]
| fleetnumbers = 5400&ndash;5424{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| powerclass = {{plainlist|
* [[Great Western Railway Power Classification|GWR: Ungrouped]]
* BR: 1P{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
}}
| locale = [[Western Region of British Railways|Western Region]]
| withdrawndate = 1956&ndash;1963{{sfnb|Whitehurst|1973|p=49}}
| axleloadclass = [[Great Western Railway Weight Classification|GWR: Yellow]]{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}
| disposition = All [[scrap]]ped
}}

The [[Great Western Railway]] (GWR) '''5400 Class''' was a class of [[0-6-0]] [[pannier tank]] [[steam locomotive]]. They were similar in appearance to many other GWR tank engines but smaller than the ubiquitous [[GWR 5700 Class]].

The nominally [[Charles Collett|Collett]]-designed 5400 Class had {{convert|5|ft|2|in|3|abbr=on}} [[driving wheel]]s for greater top speed with [[GWR Autocoach|autocoaches]], and were all fitted with the required remote control gear for working the push-pull [[GWR Autotrain|autotrains]]. They had a modern cab and a larger bunker. They were frequently seen on inner suburban routes from [[London Paddington station|Paddington]].

==History==
The 5400 class was related to the [[GWR 2021 Class]] saddle tank, designed by [[William Dean (engineer)|William Dean]] and built at [[Wolverhampton railway works]]. This was a light, compact design with {{convert|4|ft|1+1/2|in|abbr=on}} wheels, itself derived from the smaller [[Joseph Armstrong (engineer)|Armstrong]] [[GWR 850 Class]] dating from 1874.

The prototype was not a new engine, being rebuilt from 2021 Class No. 2062 in 1930. It was given larger wheels, splashers and coal bunker, and the new units from 1931 onwards had the rounded-edge cab as well. This cab style was to be fitted to all subsequent GWR pannier tank designs, including the later derivations of the 5700 Class.

Despite its success, the prototype, No. 5400, had a short life, lasting only two years before being scrapped. It was used as a parts donor for an all-new engine with the same number. 25 locomotives were built and they were numbered 5400–5424.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+ Table of orders and numbers{{sfnb|Allcock|Davies|le Fleming|Maskelyne|1968|pp=36–37}}
! Year !! Quantity !! Lot No. !! Locomotive numbers !! Notes
|-
| 1930–32 || 20 || 277 || 5400–5419 || align=left | 
|-
| 1935 || 5 || 301 || 5420–5424 || align=left | 
|}

== Withdrawal and mileages ==
Withdrawal from service with BR started in 1957 and was completed in 1963.{{sfnb|Whitehurst|1973|p=49}} The last ones in service were No. 5410, No. 5416, and No. 5420.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Daniel |first1=John |title='5400' tank class details: 5400 - 5424 |url=http://www.greatwestern.org.uk/060_5400det.htm |website=The Great Western Archive |access-date=20 November 2020}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" summary="The table is organized with two rows giving the year and numbers of locomotives withdrawn."
|+ Withdrawal of 5400s from BR
<!--*** New Row *************************************************************-->
|- 
! Year
| 1956
| 1957
| 1958
| 1959
| 1960
| 1961
| 1962
| 1963
<!--*** New Row *************************************************************-->
|-
! Numbers
| 1
| 7
| 3
| 5
| 3
| 1
| 2
| 3
|}

le Fleming noted that the mileages of those withdrawn between February 1957 and February 1958 were "from 671,000 to 775,000".{{sfnb|le Fleming|1958|p=E84}}

==GWR 6400 and 7400 classes==
[[File:Kidderminster station, with auto-train to Bewdley geograph-2571495-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg|thumb|right|6400 Class locomotive 6424 at {{rws|Kidderminster}} in 1963]]
The [[GWR 6400 Class]] and 7400 Class that followed were closely related, fundamentally differing only in wheel size – {{convert|4|ft|7+1/2|in|abbr=on}} – and, in the case of the 74xx, a higher boiler pressure of {{convert|180|psi|MPa|abbr=on}}. This produced two general purpose classes with wide route availability. The 6400 was auto-fitted but more suitable for hilly routes than the 5400. The 7400 was not auto-fitted.

==See also==
* [[GWR 0-6-0PT]] – ''list of classes of GWR 0-6-0 pannier tank, including table of preserved locomotives''

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
*{{RCTS-LocosGWR-1|year=1968}}
*{{Cite book|last=Champ|first=Jim |title=An Introduction to Great Western Locomotive Development |year=2018|publisher=[[Pen and Sword Books|Pen & Sword Transport]] |isbn=978-1-4738-7784-9|location=Barnsley |oclc=1029234106 |ol=26953051M }}
*{{RCTS-LocosGWR-5}}
*{{Whitehurst GW Engines from 1940}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|GWR 5400 Class|position=left}}
; 5400 Class
* {{cite web |url= http://www.greatwestern.org.uk/m_in_060_5400.htm |title=5400 Class Introduction |work=The Great Western Archive}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041229055307/http://www.hmilburn.easynet.co.uk/enthuse/steam/locos/gwr/5400.htm]

; General 
* [http://www.gwr.org.uk/nopanniers.html Guide to GWR Pannier Tank Classes]

{{GWR Locomotives}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:0-6-0PT locomotives]]
[[Category:C n2t locomotives]]
[[Category:Great Western Railway locomotives|5400]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1930]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain]]
[[Category:Scrapped locomotives]]
[[Category:Passenger locomotives]]