View source for GNSR Classes V and F

{{Short description|Classes of British locomotives}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox Locomotive
| name = GNSR classes V and F<br />LNER D40 class
| powertype = steam
| image = D40 Locomotive.jpg
| caption = 
| designer = {{ubl|Class V: [[William Pickersgill]]|Class F: [[T. E. Heywood]]}}
| builder = {{ubl|Class V: [[Neilson and Company|Neilson, Reid & Co.]] (5)|GNSR [[Inverurie Locomotive Works|Inverurie Works]] (8)|Class F: [[North British Locomotive Company|North British Locomotive Co.]] (6)|GNSR Inverurie Works (2)}}
| builddate = {{ubl|Class V: 1899–1915|Class F: 1920–1921}}
| whytetype = [[4-4-0]]
| uicclass = 2'Bn (13) and 2'Bh (8)
| gauge = {{track gauge|ussg}}
| totalproduction = {{ubl|Class V: 13|Class F: 8}}
| leadingdiameter = {{convert|3|ft|9.5|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
| driverdiameter = {{convert|6|ft|1|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
| cylindercount = Two, inside
| cylindersize = 18 × 26 in (452×660&nbsp;mm)
| valvegear = [[Stephenson valve gear|Stephenson]], slide valves
| boilerpressure = {{convert|165|psi|MPa|2|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| tractiveeffort = {{convert|16185|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| axleloadclass = [[Route Availability]] 4
| locoweight = {{ubl|Class V: {{convert|46.35|LT|t|1|lk=on}}|Class F: {{convert|48.65|LT|t|1}}}}
| tenderweight = {{convert|37.4|LT|t|0}}
| operator = {{ubl|[[Great North of Scotland Railway]]|[[London and North Eastern Railway]]|[[British Railways]]}}
| operatorclass = {{ubl|GNSR: V and F|LNER: D40}}
| powerclass = BR: 2P until May 1953, then 1P
| superheatertype = {{ubl|Class V: none|Class F: yes}}
| retiredate = 1947–1958
| preservedunits = No. 49
| disposition = One preserved, remainder scrapped
}}
The '''GNSR Classes V and F''' is a type of [[4-4-0]] [[steam locomotive]] built by [[Neilson and Company|Neilson, Reid & Co.]], [[Inverurie Locomotive Works|Inverurie Works]], [[North British Locomotive Company|North British Locomotive Co.]] and GNSR Inverurie Works for the [[Great North of Scotland Railway]] (GNSR). It consisted of GNSR class V (introduced in 1899 by [[William Pickersgill]]) and GNSR class F (introduced in 1920 by [[T. E. Heywood]]). The two classes were similar but the class F was superheated.

==Construction history==
===Class V===
In February 1898, the Scottish locomotive builder [[Neilson and Company|Neilson, Reid and Company]] had completed an order for twelve [[4-4-0]] locomotives for the [[Great North of Scotland Railway]] (GNSR); these comprised [[LNER class D41|GNSR class T]].<ref>{{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1968|pp=65,68}}</ref> In October that year, [[William Pickersgill]], the GNSR Locomotive Superintendent, requested authority to purchase a further twelve. Neilsons offered to build between ten and twenty further locomotives of the class T design. The GNSR Board of Directors granted permission for ten locomotives of a slightly modified design incorporating a side-window cab, and Neilson, Reid & Co. were awarded the contract that November (Neilsons order no. E827) at a price of £2,975 each.<ref name=RCTS5859>{{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1968|pp=58–59}}</ref><ref name=Bradley120>{{harvnb|Bradley|1979|p=120}}</ref> Delivery commenced in October 1899, but by the time that the first five locomotives had been received by the GNSR (class V; numbers 113–115, 25, 26), they found that a downturn in traffic meant that not only were the remaining five not required, but that they would also be unable to pay for them. Accordingly, the GNSR requested that Neilsons should find an alternative buyer, and to obtain the best possible price. They were duly sold to the [[South Eastern and Chatham Railway]] for £3,300 each, where they became that company's [[SECR G class|class G]].<ref name=RCTS5859 /><ref name=Bradley120 /> An offer from the SECR to purchase the first five as well, but at £3,325 each, was turned down by the GNSR.<ref name=RCTS59>{{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1968|p=59}}</ref>

A further eight locomotives (in two batches of four) to the same design as the 1899 batch were built by the GNSR at their [[Inverurie Locomotive Works|Inverurie Works]], [[Aberdeenshire]], in 1909–10 (nos. 27, 29, 31, 36) and 1913–15 (nos. 28, 33, 35, 34). Once again, Pickersgill's recommended quantities were reduced: he had requested ten in 1903, and eight in 1911.<ref>{{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1968|pp=59,64}}</ref>

===Class F===
The class F locomotives were the only ones to be named by the GNSR, all other classes being numbered only. The class originally comprised eight locomotives, six built by the [[North British Locomotive Company]] in [[Glasgow]] in 1920, the remaining two by GNSR at [[Inverurie Locomotive Works|Inverurie Works]] in 1921. 

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
!Year!!Builder!!GNSR No.!!LNER No.!!1946 No.!!BR No.!!Name
|-
|1921||style="text-align:left"|[[Inverurie Locomotive Works|Inverurie Works]]|| 45|| 6845|| 2273|| 62273||style="text-align:left"|[[Geroge Davidson (railway manager)|George Davidson]]<!-- this George Davidson was the General Manager of the GNoSR from 1906 to 1922 -->
|-
|1921||style="text-align:left"|Inverurie Works|| 46|| 6846|| 2274|| 62274||style="text-align:left"|[[Bennachie|Benachie]]
|-
|1920||style="text-align:left"|[[North British Locomotive Company|North British Loco]]|| 47|| 6847|| 2275|| 62275||style="text-align:left"|Sir David Stewart
|-
|1920||style="text-align:left"|North British Loco|| 48|| 6848|| 2276|| 62276||style="text-align:left"|Andrew Bain
|-
|1920||style="text-align:left"|North British Loco|| 49|| 6849|| 2277|| 62277||style="text-align:left"|[[Gordon Highlanders|Gordon Highlander]]
|-
|1920||style="text-align:left"|North British Loco|| 50|| 6850|| 2278|| 62278||style="text-align:left"|[[Hatton Castle, Angus|Hatton Castle]]
|-
|1920||style="text-align:left"|North British Loco|| 52|| 6852|| 2279|| 62279||style="text-align:left"|Glen Grant
|-
|1920||style="text-align:left"|North British Loco|| 54|| 6854|| 2280|| —||style="text-align:left"|[[Charles Carnegie, 10th Earl of Southesk|Southesk]]
|-
|}

==South Eastern and Chatham Railway and Southern Railway==
The five locomotives ordered in 1898 that the GNSR was unable to pay for were offered for sale by Neilsons, with the authority of the GNSR.<ref name="Bradley120"/> On 11 October 1899, Neilsons contacted the [[South Eastern and Chatham Railway]] (SECR), which had recently placed a locomotive order with them.<ref name=Bradley120 /> The SECR was an organisation which had been formed on 1 January 1899, and which was short of express passenger locomotives for the former [[London, Chatham and Dover Railway]] routes, which had a weight limit. The SECR quickly accepted the offer, paying £3200 each for them, whereas Neilsons would have charged the GNSR £2975 each; in December, the cost to the SECR was increased by a further £57 per engine and tender after [[Harry Wainwright]], the SECR Locomotive Superintendent, requested modifications including the fitting of vacuum brake equipment.<ref name=Bradley120 /> The price difference was split between Neilsons and the GNSR, the latter receiving £1025.<ref name=Bradley120 /> On the SECR they were assigned Class G, and entered service during January and February 1900, numbered 676–680.<ref>{{harvnb|Bradley|1979|pp=120,122}}</ref> They passed to the [[Southern Railway (Great Britain)|Southern Railway]] (SR) at the [[1923 Grouping]], and, except for no. 678, were given SR numbers A676–A680.<ref>{{harvnb|Bradley|1979|p=121}}</ref> They were withdrawn from service between 1924 and 1927.<ref>{{harvnb|Bradley|1979|p=122}}</ref>

==London and North Eastern Railway==
All 21 GNSR locomotives passed to the [[London and North Eastern Railway]] in 1923. The LNER classed them all as D40 irrespective of whether they were fitted with [[superheater]]s (class F) or not (class V). The LNER initially renumbered them by adding 6800 to their GNSR number. In 1946 they completely renumbered all their locomotives and the D40 class became 2260–2261, 2265–2272, 2262–2264 (former class V) and 2273–2280 (former class F).

The first locomotive was withdrawn in 1947.

==British Railways==
Eighteen of the 21 locomotives passed into [[British Railways]] ownership in 1948 (eleven former class V, and seven former class F). BR renumbered them by adding 60000 to their 1946 LNER number.

The last locomotive of the D40 class was 62277 Gordon Highlander and it was withdrawn in 1958 from Kittybrewster Depot, Aberdeen.

==Preservation==
[[File:Gordon Highlander steam locomotive.jpg|thumb|right|''Gordon Highlander'' taking on coal in 1964]]
Number 62277 was preserved and renumbered as 49<ref>{{cite web|last=The LNER Encyclopedia|title=The D40|url=http://www.lner.info/locos/D/d40.shtml}}</ref> as an example of the superheated version. GNSR No. 49, ''Gordon Highlander''  was also numbered as LNER No. 6849 at the Grouping, LNER No. 2277 in 1946 and BR No. 62277 on nationalisation. At withdrawal, it was the only survivor of the class still in service. Restored to GNSR green in 1958<ref name="Casserley">{{harvnb|Casserley|1974|p=74}}</ref> (though it never carried green livery in GNSR service since it originally appeared in Heywood's lined black),<ref name="Gordon">{{harvnb|Gordon|2008|pp=77–79}}</ref> it was given an occasional airing on specials before retirement to the [[Riverside Museum|Glasgow Transport Museum]]. It was moved to the [[Museum of Scottish Railways]]<ref>{{cite web|last=SRPS|title=SRPS Steam|url=http://www.srpssteam.com/}}</ref> at Bo'ness rather than the [[Riverside Museum]].

On 13 June 1964, ''Gordon Highlander'' was used on the "Solway Ranger" [[railtour]] of Cumbria, on the section between {{stnlnk|Carlisle}} and {{stnlnk|Silloth}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sixbellsjunction.co.uk/60s/640613sr.html |title=R.C.T.S. (West Riding Branch) The Solway Ranger |work=The Railtour Files |access-date=25 October 2010 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Sources==
*{{RCTS-LocosLNER|4}}
*{{cite book |last=Bradley |first=D.L. |title=The Locomotive History of the London, Chatham & Dover Railway |edition=2nd |date=March 1979 |orig-year=1960 |publisher=[[Railway Correspondence and Travel Society|RCTS]] |location=London |isbn=0-901115-47-9 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Casserley |first1=H. C. |last2=Johnston |first2=S. W. |orig-year=1966 |year=1974 |title=Locomotives at the Grouping 2: London and North Eastern Railway |publisher=Ian Allan Ltd |page=31 |isbn=0-7110-0553-2 |author-link1=H. C. Casserley |location=Shepperton }}
* {{cite book | last = Casserley | first = H. C. | title = The [[Observer's Books|Observer's Book]] of British Steam Locomotives | publisher = Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd |year=1974 | location = London |isbn = 0-7232-1539-1 |id=23 }}
* {{cite book |publisher=Ian Allan Ltd |title=The ABC of British Locomotives, part 4: 60000-79999 |year=1948 |page=19 |editor-first=A.F. |editor-last=Cook |location=London }}
* {{cite book |last=Gordon |first=Hugh |year=2008 |title=Great North of Scotland Railway Locomotives |publisher=Irwell Press Ltd |isbn=978-1-903266-08-3 }}
* {{cite book |last=Williams |first=Peter |year=1974 |title=Britain's Railway Museums |publisher=Ian Allan Ltd |page=82 }}

==External links==
* [http://www.lner.info/locos/D/d40.shtml LNER database Classes V and F/Class D40]
{{Great North of Scotland Railway Navbox}}
{{LNER Locomotives}}

[[Category:4-4-0 locomotives]]
[[Category:2′B n2 locomotives]]
[[Category:2′B h2 locomotives]]
[[Category:Great North of Scotland Railway locomotives|V and F]]
[[Category:Neilson locomotives]]
[[Category:NBL locomotives]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1899]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain]]
[[Category:Passenger locomotives in the United Kingdom]]